DOCSLIB.ORG

Diffusion of Innovations Theory Applied: the Adoption of Digital On-Demand Technology by Book Publishers and Printers

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Masters Theses Graduate School 5-1999 Diffusion of Innovations Theory Applied: The Adoption of Digital On-Demand Technology by Book Publishers and Printers Jill Cohen Walker University of Tennessee - Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes Part of the Communication Commons Recommended Citation Walker, Jill Cohen, "Diffusion of Innovations Theory Applied: The Adoption of Digital On-Demand Technology by Book Publishers and Printers. " Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 1999. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/1926 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Jill Cohen Walker entitled "Diffusion of Innovations Theory Applied: The Adoption of Digital On-Demand Technology by Book Publishers and Printers." I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Master of Science, with a major in Communication. Jeffrey S. Wilkinson, Major Professor We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: J.A. Crook, H. H. Howard Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Jill Cohen Walker entitled, “Diffusion of Innovations Theory Applied: The Adoption of Digital On-Demand Technology by Book Publishers and Printers.” I have examined the final copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, with a major in Communications. Jeffrey S. Wilkinson, Major Professor We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: J.A. Crook H. H. Howard Accepted for the Council: Dr. C. W. Minkel Associate Vice Chancellor and Dean of The Graduate School (Original signatures are on file in the Graduate Admissions and Records Office.) DIFFUSION OF INNOVATIONS THEORY APPLIED: THE ADOPTION OF DIGITAL ON-DEMAND TECHNOLOGY BY BOOK PUBLISHERS AND PRINTERS A Thesis Presented for the Master of Science Degree The University of Tennessee Jill Cohen Walker May 1999 Copyright © Jill Cohen Walker, 1999 All rights reserved ii DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to my children Ian and Stephanie Cohen who always came through for me; Rob McAllister and Noel Ward who introduced me to the world of technical writing and believed in my abilities; and the eight companies who so willingly participated in this study iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am grateful to my Thesis Committee, Jeff Wilkinson, Jim Crook and Herb Howard, for allowing to me engage in this study. Their support and belief in my ability to research and write about a complex subject in a short amount of time is most appreciated. Jeff Wilkinson has earned my utmost respect for being a true educator—one who knows that some students can and often do think “outside the box.” I am also grateful that he listened to me ramble on about digital on-demand printing technology, believed in this study and defines books the way I do—as the first mass medium, the first Internet, and a priceless part of the world in which we live. It is also important to thank some colleagues for their unwavering support. Rob McAllister and Noel Ward trusted me to write and edit chapters of a book and magazine articles about technologies that were initially foreign to me. This study is the fruit of that trust. May the Lord bless and keep my special online friends in “His Zoo,” with special thanks to Frannie, Marlene, Tina, Rusty, Cathy and my cyberson, Jack for their love and prayers. My dear friend Judy King listened through many phone calls and provided priceless support. Cathy Larsh offered friendship and qualitative research support. My neighbor and dear friend, Rita Aurelio, provided a soft chair and a mom’s heart when I needed a break. A most important thanks goes to Sherry Morrel for her friendship over the years, especially when the future looked dim in 1992. Lastly, without the help and encouragement of my children, Ian and Stephanie, this study would not have been completed. iv ABSTRACT Desktop publishing rose in popularity during the late 1980s, allowing whole documents—books, journals, reports, etc.—to be created on computers. The printing industry had to develop compatible technology to accommodate the changes in document creation. In response to desktop publishing, digital printing appeared in 1990 with the invention of computer-to-plate technology. In its earliest days, it was limited to specific commercial applications such as check and business-form printing. An amalgam of several technologies, digital printing has evolved and on-demand printing has matured into a book-printing technology that starts with the creation of a document and ends with the shipping of the final product. Digital on-demand technology is especially applicable to the printing of non-fiction, educational, reference and scholarly books—books with a limited or small audience—and out-of-print books. With the development and application of digital prepress and on- demand printing, publishers are no longer forced to print hundreds of thousands of books in one run—many of which are heavily discounted, returned and recycled. Small presses can prosper and expand by adding new authors to their lists of books in print. Digital on-demand printing opens a new future for books, which were the first media—a link that people in most cultures had to other cultures—and ensures that they will not be rendered obsolete by the digital and electronic media. This study used an interview inquiry tool to acquire information regar- ding technology acquisition choices made by six representative printers and publishers. Designed around the components of diffusion of innova- tions theory as propounded by Everett M. Rogers, it goes beyond the v the traditional answers—economics and status—and ferrets out the deeper issues and motivations involved in the adoption of new technology. Responses to interview questions also provided insight into the media methods used for disseminating information about new technologies to selected book publishers, printers and publisher-printers. This aspect of the study focused on the role of trade magazines as sources of information through articles, marketing campaigns and advertising. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE I. INTRODUCTION . 1 Introduction to the Problem . 1 Purpose of the Study . 3 Method of Study . 4 Research Questions . 6 II. LITERATURE REVIEW . 8 Book Publishing . 8 Publishing and Digital On-Demand Printing . 13 Digital On-Demand Printing Defined . 14 Digital On-Demand Printing of Books . 15 Diffusion of Innovations Theory . 20 Elements of Diffusion of Innovations Theory . 23 Adoption or Rejection . 30 Rate of Adoption . 33 Consequences of Adoption or Rejection . 34 Reinvention of Technology . 44 The Role of Trade Magazines . 46 Research Questions . 54 III. METHOD . 60 Qualitative Research . 60 Qualitative Research and Categorization . 63 Description of Participating Subjects . 64 Selection of Subjects . 64 Interviews . 65 The Interview Instrument . 67 Case Studies and Comparisons . 71 IV. RESULTS . 75 Introduction . 75 Research Question Number One . 82 Research Question Number Two . 84 Research Question Number Three . 91 Research Question Number Four . 96 Research Question Number Five . 98 Post Hoc Analysis . 100 vii CHAPTER PAGE V. DISCUSSION . 102 Introduction . 102 Implications of the Study . 102 Limitations . 116 Future Study . 116 REFERENCES . 118 APPENDICES . 124 Appendix A: Interview Instrument . 125 Appendix B: Interviews . 127 Appendix C: Additional Interviews . 149 Appendix D: Glossary of Terms . 157 VITA . 160 viii LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE PAGE 1. The flow of a digital book file from its creation through the 1) traditional computer to imagesetter; 2) computer-to-plate; 3) computer to digital offset press; and 4) computer to digital on-demand press . 16 2. The decision-making process of diffusion of innovations theory in relation to interview instrument questions and thesis research questions . 56 3. Innovation characteristics that affect the rate of technology adoption in relation to interview instrument questions and thesis research questions . 57 4. The consequences component of diffusion of innovations theory in relation to interview instrument questions and thesis research questions . 58 5. The seven steps taken by change agents and the relationship of those steps to interview instrument questions and thesis research questions (Rogers, 1995, p.p. 336-337) . 59 6. Companies that participated in the study . 64 7. Profile: Cathedral Publishing . 76 8. Profile: McGraw-Hill, Inc./Primus Custom and Database Publishing . 77 9. Profile: Edward Brothers, Inc. 78 10. Profile: R. R. Donnelley & Sons . 79 11. Profile: Black Classic Press and BCP Printing . 80 12. Profile: Simon & Schuster/Demand Production Center . 81 13. Profile: Lightening Print, Inc. 150 14. Profile: Thomson-Shore . 150 ix Chapter I Introduction Introduction to the Problem As both an art and
Recommended publications
  • An Approach for Predicting Hype Cycle Based on Machine Learning

