PRISON BOWL XI: WE LOVE NO FISH Head Edited by Chloe Levine. Vice Head Edited by Gilad Avrahami and Daniel Ma. Section Edited by Chloe Levine, Gilad Avrahami, Daniel Ma, Sam Brochin, and Rachel Yang. Written by Hunter College High School Quiz Bowl (Chloe Levine, Gilad Avrahami, Daniel Ma, Sam Brochin, Rachel Yang, Ben Chapman, Asher Jaffe, Ella Leeds, Alice Lin, Brian Lu, Cerulean Ozarow, Abishrant Panday, David Godovich) with help from Matthew Lehmann (Chicago). Special thanks to Tadhg Larabee (Richard Montgomery), Ms. Caitlin Samuel, Mr. Ross Pinkerton, Lily Goldberg, Ms. Lindsay Samuel, Julia Tong (Darien), and Finnegan the Dog.
PACKET NINE
Tossups
1. One ruler of this country made it illegal to throw away ballots with his face on it and created the FUNK party. An embassy in this country was evacuated in Operation Eagle Pull, and its politics were long dominated by the Sangkum party. In this country, the Super Great (*) Leap Forward was started by a ruler who was formerly a teacher and set up the S-21 prison camp in a high school. That man declared himself Brother Number One. Along with Vietnam, the Kent State Massacre saw students protesting about incursions into this country once led by Pol Pot. For 10 points, name this country where the Khmer Rouge ruled, with capital at Phnom Penh. ANSWER: Cambodia [accept Kampuchea]
2. In response to one fighter in this battle throwing his weapons to the ground, one combatant reportedly said, “There’s a war going on here!” Some fighters in this battle escaped through a spontaneously constructed tunnel, and weapons used during this battle included cutlery. In one account of this battle, a tapestry turned to stone, and during this battle, an exclamation of (*) “Glisseo” preceded the creation of a slide. During this battle, a massive pile of furniture was destroyed by Fiendfyre. This battle included the destruction of four Horcruxes. For 10 points, name this fictional battle in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, which took place at its namesake school. ANSWER: Battle of Hogwarts [accept descriptions before the giveaway; prompt on Second Wizarding War; do not accept or prompt on “First Wizarding War”]
3. In a work by this writer, the subject does a “ritual dance around a center / in which a mighty will stands paralyzed.” This writer’s only novel was originally titled Journal of My Other Self before gaining its current title about Malte Laurids Brigge. This writer described an animal who “paces in cramped circles, over and over” behind bars in one work and wrote of an object “still (*) suffused with brilliance” before declaring, “You must change your life.” This writer behind “The Panther” and “Archaic Torso of Apollo” asked, “Who, if I cried out, would hear me among the angelic orders?” in a work titled for an Italian castle. For 10 points, name this German poet of the Duino Elegies. ANSWER: Rainer Maria Rilke
4. A young woman rests her foot on a globe in an unfinished allegorical work by this artist titled Truth Unveiled by Time. In another work by this artist, a dog is nearly kicked by the title figure’s elevated feet as she presses one arm onto a man’s face. This artist designed a gilt bronze reliquary for an large wooden chair now located in the (*) Vatican. This artist placed the Pamphili symbol, a dove, atop an obelisk in one work in the Piazza Navona. This artist of The Rape of Proserpina was commissioned by Cardinal Cornaro for a sculpture of Cupid angling an arrow toward the heart of an enraptured nun. For 10 points, name this Renaissance artist of Rome’s The Ecstasy of St. Teresa. ANSWER: Gian Lorenzo Bernini [or Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini]
5. This scientist used a radon-beryllium neutron source to induce radioactivity in one experiment, and pressure is exerted at absolute zero by his namesake gas. This scientist names the space between occupied and unoccupied electron states, which is his namesake “surface.” With (*) Dirac, this scientist names a distribution of energy states. This scientist’s paradox concerns the high probability but low evidence for aliens. A particle with half-integer spin that obeys the Pauli exclusion principle is named for this scientist who created a self-sustaining fission in Chicago Pile-1, which went critical in December 1942. For 10 points, name this Italian-born physicist who created the first nuclear reactor. ANSWER: Enrico Fermi
6. In this conflict, the losing side primarily used a Chassepot (“SHAS-po”) rifle which was actually superior to the famous Dreyse needle gun used by the other side. After the Battle of Gravelotte, one army in this war who had earlier lost the Battle of Wörth, was trapped at Metz. This conflict started in part due to a mistranslation of a (*) dispatch from the spa town of Bad Ems. During this war, Patrice de MacMahon led the entire Army of Chalons to capture in the Battle of Sedan, where Napoleon III personally surrendered his sword to Wilhelm I and Otto von Bismarck. For 10 points, name this 1870 war which led to the creation of the Third French Republic and the unification of Germany. ANSWER: Franco-Prussian War [accept Franco-German War; prompt on War of 1870 until mention; prompt on 70/71]
7.
