Session-5 Content Creation : Cutting Edge Technology

Mr. Dhruba Ray Doordarshan, India

Mr. Norman Lievaart, Mr. PH. Cheung Mr. Teo Gim Loo Irdeto, The Neatherlands Sony, Hongkong Panasonic, Singapore Content protection/quality/assessment in digital era

Mr. Dhruba Ray Doordarshan, India Dhruba Ray, Chief Engineer in Doordarshan is a distinguished engineer & familiar figure in the Broadcasting circles in India. After completing his Masters Degree in Electronics and Telecommunication, he joined the Indian Broadcasting Services (IBES) in 1971. Initial grooming of Mr. Ray in Film & Television Institute Pune has made him not only exceptional in Television technologies but also more passionate towards the aesthetics & quality of TV production. Mr. Ray has had an illustrious career of more than 3 decades in various fields of Radio & TV broadcasting encompassing, Installation, Operation & management, Planning & design and overall Project Management. He has been associated with the TV coverage of ASIAD-82, NAM and CHOGAM. His long association with Studio Planning & System design in DD headquarter in past decades has offered a focused vision leading present day Doordarshan production technology to a global Mr. Norman Lievaart broadcasting standards. Mr. Ray is also known for his meticulous planning, Irdeto, The Neatherlands immaculate implementation and solution oriented approach. Mr. Ray has been instrumental in conceptualizing & execution of Premier project for establishing the first ever Digital TV production facility in both the houses of the Abstract Indian Parliament, which is first of its kind in the country having Unmanned Robotic Camera System. The mega-Studio project Doordarshan Bhawan Phase-II at Delhi Ever-growing numbers of consumers are embracing the personal benefits of the digital media age. Following the mass-adoption with six studios in the complex has also been completed under his valuable directions. of portable digital audio devices, such as the Apple iPod, many people are becoming aware that they can be liberated from the As zonal engineering head in East & North East zones, Mr. Ray upheld the agenda of traditional constraints of consuming media content it can now be consumed at any time, any place and on a broad range of time bound project completion and quality operations. personal devices. Mr. Ray has also worked as ITU expert for Nepal TV and as ABU Technical Mobile phones and their new capabilities are leading this revolution, having evolved into multimedia devices in just a few years. Consultant in Bhutan, North Korea and Mauritius. New technologies and standards now permit the efficient delivery of rich multimedia content (from ring tones to live TV) to mobile handsets. Presently as Chief Engineer in Doordarshan Directorate Mr. Ray is entrusted with significant responsibilities of Studio System Planning & design and Operation The success of a mobile multimedia operation is critically dependant on the Return On Investment (ROI) of the project. Maintenance & revenue generating services of Doordarshan Network. Profitable operations can be realised by providing rich content to paying subscribers only. This requirement can be met by deploying a content protection system as part of the overall operation. In addition, content protection is often a contractual requirement from content providers who want to secure revenue streams by preventing theft of their broadcast content. The different business models and the nature of the content to be distributed, will dictate what type of content protection system is to be deployed. This paper outlines the two approaches that are currently available for protecting content in a mobile multimedia environment. It also provides an overview of the content protection issues associated with each variant and makes recommendations for specific deployments.

V-` Content protection/quality/assessment in digital era

V-` Content protection/quality/assessment in digital era This first version provides basic DRM Architecture functionalities (forward lock, combined delivery Introduction Several opportunities and business models are Irdeto OMA DRM clients are built on a available to the operator for defining new ways of and separate delivery). progressive, cross-platform client architecture. With more than 4 billion TV users and more than 2 selling, distributing and consuming content for · OMA DRM 2.0 (March 2006) They are designed to meet a range of device billion mobile phone users worldwide, the wireless mobile end-users. The second release provides additional features requirements, from less robust feature phones to and broadcast industries are seeing the business for a more sophisticated DRM system, the highest performance smart phones. The tiered opportunities for generating new revenue streams Standards enhanced security, as well as distribution and architecture separates platform-specific by offering a variety of multimedia services to In addition to proprietary standards (e.g. Apple payment business models. components from platform-neutral components, mobile devices. iTunes, Microsoft DRM, Irdeto KeyDRM), an open standard for mobile applications also exists: the OMA DRM System Overview promoting portability across hardware and To secure revenue streams, Service & Content Open Mobile Alliance (OMA). This is an A conceptual architecture of a Mobile DRM system software platforms. These DRM clients can be protection solutions are available to mobile organisation of over 350 companies that has since is shown in the diagram below: modified in both presentation and core multimedia service providers. They fall into two functionality. 2002, defined the OMA Download, OMA DRM The diagram shows that the DRM agent is categories: Client Components and other standards for the mobile device industry. integrated into the handset, while at the head-end, · Content Protection Standards, such as OMA, are important to mobile one or two entities manage the “trust” within the Digital Rights Management (DRM) techniques A conceptual diagram of the client architecture of operators. They facilitate the availability of multi- system. are employed to control and protect the use and Irdeto's OMA 2.0 DRM solution is shown in the vendor solutions, while promoting compatibility consumption of content, according to business The trust created by the trust entity is used by the diagram below. between the systems. Ultimately, it leads to reduced rules, in the end-user device. Mobile DRM is DRM server and the DRM agent to exchange As can be seen, the client consists of three main prices for all players in the value chain primarily concerned with protecting digital (public/private cryptographic) keys, which are in sections: (manufacturers, network operators and content, such as ring tones, wallpaper/ turn used to implement a secure consumers). settlement/transaction of rights. The management · The DRM Engine screensavers, games, audio and video clips that The Engine contains the core DRM logic for OMA DRM is based on a subset of the Open of trust thus lies with an independent entity, with can be downloaded to portable devices over the managing OMA-protected media content mobile network. Note however that DRM Digital Rights Language (ODRL). ODRL is an the merchants employing this trust in their business techniques are not suitable for protecting higher Extensible Markup Language (XML) based rights propositions to subscribers. value content, such as broadcast TV. expression language, a mechanism for specifying In a point-to-point environment, this DRM content rights independently of the content type and · Service Protection protection approach is secure and works well. It is transport mechanism. Conditional Access (CA) is a technique that is however cryptographically vulnerable when used in employed to enable the access to broadcasting OMA members (mobile operators, handset a “one-to-many” broadcasting environment (the content for subscribing customers only. It is a manufacturers, equipment vendors, system “blowback attack”). In a DRM environment, one good approach for operators who wish to offer integrators and other companies related to the key common to all users, is used for a given piece of high value audio and video services via a variety wireless industry), have undertaken to ensure content. If this key is pirated, content is effectively of business models, on a per-service basis i.e. interoperability across all implementations. available to all. This has serious implications for a mobile television operation based on DRM content monthly subscription, Pay Per View (PPV) etc. Two versions of OMA DRM have been released to protection. Both technologies can be employed together to date: In a Conditional Access-based broadcasting system provide an even greater degree of control over · OMA DRM 1.0 (June 2004) consumed content. These techniques and other on the other hand, unique keys are generated for related issues are further explored in this paper. each subscriber and for each piece of content. These keys also change at different rates, making CONTENT PROTECTION FOR MOBILE this approach far more resilient to pirate attacks. · The SPI Layer Introduction Overview of Irdeto's DRM Solution DRM systems have been designed as a means for This layer abstracts platform-specific managing and controlling the consumption of Irdeto currently offers OMA DRM 1.0 and 2.0 components that are used by the DRM Engine. digital files (e.g. games or multimedia content) compliant DRM clients. The Irdeto OMA DRM · The Application Interface delivered as a point-to-point service. They are 1.0 client has been ported to several platforms, The OMA DRM 2.0 Client solution provides a based on enforcing rules of usage in the portable including Symbian, Windows Mobile, Linux, and robust API that enables device applications to device itself (based on a counter e.g. play 3 times, or Nucleus. It has also been deployed by some of the access DRM engine functionality. timer e.g. play for 5 days). leading device manufacturers worldwide.

V-2 V-3 Content protection/quality/assessment in digital era This first version provides basic DRM Architecture functionalities (forward lock, combined delivery Introduction Several opportunities and business models are Irdeto OMA DRM clients are built on a available to the operator for defining new ways of and separate delivery). progressive, cross-platform client architecture. With more than 4 billion TV users and more than 2 selling, distributing and consuming content for · OMA DRM 2.0 (March 2006) They are designed to meet a range of device billion mobile phone users worldwide, the wireless mobile end-users. The second release provides additional features requirements, from less robust feature phones to and broadcast industries are seeing the business for a more sophisticated DRM system, the highest performance smart phones. The tiered opportunities for generating new revenue streams Standards enhanced security, as well as distribution and architecture separates platform-specific by offering a variety of multimedia services to In addition to proprietary standards (e.g. Apple payment business models. components from platform-neutral components, mobile devices. iTunes, Microsoft DRM, Irdeto KeyDRM), an open standard for mobile applications also exists: the OMA DRM System Overview promoting portability across hardware and To secure revenue streams, Service & Content Open Mobile Alliance (OMA). This is an A conceptual architecture of a Mobile DRM system software platforms. These DRM clients can be protection solutions are available to mobile organisation of over 350 companies that has since is shown in the diagram below: modified in both presentation and core multimedia service providers. They fall into two functionality. 2002, defined the OMA Download, OMA DRM The diagram shows that the DRM agent is categories: Client Components and other standards for the mobile device industry. integrated into the handset, while at the head-end, · Content Protection Standards, such as OMA, are important to mobile one or two entities manage the “trust” within the Digital Rights Management (DRM) techniques A conceptual diagram of the client architecture of operators. They facilitate the availability of multi- system. are employed to control and protect the use and Irdeto's OMA 2.0 DRM solution is shown in the vendor solutions, while promoting compatibility consumption of content, according to business The trust created by the trust entity is used by the diagram below. between the systems. Ultimately, it leads to reduced rules, in the end-user device. Mobile DRM is DRM server and the DRM agent to exchange As can be seen, the client consists of three main prices for all players in the value chain primarily concerned with protecting digital (public/private cryptographic) keys, which are in sections: (manufacturers, network operators and content, such as ring tones, wallpaper/ turn used to implement a secure consumers). settlement/transaction of rights. The management · The DRM Engine screensavers, games, audio and video clips that The Engine contains the core DRM logic for OMA DRM is based on a subset of the Open of trust thus lies with an independent entity, with can be downloaded to portable devices over the managing OMA-protected media content mobile network. Note however that DRM Digital Rights Language (ODRL). ODRL is an the merchants employing this trust in their business techniques are not suitable for protecting higher Extensible Markup Language (XML) based rights propositions to subscribers. value content, such as broadcast TV. expression language, a mechanism for specifying In a point-to-point environment, this DRM content rights independently of the content type and · Service Protection protection approach is secure and works well. It is transport mechanism. Conditional Access (CA) is a technique that is however cryptographically vulnerable when used in employed to enable the access to broadcasting OMA members (mobile operators, handset a “one-to-many” broadcasting environment (the content for subscribing customers only. It is a manufacturers, equipment vendors, system “blowback attack”). In a DRM environment, one good approach for operators who wish to offer integrators and other companies related to the key common to all users, is used for a given piece of high value audio and video services via a variety wireless industry), have undertaken to ensure content. If this key is pirated, content is effectively of business models, on a per-service basis i.e. interoperability across all implementations. available to all. This has serious implications for a mobile television operation based on DRM content monthly subscription, Pay Per View (PPV) etc. Two versions of OMA DRM have been released to protection. Both technologies can be employed together to date: In a Conditional Access-based broadcasting system provide an even greater degree of control over · OMA DRM 1.0 (June 2004) consumed content. These techniques and other on the other hand, unique keys are generated for related issues are further explored in this paper. each subscriber and for each piece of content. These keys also change at different rates, making CONTENT PROTECTION FOR MOBILE this approach far more resilient to pirate attacks. · The SPI Layer Introduction Overview of Irdeto's DRM Solution DRM systems have been designed as a means for This layer abstracts platform-specific managing and controlling the consumption of Irdeto currently offers OMA DRM 1.0 and 2.0 components that are used by the DRM Engine. digital files (e.g. games or multimedia content) compliant DRM clients. The Irdeto OMA DRM · The Application Interface delivered as a point-to-point service. They are 1.0 client has been ported to several platforms, The OMA DRM 2.0 Client solution provides a based on enforcing rules of usage in the portable including Symbian, Windows Mobile, Linux, and robust API that enables device applications to device itself (based on a counter e.g. play 3 times, or Nucleus. It has also been deployed by some of the access DRM engine functionality. timer e.g. play for 5 days). leading device manufacturers worldwide.

V-2 V-3 SERVICE & CONTENT PROTECTION Conditional Access (CA) technology has been The DVB ad hoc group Convergence of Broadcast · OSF provides the ability to replace the secure FOR MOBILE TELEVISION successful at securing the revenue streams of and Mobile Services (CBMS), defines the components of the device if the system is Introduction content providers for many years in the traditional specifications for the delivery of IP-based services successfully attacked (in the form of either a In general, mobile media networks need to provide Pay-TV industry (terrestrial, cable or satellite). A over DVB-H networks. It specifies coding formats, downloadable replacement applet, or a sufficient capacity for live audio and video streams, CA system aims at enabling access to a service for Electronic Service Guide (ESG) creation, multicast replacement SIM card). This is less expensive at a quality suitable for Personal Digital Assistant paying viewers only. Content can be purchased in file delivery and service purchase & protection. than replacing the whole handset (for 18Crypt). (PDA) type devices. Users expect a downstream packages, a la carte or on a Pay Per View (PPV) basis. There are currently two approaches to securing · OSF offers flexibility and differentiation. The data rate of approximately 200 400 kb/s, rather Standards DVB mobile broadcasting services. Both are part OSF model allows regionalisation of Key than the 64 kb/s that mobile phones currently Broadcasting Technology of the ETSI TS 102 474 v1.1.1 specification (also Management System (KMS) implementations provide. The two most popular industry standards in the referred as the DVB Bluebook A100, Dec. 2005). and it supports customisable business models. Television-style (non-broadcast) content has been mobile broadcasting field are: · Open Security Framework (OSF) · It is more widely supported by operators, available to mobile phone users since early-2005 via · Digital Mobile Broadcasting (T-DMB & S- This standard is based on Conditional Access broadcasters and the device manufacturers. 2.5G and 3G networks. Although these mobile DMB) technology and is tailored for mobile Content providers are familiar and comfortable networks are optimised for the point-to-point environments. It uses a secure hardware client with CA technology. Obtaining premium delivery of content, they are not suitable for the DMB is a video and audio broadcasting component, which can be the mobile operator's content is easier for CA-based operators, mass distribution of the same content, because technology that provides broadcasting services (U)SIM card. compared to DRM-based broadcasting each mobile receiver must be provided with its own to portable devices and mobile phones via deployments. terrestrial transmitters (T-DMB). It is based on · 18Crypt receive bandwidth. In a situation where many users This standard is based on OMA DRM 2.0 with the Eureka 147 Digital Audio Broadcasting · OSF offers the possibility to SimulCrypt. This try to simultaneously consume the same data at the extensions to support broadcasting. It is purely (DAB) standard (also known as ITU-R Digital technique allows different operators the same location, a provider could run out of a device software based solution. System A). T-DMB adds video support and text freedom to select different CA systems for a bandwidth. In a Universal Mobile Telecomm- common broadcasting platform. SimulCrypt unications System (UMTS) cell for example, the broadcasting to the DAB standard. Irdeto believes that the OSF approach is superior for the following reasons: allows Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) in maximum data rate for all users combined is Satellite DMB (S-DMB) is based on the ITU-R this situation to deploy their own CA system, · It provides robust security as a result of the approximately 2 Mb/s. This means that a cell's Digital System E technical specification. It uses without having to share this core component features built into its Java SIM platforms. It is a serving capacity is exhausted when more than 31 a satellite, together with terrestrial repeaters, to with their competitors. services at 64 kb/s, or 15 services at 128 kb/s, or 7 achieve wide-area coverage for mobile TV. proven approach and implements the security techniques developed in services at 256 kb/s are simultaneously demanded. · Digital Video Broadcasting Handhelds combating piracy in Pay- New mobile broadcasting technologies, on the (DVB-H) SCRAM BLER MU LTIPLEXER DE-M ULTIPLEXER DE-SCRAM BLER other hand, provide solutions to alleviate these TV applications. The OSF DVB-H is a global standard based on the DVB- ECM S ECM S bandwidth restrictions on content delivery. It is solution is ported onto a EM M S EM M S CW RECOVERY T (Terrestrial) broadcasting standard, with an SYSTEM (U)SIM to carry the ENCRYPTION now possible to broadcast real-time TV content to extension to provide support for mobile SYSTEM mobile devices through a separate and dedicated security applet. The devices. It delivers content in broadcast mode SUBSCRIBER (U)SIM is owned and AUTHORISATION SYSTEM ( SA S) network. Transmission technologies have been CALL CEN TRE SIM / SM D AGEN T using IP Datacasting (IPDC). DVB-T controlled by the mobile M OBILE DEVICE specifically designed to ensure quality and reliability, frequencies (VHF and UHF TV) are used for while addressing issues such as mobility and the operator, ensuring that his PERSONALIZATION this service. revenue stream is SYSTEM limited battery life of mobile devices. Among these SM A RT CA RD SIM new mobile broadcasting technologies currently A major challenge today is the availability of protected. SM D available, DVB-H is forecast to be the dominant spectrum. T-DMB networks can be deployed on · It provides a single entity one. frequencies reserved for Digital Audio that is responsible for Conditional Access Technology for Mobile Broadcasting (DAB) services. For DVB-H system security. This entity will investigate Regardless of the network technology employed, The basis of a CA system relies on the digital networks, there is a very complex situation where, in piracy attacks and restore system security in the Mobile Broadcasting Services or Mobile TV television stream being scrambled with a secret key. many countries, spectrum earmarked for DVB-H event that a breach occurs. In 18Crypt (and in promises new revenue opportunities. These The secret key is then protected and transmitted services has to first be cleared of existing services OMA DRM in general), the response to a services however, require a more robust and along with the scrambled signal. In the receiver, the e.g. analogue TV, before DVB-H services can be security breach is to revoke the entire sophisticated content protection system than for secret key is retrieved only if the user's access- launched. This may delay the “roll-out” of DVB-H population of devices in which a security breach DRM because of the “one-to-many” nature of granting criteria are met. This method is a secure and give T-DMB networks an advantage. occurs; this is commercially infeasible once a broadcasting. and proven technology, as it has been deployed and Service & Content Protection for DVB-H large number of devices has been deployed.