    An Approach for Predicting Hype Cycle Based on Machine Learning

    An Approach for Predicting Hype Cycle Based on Machine Learning Zhijun Ren Shuo Xu Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China, Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China, Beijing 100038, China Beijing 100038, China The China Patent Information Center, the State [email protected] Intellectual Property Office, Beijing 100088, China [email protected] Xiaodong Qiao Hongqi Han Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China, Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China, Beijing 100038, China Beijing 100038, China [email protected] [email protected] Kai Zhang The China Patent Information Center, the State Intellectual Property Office, Beijing 100088, China [email protected] ABSTRACT Some scholars believe that hype means advertised in publicity Analyzing mass information and supporting insight based on and exaggerated propaganda[1], and the best measure is the analysis results are very important work but it needs much expectation, which means people’s expectation for technology effort and time. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an innovation. Enterprises should use hype cycle to target the approach for predicting hype cycle based on machine learning emerging technologies, and use the concept of digital business for effective, systematic, and objective information analysis transformation to predict future business trends. and future forecasting of science and IT field. Additionally, Gartner believes that hype cycle is a qualitative we execute a comparative evaluation between the suggested decision-making tool, like other management methods, it model and Hype Cycle for Big Data, 2013 for validating the relies mainly on the judgment of experts. And to complete the suggested model and generally used for information analysis hype cycle assessment and prediction of a set of technologies and forecasting.
  • The Industry-Technology Life Cycle: an Integrating Meta-Model?

    The Industry-Technology Life Cycle: an Integrating Meta-Model?