In the touchdown variant of this process, the temperature is set a few degrees above the Tm of one species involved. This technique is frequently performed using magnesium chloride and dNTPs in a “master mix.” A 1993 Nobel Prize was partly won by an innovator of this technique, Kary (*) Mullis. One type of this technique is the real-time (q) application. The results of the initial cycles of this technique will always have extra sticky ends, and this technique includes thermal cycling. An enzyme used in this technique is extracted from Thermophilus aquaticus, which is known as Taq polymerase. For 10 points, name this laboratory technique used to clone a specific sequence of DNA. ANSWER: polymerase chain reaction [accept PCR]
8. One section of this work discusses the validity of Charles Fourier’s description of certain spaces as “mitigated jails.” According to Jürgen Habermas, one theory described in this work was subverted by the increase in reflexive labor. This work was the first to use the term “primitive accumulation,” which describes the origins of (*) class distinctions. In addition to the “value-form,” this work describes the attribution of seemingly intrinsic value to tradeable items, a concept known as “commodity fetishism.” The second and third volumes of this work were published posthumously by Friedrich Engels. For 10 points, name this seminal economic text by Karl Marx. ANSWER: Das Kapital [or Capital; accept Capital: Critique of Political Economy or Das Kapital: Kritik der politischen Ökonomie; accept Volume I added to any acceptable answer until “subverted”]
9. In one work in this genre, a woman is taken to the “booby hatch” after her husband sees a unicorn in their garden. One book by James Thurber is titled for works in this genre for Our Time, and one group of works in this genre is identified using the Perry Index. Jean de la Fontaine worked in this genre, and one work in this genre is the origin of the term (*) “sour grapes” and features a fox. In perhaps the most famous work in this genre, which was originally written by a slave, one character takes a nap halfway through a race, so a tortoise wins. For 10 points, name these short works featuring anthropomorphized characters and leading to a moral, many of which were written by Aesop. ANSWER: fables [accept Aesop’s fables; prompt on Aesopica; prompt on short story or short stories; do not accept or prompt on “fairytales” or equivalents]
10. This composer wrote a Sonata Militare for violin and orchestra based on the theme from the aria “Non più andrai” from The Marriage of Figaro. The inclusion of a bell in the third movement of this composer’s second violin concerto earned it the nickname “Rondo à la clochette.” That work was later adapted into a piano (*) étude by Franz Liszt titled “La campanella.” This composer of “The Hunt” and “The Devil’s Laughter” included parallel octaves and triple stops in his last in a series of works, which inspired a set of variations by Sergei Rachmaninoff. For 10 points, name this composer of 24 Caprices for Solo Violin, a 19th-century Italian virtuoso violinist. ANSWER: Niccolò Paganini
11. NOTE TO MODERATOR: The answer line for this tossup is long, so you may want to read it before you read the tossup to teams. Description acceptable. Due to one of these things, the coastal area between Cleveland and Toledo is known as “The Mistake by the Lake.” The Bethune-Hill case was about these things, also the subject of Colegrove v. Green, in which Justice Frankfurter stayed out of the “political thicket.” That decision was modified by (*) Baker v. Carr. A case about these things argued in 2017 is Gill v. Whitford and relies on the “efficiency gap.” These things may be created by packing or cracking. A process named for a politician named Elbridge changes these things to favor a group and is called gerrymandering. For 10 points, name these boundaries which define the constituent areas of congressional representatives. ANSWER: boundaries of legislative districts [accept any all reasonable equivalents and descriptive answers; accept electoral or congressional or voting or political or representative or anything else reasonable in place of “legislative”; accept borders and equivalents in place of “boundaries”; prompt on district boundaries or districts and equivalents; prompt on boundary or boundaries and equivalents until mention; prompt on voting or votes elections; do not accept or prompt on “state boundaries” or “state borders”]
