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B29108986.Pdf Copyright Undertaking This thesis is protected by copyright, with all rights reserved. By reading and using the thesis, the reader understands and agrees to the following terms: 1. The reader will abide by the rules and legal ordinances governing copyright regarding the use of the thesis. 2. The reader will use the thesis for the purpose of research or private study only and not for distribution or further reproduction or any other purpose. 3. The reader agrees to indemnify and hold the University harmless from and against any loss, damage, cost, liability or expenses arising from copyright infringement or unauthorized usage. IMPORTANT If you have reasons to believe that any materials in this thesis are deemed not suitable to be distributed in this form, or a copyright owner having difficulty with the material being included in our database, please contact [email protected] providing details. The Library will look into your claim and consider taking remedial action upon receipt of the written requests. Pao Yue-kong Library, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong http://www.lib.polyu.edu.hk CONCEPTUAL RECOMBINATION: A SUB- CONCEPTUAL DESIGN THEORY FOR CULTURAL PRODUCT CREATION HUNG CHOR KIN Ph.D The Hong Kong Polytechnic University 2016 The Hong Kong Polytechnic University School of Design Conceptual Recombination: A Sub-conceptual Design Theory for Cultural Product Creation Hung Chor Kin A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Sep 2013 CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I hereby declare that this thesis is my own work and that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, it reproduces no material previously published or written, nor material that has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma, except where due acknowledgement has been made in the text. _____________________________________ (Signed) HUNG, Chor Kin (Name of student) iv To my wife Nicole who pledged her whole-hearted support for my part-time Ph.D. study in the past four years, while I was working full-time as a lecturer. I will never forget your tolerance, consideration, and love. To my parents who gave me wisdom and determination, I am proud to be your son. v Abstract In view of the popularity of conceptual design theories and the lack of a mutually agreed creative method for cultural product creation, this research study attempts to borrow the concepts of conceptual design theories to form a design theory for cultural product creation. It explores the nature of cultural products and concludes that there are commonalities in them at an ontological level, giving rise to cultural product ontology. Such an ontology provides a solid foundation for the development of the expected design theory. On the other hand, this research study regards functional reasoning of conceptual design as the theoretical reference for the formation of the expected design theory. This is because its design process is very similar to the creative processes of different cultural products that can also be described by the concepts of homeomorphism, a scientific account. Furthermore, the expected design theory works at a domain level, while conceptual design theories operate at a conceptual level. This research study, therefore, refers to Sloman’s two systems of reasoning and defines the expected design theory as a sub-conceptual design theory, namely, Conceptual Recombination. To connect Conceptual Recombination with cultural product ontology, this research study refers to the task model of application ontology to define their working relationship, since there is no method ontology in cultural product ontology due to the fact that there is not yet a commonly agreed creative method for different cultural product creations. Furthermore, there is a computational representation of Conceptual Recombination to demonstrate the operations and contributions of Conceptual Recombination as well as to provide a reliable creative method for the generation of exploratory and transformational creativity (ET-creativity) in the different parts of cultural products through a single-user Creativity Support Tool that takes in user unfinished work and produces representational and creative system vi outputs as continuations to the user input. Such a computational representation clearly explains the three levels of prediction of Conceptual Recombination that are in response to the concepts of functional reasoning. In addition, since Conceptual Recombination is also a prescriptive model, there is no proof of it. Instead, this research study uses cases to demonstrate its operations to reveal its contributions to cultural product creation. It concludes that Conceptual Recombination defines a new research area as regards