V-4 V-5 SERVICE & CONTENT PROTECTION Conditional Access (CA) technology has been The DVB ad hoc group Convergence of Broadcast · OSF provides the ability to replace the secure FOR MOBILE TELEVISION successful at securing the revenue streams of and Mobile Services (CBMS), defines the components of the device if the system is Introduction content providers for many years in the traditional specifications for the delivery of IP-based services successfully attacked (in the form of either a In general, mobile media networks need to provide Pay-TV industry (terrestrial, cable or satellite). A over DVB-H networks. It specifies coding formats, downloadable replacement applet, or a sufficient capacity for live audio and video streams, CA system aims at enabling access to a service for Electronic Service Guide (ESG) creation, multicast replacement SIM card). This is less expensive at a quality suitable for Personal Digital Assistant paying viewers only. Content can be purchased in file delivery and service purchase & protection. than replacing the whole handset (for 18Crypt). (PDA) type devices. Users expect a downstream packages, a la carte or on a Pay Per View (PPV) basis. There are currently two approaches to securing · OSF offers flexibility and differentiation. The data rate of approximately 200 400 kb/s, rather Standards DVB mobile broadcasting services. Both are part OSF model allows regionalisation of Key than the 64 kb/s that mobile phones currently Broadcasting Technology of the ETSI TS 102 474 v1.1.1 specification (also Management System (KMS) implementations provide. The two most popular industry standards in the referred as the DVB Bluebook A100, Dec. 2005). and it supports customisable business models. Television-style (non-broadcast) content has been mobile broadcasting field are: · Open Security Framework (OSF) · It is more widely supported by operators, available to mobile phone users since early-2005 via · Digital Mobile Broadcasting (T-DMB & S- This standard is based on Conditional Access broadcasters and the device manufacturers. 2.5G and 3G networks. Although these mobile DMB) technology and is tailored for mobile Content providers are familiar and comfortable networks are optimised for the point-to-point environments. It uses a secure hardware client with CA technology. Obtaining premium delivery of content, they are not suitable for the DMB is a video and audio broadcasting component, which can be the mobile operator's content is easier for CA-based operators, mass distribution of the same content, because technology that provides broadcasting services (U)SIM card. compared to DRM-based broadcasting each mobile receiver must be provided with its own to portable devices and mobile phones via deployments. terrestrial transmitters (T-DMB). It is based on · 18Crypt receive bandwidth. In a situation where many users This standard is based on OMA DRM 2.0 with the Eureka 147 Digital Audio Broadcasting · OSF offers the possibility to SimulCrypt. This try to simultaneously consume the same data at the extensions to support broadcasting. It is purely (DAB) standard (also known as ITU-R Digital technique allows different operators the same location, a provider could run out of a device software based solution. System A). T-DMB adds video support and text freedom to select different CA systems for a bandwidth. In a Universal Mobile Telecomm- common broadcasting platform. SimulCrypt unications System (UMTS) cell for example, the broadcasting to the DAB standard. Irdeto believes that the OSF approach is superior for the following reasons: allows Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) in maximum data rate for all users combined is Satellite DMB (S-DMB) is based on the ITU-R this situation to deploy their own CA system, · It provides robust security as a result of the approximately 2 Mb/s. This means that a cell's Digital System E technical specification. It uses without having to share this core component features built into its Java SIM platforms. It is a serving capacity is exhausted when more than 31 a satellite, together with terrestrial repeaters, to with their competitors. services at 64 kb/s, or 15 services at 128 kb/s, or 7 achieve wide-area coverage for mobile TV. proven approach and implements the security techniques developed in services at 256 kb/s are simultaneously demanded. · Digital Video Broadcasting Handhelds combating piracy in Pay- New mobile broadcasting technologies, on the (DVB-H) SCRAM BLER MU LTIPLEXER DE-M ULTIPLEXER DE-SCRAM BLER other hand, provide solutions to alleviate these TV applications. The OSF DVB-H is a global standard based on the DVB- ECM S ECM S bandwidth restrictions on content delivery. It is solution is ported onto a EM M S EM M S CW RECOVERY T (Terrestrial) broadcasting standard, with an SYSTEM (U)SIM to carry the ENCRYPTION now possible to broadcast real-time TV content to extension to provide support for mobile SYSTEM mobile devices through a separate and dedicated security applet. The devices. It delivers content in broadcast mode SUBSCRIBER (U)SIM is owned and AUTHORISATION SYSTEM ( SA S) network. Transmission technologies have been CALL CEN TRE SIM / SM D AGEN T using IP Datacasting (IPDC). DVB-T controlled by the mobile M OBILE DEVICE specifically designed to ensure quality and reliability, frequencies (VHF and UHF TV) are used for while addressing issues such as mobility and the operator, ensuring that his PERSONALIZATION this service. revenue stream is SYSTEM limited battery life of mobile devices. Among these SM A RT CA RD SIM new mobile broadcasting technologies currently A major challenge today is the availability of protected. SM D available, DVB-H is forecast to be the dominant spectrum. T-DMB networks can be deployed on · It provides a single entity one. frequencies reserved for Digital Audio that is responsible for Conditional Access Technology for Mobile Broadcasting (DAB) services. For DVB-H system security. This entity will investigate Regardless of the network technology employed, The basis of a CA system relies on the digital networks, there is a very complex situation where, in piracy attacks and restore system security in the Mobile Broadcasting Services or Mobile TV television stream being scrambled with a secret key. many countries, spectrum earmarked for DVB-H event that a breach occurs. In 18Crypt (and in promises new revenue opportunities. These The secret key is then protected and transmitted services has to first be cleared of existing services OMA DRM in general), the response to a services however, require a more robust and along with the scrambled signal. In the receiver, the e.g. analogue TV, before DVB-H services can be security breach is to revoke the entire sophisticated content protection system than for secret key is retrieved only if the user's access- launched. This may delay the “roll-out” of DVB-H population of devices in which a security breach DRM because of the “one-to-many” nature of granting criteria are met. This method is a secure and give T-DMB networks an advantage. occurs; this is commercially infeasible once a broadcasting. and proven technology, as it has been deployed and Service & Content Protection for DVB-H large number of devices has been deployed.

V-4 V-5 refined in Pay-TV CA systems for many years. The (U)SIM can be used (as an alternative to a separate CA system offers a broad range of subscription SMD). models to meet operators' requirements and The (U)SIM is a tamper-resistant device that business models. provides all security related processing. It offers the The diagram below shows how the CA system following benefits to operators: elements are integrated into a typical mobile · A high degree of control over access to the broadcasting chain: mobile broadcast services. The mobile operator The CA system provides control of access to the retains full ownership of his subscriber base. mobile broadcasting service. It interfaces with · An easy-to-manage customer relationship. subscriber management and service management Customer management and service systems. It also provides encryption keys to the provisioning can be provided by the Over The scramblers, enabling the scrambling of content Air (OTA) server. In addition, security prior to its play-out as a broadcast stream. Irdeto T-DMB upgrades can be managed without swapping PIsys has been engineered to be configurable, has developed and patented CA system techniques terminals or causing customer inconvenience. that not only reduce bandwidth consumption but The broadcast content, in MPEG-2 Single maintained and monitored with just a few easy-to- also improve security integrity, while managing · Shorter handset integration times. Programme Transport Stream (SPST) format, is use screens. Internal diagnostics and on-screen several million mobile subscribers. Typical Head-end Architectures first scrambled (AES algorithm) and is then applied problem detection simplify its operation. A typical via the Stream channel to the DAB Ensemble Pisys Monitoring Console screenshot is shown The following diagram provides a conceptual DVB-H multiplexer. The DAB frames are then transmitted below: overview of the scrambling and descrambling over the T-DMB network. process: Irdeto's Experience in Mobile TV In 2003, Irdeto signed the world's first mobile CA contract with SK Telecom of Korea (later re- organised as TU Media). It introduced the S-DMB system for broadcasting video, audio and data to various types of mobile receivers (mobile phones, portable receivers, PDAs and in-car devices), supplied by leading manufacturers (Motorola, Samsung, LG, etc.). TU Media currently offers 15 TV channels and 19 radio channels to more than 40 different types of S-DMB receivers. This is currently the largest mobile broadcasting operation Content is conveyed to the end-user via the The live TV content is first encoded in H.264/AAC worldwide, with more than 750,000 subscribers network, after scrambling at the head-end. The format. It is then scrambled by using the S-DMB (September 2006) since its commercial launch in keys used to scramble the content (Control Words) ISMACryp scrambling algorithm. The scrambled May 2005. are encrypted and embedded within the transmitted The broadcast content is first encoded into content and the encrypted messages (ECMs and Irdeto has since invested significantly in research, stream in the form of Entitlement Control H.264/AAC format. Two 256 kb/s streams are EMMs) are encapsulated into MPEG-2 transport development and acquisitions in the mobile content Messages (ECMs). Encrypted end-user produced by the encoder. Each feeds a separate packets by the IP Encapsulator before transmission protection field. The mobile CA solution for S- authorisations (entitlements) are conveyed to the scrambler (CSA algorithm). The scrambled over the DVB-H network. DMB has been further enhanced and CA solutions device in the form of Entitlement Management outputs are then multiplexed before being have also been developed and implemented for T- Messages (EMMs). These EMMs can be conveyed In the receiver, all security-related computations are transmitted over the S-DMB network. performed by the Irdeto applet running in the DMB and DVB-H. Examples of recent Irdeto to the end-user either in-band (IB) in the DVB-H Irdeto PIsys CA System Mobile CA deployments are: signal, or out-of-band (OOB) SMSs (Short Message multi-application Java (U)SIM card. For devices Services) via the 3G/GSM network. that do not support a (U)SIM (e.g. CDMA phones, PIsys is a modular CA system that supports · T-DMB PDAs or Portable Multimedia Players), Irdeto can medium to large Pay-TV access control debitel (Germany); since its commercial launch The use of a secure hardware client component is supply a dedicated Surface Mount Device (SMD) to requirements. It provides the basis for in May 2006, an Irdeto CA solution has been critical to achieve a high level of security in the phone manufacturers. Irdeto's solution does not implementing a wide variety of business models for protecting content for this operation, offering 4 client. In a typical situation, the mobile operator's require return path support in the device. operators of broadcast, IP or mobile networks. TV channels and 2 DAB radio channels. Please

V-6 V-7 refined in Pay-TV CA systems for many years. The (U)SIM can be used (as an alternative to a separate CA system offers a broad range of subscription SMD). models to meet operators' requirements and The (U)SIM is a tamper-resistant device that business models. provides all security related processing. It offers the The diagram below shows how the CA system following benefits to operators: elements are integrated into a typical mobile · A high degree of control over access to the broadcasting chain: mobile broadcast services. The mobile operator The CA system provides control of access to the retains full ownership of his subscriber base. mobile broadcasting service. It interfaces with · An easy-to-manage customer relationship. subscriber management and service management Customer management and service systems. It also provides encryption keys to the provisioning can be provided by the Over The scramblers, enabling the scrambling of content Air (OTA) server. In addition, security prior to its play-out as a broadcast stream. Irdeto T-DMB upgrades can be managed without swapping PIsys has been engineered to be configurable, has developed and patented CA system techniques terminals or causing customer inconvenience. that not only reduce bandwidth consumption but The broadcast content, in MPEG-2 Single maintained and monitored with just a few easy-to- also improve security integrity, while managing · Shorter handset integration times. Programme Transport Stream (SPST) format, is use screens. Internal diagnostics and on-screen several million mobile subscribers. Typical Head-end Architectures first scrambled (AES algorithm) and is then applied problem detection simplify its operation. A typical via the Stream channel to the DAB Ensemble Pisys Monitoring Console screenshot is shown The following diagram provides a conceptual DVB-H multiplexer. The DAB frames are then transmitted below: overview of the scrambling and descrambling over the T-DMB network. process: Irdeto's Experience in Mobile TV In 2003, Irdeto signed the world's first mobile CA contract with SK Telecom of Korea (later re- organised as TU Media). It introduced the S-DMB system for broadcasting video, audio and data to various types of mobile receivers (mobile phones, portable receivers, PDAs and in-car devices), supplied by leading manufacturers (Motorola, Samsung, LG, etc.). TU Media currently offers 15 TV channels and 19 radio channels to more than 40 different types of S-DMB receivers. This is currently the largest mobile broadcasting operation Content is conveyed to the end-user via the The live TV content is first encoded in H.264/AAC worldwide, with more than 750,000 subscribers network, after scrambling at the head-end. The format. It is then scrambled by using the S-DMB (September 2006) since its commercial launch in keys used to scramble the content (Control Words) ISMACryp scrambling algorithm. The scrambled May 2005. are encrypted and embedded within the transmitted The broadcast content is first encoded into content and the encrypted messages (ECMs and Irdeto has since invested significantly in research, stream in the form of Entitlement Control H.264/AAC format. Two 256 kb/s streams are EMMs) are encapsulated into MPEG-2 transport development and acquisitions in the mobile content Messages (ECMs). Encrypted end-user produced by the encoder. Each feeds a separate packets by the IP Encapsulator before transmission protection field. The mobile CA solution for S- authorisations (entitlements) are conveyed to the scrambler (CSA algorithm). The scrambled over the DVB-H network. DMB has been further enhanced and CA solutions device in the form of Entitlement Management outputs are then multiplexed before being have also been developed and implemented for T- Messages (EMMs). These EMMs can be conveyed In the receiver, all security-related computations are transmitted over the S-DMB network. performed by the Irdeto applet running in the DMB and DVB-H. Examples of recent Irdeto to the end-user either in-band (IB) in the DVB-H Irdeto PIsys CA System Mobile CA deployments are: signal, or out-of-band (OOB) SMSs (Short Message multi-application Java (U)SIM card. For devices Services) via the 3G/GSM network. that do not support a (U)SIM (e.g. CDMA phones, PIsys is a modular CA system that supports · T-DMB PDAs or Portable Multimedia Players), Irdeto can medium to large Pay-TV access control debitel (Germany); since its commercial launch The use of a secure hardware client component is supply a dedicated Surface Mount Device (SMD) to requirements. It provides the basis for in May 2006, an Irdeto CA solution has been critical to achieve a high level of security in the phone manufacturers. Irdeto's solution does not implementing a wide variety of business models for protecting content for this operation, offering 4 client. In a typical situation, the mobile operator's require return path support in the device. operators of broadcast, IP or mobile networks. TV channels and 2 DAB radio channels. Please

