Mcarthur Basin Geology and Mineral Resources of the Northern Territory
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Geology and mineral resources of the Northern Territory Ahmad M and Munson TJ (compilers) Northern Territory Geological Survey Special Publication 5 Chapter 15: McArthur Basin BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCE: Ahmad M, Dunster JN and Munson TJ, 2013. Chapter 15: McArthur Basin: in Ahmad M and Munson TJ (compilers). ‘Geology and mineral resources of the Northern Territory’. Northern Territory Geological Survey, Special Publication 5. Disclaimer While all care has been taken to ensure that information contained in this publication is true and correct at the time of publication, changes in circumstances after the time of publication may impact on the accuracy of its information. The Northern Territory of Australia gives no warranty or assurance, and makes no representation as to the accuracy of any information or advice contained in this publication, or that it is suitable for your intended use. You should not rely upon information in this publication for the purpose of making any serious business or investment decisions without obtaining independent and/or professional advice in relation to your particular situation. The Northern Territory of Australia disclaims any liability or responsibility or duty of care towards any person for loss or damage caused by any use of, or reliance on the information contained in this publication. McArthur Basin Current as of Dec 2010 Chapter 15: McARTHUR BASIN M Ahmad, JN Dunster and TJ Munson INTRODUCTION The basin has been modelled as several north-trending asymmetric rifts or grabens separated by northwest- The Palaeo- to Mesoproterozoic McArthur Basin is exposed trending faults and transverse ridges. Previous workers over an area of about 180 000 km2 in the northeastern NT. It (Plumb and Derrick 1975, Plumb et al 1980, 1990, Plumb unconformably overlies Palaeoproterozoic metamorphosed and Wellman 1987) identi¿ed two north-trending troughs and deformed rocks of the Pine Creek Orogen (PCO) to (Walker and Batten troughs), separated by the east-trending the west, the Murphy Province to south and the Arnhem Urapunga Tectonic Ridge (Figure 15.1). Tectonically Province to the northeast (Figure 15.1). To the southeast, the stable shelves to the east and west Àanked these troughs. McArthur Basin succession extends to the Isa Superbasin The Caledon Shelf was located to the east and the Arnhem in Queensland. The Murphy Inlier of the Murphy Province Shelf to the west of the Walker Trough, whereas the Batten was probably a palaeogeographical high separating the Trough was Àanked by the Wearyan Shelf to the east and McArthur Basin from the South Nicholson Basin and Lawn Bauhinia Shelf to the west. However, more recent studies Hill Platform (Plumb and Wellman 1987, Wygralak et al (Rawlings et al 1997, Rawlings 1999, Rawlings et al 2004) 1988). Phanerozoic strata of the Georgina, Carpentaria and have presented evidence suggesting that the 'troughs' Arafura basins unconformably overlie the McArthur Basin represent zones of faulting rather than depositional features succession. McArthur Basin strata apparently continue and accordingly have renamed these the Walker Fault beneath the Georgina and onshore Carpentaria basins Zone (WFZ) and Batten Fault Zone (BFZ). The Urapunga and are probably continuous with that of the Tomkinson Tectonic Ridge has similarly been reinterpreted as a major Province of the Tennant Region. fault zone. Pietsch et al (1991) proposed that McArthur 133° 134° 135° 136° 137° 138° 139° Arafura Sea MIRARRMINA INLIER (Arnhem Province) Mitchell-Flinders Thrust Belt CARPENTARIA BASIN Gove Arafura Basin NORTHERN QUEENSLAND Pine Fault Range Coast TERRITORY ARNHEM INLIER (Arnhem Province) Creek Bulman Fault Orogen 13° northern NE McArthur Basin (former Caledon Shelf) McArthur NW McArthur Basin (former Arnhem Shelf) Gulf of Carpentaria Basin 14° Urapunga Walker Fault Zone Katherine Fault Zone Urapunga Inlier Scrutton Inlier Daly Basin southern Hells Gate 15° Hinge Line Batten Fault Zone 0 200 km SW McArthur Basin Tawallan Fault Carpentaria (former Bauhinia Shelf) Basin McArthur Borroloola Beetaloo Mallapunyah 16° Sub-basin McArthur River Mine (under Fault Emu Fault Basin cover) SE McArthur Basin (former Wearyan Shelf) Calvert MURPHY Fault INLIER Redbank 17° NT Murphy Qld Peters Creek Volcanics Inlier Carpentaria and (Murphy Province) Georgina basins Carpentaria Basin Tomkinson 18° Province A08-329.aiA08-329.ai Lawn Hill Platform and McArthur Basin Fault zones post-McArthur Basin units basement units and correlatives South Nicholson Basin Figure 15.1. Geological setting of McArthur Basin (slightly modi¿ed after Rawlings 1999). Position of southern McArthur Basin deep seismic line (Rawlings et al 2004) shown by solid