12. In this country, a ruined palace is present in Gbadolite. Malebo Pool lies on this country’s main river, which is navigable from there until Boyoma Falls, requiring land travel from this country’s ports of Matadi and Boma. This country's South Kasai region has its capital at (*) Mbuji-Mayi. The Ebola River lies in the northern part of this country, as does the Ituri Rainforest. This country’s mineral rich state of Katanga seceded in its namesake crisis, which ended in the rule of a man who Africanized its colonial names, including the cities Stanleyville and Leopoldville. For 10 points, name this country with capital Kinshasa. ANSWER: Democratic Republic of the Congo [accept Congo-Kinshasa before mention]
13. Dorothy L. Sayers described this event in He That Should Come, and one structure at the supposed site of this event is thought to be associated with Tammuz. The Quran reports that this event took place next to a palm tree. Some thinkers link this past event to the (*) “star-and-scepter” prophecy, and the Book of Matthew claims that after this event, some figures were told to “[g]o and search diligently.” The anniversary of this event is celebrated twelve days before the Epiphany, timing which some scholars say was designed to coincide with a pagan feast day in early winter. For 10 points, name this event which is portrayed in Nativity plays on Christmas. ANSWER: the birth of Jesus [accept equivalents like the birth of Christ or the birth of Isa; accept nativity until mention; prompt on answers with Messiah in place of “Jesus”; prompt on Christmas until mention]
14. These compounds can behave as ligands according to the Dewar-Chatt-Duncanson model, and they can be converted into alcohols through the oxymercuration-demercuration process. These products can be formed as a byproduct of disproportionation during petroleum cracking. These compounds cause a color change in (*) bromine. Which of these compounds will result from an elimination reaction can be predicted with Zaitsev’s rule. Molecules comprised of one of these compounds with two carbons make up the most common plastic. The empirical formula for these compounds is CH2. For 10 points, name these hydrocarbons which contain at least one double bond. ANSWER: alkenes [prompt on hydrocarbons or organic molecules and equivalents; do not accept or prompt on “alkanes”; do not accept or prompt on “alkynes”]
15. In one work by this author, the role of the senex is fulfilled by Kno’well, while Kitely fears his wife’s infidelity. A poem by this writer urges the title woman to “leave a kiss but in the cup” and is addressed to Celia, whom he asks to “Drink (*) to me only with thine eyes.” This writer who featured Brainworm in Every Man in His Humour wrote about Corbaccio and Corvino falling for the tricks of Mosca. In another play by this author, Jeremy disguises himself as Captain Face after Lovewit’s departure from London. A pioneer of comedy of humours, for 10 points, name this Shakespearean era playwright behind Volpone and The Alchemist. ANSWER: Ben(jamin) Jonson
16. QR 322 was the first body to be discovered at one of this body’s Lagrangian points. Three arcs of a ring of this object share names with the French national motto; that ring is the Adams ring. One moon of this planet has the longest semi-major axis of any moon in the solar system. Bodies in a 1:2 orbital resonance with this planet are known as twotinos. The largest moon of this planet, which has a (*) retrograde orbit, may have been captured from the nearby Kuiper belt and is Triton. The location of this planet was predicted by Urbain Le Verrier and along with Uranus, this planet is often referred to as an “ice giant”. For 10 points, name this 8th planet from the sun. ANSWER: Neptune