V-6 V-7 refer to the press release link below for further In summary, the benefits Irdeto offers its customers Media asset management/digital archive details: are: www.irdeto.com/page.php?page_id=9&press · Peace of mind _id=52 Our CA/DRM content protection solutions are · DVB-H based on our field-proven security technology MultiChoice (South Africa). Please refer to the and processes. Only paying subscribers receive press release link below for further details: access to content, while on-going security www.irdeto.com/page.php?page_id=9&press_id= upgrades ensure that piracy attempts are 62 stopped before they affect revenues. Conclusion · Enhanced revenues Irdeto is the key that opens the door to This paper has provided an overview of the security enhanced content. Content providers know characteristics of typical mobile multimedia and trust the Irdeto name, allowing Irdeto- operations. Service and Content protection aligned operators to gain early access to systems are key enablers for delivering new revenue revenue-generating premium content. streams for mobile operators. Different business models and the nature of the content to be · Reduced costs distributed, will dictate whether a DRM or a CA Our CA/DRM security solutions mean lower system is to be deployed for a given content deployment costs and a quicker time to market protection situation. through the use of simple interfaces and pre- Our secure technical solutions, coupled with our integration with leading industry vendors. on-going security support, ensure that each Irdeto Efficient use of CA/DRM system bandwidth operator is able to meet his business goals in the yields additional savings. most effective manner. For further details on Irdeto's products and services, please visit our website at: Mr. PH. Cheung http://www.irdeto.com. Sony, Hongkong

ABOUT THE SPEAKER Abstract Norman Lievaart is a technical consultant at Irdeto Access, where he provides support to the pre- This article presents an overview on what is a Media Asset Management System and why broadcasters are looking for such a sales operation. Prior to working for various companies in the Naspers group, he worked as a system. The main reason for such a system arises from the need of keeping library materials in a centralized location and be able technical specialist in the field of broadcast transmission engineering. He is a registered to browse/pre-view the library materials via a network. Another key point is to enable the broadcasters to re-produce and re- professional engineer and also holds a business management diploma. purpose the library materials. A small system is explained in order to illustrate the key elements in the MAM system.

V-8 V-9 refer to the press release link below for further In summary, the benefits Irdeto offers its customers Media asset management/digital archive details: are: www.irdeto.com/page.php?page_id=9&press · Peace of mind _id=52 Our CA/DRM content protection solutions are · DVB-H based on our field-proven security technology MultiChoice (South Africa). Please refer to the and processes. Only paying subscribers receive press release link below for further details: access to content, while on-going security www.irdeto.com/page.php?page_id=9&press_id= upgrades ensure that piracy attempts are 62 stopped before they affect revenues. Conclusion · Enhanced revenues Irdeto is the key that opens the door to This paper has provided an overview of the security enhanced content. Content providers know characteristics of typical mobile multimedia and trust the Irdeto name, allowing Irdeto- operations. Service and Content protection aligned operators to gain early access to systems are key enablers for delivering new revenue revenue-generating premium content. streams for mobile operators. Different business models and the nature of the content to be · Reduced costs distributed, will dictate whether a DRM or a CA Our CA/DRM security solutions mean lower system is to be deployed for a given content deployment costs and a quicker time to market protection situation. through the use of simple interfaces and pre- Our secure technical solutions, coupled with our integration with leading industry vendors. on-going security support, ensure that each Irdeto Efficient use of CA/DRM system bandwidth operator is able to meet his business goals in the yields additional savings. most effective manner. For further details on Irdeto's products and services, please visit our website at: Mr. PH. Cheung http://www.irdeto.com. Sony, Hongkong

V-8 V-9 Media asset management/digital archive Key features of a MAM for broadcasters: Windows XP Integrated MAMS system with already installed Windows 2003 server Media Asset Management (MAM) is an end-to- 100% software based and should be able to run on server based system; Microsoft SQL 2005 end product for the management of any type of any computer network. Frame accurate video ingest to MPEG-2 and The system should also use IP standard protocols digital media and the delivery of content on MAM should be able to track the usage and MPEG-4 standards; and must include the compatibility with the multiple platforms in real time. MAM system location of any asset. Assets can be searched by any Restoring and preserving deteriorating video upcoming Windows Vista. should allow the broadcasters to maximize the specified category of metadata, including the asset quality (of Video tape) ; revenue generated by the asset, i.e. the ability to format, description, keywords or unique ID. In A.3 The Storage Support for storing, i.e. archiving, large MPEG files “reproduce” or “repurpose” the archived contents. order to allow easy system expandability the facility There are two main types of storages: on to Disks, Tapes or Optical Discs. MAM answers complex, yet common business to add new customized categories of metadata A.3.1 Video Systems problems that we are facing and can be integrated which can also be instantly searched must also be Easily identifiable labels for tapes using Catalogue Video systems today allow broadcasters to do more with existing systems and scaled for the following provided. These customized keypads should also be with Unique Mat. IDs; that just record and playback video/audio; but also industry fields: mapped to other metadata standards enabling the allow the users to edit, use and re-use the video Broadcasting end user to conform to certain standards without material and associated metadata. One such system is the Sony Sonaps, a scalable modular system with Telecommunications limiting the data that will be stored. MAM must components such as video server, software to News gathering agencies support natively all the contents of the SMPTE manage the material, a video editing system and a Corporate content management dictionary plus any extension. news editor to name a few. These components make Multimedia libraries MAM should provide automated ingestion and programme production faster and better while encoding process should enable specific content Electronic commerce of content providing a system enabling the reuse of material from a multitude of different sources (including Picture and Image agencies thereby reducing costs. Marketing and Advertising agencies VTR, live satellite feeds, terrestrial transmissions, Printing and Publishing studios, editing suites, VTR, etc.) to be digitized in A.3.2 Archive the any format and entered directly in to the main An Archive Storage provides services and functions database without user intervention. As assets are for long term data storage. Most archive storage Improved material administration and operations ingested, they will appear in real time in the system systems support hierarchical system model (HSM), for storage, retrieval and transfer interface, enabling the fast access and transfer of recommended by IEEE, as it is more economical to video assets around the world using the Internet or Be able to incorporate latest search engine use. Despite all advances in hard disk and CD satellite. technologies such as advanced video material media, tape is still the cheapest media. It is searching using audio-to-text and picture- important for this entity to support “Exercising” MAM should be able to store video and audio recognition; and “Refreshing” functions. Though, some of the material over long periods of time. To accommodate customer specific features to latest storage tapes, such as SONY SAIT tapes, do MAM should be able to restore old/aged and migrate old material to new formats not require direct 'refreshing' of data, many old tape damaged tape-tracking tapes. media require these functions. The refreshing and MAM systems allow the users to upload, store, A.1 Why broadcasters need MAM exercising functions help retain analogue and digital catalog and manage the broadcaster's digital assets MAM manages, ingests, manipulates and trades the data on tapes for longer periods of time. Main business driver for television broadcasters to for use and reuse. Companies use digital asset contents of digital archives centrally and it can take install MAM systems at their stations is to preserve management to protect their assets, increase An archive is a large data storage system accessible care of on-air transmission, if needed. aging videotapes and in some cases, film. Video efficiency, reduce costs and maximize revenue. through high-speed network connections. In digital MAM should employ proven database platforms in tapes, aged more than fifteen years or so, require MAM uses database technologies to provide content management systems, these systems order to provide a stable and secure system for the special care and attention to retain good quality customers with ways to quickly search and access typically store video assets as compressed video access of any asset and related metadata inside the video image. The only way to preserve the decaying video assets. files. MAM. video material for longer periods is to restore it to A.2 IT technologies In the broadcast operations, “Archive” is one of the MAM system must be able to be scaled to any level, latest digital videotape formats. Secondly, direct The system must be based on common and common and hot issues. In term of recording from small in-house asset management systems, to access to the archive material using search and standard IT technologies in order to reduce the cost media, there are ways to solve the issue, like optical globally distributed sites with the ability to trade, browse features help improve productivity at of ownership and easy expansion in the future. The disc, hard disk, digital VTR, data tape, and so forth. television network stations. track and ingest new assets. The solution should be most preferred OS is to use Microsoft products like: The Archive should be based on standard IT technologies and should be file-based. V-10 V-11 Media asset management/digital archive Key features of a MAM for broadcasters: Windows XP Integrated MAMS system with already installed Windows 2003 server Media Asset Management (MAM) is an end-to- 100% software based and should be able to run on server based system; Microsoft SQL 2005 end product for the management of any type of any computer network. Frame accurate video ingest to MPEG-2 and The system should also use IP standard protocols digital media and the delivery of content on MAM should be able to track the usage and MPEG-4 standards; and must include the compatibility with the multiple platforms in real time. MAM system location of any asset. Assets can be searched by any Restoring and preserving deteriorating video upcoming Windows Vista. should allow the broadcasters to maximize the specified category of metadata, including the asset quality (of Video tape) ; revenue generated by the asset, i.e. the ability to format, description, keywords or unique ID. In A.3 The Storage Support for storing, i.e. archiving, large MPEG files “reproduce” or “repurpose” the archived contents. order to allow easy system expandability the facility There are two main types of storages: on to Disks, Tapes or Optical Discs. MAM answers complex, yet common business to add new customized categories of metadata A.3.1 Video Systems problems that we are facing and can be integrated which can also be instantly searched must also be Easily identifiable labels for tapes using Catalogue Video systems today allow broadcasters to do more with existing systems and scaled for the following provided. These customized keypads should also be with Unique Mat. IDs; that just record and playback video/audio; but also industry fields: mapped to other metadata standards enabling the allow the users to edit, use and re-use the video Broadcasting end user to conform to certain standards without material and associated metadata. One such system is the Sony Sonaps, a scalable modular system with Telecommunications limiting the data that will be stored. MAM must components such as video server, software to News gathering agencies support natively all the contents of the SMPTE manage the material, a video editing system and a Corporate content management dictionary plus any extension. news editor to name a few. These components make Multimedia libraries MAM should provide automated ingestion and programme production faster and better while encoding process should enable specific content Electronic commerce of content providing a system enabling the reuse of material from a multitude of different sources (including Picture and Image agencies thereby reducing costs. Marketing and Advertising agencies VTR, live satellite feeds, terrestrial transmissions, Printing and Publishing studios, editing suites, VTR, etc.) to be digitized in A.3.2 Archive the any format and entered directly in to the main An Archive Storage provides services and functions database without user intervention. As assets are for long term data storage. Most archive storage Improved material administration and operations ingested, they will appear in real time in the system systems support hierarchical system model (HSM), for storage, retrieval and transfer interface, enabling the fast access and transfer of recommended by IEEE, as it is more economical to video assets around the world using the Internet or Be able to incorporate latest search engine use. Despite all advances in hard disk and CD satellite. technologies such as advanced video material media, tape is still the cheapest media. It is searching using audio-to-text and picture- important for this entity to support “Exercising” MAM should be able to store video and audio recognition; and “Refreshing” functions. Though, some of the material over long periods of time. To accommodate customer specific features to latest storage tapes, such as SONY SAIT tapes, do MAM should be able to restore old/aged and migrate old material to new formats not require direct 'refreshing' of data, many old tape damaged tape-tracking tapes. media require these functions. The refreshing and MAM systems allow the users to upload, store, A.1 Why broadcasters need MAM exercising functions help retain analogue and digital catalog and manage the broadcaster's digital assets MAM manages, ingests, manipulates and trades the data on tapes for longer periods of time. Main business driver for television broadcasters to for use and reuse. Companies use digital asset contents of digital archives centrally and it can take install MAM systems at their stations is to preserve management to protect their assets, increase An archive is a large data storage system accessible care of on-air transmission, if needed. aging videotapes and in some cases, film. Video efficiency, reduce costs and maximize revenue. through high-speed network connections. In digital MAM should employ proven database platforms in tapes, aged more than fifteen years or so, require MAM uses database technologies to provide content management systems, these systems order to provide a stable and secure system for the special care and attention to retain good quality customers with ways to quickly search and access typically store video assets as compressed video access of any asset and related metadata inside the video image. The only way to preserve the decaying video assets. files. MAM. video material for longer periods is to restore it to A.2 IT technologies In the broadcast operations, “Archive” is one of the MAM system must be able to be scaled to any level, latest digital videotape formats. Secondly, direct The system must be based on common and common and hot issues. In term of recording from small in-house asset management systems, to access to the archive material using search and standard IT technologies in order to reduce the cost media, there are ways to solve the issue, like optical globally distributed sites with the ability to trade, browse features help improve productivity at of ownership and easy expansion in the future. The disc, hard disk, digital VTR, data tape, and so forth. television network stations. track and ingest new assets. The solution should be most preferred OS is to use Microsoft products like: The Archive should be based on standard IT technologies and should be file-based. V-10 V-11 The Benefits of having a networked storage are: heart of all the project and they will remain for the The low-res copies are kept in the disk array, while 1. Material is preserved because they are kept as a future and they will be the real value of the project. the hi-res is stored in the SAIT tapes and the tapes file, no multi-generations signal degradation for A.4.1 Metadata dictionary are kept on the shelf. material dubbing. SMPTE has done a very complex and interesting B.2 PetaSite archive 2. A centralized database will be created and all activity creating a metadata standard, or better a This diagram shows a system where all the video is relevant metadata can be included. Dictionary. stored on a PetaSite library 3. Material can easily be used. Stored materials can Metadata elements are listed under six distinct B.3 XDCAM Cart archive be constantly and randomly accessed at any time by classes of Identification; Administration; In this example an XDCAM Cart is used as the any user terminal connected to the network. Interpretation; Parametric; Process; Relational; archive device. Spacio-Temporal. Two further classes are reserved C. The Workflow for the small SAIT archive 4. Improved security. All material access will be for Organisationally Registered Metadata and one managed centrally. for Experimental use. C.1 Ingest The storage can include both hard disks and tapes These classes are further broken down under have a Metadata map system. This is to allow the Accepts requests for submitting archive material such as Sony's PetaSite and XDCAM Cart. Multi Nodes, which are again for management purposes mapping of the structure with the proprietary and schedules the archive task together with proxy libraries environment should be managed as a single only. metadata fields and vice versa. This flexible material and Metadata (descriptive) information. It entity and multi level cache management should be is also responsible for quality assurance. included. Each Metadata element is listed by Name, with a Definition of what it is, its data type, length, A.4 The Metadata reference to existing standards where appropriate What does generate a value on re-purposing and a unique 16 byte Key, of which the first eight contents? Metadata will be the key element for re- bytes identify the Dictionary and Version where the purposing contents. Registered metadata of metadata element first appeared. The second eight contents in archive database, such as title, bytes identify the particular metadata element. descriptions, duration, time code information, A full explanation is contained in SMPTE Standard copyrights, etc, is the fundamental key for asset. "Metadata Dictionary Structure" (SMPTE 335M- When archive database is opened and show a 2000). Although the SMPTE Standard may not be contents list with metadata through internet to able to address the broadcaster's requirements but it contents users, metadata will give necessary is a good starting point. The use of SMPTE information to users and protect copyrights and C.1.1 FTP based ingest standard will allow us to follow any possible future conversion filter will also interface with the external income of contents providers. The ftp based ingest is used with e-VTR and changes of the metadata. world. Furthermore, metadata exchanging has to be XDCAM to acquire video in MXF format natively. A.4.2 Metadata insert B. Working examples/Systems MXF files at selectable data rate from 4Mbps to considered. Since contents can be exchanged A standard catalog schema must be one of the goals B.1 SAIT archive between many kinds of applications, such as 50Mbps with both 4:2:0 or 4:2:2 formats. During for the MAM system. A standard catalog schema This diagram shows an example of a small MAM the ingest metadata can be inserted. newsroom computer, transmission automation, will avoid different cataloguing when different System based on SAIT technology to store video. DVD authoring system and so on, metadata should operators create the metadata for the same asset. be designed to be exchangeable. MAM system must force the user to use a pre- MetaData management Descriptive information defined set of metadata for each scenario. This is and low-resolution images of ingest (source) normally achieved by using a predefined set of material and database scheme are supported within keywords for each scenario. Also the use of a this entity. End-users can ask queries from this reference to a people database instead of writing the entity and access the proxy and archive material data must be enforced. This will allow a uniform with unique identifiers. Each information object in catalogue set. OAIS has reference (unique Identifiers), context, provenance (source details) and fixity (guard against A.4.3 Metadata exchange alterations) information. This information helps Exchange of metadata is an endless story. If all the building a sound database for each archive material subsystems use the SMPTE standard it's easy, but over long period of time. Metadata IDs are the when you go on proprietary interfaces, you must

