BIXACEAE Christine Pang, Darla Chenin, and Amber M

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Comparative Seed Manual: BIXACEAE Christine Pang, Darla Chenin, and Amber M. VanDerwarker (Completed, April 22, 2019) This seed manual consists of photos and relevant information on plant species housed in the Integrative Subsistence Laboratory at the Anthropology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara. The impetus for the creation of this manual was to enable UCSB graduate students to have access to comparative materials when making in-field identifications. Most of the plant species included in the manual come from New World locales with an emphasis on Eastern North America, California, Mexico, Central America, and the South American Andes. Published references consulted1: 1998. Moerman, Daniel E. Native American ethnobotany. Vol. 879. Portland, OR: Timber press. 2009. Moerman, Daniel E. Native American medicinal plants: an ethnobotanical dictionary. OR: Timber Press. 2010. Moerman, Daniel E. Native American food plants: an ethnobotanical dictionary. OR: Timber Press. Species included herein: Bixa orellana 1 Disclaimer: Information on relevant edible and medicinal uses comes from a variety of sources, both published and internet-based; this manual does NOT recommend using any plants as food or medicine without first consulting a medical professional. Bixa orellana Family: Bixaceae Common Names: Lipstick tree, Annato, Achiote Habitat and Growth Habit: This plant is native to tropical regions in the Americas. Specific regions of origin include: Mexico, Ecuador, Brazil, and Bolivia. Additional regions of growth include the Caribbean, Africa, and India. Human Uses: There are multiple medical usages of Bixa orellana. One example used in Central America uses the oil derived from the seeds to treat leprosy. Another traditional medicinal usage includes drinking a tea made from the leafy branches to treat liver issues. Some other medicinal usages consist of a digestive stimulant and a diuretic. Moreover, nonmedicinal human usages include making a dye for food coloring body, paint, and lipstick. Sources Consulted: http://www.tradewindsfruit.com/content/lipstick-tree.htm, accessed April 22, 2019. http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=e852, accessed April 22, 2019. http://www.virtualherbarium.org/gl/bixa/bixaorellana.htm, accessed April 22, 2019. .

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Buitenzorg) KUNTH
CochlospermaceaeC.G.G.J. van SteenisBuitenzorg) 1. COCHLOSPERMUM KUNTH, Malvac. (1822) 6; DC. Prod. 1 (1824) 255; PLANCH, in HOOK. Lond. J. Bot. 6 (1847) 139, 294, 311; BOERL. Handl. 1, 1 (1890) 70; Cat. PI. H. B. 1 (1899) 49; RIDL. Fl. Mai. Pen. 1 (1922) 252; PILG. in E. & P. ed. 2, 21 (1925) 316; STEEN. Bull. J.B.B. Ill, 13 (1936) 519; BACKER, Bekn. Fl. Java 4a (1942) no 83. Trees (or shrubs), often deciduous, producing gum and an orange juice. Leaves spread, palmatilobed, often with domatia in the axils of the main ribs; stipules caducous. Flowers actinomorphic, bisexual, showy, mostly golden-yellow, pani- culate or racemose. Sepals 5 imbricate. Petals 5, imbricate or contorted, emarginate. Stamens with free filaments, anthers basi- ~, equal or subequal; 2-celled, linear, fixed, opening by introrse, short, often confluent pore-like slits. Ovary 1-celled with laminal placentas projecting into the cell, or perfectly or imperfectly 3-celled, the ovules upper portion remaining 1-celled; ~, style simple, stigma punctiform. Capsule 3—5-valved, valves of the endocarp separating from and alternating with those of the pericarp. Seeds covered by woolly hairs, mostly cochleate-reniform; endosperm copious, rich in oil; embryo large, conforming to the shape of the seed; cotyledons broad. Distr. in in Africa and Ca 15 spp., mostly trop. and subtropical America, some trop. SE. Asia, 3 species in N. Australia, rare in Malaysia; G. gillivrayi is possibly the only native Malaysian species. LAM assumed the genus to belong to the ‘antarctic’ type(Blumea 1 (1935) 135), but it is manifestly peri-tropical.