18. One member of this party controversially gave a diplomatic speech in English after negotiating for the acquisition of a Mediterranean island. One member of this party resolved the Fashoda crisis before this party’s victory in its country’s first “khaki” election. This party was accused of the “Bulgarian horrors” during an opponent’s (*) “Midlothian campaign.” A foreign secretary from this party issued a statement supporting a “national home” in an Ottoman area. That man, Arthur Balfour, had been succeeded as Prime Minister by the Liberal Henry Campbell-Bannerman. For 10 points, name this British party of Benjamin Disraeli and Margaret Thatcher, also known as Tories. ANSWER: Conservative Party [accept Tories until mention]
19. This figure’s father was jealous after his nephew invented the saw, and so threw him off a cliff. Athena saved that nephew by turning him into an animal that she also imprinted on this figure’s father as a scar. In one poem named for this figure, “the whole pageantry / of the year was / awake tingling / near / the edge of the sea.” In another poem, this figure’s death is “not an important failure” to a (*) ploughman. That poem by W. H. Auden is titled “Musée des Beaux Arts” after the museum which holds Bruegel’s “Landscape with the Fall of” this figure. For 10 points, name this son of Daedalus, who dies when his wax wings melt after flying too close to the sun. ANSWER: Icarus [accept Iapyx or Iapis until “whole pageantry”]
20. While talking to Stanley, one character with this last name suddenly decides to create a garden, lamenting, “I don’t have a thing in the ground.” That character with this last name idolizes a man who did work from his hotel room, Dave Singleman. One character with this last name plans to sell sporting equipment with a plan called the “Florida idea.” Another character with this last name steals a (*) fountain pen and is often accompanied by flute music. That wife of Linda with his last name crashes a car and dies to give his family his life insurance money. For 10 points, identify this last name of Happy, Biff, and Willy, characters created by Arthur Miller for Death of a Salesman. ANSWER: Loman [or the Lomans or the Loman family; prompt on the family from Death of a Salesman and equivalents until mention]
TB. The Miller process uses this element to purify gold. Attaching this element to dibenzodioxins forms PCDDs and the Deacon process isolates this element. An acid with this element is used in the Wohlwill process to refine gold and this element forms at the anode of a Downs cell. This element has the highest (*) electron affinity, and carbon, fluorine, and this element form ozone-depleting chemicals commonly known as CFCs. With hydrogen, this element forms stomach acid and along with sodium, this element forms table salt. For 10 points, name this halogen commonly used to disinfect swimming pools. ANSWER: chlorine [prompt on Cl]
1. This novel contains a scene in which Miss Havisham spontaneously combusts in her decades-old wedding dress and dies. For 10 points each, [10] Name this novel that ends with its protagonist taking a widow’s hand in the ruins of the Satis House, and stating that he sees “no shadow of another parting from her.” ANSWER: Great Expectations [10] This author of Great Expectations also wrote works like A Christmas Carol, A Tale of Two Cities, and Oliver Twist. ANSWER: Charles Dickens [10] In Great Expectations, this character serves as a teacher for many of the orphans in Pip’s village. Pip attempts to propose to this character, but finds out that she has gotten married to his ex-brother-in-law Joe Gargery. ANSWER: Biddy
2. For 10 points each, identify some musical instruments in which American roots revival music is rooted. [10] This instrument has six strings which are usually made of nylon or steel. Fans were outraged when Bob Dylan switched from one of these instruments to an electric equivalent at the Newport Folk Festival in 1965. ANSWER: acoustic guitar [anti-prompt on Dobro; do not accept or prompt on “electric guitar”] [10] The host of Live from Here, Chris Thile, plays this non-banjo instrument with four courses of double strings. Bo Burnham mentions this instrument in “Pandering,” and Pablo Picasso often painted them. ANSWER: mandoline [10] This instrument often used in American roots revival is also prevalent in Eastern European and Romani music and was used by Franz Liszt in pieces including Hungarian Rhapsodies. It is played with a spoon-shaped mallet. ANSWER: hammered dulcimer [accept four-hammer dulcimer; accept cimbalom; accept Hackbrett; accept salterio; accept santur or santoor; accept tsymbaly; accept tympanon; accept yangqin; do not accept or prompt on “hammer” alone; do not accept or prompt on “lap dulcimer”]