V-12 V-13 The Benefits of having a networked storage are: heart of all the project and they will remain for the The low-res copies are kept in the disk array, while 1. Material is preserved because they are kept as a future and they will be the real value of the project. the hi-res is stored in the SAIT tapes and the tapes file, no multi-generations signal degradation for A.4.1 Metadata dictionary are kept on the shelf. material dubbing. SMPTE has done a very complex and interesting B.2 PetaSite archive 2. A centralized database will be created and all activity creating a metadata standard, or better a This diagram shows a system where all the video is relevant metadata can be included. Dictionary. stored on a PetaSite library 3. Material can easily be used. Stored materials can Metadata elements are listed under six distinct B.3 XDCAM Cart archive be constantly and randomly accessed at any time by classes of Identification; Administration; In this example an XDCAM Cart is used as the any user terminal connected to the network. Interpretation; Parametric; Process; Relational; archive device. Spacio-Temporal. Two further classes are reserved C. The Workflow for the small SAIT archive 4. Improved security. All material access will be for Organisationally Registered Metadata and one managed centrally. for Experimental use. C.1 Ingest The storage can include both hard disks and tapes These classes are further broken down under have a Metadata map system. This is to allow the Accepts requests for submitting archive material such as Sony's PetaSite and XDCAM Cart. Multi Nodes, which are again for management purposes mapping of the structure with the proprietary and schedules the archive task together with proxy libraries environment should be managed as a single only. metadata fields and vice versa. This flexible material and Metadata (descriptive) information. It entity and multi level cache management should be is also responsible for quality assurance. included. Each Metadata element is listed by Name, with a Definition of what it is, its data type, length, A.4 The Metadata reference to existing standards where appropriate What does generate a value on re-purposing and a unique 16 byte Key, of which the first eight contents? Metadata will be the key element for re- bytes identify the Dictionary and Version where the purposing contents. Registered metadata of metadata element first appeared. The second eight contents in archive database, such as title, bytes identify the particular metadata element. descriptions, duration, time code information, A full explanation is contained in SMPTE Standard copyrights, etc, is the fundamental key for asset. "Metadata Dictionary Structure" (SMPTE 335M- When archive database is opened and show a 2000). Although the SMPTE Standard may not be contents list with metadata through internet to able to address the broadcaster's requirements but it contents users, metadata will give necessary is a good starting point. The use of SMPTE information to users and protect copyrights and C.1.1 FTP based ingest standard will allow us to follow any possible future conversion filter will also interface with the external income of contents providers. The ftp based ingest is used with e-VTR and changes of the metadata. world. Furthermore, metadata exchanging has to be XDCAM to acquire video in MXF format natively. A.4.2 Metadata insert B. Working examples/Systems MXF files at selectable data rate from 4Mbps to considered. Since contents can be exchanged A standard catalog schema must be one of the goals B.1 SAIT archive between many kinds of applications, such as 50Mbps with both 4:2:0 or 4:2:2 formats. During for the MAM system. A standard catalog schema This diagram shows an example of a small MAM the ingest metadata can be inserted. newsroom computer, transmission automation, will avoid different cataloguing when different System based on SAIT technology to store video. DVD authoring system and so on, metadata should operators create the metadata for the same asset. be designed to be exchangeable. MAM system must force the user to use a pre- MetaData management Descriptive information defined set of metadata for each scenario. This is and low-resolution images of ingest (source) normally achieved by using a predefined set of material and database scheme are supported within keywords for each scenario. Also the use of a this entity. End-users can ask queries from this reference to a people database instead of writing the entity and access the proxy and archive material data must be enforced. This will allow a uniform with unique identifiers. Each information object in catalogue set. OAIS has reference (unique Identifiers), context, provenance (source details) and fixity (guard against A.4.3 Metadata exchange alterations) information. This information helps Exchange of metadata is an endless story. If all the building a sound database for each archive material subsystems use the SMPTE standard it's easy, but over long period of time. Metadata IDs are the when you go on proprietary interfaces, you must

V-12 V-13 C.1.2 SDI based ingest has approved a step; when and where the user system should base on a cluster and reside SDI based ingest is used with legacy products or logged in, etc.). in a DMZ so that it can be safely when noise reduction must be applied. The same C.4 Browsing connected to the external world. system should also be able to dub materials to tape. The browsing system should be based on C.8 Retrieve the video to be on air C.1.3 Videotape library commonly available platform such as WMV The operator needs to prepare the The database should organize barcode and track all format. The transcoder must be designed for a schedule. A coloured icon on the schedule the videotape library content. minimum delay of the browsing video availability. will appear in order to alert the operator C.2 Insert the metadata The MAM and the browsing system must support a that the required video is not in the server; During the ingest process the operator must Ingest multiple resolution browsing system. The browsing and it will be downloaded from the the Metadata. The metadata will follow a defined video must be distributed using an advanced archive. After the required material has structure. Each asset type can follow a different streaming protocol as MMS. Some browsing copies been downloaded the icon will disappear, structure. The metadata will be the keys for the will be produced with a superimposed copy and the system is ready to be on air. The following search and retrieve functions. protection logo. Etere Media Manger has a selectable window to choose how many hours or C.3 Follow the workflow C.5 Retrieve the video as tape days it needs to explore before download. Since the archive is a permanent asset of the station, The video can be searched using all the metadata In sometimes it is necessary to have content approval. the database, it can be previewed from the low-res C.9 Rights Management proxy system. Once it's selected it can be copied on In addition to the rights in the SMPTE A workflow, using ETERE as an example, can be to a tape or downloaded with a simple click on the dictionary A simple but effective subset of attached to the Asset, so quality and content control associated icon.The download process can also rights information should also be can be forced before the video can be used. Any associate an EDL to the video, and a 'censored' tape provided. step can be related to the office or person in charge can be created from an uncensored material. in order to define forward and backward actions according to specific steps. Any step can be related Every 'Cut only' function can be addressed , as in to a possible range of actions. A list of all possible the example, by ETERE, without the use of any actions is provided and let the user to choose what external NLE. to enable or disable in relation to each step. The C.6 Retrieve the video from NLE supervisor can always obtain details of the process The video can be searched using all the metadata in history and everything is under control. (e.g.: who the database, it can be previewed from the low res proxy system, a small playlist can be created and video and playlist can be downloaded to the local drive of the NLE ABOUT THE SPEAKER C.7 Web interface PH Cheung is currently employed by Sony Corporation of Hong Kong Ltd. as the department A web interface must be manager of the networked products and project management department. His main used to search and retrieve responsibilities include the sales and marketing of Sony’s Sonaps, XPRI, XDCAM Cart, PetaSite. from inside an editing Mr Cheung has been working in the field of TV broadcasting for more than 25 years. His working system, using a simple experience includes TV stations, teaching (at post secondary level), sales and marketing and system browser. From the web integration. Mr Cheung was the project leader for the setting up of the China Central Television interface it is possible to facilities for the Hong Kong Return to China Ceremony in 1997; and also as the project leader for search video segments and the setting up of the Host Broadcaster’s facilities for the Macau Return to China Ceremony in 1999. create a playlist. The playlist Mr Cheung received a MSc from the University of Manchester Institute of Science and and the video must be Technology, UK. He is a Chartered Engineer, Chartered Professional Engineer, European downloaded on the editing Engineer and Registered Professional Engineer in Hong Kong. He is also sit on the management system using standard committee of the SMPTE (HK) section. protocols. To increase the [email protected] security level the web Tel: (852) 2909 1111

V-14 V-15 C.1.2 SDI based ingest has approved a step; when and where the user system should base on a cluster and reside SDI based ingest is used with legacy products or logged in, etc.). in a DMZ so that it can be safely when noise reduction must be applied. The same C.4 Browsing connected to the external world. system should also be able to dub materials to tape. The browsing system should be based on C.8 Retrieve the video to be on air C.1.3 Videotape library commonly available platform such as WMV The operator needs to prepare the The database should organize barcode and track all format. The transcoder must be designed for a schedule. A coloured icon on the schedule the videotape library content. minimum delay of the browsing video availability. will appear in order to alert the operator C.2 Insert the metadata The MAM and the browsing system must support a that the required video is not in the server; During the ingest process the operator must Ingest multiple resolution browsing system. The browsing and it will be downloaded from the the Metadata. The metadata will follow a defined video must be distributed using an advanced archive. After the required material has structure. Each asset type can follow a different streaming protocol as MMS. Some browsing copies been downloaded the icon will disappear, structure. The metadata will be the keys for the will be produced with a superimposed copy and the system is ready to be on air. The following search and retrieve functions. protection logo. Etere Media Manger has a selectable window to choose how many hours or C.3 Follow the workflow C.5 Retrieve the video as tape days it needs to explore before download. Since the archive is a permanent asset of the station, The video can be searched using all the metadata In sometimes it is necessary to have content approval. the database, it can be previewed from the low-res C.9 Rights Management proxy system. Once it's selected it can be copied on In addition to the rights in the SMPTE A workflow, using ETERE as an example, can be to a tape or downloaded with a simple click on the dictionary A simple but effective subset of attached to the Asset, so quality and content control associated icon.The download process can also rights information should also be can be forced before the video can be used. Any associate an EDL to the video, and a 'censored' tape provided. step can be related to the office or person in charge can be created from an uncensored material. in order to define forward and backward actions according to specific steps. Any step can be related Every 'Cut only' function can be addressed , as in to a possible range of actions. A list of all possible the example, by ETERE, without the use of any actions is provided and let the user to choose what external NLE. to enable or disable in relation to each step. The C.6 Retrieve the video from NLE supervisor can always obtain details of the process The video can be searched using all the metadata in history and everything is under control. (e.g.: who the database, it can be previewed from the low res proxy system, a small playlist can be created and video and playlist can be downloaded to the local drive of the NLE ABOUT THE SPEAKER C.7 Web interface PH Cheung is currently employed by Sony Corporation of Hong Kong Ltd. as the department A web interface must be manager of the networked products and project management department. His main used to search and retrieve responsibilities include the sales and marketing of Sony’s Sonaps, XPRI, XDCAM Cart, PetaSite. from inside an editing Mr Cheung has been working in the field of TV broadcasting for more than 25 years. His working system, using a simple experience includes TV stations, teaching (at post secondary level), sales and marketing and system browser. From the web integration. Mr Cheung was the project leader for the setting up of the China Central Television interface it is possible to facilities for the Hong Kong Return to China Ceremony in 1997; and also as the project leader for search video segments and the setting up of the Host Broadcaster’s facilities for the Macau Return to China Ceremony in 1999. create a playlist. The playlist Mr Cheung received a MSc from the University of Manchester Institute of Science and and the video must be Technology, UK. He is a Chartered Engineer, Chartered Professional Engineer, European downloaded on the editing Engineer and Registered Professional Engineer in Hong Kong. He is also sit on the management system using standard committee of the SMPTE (HK) section. protocols. To increase the [email protected] security level the web Tel: (852) 2909 1111

V-14 V-15 File based (tape less) Workflow/automation

Mr. Teo Gim Loo Panasonic, Singapore

Abstract

ENG succeeded because immediate playback was possible and film developing time & expense were saved. In recent years non- Linear editing has brought an extensive improvement to editing efficiency. in part due to the progress of IT Technology in storage capacity, and the dramatic improvement of CPU performance. By replacing the digital VTR with P2 semicanductor memory it is possible to achieve a fast, efficient and rugged system that can be used in harsh environment.

