Statistical Profile of Yarmouth County
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Statistical Profile of Yarmouth County Prepared by the Nova Scotia Federation of Agriculture 1 Contents 1.0 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 2 Agriculture in the Local Economy ......................................................................................................... 2 2.0 Population and Population Change .................................................................................................. 3 3.0 Economic Profile ............................................................................................................................... 4 4.0 Agricultural Profile of Yarmouth County........................................................................................... 6 4.1 Number of Farms .......................................................................................................................... 6 4.2 Farm Revenue ............................................................................................................................... 8 4.3 Farm Expenses ............................................................................................................................ 10 4.4 Land Use ...................................................................................................................................... 12 4.5 Farm Size ..................................................................................................................................... 13 Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................ 15 Appendix ..................................................................................................................................................... 16 2 1.0 Introduction Agriculture in the Local Economy Yarmouth County is home to a variety of farm production activities from fruit and tree nut farming to cattle ranching. In 2010, Yarmouth County farms reported a total of approximately $8.9 million in farm receipts which accounted for 1.5% of all receipts reported in Nova Scotia. In the same year, farms in Yarmouth County reported a total business operating expense of approximately $7.4 million. Thus, agriculture in Yarmouth produced a surplus of $1.5 million. In terms of employment, health care, trade, manufacturing, and natural resources are the dominant industries in the Southern region. Low employment in the agricultural industry may be due geographical limitations, climate, or a focus on other industries. Although the agri-tourism industry is not established in Yarmouth to the same extent that it is in other parts of Nova Scotia, there are several events that promote local agriculture. These agri-tourism projects include the Yarmouth Farmers Market, roadside farm markets, U-picks, and the annual exhibition. In addition to a decline in the number of farms since 2006, Yarmouth County has also experienced a decrease in the number of acres used for farming purposes. Indeed, Yarmouth County ranks 14th among all counties in regard to its use of arable land (“Yarmouth County,” para. 3). With 5% of arable land being used for agricultural production, Yarmouth falls below the provincial average of 13% (“Yarmouth County,” para. 3). It is clear that although agriculture is not a dominant industry in Yarmouth, there is potential for economic growth through agriculture. 3 2.0 Population and Population Change Between the years 2006 and 2011, Yarmouth County experienced a total population decline of 3.8% or a total of 1002 people. Table 1 demonstrates that, for the most part, Yarmouth experienced a decrease in population across all census subdivisions. The only area to experience an increase was the reserve in Yarmouth with a population increase of 1.3%. Yarmouth County’s rate of population change (- 3.8%) fell below that of Nova Scotia’s (0.9%). Table 1: Population of Yarmouth and Census Subdivisions, 2006-2011 Area 2011 2006 % Change Yarmouth County 25,275 26,277 -3.8 Argyle (Municipality) 8,252 8,656 -4.7 Yarmouth (Municipality) 10,105 10,304 -1.9 Yarmouth (Reserve) 157 155 1.3 Yamouth (Town) 6,761 7,162 -5.6 Note: Adapted from Statistics Canada, 2011. The population of Yarmouth County is predominately concentrated in rural regions. Since 2006, both rural regions and population centres experienced population declines of approximately 3% and 5.6% respectively. Table 2: Yarmouth County, Rural1 and Population Centres2, 2006-2011 2011 2006 Population % of Total Population % of Total Rural 18,514 73.3 19,115 72.7 Population Centre 6,761 26.7 7,162 27.3 Total 25,275 100 26,277 100 Note: Adapted from Statistics Canada, 2011. 1 In this case, rural refers to municipalities and reserves. 