3. For 10 points, name some quantities that have something to do with position and time. [10] This is the first derivative of position with respect to time. One half times mass times the magnitude of this vector quantity squared gives kinetic energy. ANSWER: velocity [do not accept or prompt on “speed”] [10] This quantity is the integral of position with respect to time. Measured in meter-seconds and symbolized A, it can be useful for calculating the flow of water through a valve of changing width. ANSWER: absement [accept absition] [10] This is the third derivative of position with respect to time, otherwise known as the rate of change of acceleration. Changes in this quantity cause the namesake situation to occur. ANSWER: jerk
4. Alternatives to using these objects include writing a certain name on the soles of one’s shoes and stomping. For 10 points each: [10] Identify these noise-makers used to drown out the name “Haman” on a certain holiday, except in Spain and Portugal where their use is considered impolite. The original or Yiddish word for these objects is acceptable. ANSWER: graggers [accept ra’ashan; prompt on ratchets] [10] Graggers are used on this spring holiday, which celebrates the failure of Haman’s plans due to the work of Mordecai and Esther. Traditions on this holiday include wearing costumes and getting extremely drunk. ANSWER: Purim [accept Seudat Purim; prompt on Seudat mitzvah] [10] Purim is a holiday in this Abrahamic religion. Hasidism is a sect within this religion, and comments reflecting prejudice against adherents to this religion are referred to as anti-Semitic. ANSWER: Judaism [accept Jews or Jewish]
5. For 10 points each, name some things about “armies” in U.S. history that are not the U.S. Army. [10] This president allowed Douglas MacArthur to crush the Bonus Army, a group of World War I veterans demanding pay. Their economic strife was exacerbated by the Great Depression, which began under this president. ANSWER: Herbert (Clark) Hoover [10] This “army,” led by a namesake Ohio businessman, was actually a major national protest march on Washington. It protested an ongoing economic depression and sought an increase in government jobs. ANSWER: Coxey’s Army [10] The “Watermelon Army” was sent under Light Horse Harry Lee to defeat this insurrection, which began after Pennsylvania farmers attacked John Neville’s house. ANSWER: Whiskey Rebellion [or Whiskey Insurrection]
6. This artist depicted a world with three sources of gravity in the lithograph Relativity. For 10 points each: [10] Name this mathematically inspired artist known for tessellations and complex staircase designs. He created Hand with Reflecting Sphere and his name appears in the title of a Douglas Hofstadter book with Gödel and Bach. ANSWER: M(aurits) C(ornelis) Escher [10] Another artist fond of using optical illusions and mathematical concepts was this Spanish surrealist who painted Swans Reflecting Elephants and showed clocks melting in The Persistence of Memory. ANSWER: Salvador (Domingo Felipe Jacinto) Dalí (i Domènech, Marquis of Dalí de Púbol) [10] Dalí painted a depiction of the crucifixion scene titled in part for this shape. That painting featuring the net of this shape represents the possibility of believing in both science and religion. ANSWER: hypercubes [or tesseracts; accept Crucifixion (Corpus Hypercubus)]
7. For 10 points each, identify some things about the Oulipo literary movement. [10] Oulipo was a group which wrote under given constraints and consisted mostly of writers from this country. Writers from this country include Raymond Queneau and the author of “The Necklace.” ANSWER: France [accept the French Republic] [10] One Oulipian constraint, S+7, relies on replacing each noun in a text with the noun found seven entries after it in one of these reference texts. Samuel Johnson compiled one of these texts for the English language. ANSWER: dictionary [accept dictionaries] [10] One of the best known works produced by Oulipo was A Void by Georges Perec, which has this unusual characteristic, almost entirely shared by the Ernest Vincent Wright novel Gadsby. ANSWER: it doesn’t have the letter e [accept equivalents]
