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Effects of Oxygen Deprivation on Pilot Performance and Cognitive Processing Skills: a Pilot Study

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Effects of Oxygen Deprivation on Pilot Performance and Cognitive Processing Skills: a Pilot Study Dissertations and Theses 8-2012 Effects of Oxygen Deprivation on Pilot Performance and Cognitive Processing Skills: A Pilot Study David Francis Shideler Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University - Daytona Beach Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.erau.edu/edt Part of the Aviation Commons, and the Cognitive Psychology Commons Scholarly Commons Citation Shideler, David Francis, "Effects of Oxygen Deprivation on Pilot Performance and Cognitive Processing Skills: A Pilot Study" (2012). Dissertations and Theses. 130. https://commons.erau.edu/edt/130 This Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. EFFECTS OF OXYGEN DEPRIVATION ON PILOT PERFORMANCE AND COGNITIVE PROCESSING SKILLS: A PILOT STUDY by David Francis Shideler A Thesis Submitted to the college of Aviation Department of Applied Aviation Sciences in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of the Degree of Master of Science in Aeronautics Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Daytona Beach, Florida August 2012 Acknowledgements First and foremost, I would like to thank my parents, David and Patricia Shideler, for their sacrifices, for encouraging me to pursue my passion for aviation leading me to ERAU in Florida, and for their advice and guidance in the development of this research project. I wish to thank all of the professors at ERAU who instructed and mentored me through the MSA program. Their passion and love for teaching inspired me to perform to my highest potential, which would never have been reached without their dedication. I want to give a special thanks to Jan Neal, Dr. Guy Smith, Dr. MaryJo Smith, and Dr. John French for editing my writing and for their friendships outside of the classroom, which have provided great counsel for enduring life’s troubles. Also, I would like to thank all of the students who participated in the study. Their names include Edwin Caldera, Bryan Weisenburger, Sarah Wendt, Eric Boyd, and Alan Houston. Finally, yet importantly, I would like to thank Tami Gibbs for all of the lab support which I could not have done on my own. I share this accomplishment with everyone mentioned above. Each one of you has played a key role in shaping me into the person I am today. iii Abstract Researcher: David Francis Shideler Title: Effects of Oxygen Deprivation on Pilot Performance and Cognitive Processing Skills: A Pilot Study Institution: Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Degree: Master of Science in Aeronautics Year: 2012 According to Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) regulations, pilots flying above 14,000 ft. are required to use supplemental oxygen. The purpose of this study was to examine how oxygen deprivation below 14,000 ft. affects pilot performance using the Frasca Mentor Advanced Aviation Training Device (AATD), and cognitive processing skills using the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM™) cognitive test. The study was conducted in a Normobaric High Altitude Laboratory at simulated altitudes of 5,000 ft. and 14,000 ft. In this pilot study, only five participants were tested; non-significant results of the analysis were anticipated; however, as oxygen levels decreased and time of exposure increased, cognitive processing skills decreased and pilot performance degenerated. The conclusion from this pilot study was that further research is warranted. iv Table of Contents Page Thesis Review Committee ............................................................................................... ii Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................... iii Abstract ........................................................................................................................... iv List of Tables .................................................................................................................. ix List of Figures .................................................................................................................. x Chapter I Introduction .............................................................................................. 1 Significance of the Study ............................................................. 1 Statement of the Problem ............................................................. 3 Purpose Statement ........................................................................ 4 Hypotheses ................................................................................... 4 Delimitations ................................................................................ 5 Limitations and Assumptions ...................................................... 5 Definitions of Terms .................................................................... 6 List of Acronyms ......................................................................... 7 II Review of the Relevant Literature ........................................................... 9 Federal Aviation Administration ................................................. 9 Code of Federal Regulations ........................................................ 9 Aeronautical Information Manual .............................................. 11 National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) ......................... 12 Advanced Aviation Training Devices (AATD) ......................... 12 v High Altitude Lab (HAL) .......................................................... 14 Hypoxia ...................................................................................... 16 Low Altitude Hypoxia ............................................................... 25 Cognitive Processing ................................................................. 26 Population .................................................................................. 28 Summary .................................................................................... 28 III Methodology .......................................................................................... 30 Research Approach .................................................................... 30 Design and Procedures ................................................... 30 ANAM™ ........................................................... 30 Manikin Test .......................................... 31 Mathematical Processing Task .............. 31 Switching Task....................................... 31 AATD Test......................................................... 32 Apparatus and Materials ................................................ 32 HAL ................................................................... 33 AATD ................................................................ 33 Population and Sample .............................................................. 34 Pilot Study .................................................................................. 34 Data Collection Device .............................................................. 34 ANAM™ ....................................................................... 35 Pilot Performance-AATD .............................................. 35 Instrument Reliability .................................................... 36 vi Instrument Validity ........................................................ 36 Treatment of the Data ................................................................ 37 Descriptive Statistics ...................................................... 37 Hypothesis Testing......................................................... 37 Reliability Testing .......................................................... 37 IV Results.................................................................................................... 38 Pilot Performance - AATD ........................................................ 38 Descriptive Statistics ...................................................... 38 Localizer Excursion ........................................... 38 Glideslope Excursion ......................................... 38 Target Speed Excursion ..................................... 39 Executed MAP Altitude ..................................... 39 Hypothesis Testing......................................................... 40 Localizer Excursion ........................................... 40 Glideslope Excursion ......................................... 41 Target Speed Excursion ..................................... 42 Cognitive Processing Skills - ANAM™ .................................... 42 Descriptive Statistics ...................................................... 42 Throughput Manikin .......................................... 43 Throughput Math ............................................... 43 Hypothesis Testing......................................................... 44 Throughput Manikin .......................................... 44 Throughput Math ............................................... 45 vii Reliability Testing .......................................................... 46 V Discussion, Conclusions, and Recommendations .................................. 50 Discussion .................................................................................. 50 Pilot Performance-AATD .............................................. 50 Descriptive Statistics .......................................... 50 Inferential Statistics ..........................................
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