red line. Geology and mineral resources of the Northern Territory 15:1 Special publication 5 McArthur Basin W E a CDP 7000 6000 5000 3000 2000 0 0 1 3 2 6 Depth (km) 3 9 Two-way time (s) 4 12 BAUHINIA SCRUTTON TAWALLAH EMU NARWINBI MONOCLINE FAULT FAULT FAULT FAULT b 7000 6000 5000 2000 0 0 1 3 ) FAU 2 6 FAU Depth (km) 3 9 Two-way time (s) 4 12 0 20 km V =1 H base Roper Group base Yalco Formation base of upper Tawallah Group basement reflection base Nathan Group intra-McArthur (? Barney Creek) base of middle Tawallah Group rhyolite intrusion base Stretton Sandstone base McArthur Group base of Tawallah Group fault A09-084.ai Figure 15.2. Interpreted seismic data for McArthur Basin deep seismic line 02GA-BT1 (after Rawlings et al 2004: ¿gure 9). Position of line shown in Figure 15.1. Group succession in the Batten Fault Zone was thicker as Rawlings (1999) Jackson et al (1999, 2000) the result of differential uplift along the margins of the fault zones, but Rawlings et al (2004) presented outcomes of a Wilton Package Roper Superbasin deep seismic reÀection survey that showed that the entire (Roper Group) succession is essentially horizontal and about 8 km thick (Figure 15.2). There was no evidence in the seismic data Favenc Package for the Batten 'Trough' to be a separate depocentre, with (Mount Rigg/Nathan groups) the sedimentary succession appearing to continue in both Glyde Package Isa Superbasin directions away from the implied boundaries of the 'trough'. (McArthur, Vizard, Balma This seismic data argues against dividing the McArthur and Habgood groups) Basin into depositional 'troughs' and 'shelves' and the traditional 'shelf' names are therefore here abandoned. For Goyder Package descriptive purposes, these terranes are instead referred (Parsons Range, upper to according to their geographic position within the Spencer Creek groups) basin; thus, the former Arnhem, Caledon, Bauhinia and Calvert Superbasin Wearyan shelves equate to the northwestern, northeastern, Redbank Package southwestern and southeastern McArthur Basin, (Katherine River, respectively. Areas north and south of the Urapunga Fault Tawallah, Zone are referred to herein as the northern and southern Donydji, lower Spencer Creek groups) McArthur Basin (Figure 15.1). Leichhardt Superbasin PALAEOPROTEROZOIC basement basement The McArthur Basin contains an unmetamorphosed A07-216.ai and relatively undeformed succession of sedimentary Figure 15.3. Subdivisions of McArthur Basin succession by and minor volcanic rocks with a preserved thickness of Rawlings (1999) and Jackson et al (1999, 2000). up to 10 km (Plumb and Wellman 1987). In the southern Jackson et al (1999, 2000) and Southgate et al (2000) McArthur Basin, this succession has been subdivided, in subdivided the Palaeoproterozoic of the region into four ascending stratigraphic order, into the Tawallah, McArthur, ¿rst-order sequences, the Leichhardt, Calvert, Isa and Nathan and Roper groups. In the northern McArthur Roper superbasins, most of which have been subdivided Basin, the succession comprises, in ascending order, the into formally de¿ned and named second- and third-order Groote Eylandt, Katherine River, Donydji, Parsons Range, sequences. An alternative scheme subdivided the entire Habgood, Balma, Mount Rigg, Nathan and Roper groups. In McArthur Basin succession into ¿ve basin-wide, non-genetic both areas, groups are separated by regional unconformities. units, originally referred to as 'supersequences' (Rawlings There have been two broad approaches to subdividing et al 1997), but later renamed 'packages' (Rawlings the successions of the McArthur Basin and correlative 1999). These depositional packages are disconformity terranes (Isa Superbasin, Lawn Hill Platform, Murphy or unconformity bounded and each is characterised by Province) and a comparison of the previous terminology similarities in age, stratigraphic position, lithofacies is given in Figure 15.3. Using sequence stratigraphy, composition, style and composition of volcanism, and Geology and mineral resources of the Northern Territory 15:2 Special publication 5 NORTHERN McARTHUR BASIN SOUTHERN McARTHUR BASIN Figure 15.4. Figure NORTHWESTERN McARTHUR BASIN WALKER FAULT ZONE NORTHEASTERN McARTHUR BASIN URAPUNGA SOUTHWESTERN BATTEN FAULT ZONE SOUTHEASTERN WEST EAST NORTH SOUTH NORTH CENTRAL SOUTH FAULT ZONE McARTHUR BASIN NORTH SOUTH McARTHUR BASIN CHAMBERS RIVER FORMATION Lithostratigraphic correlationsofvariousrockunits ofMcArthurBasin(afterRawlings 1999). McMINN FORMATION BUKALORKMI SANDSTONE VELKERRI FORMATION KYALLA FORMATION SHERWIN FORMATION BESSIE CREEK SANDSTONE ROPER GROUP MOROAK SANDSTONE Maiwok CORCORAN FORMATION Subgroup MCMINN FORMATION VELKERRI FORMATION Wilton HODGSON SANDSTONE BESSIE CREEK SANDSTONE package CORCORAN FORMATION JALBOI FORMATION HODGSON SANDSTONE JALBOI FORMATION ABNER SANDSTONE