SAIC MEDIA CENTER 100Mm 85Mm 50Mm 17Mm 8-15Mm Tilt Shift

ADVANCED LENSES V 10.0

SAIC MEDIA CENTER 100mm 85mm 50mm 17mm 8-15mm tilt shift

35mm 24mm 14mm 70-200mm

SAIC MEDIA CENTER Training Agenda

The following guide will include:

How are they like our eyes? How do lenses work? What types of lenses exist? What does the Media Center have to offer? How do lenses affect your image? How do you know what lens is appropriate for your work? Media Center Policies

SAIC MEDIA CENTER How are they like our eyes?

Cameras are similar to your eyes; many of the mechanisms, including the geometry, are analogous.

Cameras, like film, have undergone a steady evolution since they were invented. The reflex lens was crucial, as was film that would react quickly (and predictably) to light of different wavelengths.

Camera lenses and ﬁlters are now a fully evolved technology. The following diagrams depict some fundamental ideas that pertain to the optics of cameras.

SAIC MEDIA CENTER How do lenses work

Focal Length

In addition to magniﬁcation, it determines the angle of view and compression of the scene. This is quite important to remember so that you know where to stand and what lens to use to get the shot you want.

The longer the focal length (the larger the number in millimeters), the greater the magniﬁcation and the closer it will appear that you are to your subjects, but the narrower the angle of view will be.

SAIC MEDIA CENTER How do lenses work Focus Ring A ring on the lens of a camera that can be rotated to allow users to manually focus the camera. A more precise way to measure the focus is using a ruler to measure the distance between the sensor and object to ﬁnd the proper focus on the lens. Object Distance

SAIC MEDIA CENTER How do lenses work

Manual Focus

On the side of your lens, look for a switch labeled "AF - MF," which is short for Autofocus and Manual Focus, respectively. When you're ready to shoot in MF mode, switch your lens to that setting.

Turn the focus ring until your subject sharpens. Switch your camera to live view mode (where the LCD is your viewﬁnder). Tap the magniﬁer button to zoom in on your subject, and use the arrows on your camera to move the area of view.

SAIC MEDIA CENTER How do lenses work

Aperture Aperture refers to the opening of a lens' diaphragm through which light passes. It is calibrated in f/stops and is generally written as numbers such as 1.4, 2, 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11 and 16.

The lower f/stops give more exposure because they represent the larger apertures, while the higher f/stops give less exposure because they represent smaller apertures. This may seem a little contradictory at ﬁrst but will become clearer as you take pictures at varying f/stops.

SAIC MEDIA CENTER How do lenses work SAIC Media Center Use EF Mount

Lens Mount A lens mount is an interface — mechanical and often also electrical — between a photographic camera body and a lens. It is confined to cameras where the body allows interchangeable lenses, most usually the rangefinder camera, single lens reflex type or any movie camera of 16mm or higher gauge.

Canon EF Nikon F PL SONY SAIC MEDIA CENTER Mount Mount Mount What types of lenses exist?

SAIC MEDIA CENTER What types of lenses exist?

A zoom lens expands and contracts (internally or externally) and has an adjustable focal length.

A prime lens has a ﬁxed focal length.

SAIC MEDIA CENTER What types of lenses exist?

ZOOM PROs: PRIME PROs: • Versatility: the photographer can stand in • Optically better quality than zooms. one place and frame the image by • Can achieve wider apertures becoming zooming in or zooming out from a better for low light situations. subject. • Lighter than Zooms. ZOOM CONs: PRIME CONs: • Contain more glass elements. The more • With a prime lens, either you, or the subject, glass that light has to pass through, the may have to move to compose the shot you more chances are that the light is envision. degraded in some way. • You may have to carry multiple kinds of SAIC MEDIA CENTER lenses, making versatility decrease. Media Center Lens

SAIC MEDIA CENTER 24mm 35mm 50mm 85mm 100mm

Prime Lenses

Lens Type Prime Lens Prime Lens Prime Lens Zeiss Prime Lens Prime Lens (Marco)

Focal Length 24 mm 35 mm 50 mm 85 mm 100 mm

Maximum aperture F1.4 F1.4 F1.2 F1.4 F2

Minimum aperture F22 F22 F16 F16 F22

Diaphragm Blades 8 8 8 9 8

Max Format size 35mm Full Frame 35mm Full Frame 35mm Full Frame 35mm Full Frame 35mm Full Frame

Lens mount Canon EF Canon EF Canon EF Canon EF Canon EF

SAIC MEDIA CENTER 70-200mm 8-15 mm 14mm 17mm Tilt Shift

Zoom Fish Lens Eye

Lens Type Zoom Lens Lens Type Zoom Lens Prime Lens Prime Lens

Focal Length 70–200 mm Focal Length 8–15 mm 14 mm 17 mm

Maximum aperture F2.8 Maximum aperture F4 F2.8 F4

Minimum aperture F32 Minimum aperture F22 F22 F22

Diaphragm Blades 8 Diaphragm Blades 7 6 8

Max Format size 35mm Full Frame Max Format size 35mm Full Frame 35mm Full Frame 35mm Full Frame

Lens mount Canon EF Lens mount Canon EF Canon EF Canon EF

SAIC MEDIA CENTER How do lenses affect your image?

Focal Length for Figure Photography

SAIC MEDIA CENTER How do lenses affect your image?

Focal Length for Still Photography

SAIC MEDIA CENTER How do lenses affect your image?

Focal Length for Landscape Photography

SAIC MEDIA CENTER How do lenses affect your image?

Aperture Controlling Depth of Field

SAIC MEDIA CENTER How do lenses affect your image?

Aperture Controlling Depth of Field

SAIC MEDIA CENTER How do lenses affect your image?

Aperture Controlling Light

SAIC MEDIA CENTER How do lenses affect your image?

Diaphragm Blades

SAIC MEDIA CENTER How do lenses affect your image?

Perspective Distortion Achieved by Lens with focal length smaller than 20mm or Go Pro Camera.

Can be lens corrected using Photoshop.

SAIC MEDIA CENTER How do lenses affect your image?

Lens Flare Lens flare refers to a phenomenon wherein light is scattered or flared in a lens system, often in response to a bright light, producing an undesirable effect on the image. This happens through unintentional image formation mechanisms, such as internal reflection and scattering from material imperfections in the lens.

SAIC MEDIA CENTER How do lenses affect your image?

Macro Lens

A lens suitable for taking photographs unusually close to the subject.

SAIC MEDIA CENTER How do lenses affect your image?

17mm Tilt Shift Lens

Tilt shift lenses can be used to correct perspective distortion when photographing architecture.

Perspective distortions can also create surreal or dream like effects, evoking a sense of otherworldliness.

SAIC MEDIA CENTER How do lenses affect your image? 17mm Tilt Shift Lens

SAIC MEDIA CENTER How do you know what lens is appropriate for your work?

SAIC MEDIA CENTER Find your lens

Outdoor Figure Photography