8. A massacre in which shots were intentionally fired at the five exits took place at a location in this city with high walls on all sides. For 10 points each: [10] Name this Punjab city where that massacre occurred in the Jallianwala Bagh. A later raid of the Golden Temple in this city, Operation Blue Star, led to the assassination of Indira Gandhi by her Sikh bodyguards. ANSWER: Amritsar [accept Ramdaspur; accept Ambarsar] [10] This British colonel was originally praised for perpetrating the Amritsar massacre to brutally punish disobedience of an order of curfew. He was eventually relieved of command as details of the massacre came to light. ANSWER: Reginald (Edward Harry) Dyer [10] Martial law was imposed in Amritsar due to protests in connection with this man’s satyagraha movement. He led the Indian independence movement as a proponent of nonviolence, and famously conducted a salt march. ANSWER: Mohandas Gandhi [accept Mahatma Gandhi; prompt on Gandhi]
9. This type of display is commonly used in smartphones, and computers. For 10 points each: [10] Name this type of display that relies on its namesake entities in between two polarizing filters to either let a backlight pass through or not. It is often used in televisions and other electronic displays. ANSWER: liquid crystal display [or LCD] [10] In smartphones, this implement is often used to interact with the user interface and is analogous to the mouse in PCs. Steve Jobs called this implement as the “best pointing device,” and its namesake “print” can unlock several iPhone models. ANSWER: a finger [accept a digit and other obvious equivalents] [10] In 2013, Apple released iOS 7, which removed this design concept that led to many app icons looking like their real-world counterparts. An example of this concept was making the “Notes” app icon look like a real legal pad. ANSWER: skeuomorphism [accept word forms] (“skew-uh-MORF-ism”)
10. This god got impatient as Black God was carefully arranging constellations and threw all the remaining stars into the sky, forming the Milky Way. For 10 points each: [10] Name this trickster god of Native American mythology. ANSWER: Coyote [10] Coyote caused one of these events when he stole Water Buffalo’s children. Other examples include one that only Noah and the other occupants of his ark survived. ANSWER: floods [accept world floods and other obvious equivalents] [10] In one story, Coyote fooled a giant who was terrorizing children into thinking that he would be able to run as fast as Coyote if he allowed him to perform this action, but the giant then ran even slower than the children. ANSWER: breaking his leg [accept obvious equivalents; anti-prompt on spitting on his broken leg]
11. For 10 points each, answer these questions about elements named after supernatural beings. [10] This element gets its name from the German word for “goblin,” because its compounds made copper ore unusable and toxic. Its isotope 60 is used in radiation therapy. ANSWER: cobalt [prompt on Co] [10] This toxic element named for a Roman messenger god is one of only two periodic table elements to be liquid at room temperature, the other being bromine. It was once often used in thermometers. ANSWER: mercury [prompt on Hg] [10] All the isotopes of this lanthanide element with atomic number 61 are radioactive. It was first produced at a Tennessee laboratory in 1945. ANSWER: promethium [prompt on Pm]
12. In this short story, Sibyl Carpenter complains about how one character let Sharon Lipschutz sit next to him on a piano bench. For 10 points each: [10] Name this short story in which Seymour Glass tells Sibyl about the title mythical animals while at the beach. This story ends with an abrupt suicide. ANSWER: “A Perfect Day for Bananafish” [10] “A Perfect Day for Bananafish” is a work by this author, who also wrote about Holden Caulfield in The Catcher in the Rye. ANSWER: Jerome David Salinger [10] In “A Perfect Day for Bananafish,” this character, Seymour’s wife, is unconcerned with his bizarre behavior, although this character’s mother believes that Seymour has been discharged from a psychiatric hospital too hastily. ANSWER: Muriel Glass [prompt on Glass]