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In Vitro Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Phytochemical Screening of Cochlospermum Religiosum (L.) Alston - a Potent Medicinal Plant
ISSN (E): 2349 – 1183 ISSN (P): 2349 – 9265 4(1): 13–19, 2017 DOI: 10.22271/tpr.201 7.v4.i1 .003 Research article In Vitro antioxidant, antibacterial and phytochemical screening of Cochlospermum religiosum (L.) Alston - A potent medicinal plant Pooja Ponnamma, G. Manasa, M. S. Sudarshana, M. Murali and C. Mahendra* University of Mysore, Department of Studies in Botany, Manasagangotri, Mysore-570006, Karnataka, India *Corresponding Author: [email protected] [Accepted: 12 January 2017] Abstract: The work is undertaken to evaluate the preliminary phytochemicals, antibacterial and antioxidants activity of Cochlospermum religiosum leaf extracts with three solvents via chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol based on polarity index. The antibacterial activity was assessed against five bacterial pathogens like Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by well diffusion assay. Among the tested pathogens, the maximum zone of inhibition was observed against E. coli (26 mm) followed by P. aeruginosa (23 mm) in ethyl acetate extracts compare to other solvent extracts. Phytochemical analysis also revealed the presence of various pharmaceutically active secondary metabolites like alkaloids, phenolic, flavonoids, saponins, carbohydrates, proteins, glycosides, sterols, etc. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH scavenging, total phenolic and phospho- molybdenum method. In DPPH assay, ethyl acetate extract was found to be the most effective. Similarly, total phenols and phospho-molybdenum assay the methanol extracts was found to contained good sources of antioxidants. The outcomes of the present study specified the plant possess various potentially active secondary metabolites which help for the developing pharmaceuticals, especially antioxidant and antimicrobial drugs. Keywords: Cochlospermum religiosum, Phytochemical, Antibacterial, Antioxidants, DPPH.
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The Lipstick Tree
The lipstick tree MARY CAREY-SCHNEIDER grows Bixa orellana as an ornamental on her estate in Argentina but elsewhere it is grown commercially for the colouring agent obtained from the ripe fruit and seeds. Locally called annatto or achiote, the fruits of Bixa orellana have satisfied two important areas of man’s needs for many centuries, fulfilling both basic dietary demands as a spice or colorant in a myriad of recipes across the Central and Latin American continent, and his spiritual aspirations and vanity as a face and body photograph © Mary Carey-Schneider 40 Bixa orellana, the lipstick tree, growing as an ornamental in Argentina. It is from the dark red seed and pods that dye is extracted. For illustration of the seed, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Bixa_orellana_seeds.jpg paint. From the Caribbean to the Incas and the Amazon indigenous peoples, the orange-red pigment from this small tree has been used in everyday life as well as on feast-days and high days, forming part of their way of living. The so-called lipstick tree is an easily grown shrub that bears fruit prolifically; one of four genera in the family Bixaceae, it is found from the southern Caribbean to the South American tropics. Its common name in English is derived from the pigment made from the abundant seeds that are made into face and body paints. Although it is also used as a food and fabric pigment the crushed seeds also have some medicinal use, as it is said to be hallucinogenic and a mild diuretic.
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16 Bixaceae.Pdf
FLORA DE GUERRERO Editoras: Nell)' Diego-Pérez Rosa María Fonseca N° 16. BIXACEAE Lucio Lozada Pérez • Facultad de Ciencias, U AM. FLORA DE GUERRERO Editoras: Nelly Diego-Pérez Rosa María Fonseca No. 16. BIXACEAE Lucio Lozada Pérez Marzo 2003 Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM Flora de Guerrero N° 16 Bixaceae la edición, 2003 Diseflo de portada: Laura Uribe @Coordinación de Servicios Editoriales, Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM. ISBN de la obra completa: 968-36-0765-9 ISBN de este fascículo: 970-32-1058-9 Impreso y hecho en México COMITE EDITORIAL Jerzy Rzedowski Fernando Chiang Instituto de Ec%gla, A. C. Instituto de Bi%gla, UNAM Lourdes Rico Raquel Galván Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, IPN EDITORAS: Nelly Diego-Pérez Rosa María Fonseca Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM La Rora de Guerrero es un proyecto del laboratorio de Plantas Vasculares de la Facultad de Ciencias de la UNAM. Tiene como objetivo inventariar las especies de plantas vasculares silvestres presentes en Guerrero, México. El proyecto consta de dos series, la primera comprende las revisiones taxonómicas de las familias presentes en el estado y será publicada con el nombre de Rora de Guerrero; la segunda es la serie Estudios Rorísticos que comprende las investigaciones florísticas realizadas en zonas particulares de la entidad. Flora de Guerrero is a project of Plantas Vasculares laboratory in Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM. Its objective is to inventory the wild vascular plants in Guerrero, Mexico. The project has two series: the first embraces the taxonomic revisions of families present in the state and will be published with the name Flora de Guerrero; the second, Estudios Florísticos embraces the floristic researches carried out in sorne particular zones in the state.
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Appendix E Terrestrial Biology
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Caracterización Del Hábitat De Amoreuxia Wrightii (Bixaceae), Una
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On the Flora of Australia
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Familia Bixaceae
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Nuytsia the Journal of the Western Australian Herbarium
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2 ANGIOSPERM PHYLOGENY GROUP (APG) SYSTEM History Of
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