V-17 File based (tape less) Workflow/automation

Mr. Teo Gim Loo Panasonic, Singapore

Abstract

V-17 File based (tape less) Workflow/automation (3) Enhanced interoperability and extensibility with A P2 card is comprised of 6 major electronic production systems by adopting XML as the components: four SD memory cards, a P2 control 1 Introduction environmental conditions is indispensable in a descriptive metadata file format. LSI, and the external connector. The PCMCIA Television news material started from 16mm film professional acquisition system. In this area, it is assembly consists of a rigid aluminum die-cast until 1970s when Electronic News Gathering, or more robust than conventional tape media, which 3 Structure of P2 card frame securely protects the 6 major parts and gives ENG, was first put into practical use by CBS required protection against dust, concern over dew 3.1 Outline robustness and high durability. Television's news gathering organization in the U.S. condensation, and the like. Although the capacity The P2 card was developed to satisfy the following ENG succeeded because immediate playback was of memory devices is not yet fully competitive, targets: The mechanical structure of a P2 card is shown in Fig. 3.1 possible and the film developing time and expense memory can expect a steady doubling and doubling (1) It must be able to be used in an environment of were saved, and became ubiquitous because again of capacity in only a few years. Finally, note severe temperature and humidity. The SD Unit is a sub-assembly consisting of a compact, high quality, and lower cost equipment that while the acquisition cost of memory is printed-circuit board, the P2 control LSI, four SD was developed. Despite the original development significantly higher (especially as compared to tape), (2) It should be impervious to vibration and shock, memory cards, an inner connector for those SD of ENG for newsgathering, this type of equipment the cards can be treated as an asset, and users are compared with videotape cassettes and other cards, two clamping plates, and the Card Bus is widely used today for all types of acquisition, and establishing the P2 system as “media-less” wherein medias. connector. The clamping plates form a retainer it is clear that a many TV programs could not be there is virtually no consumable media expense. In (3) It should be tough enough to endure repetitive mechanism that holds the four SD memory cards realized without ENG type equipment. In recent addition, by using consumer SD media inside P2, use over many years. very precisely in the specially developed inner years non-linear editing has brought an extensive the benefits of storage capacity expansion and cost (4) It should have an industry standard, commonly connector so that reliable contact is maintained improvement to editing efficiency, in part due to the reduction gained through progress in available PC interface. within the P2 card even under severe accidental progress of IT technology in storage capacity, and semiconductor technology can be obtained shock or vibration. In addition, a rigid aluminum the dramatic improvement of CPU performance immediately. (5) Into the future, real-time recording of HDTV die-casting frame covers the SD unit. The that has enabled the processing of heretofore should be guaranteed. mechanical structure described above allows P2 impossibly complex tasks. However, while non- (6) It should be possible to transfer much faster cards to be guaranteed to endure shock up to linear editors and video servers are inherently than real time from P2. 1500G, and vibration up to 15G. random access because of their IT technology base, The P2 card Card Bus connector has been specially acquisition - even digital acquisition remained The major specifications of P2 card are shown on developed for this application. The quality of the linear. This means material, once shot, must be Table 3.1. material and plating thickness of the actual contacts transferred from tape to HDD through the so- of the connector has been optimized for long life called ingest or digitizing process, and editing under repetitive use. A P2 card can reliably endure cannot start until the transfer from tape is complete. 30,000 repeated insertions and removals, so even if Users clearly want and need non-linear acquisition one does 10 cycles (insert and remove) every day, it with fast random access to the content, and they can be repeatedly used for over eight years. also want the acquisition process to seamlessly interface to the IT-centric world broadcast is To assure 100,000 or more of rewriting cycles, the relation between logical address and physical becoming. By replacing the digital VTR with P2 2.2 Workflow of P2 system semiconductor-memory it is possible to achieve a address is shifted. In addition, the parallel operation fast, efficient, and rugged system that can be used in Adopting P2 card as acquisition media solves the of plural flash memory chips, the simultaneous harsh environments and is capable of managing problem of “non-linear” ENG, and so ENG 3.2 Mechanical structure and toughness of P2 background erasing during writing, and a control content to unify the system from acquisition to becomes “ING” or IT News Gathering. An ING card algorithm for managing the difference in the size of transmission. In this paper, details of the P2 media, system that has P2 as its nucleus is shown in In order to have a highly reliable P2 system, P2 card a write block and of an erase block, all facilitate the file system, and the format of the contents of Figure2.1. itself must be engineered to withstand the physical high-speed writing and reading rates of 20 MB/sec wear and tear. (maximum) in each SD card, the combination has the P2 card are described. The features or attributes of the P2 ING system an interface speed of 80 MB/sec or 640mbps. This are: 2 Concept of P2 system may seem “over-kill” but recall that P2 has been 2.1 Record media (1) The flexibility and solidity of a file-based system designed to allow HD acquisition with no SD memory is now in use by more than 500 allows P2 to be edited immediately after inserted in modification, and even in HD users will expect companies in a wide variety of products has quickly NLE. The ingest-time can be shortened or even faster than real time transfers. become the world's leading standard for compact, eliminated. portable, high capacity storage. The SD card excels As was shown in Table 3.1, P2 cards are guaranteed (2) Complete and instantaneous interoperability against the other media in areas like environmental to operate in the temperature range -20° to 60° C, with NLE systems by adopting standardized MXF reliability, longevity, and access time and power and are able to be stored in the temperature range - OP-Atom as the essence file format. consumption. Reliability under harsh 40° to 80° C. This was realized by careful selection

V-18 V-19 File based (tape less) Workflow/automation (3) Enhanced interoperability and extensibility with A P2 card is comprised of 6 major electronic production systems by adopting XML as the components: four SD memory cards, a P2 control 1 Introduction environmental conditions is indispensable in a descriptive metadata file format. LSI, and the external connector. The PCMCIA Television news material started from 16mm film professional acquisition system. In this area, it is assembly consists of a rigid aluminum die-cast until 1970s when Electronic News Gathering, or more robust than conventional tape media, which 3 Structure of P2 card frame securely protects the 6 major parts and gives ENG, was first put into practical use by CBS required protection against dust, concern over dew 3.1 Outline robustness and high durability. Television's news gathering organization in the U.S. condensation, and the like. Although the capacity The P2 card was developed to satisfy the following ENG succeeded because immediate playback was of memory devices is not yet fully competitive, targets: The mechanical structure of a P2 card is shown in Fig. 3.1 possible and the film developing time and expense memory can expect a steady doubling and doubling (1) It must be able to be used in an environment of were saved, and became ubiquitous because again of capacity in only a few years. Finally, note severe temperature and humidity. The SD Unit is a sub-assembly consisting of a compact, high quality, and lower cost equipment that while the acquisition cost of memory is printed-circuit board, the P2 control LSI, four SD was developed. Despite the original development significantly higher (especially as compared to tape), (2) It should be impervious to vibration and shock, memory cards, an inner connector for those SD of ENG for newsgathering, this type of equipment the cards can be treated as an asset, and users are compared with videotape cassettes and other cards, two clamping plates, and the Card Bus is widely used today for all types of acquisition, and establishing the P2 system as “media-less” wherein medias. connector. The clamping plates form a retainer it is clear that a many TV programs could not be there is virtually no consumable media expense. In (3) It should be tough enough to endure repetitive mechanism that holds the four SD memory cards realized without ENG type equipment. In recent addition, by using consumer SD media inside P2, use over many years. very precisely in the specially developed inner years non-linear editing has brought an extensive the benefits of storage capacity expansion and cost (4) It should have an industry standard, commonly connector so that reliable contact is maintained improvement to editing efficiency, in part due to the reduction gained through progress in available PC interface. within the P2 card even under severe accidental progress of IT technology in storage capacity, and semiconductor technology can be obtained shock or vibration. In addition, a rigid aluminum the dramatic improvement of CPU performance immediately. (5) Into the future, real-time recording of HDTV die-casting frame covers the SD unit. The that has enabled the processing of heretofore should be guaranteed. mechanical structure described above allows P2 impossibly complex tasks. However, while non- (6) It should be possible to transfer much faster cards to be guaranteed to endure shock up to linear editors and video servers are inherently than real time from P2. 1500G, and vibration up to 15G. random access because of their IT technology base, The P2 card Card Bus connector has been specially acquisition - even digital acquisition remained The major specifications of P2 card are shown on developed for this application. The quality of the linear. This means material, once shot, must be Table 3.1. material and plating thickness of the actual contacts transferred from tape to HDD through the so- of the connector has been optimized for long life called ingest or digitizing process, and editing under repetitive use. A P2 card can reliably endure cannot start until the transfer from tape is complete. 30,000 repeated insertions and removals, so even if Users clearly want and need non-linear acquisition one does 10 cycles (insert and remove) every day, it with fast random access to the content, and they can be repeatedly used for over eight years. also want the acquisition process to seamlessly interface to the IT-centric world broadcast is To assure 100,000 or more of rewriting cycles, the relation between logical address and physical becoming. By replacing the digital VTR with P2 2.2 Workflow of P2 system semiconductor-memory it is possible to achieve a address is shifted. In addition, the parallel operation fast, efficient, and rugged system that can be used in Adopting P2 card as acquisition media solves the of plural flash memory chips, the simultaneous harsh environments and is capable of managing problem of “non-linear” ENG, and so ENG 3.2 Mechanical structure and toughness of P2 background erasing during writing, and a control content to unify the system from acquisition to becomes “ING” or IT News Gathering. An ING card algorithm for managing the difference in the size of transmission. In this paper, details of the P2 media, system that has P2 as its nucleus is shown in In order to have a highly reliable P2 system, P2 card a write block and of an erase block, all facilitate the file system, and the format of the contents of Figure2.1. itself must be engineered to withstand the physical high-speed writing and reading rates of 20 MB/sec wear and tear. (maximum) in each SD card, the combination has the P2 card are described. The features or attributes of the P2 ING system an interface speed of 80 MB/sec or 640mbps. This are: 2 Concept of P2 system may seem “over-kill” but recall that P2 has been 2.1 Record media (1) The flexibility and solidity of a file-based system designed to allow HD acquisition with no SD memory is now in use by more than 500 allows P2 to be edited immediately after inserted in modification, and even in HD users will expect companies in a wide variety of products has quickly NLE. The ingest-time can be shortened or even faster than real time transfers. become the world's leading standard for compact, eliminated. portable, high capacity storage. The SD card excels As was shown in Table 3.1, P2 cards are guaranteed (2) Complete and instantaneous interoperability against the other media in areas like environmental to operate in the temperature range -20° to 60° C, with NLE systems by adopting standardized MXF reliability, longevity, and access time and power and are able to be stored in the temperature range - OP-Atom as the essence file format. consumption. Reliability under harsh 40° to 80° C. This was realized by careful selection

V-18 V-19 of all the parts that constitute the P2 card, and the files are stored under directories within the P2 card separated files, making them immediately accessible heat-resistant structure of the SD unit. Compare as shown in Figure 5.1. and suitable for the independent (split) audio or this to a conventional videotape cassette, where the A Unique Material IDentifier (UMID), a globally video editing after recording. Since direct and operational temperature range is 0° to 40° and that unique ID for A/V material, is generated and immediate editing is one of the key features of the for storage is -10° to 50° C. Clearly, P2 cards can be assigned to the content on the P2 card at the time of P2 ING system, Op-Atom is the most suitable used for newsgathering and other forms of the content creation (recording), and is given to the structure within MXF. acquisition in more severe temperature video and audio essence, the clip meta-data, and the The structure of the Op-Atom audio and video environments than videotape. proxy. Should the content be moved or copied from essence files recorded on the P2 card is based on the 4 File system the P2 card to another media that has a different structure recommended in the MXF standard, and In order to maintain compatibility with directory structure wherein the link between files of is shown in Figure 5.2. Each file consists of three conventional PC's, the P2 File system is a FAT (File parts, a File header, a File body, and a File footer. and useful in the future, having a separate XML Allocation Table) file system. However, in order to The File header contains a header partition pack, metadata file that also carries the structural maximize the reliability and guarantee a minimum the header metadata and an Index table. The File metadata enables easy conversion of P2 content to data transfer rate for professional-use AV body is a single Essence Container that carries the the data structure of an existing system that has the equipment, the following technology was video or audio data. In the video MXF file, the DV, same essence structure but a different header developed. DVCPRO, DVCPRO50, or DVCPROHD structure. This is useful in viewing applications and compressed data is embedded in a DV-DIF stream it also allows editing using the Clip metadata and the High reliability and mapped into the Essence Container. In the Proxy data without using the essence file, so users Professional equipment must have high reliability in audio MXF file, uncompressed AES-3 audio data that have decided to use the optional proxy and low the face of such issues as sudden loss of power or for each channel is mapped into the Essence resolution editing to augment the direct editing disconnection (removal) of the writing media. Container, i.e. in the case of 4 channel audio, four features in the P2 system will find their While a normal file system updates the FAT table Audio MXF files exist. The File Footer contains the requirements facilitated by this structure. when the file is closed, the system for P2 constantly Index table, which is the same as that in the File Descriptive metadata is the information about the updates the FAT table at 2-second intervals Header. throughout the recording process. Should the production aspects of the clip. For any given shot it recording process be interrupted for any reason - In order to give greater flexibility in audio editing, can contain the time, date, location, shooter, talent, inadvertent removal of the active card, for example Clip wrapping has been adopted for the P2 system person interviewed, and even GPS data and can be the material up to the last FAT table update is not a given clip could be lost, it is possible to associate in both video and audio essence files. By using Clip used, modified, or updated in the editing and post lost. Should this occur, a process called Clip Repair the essence and its related metadata using the wrapping and setting the Edit unit to an audio production process. Descriptive metadata is can be performed on the clip that had it's recording UMID. sample, audio editing is possible at any point on an required for content management, and is used as a audio sample basis. key to search a specific content. Therefore, this data suddenly interrupted. This process detects that a 5.2 MXF Essence File clip was stopped in the middle of record, and by MXF(Material eXchange Format) is a fundamental 5.3 Metadata analysis of the FAT table immediately before the file exchange format that consists of several The P2 system has two types of end the links are recreated and the file is restored Operational Patterns (OP) or file configurations Metadata: Structural Metadata and completely. This file system adaptation creates a which has been standardized by the SMPTE. To Descriptive Metadata. Structural compatible and highly reliable recording system in assure interoperability with other devices and metadata is the metadata required which the content of a recording can be recovered systems, the P2 system adopted MXF, and more for full-featured use of the video even with sudden power failure or removal of the specifically uses OP-Atom (Operational Pattern and audio essence stored in the recording media. Furthermore, by improving the Atom), one of the operational patterns within the MXF file, such as the parameters of reliability, applications using multiple P2 card slots MXF standard. Op-Atom was selected as the data the essence. On the other hand, the such as a continuous recording of a long time and structure because the video essence and the audio descriptive metadata represents an endless recording were achieved. essence are wrapped independently and stored in additional information about the 5 Content File Format video and audio essence that adds 5.1 Content File Structure functionality and efficiency. The structure of the content on a P2 card consists The Structural Metadata is recorded of logical “clips” that each contain a video MXF in both the Header Metadata section of the MXF is best held in the XML layer, which has PC file, one or more audio MXF files, an XML clip files and the clip metadata XML file. While it is compatibility, visibility, and extensibility. In metadata file as well as implementation dependent expected that the metadata structure and addition, when news content that has been optional files, i.e. a Bitmap thumbnail file, a WAVE information carried in the MXF file will be popular recorded with this additional shooting information voice memo file, and an MPEG4 proxy file. These is ingested to a news production system, the XML V-20 V-21 of all the parts that constitute the P2 card, and the files are stored under directories within the P2 card separated files, making them immediately accessible heat-resistant structure of the SD unit. Compare as shown in Figure 5.1. and suitable for the independent (split) audio or this to a conventional videotape cassette, where the A Unique Material IDentifier (UMID), a globally video editing after recording. Since direct and operational temperature range is 0° to 40° and that unique ID for A/V material, is generated and immediate editing is one of the key features of the for storage is -10° to 50° C. Clearly, P2 cards can be assigned to the content on the P2 card at the time of P2 ING system, Op-Atom is the most suitable used for newsgathering and other forms of the content creation (recording), and is given to the structure within MXF. acquisition in more severe temperature video and audio essence, the clip meta-data, and the The structure of the Op-Atom audio and video environments than videotape. proxy. Should the content be moved or copied from essence files recorded on the P2 card is based on the 4 File system the P2 card to another media that has a different structure recommended in the MXF standard, and In order to maintain compatibility with directory structure wherein the link between files of is shown in Figure 5.2. Each file consists of three conventional PC's, the P2 File system is a FAT (File parts, a File header, a File body, and a File footer. and useful in the future, having a separate XML Allocation Table) file system. However, in order to The File header contains a header partition pack, metadata file that also carries the structural maximize the reliability and guarantee a minimum the header metadata and an Index table. The File metadata enables easy conversion of P2 content to data transfer rate for professional-use AV body is a single Essence Container that carries the the data structure of an existing system that has the equipment, the following technology was video or audio data. In the video MXF file, the DV, same essence structure but a different header developed. DVCPRO, DVCPRO50, or DVCPROHD structure. This is useful in viewing applications and compressed data is embedded in a DV-DIF stream it also allows editing using the Clip metadata and the High reliability and mapped into the Essence Container. In the Proxy data without using the essence file, so users Professional equipment must have high reliability in audio MXF file, uncompressed AES-3 audio data that have decided to use the optional proxy and low the face of such issues as sudden loss of power or for each channel is mapped into the Essence resolution editing to augment the direct editing disconnection (removal) of the writing media. Container, i.e. in the case of 4 channel audio, four features in the P2 system will find their While a normal file system updates the FAT table Audio MXF files exist. The File Footer contains the requirements facilitated by this structure. when the file is closed, the system for P2 constantly Index table, which is the same as that in the File Descriptive metadata is the information about the updates the FAT table at 2-second intervals Header. throughout the recording process. Should the production aspects of the clip. For any given shot it recording process be interrupted for any reason - In order to give greater flexibility in audio editing, can contain the time, date, location, shooter, talent, inadvertent removal of the active card, for example Clip wrapping has been adopted for the P2 system person interviewed, and even GPS data and can be the material up to the last FAT table update is not a given clip could be lost, it is possible to associate in both video and audio essence files. By using Clip used, modified, or updated in the editing and post lost. Should this occur, a process called Clip Repair the essence and its related metadata using the wrapping and setting the Edit unit to an audio production process. Descriptive metadata is can be performed on the clip that had it's recording UMID. sample, audio editing is possible at any point on an required for content management, and is used as a audio sample basis. key to search a specific content. Therefore, this data suddenly interrupted. This process detects that a 5.2 MXF Essence File clip was stopped in the middle of record, and by MXF(Material eXchange Format) is a fundamental 5.3 Metadata analysis of the FAT table immediately before the file exchange format that consists of several The P2 system has two types of end the links are recreated and the file is restored Operational Patterns (OP) or file configurations Metadata: Structural Metadata and completely. This file system adaptation creates a which has been standardized by the SMPTE. To Descriptive Metadata. Structural compatible and highly reliable recording system in assure interoperability with other devices and metadata is the metadata required which the content of a recording can be recovered systems, the P2 system adopted MXF, and more for full-featured use of the video even with sudden power failure or removal of the specifically uses OP-Atom (Operational Pattern and audio essence stored in the recording media. Furthermore, by improving the Atom), one of the operational patterns within the MXF file, such as the parameters of reliability, applications using multiple P2 card slots MXF standard. Op-Atom was selected as the data the essence. On the other hand, the such as a continuous recording of a long time and structure because the video essence and the audio descriptive metadata represents an endless recording were achieved. essence are wrapped independently and stored in additional information about the 5 Content File Format video and audio essence that adds 5.1 Content File Structure functionality and efficiency. The structure of the content on a P2 card consists The Structural Metadata is recorded of logical “clips” that each contain a video MXF in both the Header Metadata section of the MXF is best held in the XML layer, which has PC file, one or more audio MXF files, an XML clip files and the clip metadata XML file. While it is compatibility, visibility, and extensibility. In metadata file as well as implementation dependent expected that the metadata structure and addition, when news content that has been optional files, i.e. a Bitmap thumbnail file, a WAVE information carried in the MXF file will be popular recorded with this additional shooting information voice memo file, and an MPEG4 proxy file. These is ingested to a news production system, the XML V-20 V-21 metadata is parsed and the appropriate metadata sufficient speed for high definition at the outset, elements can be registered in the database of the assured of exponential storage capacity growth, news production system. Consequently, the video and economics driven by consumer mass and audio essence files can be downloaded at high production and use. This was the development Session-6 speed without parsing the data structure of the criterion for the P2 card. video and audio essence files. Direct acquisition-quality editing straight from the Interactive Broadcasting The structural metadata and the descriptive P2 card was made possible by guaranteeing a high metadata are stored in the associated XML clip data transfer rate, and this fast access time improves metadata file, and examples of those structural and efficiency and shortens news edit time very descriptive metadata elements are shown in Table significantly. By generating and keeping descriptive 5.1 and Table 5.2. metadata in an independent XML file, the metadata can be placed in the database of a news or 6 Conclusion production system simply by parsing the XML file. Clearly, it is possible to build an essentially “media- In this kind of system, the essence or content less” IT friendly acquisition system with a work transfer is just a high-speed up-load of the MXF flow that in many ways follows the computer- files to the server. centric digital still camera model rather than the videotape model with its plethora of specialized This P2 ING system is clearly the next generation hardware. news production system. It brings lower-cost, less maintenance, higher productivity, and a computer- The key was the development of a storage element oriented structure that is far more closely linked to with great physical shock resistance, a wide production systems than conventional tape based operating temperature range, and excellent products were ever capable of doing. It is simply the moisture resistance with proven core technology, answer for television acquisition in the future.