2 Population centre refers to an area of at least 1,000 and no fewer than 400 persons per square kilometer. Beginning in 2011, the term ‘population centre’ replaces the term ‘urban area’ from previous censuses. 4 3.0 Economic Profile In 2013, the Southern region (including Digby, Yarmouth, Queens, Shelburne, and Lunenburg)3 represented approximately 15% of the agricultural industry in Nova Scotia. Although, an estimate for Yarmouth County is not specifically given, the data indicates that its geographic region is a significant component to the agricultural industry in Nova Scotia. In comparison to the other industries in the Southern region, agriculture accounted for approximately 1.63% of all jobs in the region, which is higher than the provincial average of 1.17%. The industries with the highest employment in the Southern region were trade, health care and social assistance, manufacturing and natural resources (i.e. forestry, fishing, etc.). Table 3: Southern Region, Total Employment by Industry, 2013 3 The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) divides Nova Scotia into 5 geographical regions. The Southern region includes Digby, Yarmouth, Queens, Shelburne, and Lunenburg counties. According to the Labour Force Survey Estimates (LFS), some areas are too small to enable production of independent estimates from the survey. Thus, smaller regions with similar economic characteristics are grouped together. 5 % of Nova Scotia's % of Southern Region's Industry Nova Scotia Total Employment Southern Total Employment Total employed, all industries 453,800 100 49,100 100 Agriculture 5,300 1.17 800 1.63 Forestry, fishing, mining, etc. 11,200 2.47 4,200 8.55 Utilities 4,600 1.01 N/A N/A Construction 33,500 7.38 4,100 8.35 Manufacturing 30,600 6.74 5,900 12.02 Trade 73,000 16.09 8,000 16.29 Transportation and warehousing 19,600 4.32 1,400 2.85 Finance, insurance, real estate and leasing 22,100 4.87 1,000 2.04 Professional, scientific and technical services 27,800 6.13 1,500 3.05 Business, building and other support services 23,500 5.18 2,300 4.68 Educational services 36,700 8.09 3,900 7.94 Health care and social assistance 69,400 15.29 6,700 13.65 Information, culture and recreation 19,300 4.25 1,700 3.46 Accommodation and food services 29,000 6.39 3,300 6.72 Other services 18,600 4.1 2,300 4.68 Public administration 29,400 6.48 1,700 3.46 Note: Adapted from Statistics Canada, 2013. Figure 1 displays a clear comparison of the percentages of total employed by each industry in Nova Scotia and the Southern region. 20 15 10 5 0 Nova Scotia Southern Region % of Total Employed Industry Figure 1: % of Total Employed by Industry: Southern Region vs. Nova Scotia, 2013. 6 Note: Adapted from Statistics Canada, 2013. 4.0 Agricultural Profile of Yarmouth County 4.1 Number of Farms From 2006 to 2011, the total number of farms in Yarmouth County had decreased by two. Table 4 indicates that the predominant farm types in Yarmouth County were fruit and tree nut (29.7%) and cattle ranching (19.8%). While cattle ranching remains a dominant farm activity in Yarmouth, it had decreased from 26 to 18 farms (-30.77%) since 2006. On the other hand, other animal production, greenhouse, nursery and floriculture production, and other crop farming had all increase. All other types of farm production have either decreased or remained the same. Table 4: Yarmouth County, Total Number of Farms by Farm Type, 2006-2011 Farm Type 2011 2006 % Change # of Farms % of Total # of Farms % of Total Cattle ranching and farming 18 19.8 26 27.9 -30.77 Hog and pig farming 0 0 0 0 0 Poultry and egg production 1 1.1 0 0 0 Sheep and goat farming 4 4.4 6 6.5 -33.33 Other animal production 16 17.6 12 12.9 33.33 Oilseed and grain farming 1 1.1 0 0 0 Vegetable and melon farming 2 2.2 5 5.4 -60 Fruit and tree nut farming 27 29.7 30 32.3 -10 Greenhouse, nursery and floriculture production 6 6.5 5 5.4 20 Other crop farming 16 17.6 9 9.6 77.78 Total farms 91 100 93 100 -2.15 Note: Retrieved from Statistics Canada, 2011. In comparison to Nova Scotia, Yarmouth County had a higher percentage in cattle ranching; sheep and goat; other animal production; fruit and tree nut; and other crop farming. It is evident that the percentage of fruit and tree nut farming production (29.7%) in Yarmouth County was higher than that of the provincial percentage of 24.8%. The percentage of greenhouse, nursery and floriculture production in Yarmouth County fell below that of the provincial average by 7.6%. 7 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 % of Total Farms 0 Yarmouth Nova Scotia Farm Type Figure 2: % of Total Farms by Farm Type: Yarmouth County vs. Nova Scotia, 2011 Note: Adapted from Statistics Canada, 2011. Table 5 demonstrates that the municipality