13. This leader fought his country’s northern neighbor in what is sometimes called the Liberation War. For 10 points each: [10] Name this first leader of Tanzania led the TANU and whose concept of “ujamaa” combined socialism with African tradition. He was succeeded by Ali Hassan Mwinyi. ANSWER: Julius (Kambarage) Nyerere [10] Nyerere was key in unifying Tanganyika and this semi-autonomous group of islands, once ruled by the Sultan of Oman, into the unified state of Tanzania. ANSWER: Zanzibar [accept Zanjibar] [10] This document by Nyerere and the TANU is essentially a platform for African socialism. This document’s TANU “Creed” asserts the equality of human beings and the fundamental right to “dignity and respect.” ANSWER: Arusha Declaration [accept Azimio la Arusha; prompt on Policy on Socialism and Self Reliance]
14. This comedian co-starred with Nick Kroll in the Broadway show Oh, Hello. For 10 points each: [10] Name this comedian behind the New In Town comedy special who claims that people who see him think, “That tall child looks terrible!” ANSWER: John (Edmund) Mulaney [10] Mulaney was nominated for an Emmy for this comedy special, which includes jokes about pretending to eat dinner in front of a dog named Petunia and a man proclaiming, “Too old to be a duckling. Quack quack!” ANSWER: John Mulaney: The Comeback Kid [10] In The Comeback Kid, Mulaney describes meeting this 1990s president, on whom his mother had a crush in college. That bit about this man features the immortal line, “You have the moral backbone of a chocolate éclair.” ANSWER: William “Bill” Jefferson Clinton [accept William “Bill” Jefferson Blythe III; prompt on William “Bill” Jefferson Blythe]
15. This man’s teachings are compiled in the Analects. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this Chinese philosopher whose namesake school of thought includes five key relationships and the value of filial piety. ANSWER: Confucius [accept Confucianism] [10] This scholar, known as the “second Sage,” elaborated on Confucianist ideas and argued that human nature is good. This man’s mother is often used as an ideal for Chinese women. ANSWER: Mencius [accept Mengzi; accept Meng Ke or Meng Ko; prompt on Meng; do not accept “Micius” or “Mo Zi”] [10] Mencius argued for innate goodness in people by describing a child performing this action, an example used to illustrate the Four Beginnings. ANSWER: falling down a well [accept equivalents; prompt on partial; prompt on getting an injury and equivalents]
16. In connection with this movement, the “Silence Breakers” were named Time’s Person of the Year for 2017. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this movement with a namesake hashtag in which women are admitting to having experienced sexual harassment or assault, especially in the workplace. It is related to the Time’s Up movement. ANSWER: #MeToo [prompt on anything relating to workplace sexual harassment or assault; prompt on the reckoning] [10] Although the #MeToo movement has only come into the spotlight recently, the phrase “me too” has been used since 2006, when Tarana Burke posted it on this social network, often considered a predecessor to Facebook. ANSWER: Myspace [10] Actress Catherine Deneuve controversially signed an open letter criticizing a French offshoot of the Me Too movement, which encourages women to expose this thing, for jeopardizing fliration and demonizing men. ANSWER: your pig [accept ton porc; accept #BalanceTonPorc or #ExposeYourPig or #DenounceYourPig]