ABOUT THE SPEAKER Teo Gim Loo has spent 13 years with Panasonic Systems Asia Pacific, Broadcast Regional Operation Center and major in Training and promoting Panasonic cutting edge broadcasting system and technology starting with M2, D3, D5, HDD5 (½” tape format) to DVCPRO, DVCPOR 50, DVCPOR HD, ¼” tape format. He is involved in P2 tapeless system, HDTV, HD film market development for Asia Pacific region (Mainly Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam and India) Mr. Rajiva Ranjan Prasad File base workflow/ automation /content creation white paper: All India Radio File base or IT base broadcast system development is realizing and make into full solution for worldwide broadcaster to adopt today. File base recording media include Solid-state memory device, Optical Disk device, Hard disk etc are getting popular today. Performance of each file base system depend on compression method, transfer speed, reliability and maintenance requirement. Broadcasters ultimately require high speed, low maintenance system without compromising the image quality up to HD migration possibility. Panasonic P2 system with MXF Atom-OP file base broadcast system is ready for all broadcasters for both SD and HD market. Base on world wide common broadcast usage DVCPRO, DVCPRO50 and DVCPRO HD compression technology, P2 MXF file base system is develop upon the same compression for: 1. IT and Network broadcasting workflow requirement - Base on data file transfer like IT network style reduce total waiting time for tapes and the needs for expensive VTR. 2. Reduce total cost of ownership - Recycle usage of P2 cards reduce total cost of media in long run and it is extremely environment friendly. - File base workflow reduces the use of VTR benefit to all broadcasters in term of investment as well as maintenance cost. 3. Smooth and Ready for HD migration Mr. Rajat Nigam Mr. Amit Dev Mr.Mohan Tambe Ms. Deepa Tyagi -Base on same compression as DVCPRO/ DVCPRO 50 /DVCPOR HD, just replace recording media, P2 system is ready BECIL, India TIME Broadband, Innomedia Technologies Department of Telcom, and speedy enough for SD with smooth transition to HD environment require by today's broadcasters. India India India

V-22 metadata is parsed and the appropriate metadata sufficient speed for high definition at the outset, elements can be registered in the database of the assured of exponential storage capacity growth, news production system. Consequently, the video and economics driven by consumer mass and audio essence files can be downloaded at high production and use. This was the development Session-6 speed without parsing the data structure of the criterion for the P2 card. video and audio essence files. Direct acquisition-quality editing straight from the Interactive Broadcasting The structural metadata and the descriptive P2 card was made possible by guaranteeing a high metadata are stored in the associated XML clip data transfer rate, and this fast access time improves metadata file, and examples of those structural and efficiency and shortens news edit time very descriptive metadata elements are shown in Table significantly. By generating and keeping descriptive 5.1 and Table 5.2. metadata in an independent XML file, the metadata can be placed in the database of a news or 6 Conclusion production system simply by parsing the XML file. Clearly, it is possible to build an essentially “media- In this kind of system, the essence or content less” IT friendly acquisition system with a work transfer is just a high-speed up-load of the MXF flow that in many ways follows the computer- files to the server. centric digital still camera model rather than the videotape model with its plethora of specialized This P2 ING system is clearly the next generation hardware. news production system. It brings lower-cost, less maintenance, higher productivity, and a computer- The key was the development of a storage element oriented structure that is far more closely linked to with great physical shock resistance, a wide production systems than conventional tape based operating temperature range, and excellent products were ever capable of doing. It is simply the moisture resistance with proven core technology, answer for television acquisition in the future.

V-22 Convergence

Mr. Rajiva Ranjan Prasad All India Radio

R.R. Prasad is after graduating in Electronics & Communication Engineering, he joined Indian Broadcasting (Engineers) Service, 1971 batch. Served in different capacities for A.I.R. and Doordarshan installations. Since 2005, is holding the post of Chief Engineer (Projects & Resources) at A.I.R. Directorate. Had been associated with several National and International bodies that includes; a) Member of Technical Advisory Group of Insat Coordination Committee for more than ten years, 1986-95 and 2005 onwards b) Chairman of drafting group of the then CCIR JIWP CMTT/4/10/11 (1987- 91). Authored a CCIR Report in that capacity. c) Served Radio TV Vietman as ABU(Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union) Expert Mr. Rajat Nigam (1991) BECIL, India d) Served Yemen as ITU (International Telecommunication Union) Consultant (1996)

VI-1 Convergence

Mr. Rajiva Ranjan Prasad All India Radio

VI-1 Convergence

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V1-2 VI-3 Convergence

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER Rajat Nigam is a Broadcast Media professional having rich experience of more than 15 years in Television industry. Besides conceptualising and executing TV projects, he has hands on experience of running of News and Sports channels. He was with Doordarshan, the National Broadcaster of India, and had been involved in coverage of Olympics games in Athens, Asian Games in Korea besides large number of International Cricket matches. He has been largely associated in concept selling of FM Radio for private sector in India and advent of new technological applications. Rajat Nigam is a widely traveled professional and is exposed to the happenings of business of broadcasting across. He has innovatively defined functional practices at different levels of TV operations and is enthusiastically involved in striving for developing Broadcasting in the region. 29 30

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VI-6 VI-7 IPTV (TV broadcasting using Internet protocol)

Mr. Amit Dev TIME Broadband, India

VI-9 IPTV (TV broadcasting using Internet protocol)

Mr. Amit Dev TIME Broadband, India

VI-9 IPTV (TV broadcasting using Internet protocol) Time Broadband Services Envisage A Catalyst Role To Promote Convergence When Two Worlds of Content & Access Convergeon Digital Back Plane...

TIME BROADBAND Made Possible by the SERVICESPRESENTS TelcosAdopting STATUS REPORT ON Triple Playto Deliver "DIGITAL HOME AND TELCO ROLE" IPTV IN INDIA

7 8 1 2 By Assuring Standardof Global Best TBSL to Support Telecom withContent Then Two Screens of Life For Fulfillment of the Aspiration for Practices with Carrier-Grade Inputs Alliance For TheARPU To Reach Higher Level Converge to Deliver Digital Content Digital Empowerment at Hand

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While Providing Threshold Protection Delivering True Quality For Your Own Convenience to Watch Becomes Your Own Choice Becomes The Content to IPR Value of Customer Delight At Prime-Time At Any Time of the Day... Viewing AgendaWith Video On-Demand... Content Provider Fraternity Affordable Pricing Rationale

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VI-10 VI-11 IPTV (TV broadcasting using Internet protocol) Time Broadband Services Envisage A Catalyst Role To Promote Convergence When Two Worlds of Content & Access Convergeon Digital Back Plane...

TIME BROADBAND Made Possible by the SERVICESPRESENTS TelcosAdopting STATUS REPORT ON Triple Playto Deliver "DIGITAL HOME AND TELCO ROLE" IPTV IN INDIA

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VI-10 VI-11 Indian Telco Operators Are Committed to Develop INDIA as the Leader In New Global Media Domain

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VI-12 VI-13 Indian Telco Operators Are Committed to Develop INDIA as the Leader In New Global Media Domain

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VI-14 VI-15 Value added services/VOD (Video on demand)

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Mr.Mohan Tambe Innomedia Technologies, India

Abstract ABOUT THE SPEAKER Satellites allows reception of digital channels in any remote areas. However, the services are pretty limited, as only one channel Amit Dev is a co-promoter of Time Broadband Services Private Limited. His vision 'New Gen can be tuned at a time. The paper describes how through a single Satellite dish in a building or a society, one can provide in each of Tech for Next Gen' the premises, Video-on-Demand, Digital Video-Recorder, Channel viewing with Pause/Play, and value added services such as A specialist in integrating new technology for media and entertainment convergence of E-Books, Subtitles in multiple languages and Programme Guides. Furthermore, with a single broadband connection, each entertainment and telecom, he has transcended borders in the areas of Satellite broadcast and data premise can also get Internet browsing, SMS Messaging, VoIP Telephony, and Voting capability in participative TV networking with extensive experience in India and the Asia-Pac region. programmes. These features are provided by a "hexa-play" set-side-box called CHOISpad (CHOIS: Converged Home & Office Interactive Services). With experience of over a decade in each telecom and broadcast in his role as a strategic advisor and corporate technology planning includes stints at COMSAT RSI where he spearheaded Voice on The paper describes how the CHOISpads in all the premises are connected together using Ethernet cables to form a LAN. Demand (Known in the USA as On Command Video- OCV). He has pioneered India's first KU Some of the Streamer CHOISpads are used along with the Satellite Dish, for allowing all the received channels to be band VSAT service for financial networking for SaharNet. streamed out as Multicast Channels to other CHOISpads. This allows a user to see a channel, while recording two other channels in the background. Some of the Server CHOISpads allow VOD contents, to be downloaded from the VOD He spearheaded the launch of India's first regional satellite channel 'Sun TV'. He has also launched channels included in the DTH transmission. The Peer-to-Peer facility allows users, to view the distributed VOD contents. channels like ATN, ESPN and Sahara TV. In addition to these he plays a multifaceted role as a corporate advisor on technology to various companies like B R Chopra Film & TV Media group, With a broadband connection to the LAN, proper billing and usage accounting occurs for each user. Payments for services Balaji Telefilms Ltd., Blockbuster Distribution Ltd., BVTI (Disney-Modi JV amongst others. Amit are possible through a crypto-Citizen Card. The Citizen Card also allows secure voting. The return path of a two-way also has gone transnational consulting with Asiastar Communication (USA), Cinemeta Digital- satellite can be used in places where broadband connection is not available. Cinema (Singapore) and Ceycom Global Services (Sri Lanka) The CHOISpad also provide interactive remotes (called CHOISers), which allow typing in all the languages of the world. Amit Dev is an acclaimed speaker in various national and global trade forums since 1990. He It is now possible for all the members of a family to vote together, using multiple CHOISers. Thus each Live TV channel, holds a PGD in International Trade from 'NCTI', Advanced Trade Diploma in Masscom from gets converted into a Participative TV Channel. The canned programmes of a channel, can be watched any time on a SPJC and alumni of the elite national academy 'Indian Institute of Science' VOD basis, thus eliminating prime-time. The nature of TV programming can change, when audience can directly pay for what they like, and sponsors are not required.