sub-conceptual design theory and an objective creative method for different cultural product creations and the above-mentioned single-user CSTs. vii Publication Hung, E. C. K., & Choy, C. S. T. (2013). Conceptual recombination: A method for producing exploratory and transformational creativity in creative works. Knowledge- Based Systems, 53, 1-12. viii Acknowledgements I sincerely thank my main supervisor Clifford S. T. Choy to let me start and complete this research study. Since my master’s degree, Clifford has been giving me advice on my academic development. Especially when I had a difficulty in starting my Ph.D., his help was the most truthful. During my study, Clifford was very considerate about my full-time overseas teaching. My completion of this dissertation would not be possible without his sincere advice and understandings. Also, I would like to thank my co-supervisor Tang Ming Xi for pinpointing the importance of connecting my work with design together. It does have a much more complex connotation than what I knew in the past. Last but not least, I would like to thank the administration office of School of Design for providing me with the necessary information to smooth out my study. ix Table of Contents Abstract v Publications vii List of Tables xiv List of Figures xvi 1 Introduction 1 1.1 The Problem Domain and Approach………………………………. 5 1.2 Motivations and Applications…………………………………….... 6 1.3 Thesis Statement………………………………………………….... 7 1.4 Research Objectives and Scope……………………………………. 8 1.5 Original Contributions……………………………………………... 8 1.6 Dissertation Outline………………………………………………... 9 2 Literature Review 14 2.1 Overview………………………………………………………….... 14 2.2 Cultural Products……………………………………………..……. 15 2.2.1 Ontologies in Cultural Products...………………………….. 19 2.3 Conceptual Design Theories……………………………………….. 20 2.3.1 C-K Design Theory – A Conceptual Design Theory with a Creative Model……………………………………………... 26 2.3.2 Creativity in Conceptual Design…………………………… 28 2.4 Creativity Support Tools…………………………………………… 29 2.4.1 Computational Creativity…………………………………... 30 2.4.2 Defining CST………………………………………………. 33 2.4.3 The Applications of ET-creativity in CSTs………………... 35 2.5 Summary…………………………………………………………… 36 x 3 Methodology 39 3.1 Overview………………………………………………………….... 39 3.2 Prescriptive Model of Design…….………………………………... 40 3.3 Abduction in Design……………………………………….………. 42 3.4 Conceptual Design Theories with Prescriptive Models and Abductive Reasoning…………………...………………………….. 43 3.5 The Necessary Conditions for the Computational Representation of the Expected Design Theory……………………………………..… 46 3.6 Summary…………………………………………………………… 46 4 Conceptual Recombination as a Sub-conceptual Design Theory 49 4.1 Overview…………………………………………………………… 49 4.2 Conceptual and Sub-conceptual Levels……………………………. 50 4.3 Conceptual Recombination as a Sub-conceptual Design Theory….. 54 4.4 Summary…………………………………………………………… 54 4.4.1 Propositions for the Formation of Conceptual Recombination……………………………………………... 54 5 The Theoretical Framework of Conceptual Recombination 56 5.1 Overview………………………………………………………….... 56 5.2 Cultural Product Ontology…………….…………………………… 57 5.2.1 The Four Ontological Properties…………………………… 57 5.2.2 The Key Axiom…………………………….………………. 59 5.2.3 Yoshikawa’s General Design Theory……………………… 60 5.3 Conceptual Recombination as a Task Model for Cultural Product Ontology………………………………………………………….... 63 5.4 Preparing for the Computational Representation of Conceptual Recombination……………………………………………………... 66 xi 5.4.1 Cultural Product Ontology in a Single-user CST………….……………………………………………... 66 5.4.2 The Relation between Cultural Product Ontology and Conceptual Recombination in a Single-user CST………….. 67 5.4.3 The Conceptual Space for the Computational Representation of Conceptual Recombination……………... 68 5.4.4 The Application of ET-creativity…………………………... 70 5.5 Summary…………………………………………………………… 70 5.5.1 Propositions for the Formation of Conceptual Recombination……………………………………………... 71 6 The Operations of the Computational Representation of Conceptual 73 Recombination 6.1 Overview………………………………………………………….... 73 6.2 Conceptual Recombination as a Task Model for Cultural Product Ontology…………………………………………………………… 74 6.2.1 The Deconstruction Stage………………………………….. 75 6.2.2 The Reconstruction Stage………………………………….. 77 6.3 ET-creativity in Conceptual Recombination………………………. 84 6.4 Conceptual Recombination as a Sub-conceptual Design Theory with ET-creativity………………………………………………….. 87 6.5 Summary………………………………………………………….... 88 6.5.1 Propositions for the Formation of Conceptual Recombination……………………………………………... 89 7 Defining Computational Model for Conceptual Recombination 92 7.1 Overview………………………………………………………….... 92 7.2 Wiggins’s Creative Systems Framework…………………………... 93 xii 7.3 The 7-tuple Computational
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