17. For 10 points each, name some things about contemporary Chinese literature. [10] Works by the satirical Yan Lianke often confront social issues; for example, Dreams of Deng Village focuses on people who suffer from this disease caused by HIV, also the focus of Angels in America and the musical Rent. ANSWER: AIDS [accept acquired immune deficiency syndrome] [10] In 2000, the Nobel Prize for Literature went to Gao Xingjian (“GOW SHING-jen”), the author of Soul Mountain and a book titled One Man’s [one of these texts]. Barbara Kingsolver wrote about a “poisonwood” one of these texts. ANSWER: Bibles [accept One Man’s Bible; accept The Poisonwood Bible; accept Yī gè rén de Shèngjīng] [10] In 2012, another Chinese writer, Mo Yan, won the Nobel. He is best known for this multivolume novel which follows three generations of a family and is titled for the main crop of Mo’s hometown. ANSWER: Red Sorghum: A Novel of China [accept Red Sorghum Clan; accept Red Sorghum Family; accept Hóng Gāoliáng Jiāzú]
18. This symphonic work was premiered by Hans Richter in Vienna in 1880. For 10 points each: [10] Name this symphony in E-flat major that was originally set to a program of a medieval European scene. In one of seven versions the composer wrote for this work, he added a “hunt” scherzo in 2/4 (“two four”) time that included the markings “Jagdthema” and “Volksfest.” ANSWER: Romantic Symphony [accept but do not otherwise reveal Anton Bruckner’s Symphony No. 4; prompt on Symphony No. 4] [10] The Romantic Symphony was the fourth written by this German composer. He is said to have written a cymbal crash into his seventh symphony upon hearing of the death of Wagner, whom he fervently admired. ANSWER: (Josef) Anton Bruckner [10] After his D minor symphony was harshly received by critics, Bruckner renamed it “Die Nullte” and assigned it this numerical value. This is also the number of keys on a double bass, and the number of strings on a trumpet. ANSWER: zero [do not accept “nil,” “nothing,” “none,” “zip,” “nada,” “zilch,” “bagel,” “diddly-squat,” or any other synonym that does not explicitly state the number]
19. Hemophiliacs have difficulty forming these structures. For 10 points each: [10] Name these structures, also known as thrombi, which often occur when people are stationary long periods of time. These structures are formed via coagulation. ANSWER: blood clot [10] When a blood clot from a deep vein thrombosis travels to the lungs, an embolism described by this adjective occurs. A major blood vessel leaving the heart is an artery described by this adjective. ANSWER: pulmonary [accept pulmonary embolism pulmonary artery] [10] It’s not heparin, but this anticoagulant can be used to treat pulmonary embolisms and is sometimes sold under the brand name Coumadin, although it was originally used as rat poison. ANSWER: warfarin
20. Muhammad Ali nearly succeeded in putting down a rebellion in this country. For 10 points each: [10] Name this historical country that gained independence in 1832 with its initial capital at Nafplio. Its capital was soon moved to Athens. ANSWER: Greece [accept Hellas; do not accept or prompt on “Hellenic Republic”] [10] A treaty signed in this city led to British, French, and Russian involvement in the Greek War of Independence, allowing them to fight in the Battle of Navarino. A convention in this city closed certain straits to warships. ANSWER: London [10] After the Greek War of Independence, a German with this name became the first modern King of Greece. Another ruler with this name was described in one work by Widukind of Corvey. ANSWER: Otto [accept Otto I or Otto the Great or Otto of Greece]
TB. In one climactic scene in this opera, the orchestra plays a highly dissonant chord combining a low A dominant seventh with a high F-sharp major, leading to its label as “the most sickening chord in all opera.” For 10 points each: [10] Name this opera that features the title character performing the “Dance of the Seven Veils” in front of her monarchical relative Herod. She is later offered the sacred veil of the Temple to dissuade her from requesting the head of a prophet on a silver platter. ANSWER: Salome [10] At the end of the opera, Salome is killed after passionately kissing the severed head of this character, who is also a biblical figure. Salome outwits the guard Narraboth to speak to this character, a prisoner of Herod. ANSWER: Saint John the Baptist [accept Jochanaan] [10] This prolific German composer wrote the operas Salome, The Woman Without a Shadow, and Der Rosenkavalier. ANSWER: Richard (Georg) Strauss [prompt on Strauss]