VI-16 VI-17 Value added services/VOD (Video on demand)

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Mr.Mohan Tambe Innomedia Technologies, India

VI-16 VI-17 Value added services/VOD (Video on demand) the hardware of the Netway Routers themselves. be easily afforded by even medium sized cable 1.1 Introduction CHOISpc is a low-cost Network PC. The The network can even locates the nearest device operator (10,000 users). The low-cost is achieved by Netway is an end-to-end network, designed from CHOISpad and CHOISpc effectively complement with the desired content, de-congesting the using CHOISpads for serving VOD, and streaming scratch in India. It has been operating on a pilot each other for providing the TV based network. Channels. basis for last three years in 5000 homes, in entertainment and PC based work experience A user can also select between hundreds of Netway Head-ends are connected together, in form Jamnagar, Bombay and Bangalore. It is a Next respectively channels from all over the world. Most of these will of a mesh, using inter-city dark fibres, which allow Generation "Ethernet Everywhere", Fibre-to-the- Netway provides an interactive remote (CHOISer), be live participative channels, as a user would rather the traffic to increase with the demand. The idea is Kerb network, which uses Peer-to-Peer (patent which also works as a Smart Home controller, for all watch the canned programmes in a channel, on a that unlike the concrete highways there should be pending) technology for achieving unlimited the Internet appliances. The CHOISer also allows VOD basis. no suffocation of usage because of bandwidth scalability. It provides a 100 Mbit symmetric single thumb touch-typing of all the languages of limitations. The network served by a Netway Head- Ethernet connection to each home or each work- 1.2.3 Citizen Card For Payments the world. Netway provides a unique Crypto Citizen card to end is called Local Netway, while the network station in an office. CHOISer creates a virtual electronic nervous every person, regardless of him owning any Netway connecting all the Netway Head-ends is called Netway has sufficient bandwidths for allowing HD- system, which would connect the minds of the appliance. Each person can now log-in from Global Netway. TV videos to be streamed from any place to any users to the Netway. All members of a family can anywhere, to his terabyte account, enough to store As we will see, using a DTH it is possible to have place, with a guaranteed Quality of Service. now vote simultaneously using their own his life-time video memories. isolated Netway Clusters too. The way RISC computing simplified and CHOISers. This converts every channel into a The Citizen Card is used for all payments, and 1.3 Dth Cluster demystified the CISC computing; Netway participative TV channel, and can even usher in e- allows instant revenue sharing between the A Netway DTH Cluster in a Building or a Society, simplifies and demystifies the existing Networking democracy. concerned organizations providing the service, can be initiated with just a DTH Dish and a Shelf of technologies. Each home can now use 64kbps VoIP phones, on with the required taxes going to the government CHOISpads. Each of the CHOISpads has a tuner Netway breaks the law of telecom, of picking two just a library fee basis. While HD-TV quality video- agencies. connected to the Dish and a 100 M bit Ethernet out of three: Features, Performance, Price. Netway conferencing would become as easy as the metered The Library and Pay-per-fetch payment models are port, connected to an Access Router (24# 100 Mb achieves all the three. calls on a conventional phone. designed such that all the contents and services can ports, 4# 1Gig Ports). Netway is a holistic technology with innovative Netway allows home PCs to be used as free Web be afforded by all the sections of a society. The Access Router is in turn connected to up to 24 Servers, Network Routers, Set-top-boxes, Servers too, with capability of serving full-screen 1.2.4 Designed For Cable Operators Gateways, using CAT-5 cable (upto 150 metres). Contents, Billing and Network Management streaming videos. Netway Technology has been made with the Indian Each Gateway is in turn connected to up to 8 Systems. Netway can usher in Interactive education all over Cable Operators in mind. The Cable operator will premises. Each premise can have a low-cost Netway Inspite of the low-cost, Netway is a fully dually the country. HD-TV quality Video lectures can now find Netway easier than their existing coaxial LAN, which provides enough Netway Points redundant network (right till the Ethernet sockets), be given to classes, and homes distributed across the networks. The networks can be constructed, owned (Ethernet Sockets), for connecting Netway which provides carrier-class services to each home, country. Each student can give live feedback to the and operated entirely by medium sized cable Appliances in each room. CHOISpads and office, and public place. It also allows unlimited Lecturer using his CHOISer remote. operators, using their existing people. CHOISpcs can be connected to the Netway Points. These devices can then communicate to other premises to participate in a Virtual Private Network. A Cable operator can think of the Netway Gateway 1.2.2 Global Contents devices in the Cluster, in a Peer-to-Peer manner. 1.2 Netway Concepts Users don't need to buy audio/video/e-book as equivalent to his Splitter and the Netway Router contents anymore, they can use it anywhere, as equivalent to his co-ax Amplifier. The new The Access Router can also be connected to a 24x7 1.2.1 Smart Home anytime. Netway will have distributed storage of the Netway cabling is done on a roof-top to roof-top broadband connection. The internet can be shared Netway transforms each home into a Smart Home, entire heritage of the world, in all the living basis, following his existing co-ax cable routes. by all the CHOISpads and CHOISpcs. Now each with Ethernet points becoming as ubiquitous as of the CHOISpad can remain in contact with the languages. Netway ensures that Consumer wins first, followed Electrical points. The low-cost scalable Netway CHOIS Blade Server in the National Netway Head- The CHOISpad breaks all the languages barriers for by the Content Owner. With these two winning, the LAN in any premise can now be constructed by an end. Electrician himself. Internet appliances can be the Global Contents, and facilitates through Network Operator wins automatically. Formulae 1.3.1 Dth Cluster Operation plugged into these. automatic transliteration between languages. based Revenue sharing occurs between Content Providers, Content Aggregator and Network Each CHOISpad can, through the broadband The user-interface for Netway based services are A network wide DRM, allows the Global Contents connection, request for latest TV Guides, to move through-out the Network in an encrypted Operator. Inspite of the full-accountability, the provided by CHOISpad or a CHOISpc. CHOIS is Cable Operator can now earn much more. Programme Guides, Preview Books, Metafiles and pronounced "choice" and is an acronym for state. The decryption happens only when a content other light-weight items. The requests for any video "Converged Home & Office Integrated Services". is used, which also triggers electronic billing A fully redundant, low-cost Netway Head-end can content, not present in the cluster, also gets sent While CHOISpad is a Hexa-play set-side-box, A Content search occurs instantly, as it is done by

VI-18 VI-19 Value added services/VOD (Video on demand) the hardware of the Netway Routers themselves. be easily afforded by even medium sized cable 1.1 Introduction CHOISpc is a low-cost Network PC. The The network can even locates the nearest device operator (10,000 users). The low-cost is achieved by Netway is an end-to-end network, designed from CHOISpad and CHOISpc effectively complement with the desired content, de-congesting the using CHOISpads for serving VOD, and streaming scratch in India. It has been operating on a pilot each other for providing the TV based network. Channels. basis for last three years in 5000 homes, in entertainment and PC based work experience A user can also select between hundreds of Netway Head-ends are connected together, in form Jamnagar, Bombay and Bangalore. It is a Next respectively channels from all over the world. Most of these will of a mesh, using inter-city dark fibres, which allow Generation "Ethernet Everywhere", Fibre-to-the- Netway provides an interactive remote (CHOISer), be live participative channels, as a user would rather the traffic to increase with the demand. The idea is Kerb network, which uses Peer-to-Peer (patent which also works as a Smart Home controller, for all watch the canned programmes in a channel, on a that unlike the concrete highways there should be pending) technology for achieving unlimited the Internet appliances. The CHOISer also allows VOD basis. no suffocation of usage because of bandwidth scalability. It provides a 100 Mbit symmetric single thumb touch-typing of all the languages of limitations. The network served by a Netway Head- Ethernet connection to each home or each work- 1.2.3 Citizen Card For Payments the world. Netway provides a unique Crypto Citizen card to end is called Local Netway, while the network station in an office. CHOISer creates a virtual electronic nervous every person, regardless of him owning any Netway connecting all the Netway Head-ends is called Netway has sufficient bandwidths for allowing HD- system, which would connect the minds of the appliance. Each person can now log-in from Global Netway. TV videos to be streamed from any place to any users to the Netway. All members of a family can anywhere, to his terabyte account, enough to store As we will see, using a DTH it is possible to have place, with a guaranteed Quality of Service. now vote simultaneously using their own his life-time video memories. isolated Netway Clusters too. The way RISC computing simplified and CHOISers. This converts every channel into a The Citizen Card is used for all payments, and 1.3 Dth Cluster demystified the CISC computing; Netway participative TV channel, and can even usher in e- allows instant revenue sharing between the A Netway DTH Cluster in a Building or a Society, simplifies and demystifies the existing Networking democracy. concerned organizations providing the service, can be initiated with just a DTH Dish and a Shelf of technologies. Each home can now use 64kbps VoIP phones, on with the required taxes going to the government CHOISpads. Each of the CHOISpads has a tuner Netway breaks the law of telecom, of picking two just a library fee basis. While HD-TV quality video- agencies. connected to the Dish and a 100 M bit Ethernet out of three: Features, Performance, Price. Netway conferencing would become as easy as the metered The Library and Pay-per-fetch payment models are port, connected to an Access Router (24# 100 Mb achieves all the three. calls on a conventional phone. designed such that all the contents and services can ports, 4# 1Gig Ports). Netway is a holistic technology with innovative Netway allows home PCs to be used as free Web be afforded by all the sections of a society. The Access Router is in turn connected to up to 24 Servers, Network Routers, Set-top-boxes, Servers too, with capability of serving full-screen 1.2.4 Designed For Cable Operators Gateways, using CAT-5 cable (upto 150 metres). Contents, Billing and Network Management streaming videos. Netway Technology has been made with the Indian Each Gateway is in turn connected to up to 8 Systems. Netway can usher in Interactive education all over Cable Operators in mind. The Cable operator will premises. Each premise can have a low-cost Netway Inspite of the low-cost, Netway is a fully dually the country. HD-TV quality Video lectures can now find Netway easier than their existing coaxial LAN, which provides enough Netway Points redundant network (right till the Ethernet sockets), be given to classes, and homes distributed across the networks. The networks can be constructed, owned (Ethernet Sockets), for connecting Netway which provides carrier-class services to each home, country. Each student can give live feedback to the and operated entirely by medium sized cable Appliances in each room. CHOISpads and office, and public place. It also allows unlimited Lecturer using his CHOISer remote. operators, using their existing people. CHOISpcs can be connected to the Netway Points. These devices can then communicate to other premises to participate in a Virtual Private Network. A Cable operator can think of the Netway Gateway 1.2.2 Global Contents devices in the Cluster, in a Peer-to-Peer manner. 1.2 Netway Concepts Users don't need to buy audio/video/e-book as equivalent to his Splitter and the Netway Router contents anymore, they can use it anywhere, as equivalent to his co-ax Amplifier. The new The Access Router can also be connected to a 24x7 1.2.1 Smart Home anytime. Netway will have distributed storage of the Netway cabling is done on a roof-top to roof-top broadband connection. The internet can be shared Netway transforms each home into a Smart Home, entire heritage of the world, in all the living basis, following his existing co-ax cable routes. by all the CHOISpads and CHOISpcs. Now each with Ethernet points becoming as ubiquitous as of the CHOISpad can remain in contact with the languages. Netway ensures that Consumer wins first, followed Electrical points. The low-cost scalable Netway CHOIS Blade Server in the National Netway Head- The CHOISpad breaks all the languages barriers for by the Content Owner. With these two winning, the LAN in any premise can now be constructed by an end. Electrician himself. Internet appliances can be the Global Contents, and facilitates through Network Operator wins automatically. Formulae 1.3.1 Dth Cluster Operation plugged into these. automatic transliteration between languages. based Revenue sharing occurs between Content Providers, Content Aggregator and Network Each CHOISpad can, through the broadband The user-interface for Netway based services are A network wide DRM, allows the Global Contents connection, request for latest TV Guides, to move through-out the Network in an encrypted Operator. Inspite of the full-accountability, the provided by CHOISpad or a CHOISpc. CHOIS is Cable Operator can now earn much more. Programme Guides, Preview Books, Metafiles and pronounced "choice" and is an acronym for state. The decryption happens only when a content other light-weight items. The requests for any video "Converged Home & Office Integrated Services". is used, which also triggers electronic billing A fully redundant, low-cost Netway Head-end can content, not present in the cluster, also gets sent While CHOISpad is a Hexa-play set-side-box, A Content search occurs instantly, as it is done by

VI-18 VI-19 over this connection. All the billing and usage buildings. Neighboring buildings don't need to have accounting information is sent through this their own CHOIS Shelves. The Access Router in connection. The authentication of CHOISpad, those buildings simply need to be chained to the ABOUT THE SPEAKER Citizen Card occurs over this connection, as well as Access Router in the main building. This way they Mohan Tambe (48) obtained his B.Tech (1980) and M.Tech (1982) degrees from IIT, Kanpur, in the request for keys for decrypting encrypted can all use the common resources in the CHOIS the field of Electronics and Computer Science respectively. contents. Shelf itself. As the Cluster expands, the performance improves, due to the Peer-to-Peer He is the inventor of the successful GIST (Graphics & Intelligence based Script Technology) Each CHOISpad can be connected to a normal technology, which was funded by DoE (Dept. of Electronics, Govt. of India - now Dept. of nature of transfers. phone instrument, through an RJ-11 socket. The Information Technology) in 1983 at IIT, Kanpur. The GIST Technology was transferred by DoE phone now works as a VoIP phone, for PABX type Finally, one fine day, the low-speed broadband to 10 parties in 1986. access to other phones in the cluster. If the connection can be replaced by the gigabit Netway He formed the GIST Group for "Nurturing the Living Languages of the World" at CDAC in 1988. broadband speed is adequate, the VoIP phone can fibre coming form the Netway Head-end in the city. He developed the first commercial ASIC in India, GIST 9000 - for Processing Indian and other even allow talking to other Netway phones. Now the entire Local and Global Netway complex languages The technology transfer for this was done in 1990 to 25 companies. A Video Camera can be attached to a CHOISpad, connected to the Head-end, is available for Peer-to- Peer transfer. Video-conferencing, video-Mails are Mohan Tambe has invented several technologies, including LIPS (Language Independent using a PVR (Personal Video Recorder) attachment. Programme Subtitles/Dubbing) which is being used by Doordarshan. The Citizen ID Card possible between any CHOISpads within Netway. The output of this camera can be seen Technology, which was successfully transferred to many parties, was used for preparation of voter simultaneously from one or more CHOISpads in Once a Netway Cluster is subsumed in the Local ID cards. the Cluster. Video Conferencing between two Netway itself, the CHOIS Shelf is no longer He has 8 patents relating to GIST technologies when he had been working with C-DAC. CHOISpads can occur by equipping each with a needed. The CHOISpads in the CHOISpad Shelf PVR attachment and a Video Camera. Dedicated can now be moved to the Netway Head-end where He is the architect of Inscript Keyboard and ISCII Code. This code is now part of BIS Standard Video cameras, can be placed in reception, they will supplement the capacity of the Cluster (BIS 19134:1991), ISO and UNICODE. This is also used in the Microsoft Windows. auditorium, and for surveillance needs. Server. He has given a direction to the Land Records Computerization Mission of India during 1990-1994. Using the GIST technology, it has been possible for the Land Records to be maintained in the local Each CHOISpad in the Shelf is responsible for Thus, with time we will see the small DTH Clusters, languages. Streaming or recording the Channels or VOD sprouting all over the country, expanding and then contents coming from a DTH bouquet. Channels coalescing into bigger clusters and finally merging He founded Innomedia Technologies Private Limited in February, 1996 at Bangalore. He is the are streamed as IP Multicast Streams. This way it is into Local Netway itself. Separate DTH Clusters Managing Director. possible for the CHOISpads in the Cluster to be will then remain only in geographically isolated Developed CHOIS (Converged Home & Office Interactive Services) technology in 1997 for able to see a channel with pause/play while places, where Netway fibre is difficult to reach. ushering Interactive Media services into each home. simultaneously recording two other channels. 1.4 Conclusion During 1997 to 1999, he started CHOIS channel service from eight Cable TV head-ends in Some of the Shelf CHOISpads are also used for Much like the Qualcomm's famous CDMA Bangalore. During the same time, CHOIS InfoPlay Kiosk and CHIME technology for education network recording of chosen TV programs. These technology, Netway Technology will be licensed to were deployed in Bangalore. can then be accessed by other CHOISpads, without network operators, who in turn would deploy it Reliance took a major stake in Innomedia in 1999, to enlarge the broadband vision with global requirement of prior time scheduling. using Cable Operators as Franchisees. outlook. Video-on-Demand, will occur for all the titles Using a DTH and Broadband connection, a Netway A unique Hexa-Play set-top-box called CHOISpad was developed. This works as a Video available within the CHOISpads in the Clusters. Cluster can be initiated in any building or a society. Server/Player with Recording features as well as a VoIP phone. New titles would be added continuously in the Shelf This then can expand till it becomes part of the A unique "Ethernet Everywhere" network, Netway, was developed for providing upto 100 Mbit CHOISpads. Any title which is not available in the local Netway of the city. bandwidth to each CHOISpad. Netway, network is an example, of a disruptive technology, cluster, can be requested for, and will get delivered Netway like electricity, is designed to be an designed completely inhouse, which is ahead of any other network in the world. in the Shelf CHOISpad as soon as possible, via the infrastructure, which can enlighten every home, Netway network has been operating for last four years in Jamnagar township of Reliance and parts DTH. The titles downloaded will be error-free, as office and public place. It can allow India to become of Bombay and Bangalore, reaching to around 5000 CHOISpads. The user feedback has been the correction is done through the broadband an innovation leader in the world, and transform it overwhelming and the Network has been working reliably, even during the recent Bombay floods. connection. to a Developed Country. Today, Netway is poised for a Commercial Launch, all over the country, using a Franchisee model, in 1.3.2 Expansion Of Dth Cluster which the Cable Operators would be providing the Next Generation Internet services - affordable The Netway Cluster can expand to neighboring even in Rural areas.

VI-20 VI-21 over this connection. All the billing and usage buildings. Neighboring buildings don't need to have accounting information is sent through this their own CHOIS Shelves. The Access Router in connection. The authentication of CHOISpad, those buildings simply need to be chained to the ABOUT THE SPEAKER Citizen Card occurs over this connection, as well as Access Router in the main building. This way they Mohan Tambe (48) obtained his B.Tech (1980) and M.Tech (1982) degrees from IIT, Kanpur, in the request for keys for decrypting encrypted can all use the common resources in the CHOIS the field of Electronics and Computer Science respectively. contents. Shelf itself. As the Cluster expands, the performance improves, due to the Peer-to-Peer He is the inventor of the successful GIST (Graphics & Intelligence based Script Technology) Each CHOISpad can be connected to a normal technology, which was funded by DoE (Dept. of Electronics, Govt. of India - now Dept. of nature of transfers. phone instrument, through an RJ-11 socket. The Information Technology) in 1983 at IIT, Kanpur. The GIST Technology was transferred by DoE phone now works as a VoIP phone, for PABX type Finally, one fine day, the low-speed broadband to 10 parties in 1986. access to other phones in the cluster. If the connection can be replaced by the gigabit Netway He formed the GIST Group for "Nurturing the Living Languages of the World" at CDAC in 1988. broadband speed is adequate, the VoIP phone can fibre coming form the Netway Head-end in the city. He developed the first commercial ASIC in India, GIST 9000 - for Processing Indian and other even allow talking to other Netway phones. Now the entire Local and Global Netway complex languages The technology transfer for this was done in 1990 to 25 companies. A Video Camera can be attached to a CHOISpad, connected to the Head-end, is available for Peer-to- Peer transfer. Video-conferencing, video-Mails are Mohan Tambe has invented several technologies, including LIPS (Language Independent using a PVR (Personal Video Recorder) attachment. Programme Subtitles/Dubbing) which is being used by Doordarshan. The Citizen ID Card possible between any CHOISpads within Netway. The output of this camera can be seen Technology, which was successfully transferred to many parties, was used for preparation of voter simultaneously from one or more CHOISpads in Once a Netway Cluster is subsumed in the Local ID cards. the Cluster. Video Conferencing between two Netway itself, the CHOIS Shelf is no longer He has 8 patents relating to GIST technologies when he had been working with C-DAC. CHOISpads can occur by equipping each with a needed. The CHOISpads in the CHOISpad Shelf PVR attachment and a Video Camera. Dedicated can now be moved to the Netway Head-end where He is the architect of Inscript Keyboard and ISCII Code. This code is now part of BIS Standard Video cameras, can be placed in reception, they will supplement the capacity of the Cluster (BIS 19134:1991), ISO and UNICODE. This is also used in the Microsoft Windows. auditorium, and for surveillance needs. Server. He has given a direction to the Land Records Computerization Mission of India during 1990-1994. Using the GIST technology, it has been possible for the Land Records to be maintained in the local Each CHOISpad in the Shelf is responsible for Thus, with time we will see the small DTH Clusters, languages. Streaming or recording the Channels or VOD sprouting all over the country, expanding and then contents coming from a DTH bouquet. Channels coalescing into bigger clusters and finally merging He founded Innomedia Technologies Private Limited in February, 1996 at Bangalore. He is the are streamed as IP Multicast Streams. This way it is into Local Netway itself. Separate DTH Clusters Managing Director. possible for the CHOISpads in the Cluster to be will then remain only in geographically isolated Developed CHOIS (Converged Home & Office Interactive Services) technology in 1997 for able to see a channel with pause/play while places, where Netway fibre is difficult to reach. ushering Interactive Media services into each home. simultaneously recording two other channels. 1.4 Conclusion During 1997 to 1999, he started CHOIS channel service from eight Cable TV head-ends in Some of the Shelf CHOISpads are also used for Much like the Qualcomm's famous CDMA Bangalore. During the same time, CHOIS InfoPlay Kiosk and CHIME technology for education network recording of chosen TV programs. These technology, Netway Technology will be licensed to were deployed in Bangalore. can then be accessed by other CHOISpads, without network operators, who in turn would deploy it Reliance took a major stake in Innomedia in 1999, to enlarge the broadband vision with global requirement of prior time scheduling. using Cable Operators as Franchisees. outlook. Video-on-Demand, will occur for all the titles Using a DTH and Broadband connection, a Netway A unique Hexa-Play set-top-box called CHOISpad was developed. This works as a Video available within the CHOISpads in the Clusters. Cluster can be initiated in any building or a society. Server/Player with Recording features as well as a VoIP phone. New titles would be added continuously in the Shelf This then can expand till it becomes part of the A unique "Ethernet Everywhere" network, Netway, was developed for providing upto 100 Mbit CHOISpads. Any title which is not available in the local Netway of the city. bandwidth to each CHOISpad. Netway, network is an example, of a disruptive technology, cluster, can be requested for, and will get delivered Netway like electricity, is designed to be an designed completely inhouse, which is ahead of any other network in the world. in the Shelf CHOISpad as soon as possible, via the infrastructure, which can enlighten every home, Netway network has been operating for last four years in Jamnagar township of Reliance and parts DTH. The titles downloaded will be error-free, as office and public place. It can allow India to become of Bombay and Bangalore, reaching to around 5000 CHOISpads. The user feedback has been the correction is done through the broadband an innovation leader in the world, and transform it overwhelming and the Network has been working reliably, even during the recent Bombay floods. connection. to a Developed Country. Today, Netway is poised for a Commercial Launch, all over the country, using a Franchisee model, in 1.3.2 Expansion Of Dth Cluster which the Cable Operators would be providing the Next Generation Internet services - affordable The Netway Cluster can expand to neighboring even in Rural areas.

VI-20 VI-21 Wired v/s Wireless Platform

He has also designed a unique thumb-operated handy remote (U.S. Patent Pending), which allows easy typing of ASCII, ISCII and many other Language characters. Multiple such remotes can be used simultaneously, for allowing audience participation in a live event. He has 10 patents relating to CHOIS technologies.. Mohan Tambe was given the Distinguished Alumni Award, by IIT Kanpur in 2002, for his contributions to Indian Language technology. Mohan Tambe has been pursuing his passion for human mind research, since IIT Kanpur days. His breakthrough research in Human Mind, had been serialized by Computers Today, during 1995-96. He has significant breakthroughs in solving the mysteries of consciousness and thinking. His goal is to make a self-aware machine in the future.

Ms. Deepa Tyagi Department of Telecom, India

Abstract

The two main technological trends of today are "Mobile Communication" and "Internet" . Global mobile subscriber growth has been phenomenal from zero levels in 1992 to cross the landlines' billion by 2002 and climb to 2.5 billion by Sept. 2006. The cellular industry took 20 years to reach the 1 billion connections, three years to reach 2 billion connections and is expected to reach its third billion in a period of just two years. According to a report, a quarter of the 484 million new cellular connections established since Sept. 05 are in China and India. Expansion in both the markets is expected to continue in the future. India is already the fifth largest cellular market in the world after China, the USA, Russia and Germany. The net additions per month have exceeded in Indian have already exceeded those in China. DOT has set a target of 250 million subscribers by 2007 and 500 million by 2010. it is thus abundantly clear that it is the mobile segment that has accelerated the growth of tele-density in the past few years and it will continue to be the main engine of development in future. The paper lists the various broadband technology options in the Wireless arena and then goes on to compare these with the wireline technology options. The paper concludes on the premise that wireline and wireless technologies will continue to co-exist as complementing technologies rather than competing technologies with each technology having its strengths as well as weaknesses. The two may finally converge in the NGN environment, thereby providing seamless mobility to the end customer.

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Ms. Deepa Tyagi Department of Telecom, India

Abstract

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VI-26 VI-27 Session-7 Panel Discussion Broadcasting in India - Challenges Ahead

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Mr. Brijeshwar Singh All India Radio 27 28

Panelists : Dr. C. Muralikrishna ABOUT THE SPEAKER Advisor (ICT), Planning Comm. Deepa Tyagi an engineer from IIT, Roorkee and belonging to the Indian Telecom. Service Batch 1983-, has been in the Department of Telecom for the last 21 years. She worked in MTNL for five years and Mr. L. D. Mandloi worked in the Telecom Commission for 6 years before moving to the Telecom Engineering Centre DG, Doordarshan India as Director in charge of Data Communication Technologies such as X.25, Frame Relay and ATM. Currently, in her capacity as DDG (M), in Telecom Engineering Centre she is working on the Mr. Rajiv Mehrotra rd mobile technologies of 3 Generation and beyond. She has been actively involved in the Managing Trustee, PSBT finalization of specifications and validation of Wireless technologies / equipment of BSNL / MTNL. As part of the TEC Focus Group on Next Generation Networks, she is currently involved Mr. Vikram Kaushik in the standardization work pertaining to Fixed Mobile Convergence and 4G technologies. She has MD & CEO, TataSky represented India (DOT) in the study group meetings of ITU-T and ITU-R. Rajesh Sawhney President, Reliance Entertainment VI-28 Session-7 Panel Discussion Broadcasting in India - Challenges Ahead

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Mr. Brijeshwar Singh All India Radio 27 28

Mr. Brijeshwar Singh All India Radio

Mr. Brijeshwar Singh is the Director General, All India Radio since February 19, 2004. Prior to that he has worked in senior positions in the Government of India at Delhi and also in the Government of Tamil Nadu in Chennai. Mr. Singh has been a participant in All India Radio programmes since 1968 and also been a radio commentator for prestigious events like the Republic Day parade. He has a noted interest in the Indian Classical Music and he also has a long standing association with the Film Society movement. In several of his previous jobs in Government, he was entrusted with media campaigns including the media campaign for the Jawaharlal Nehru Centenary celebrations in 1989. He has a very keen interest in sports and played a key role in organizing the 9th Asian Games in New Delhi in 1982. Mr. Singh has a Post Graduate Degree in Economics from Delhi School of Economics and another Master's in Economics from Oxford University. Immediately before joining AIR he undertook Economic Analysis for the National Security Council in Delhi. Mr. Herman Gielen Mr. Singh has also worked for two years with the Food and Agriculture Organization Rohde & Schwarz, Germany of the United Nations. Mr. Singh is also Vice President of the Commonwealth Abstract Broadcasting Association (CBA). By the turn of the 19th century it became possible to capture and record sound. Since then the number of audio related applications has skyrocketed and many of these applications are nowadays part and parcel of our daily life. The quality of recording, processing and reproduction devices and equipment has also steadily improved over the years and with the digital audio technology and compression techniques introduced over the past 2 decades this quality has reached new heights. A good example here is the introduction of digital mobile phone technologies like GSM, and CDMA which brought unprecedented speech quality into the world of mobile communication. Digital audio technology was introduced even earlier in professional applications and digital audio consoles, routers and other equipment are now common in recording & broadcasting studios. However these developments have also brought new challenges for the audio and sound engineer who has to deal with this ever increasing technological complexity. This makes correct and reliable audio and sound measurements a demanding task especially for the newcomer in the field who is often left puzzled with questions like these: - How does one make correct use of CCIR weighting? - How do I perform measurements on AES/EBU interfaces in a studio setting? - What is 3GPP TS26.132 all about? - When do I need to take psycho-acoustic factors into account? - How do I display the measurement results in commonly understood form? No single measurement can assess all quality parameters. This workshop therefore introduces the newcomer to the various analog and digital audio measurements, explains various fundamental measurement aspects like weighting, filtering, scaling and noise in detail but also goes deeper into the world of audio related interfaces. During the demonstration of a practical test set-up the participants are also encouraged to discuss audio related T&M problems. Tutorials Assuring Audio Quality

Mr. Brijeshwar Singh All India Radio

Mr. Herman Gielen Rohde & Schwarz, Germany

Herman Gielen was born in 1962 in Belgium. He received his degree in Computer and Telecommunication Technology in 1984. He has long years of experience in software engineering and programming consultancy. In 2001 he joined Rohde & Schwarz in Singapore as a software and system engineer responsible for the development of new systems for the Asian market. He worked in the application fields of EMC, audio analysis and performance verification of T&M instruments. In April 2006 he joined the Asia/Pacific regional application support team as a senior application engineer, where his main focus of work is on television and broadcast applications.

Mr. R. Ganesh Tektronix, India Abstract

By the turn of the 19th century it became possible to capture and record sound. Since then the number of audio related applications has skyrocketed and many of these applications are nowadays part and parcel of our daily life. The quality of recording, processing and reproduction devices and equipment has also steadily improved over the years and with the digital audio technology and compression techniques introduced over the past 2 decades this quality has reached new heights. A good example here is the introduction of digital mobile phone technologies like GSM, and CDMA which brought unprecedented speech quality into the world of mobile communication. Digital audio technology was introduced even earlier in professional applications and digital audio consoles, routers and other equipment are now common in recording & broadcasting studios. However these developments have also brought new challenges for the audio and sound engineer who has to deal with this ever increasing technological complexity. This makes correct and reliable audio and sound measurements a demanding task especially for the newcomer in the field who is often left puzzled with questions like these: - How does one make correct use of CCIR weighting? - How do I perform measurements on AES/EBU interfaces in a studio setting? - What is 3GPP TS26.132 all about? - When do I need to take psycho-acoustic factors into account? - How do I display the measurement results in commonly understood form? No single measurement can assess all quality parameters. This workshop therefore introduces the newcomer to the various analog and digital audio measurements, explains various fundamental measurement aspects like weighting, filtering, scaling and noise in detail but also goes deeper into the world of audio related interfaces. During the demonstration of a practical test set-up the participants are also encouraged to discuss audio related T&M problems. Tutorials Assuring Video Quality

Mr. Herman Gielen Rohde & Schwarz, Germany

Mr. R. Ganesh Tektronix, India Abstract

ABOUT THE SPEAKER R. Ganesh has been working with Tektronix for over 18 years, with specialization in Test, Measurement and Monitoring industry. Having been trained at Tektronix R&D centers at Beaverton, USA and Cambridge, UK, He has shared a number of platforms, at various forums in imparting technical know-how to many people till date. He is a member of Video Business Unit,(Tektronix) Field advisory Board (FAB). Functions of the board member are to advise on strategic, tactical, and operational issues. He is well versed in Digital Terrestrial Transmission, Cross layer monitoring for DTH platform.MPEG-2, Next generation compression Like MPEG4, H.264 VC1 etc and Base band video like Analog, Serial digital and High Definition Television. He was earlier involved in imparting training to people on MPEG-2 DVB and ATSC standards (EPG, TELETEXT, DATA BROADCASTING) to industry and to S/W engineer in the field of development of Encoder, Decoder and Set-top box. He was Worked with Various System Integrator for DSNG Van. Proof of Concept shown at various Telcos for Video on demand over IP on Broadband network. He is Presently Team Leader responsible for Sales and Application support