    THE INDUSTRY-TECHNOLOGY LIFE CYCLE: AN INTEGRATING META-MODEL? Robert U. Ayres International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Lazenburg, Austria RR-87-3 March 1987 INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR APPLIED SYSTEMS ANALYSIS Laxenburg, Austria International Standard Book Number 8-7045-0081-x Research Reports, which record research conducted at IIASA, are independently reviewed before publication. However, the views and opinions they express are not necessarily those of the Institute or the National Member Organizations that support it. Copyright @ 1987 International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Cover design by Martin Schobel Printed by Novographic, Vienna, Austria Summary This report attempts to answer a rather deep question: To what extent can "pure" economics explain economic growth and technological change? By "pure" economics, it is meant the relationships governing the behavior of abstract enti- ties, producing abstract products or services for sale in an idealized competitive market. Pure economics, in the above sense, admits R&D and innovations of an unspecified kind; it also admits improvements (unspecified) and learning curves or experience curves. The report concludes, however, that the dynamic behavior of the product "life cycle" in specific cases, and the observed clustering of innovations in partic- ular fields at particular times, with periods of rapid progress followed by slow- downs, can only by explained by also taking into account the preexisting state of technology, and the laws of nature.
  • This May Be the Author's Version of a Work That Was Submitted/Accepted for Publication in the Following Source: Dedehayir

    This May Be the Author's Version of a Work That Was Submitted/Accepted for Publication in the Following Source: Dedehayir

    This may be the author’s version of a work that was submitted/accepted for publication in the following source: Dedehayir, Ozgur & Steinert, Martin (2016) The hype cycle model: A review and future directions. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 108, pp. 28-41. This file was downloaded from: https://eprints.qut.edu.au/95588/ c Consult author(s) regarding copyright matters This work is covered by copyright. Unless the document is being made available under a Creative Commons Licence, you must assume that re-use is limited to personal use and that permission from the copyright owner must be obtained for all other uses. If the docu- ment is available under a Creative Commons License (or other specified license) then refer to the Licence for details of permitted re-use. It is a condition of access that users recog- nise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. If you believe that this work infringes copyright please provide details by email to [email protected] Notice: Please note that this document may not be the Version of Record (i.e. published version) of the work. Author manuscript versions (as Sub- mitted for peer review or as Accepted for publication after peer review) can be identified by an absence of publisher branding and/or typeset appear- ance. If there is any doubt, please refer to the published source. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2016.04.005 The Hype Cycle model: A review and future directions The hype cycle model traces the evolution of technological innovations as they pass through successive stages pronounced by the peak, disappointment, and recovery of expectations.
  • Life Cycle Engineering Guidelines

    Life Cycle Engineering Guidelines

    EPA/600/R-01/101 November 2001 Life Cycle Engineering Guidelines Joyce Smith Cooper and Bruce Vigon Battelle Columbus Laboratories 505 King Avenue Columbus, Ohio 43201 CR822956 Project Officer Kenneth R. Stone Sustainable Technology Division Systems Analysis Branch National Risk Management Research Laboratory Cincinnati, Ohio 45268 National Risk Management Research Laboratory OfFice of Research and Development U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati, OH 45268 Notice This publication has not been formally reviewed by EPA. The views expressed in this document are solely those of Battelle Columbus Laboratories and EPA does not endorse any products or commercial services mentioned in this publication. Foreword This publication has been produced as part of the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) strategic long-term research plan. SERDP was established in order to sponsor cooperative research, development, and demonstration activities for environmental risk reduction. Funded with U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) resources, SERDP is an interagency initiative involving the DoD, the U.S. Department of Energy, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). SERDP seeks to develop environmental solutions that improve mission readiness for Federal activities. The Life-Cycle Engineering and Design Program (LCED) is a product of the SERDP effort coordinated by the EPA to provide a technical and economic basis for the effective application of life cycle principles to product and process design and materials selection. In addition, it is expected that many techniques developed will have applications across both the public and private sectors. This document has been published and is made available by EPA's Office of Research and Development to assist the user community and to link researchers with their clients.
  • A1.1 Strategy & Leadership

    A1.1 Strategy & Leadership

    INSTITUTE OF CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS OF RWANDA CPA A1.1 STRATEGY & LEADERSHIP Study Manual 2nd edition February 2020, INSTITUTE OF CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS OF RWANDA Advanced Level A1.1 STRATEGY & LEADERSHIP 2nd Edition February 2020 This Manual has been fully revised and updated in accordance with the current syllabus/ curriculum. It has been developed in consultation with experienced tutors and lecturers. © ICPAR All copy right reserved All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of ICPAR. Acknowledgement We wish to officially recognize all parties who contributed to revising and updating this Manual, Our thanks are extended to all tutors and lecturers from various training institutions who actively provided their input toward completion of this exercise and especially the Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning (MINECOFIN) through its PFM Basket Fund which supported financially the execution of this assignment Table Of Contents Units Title Page Introduction to the Course 6 1. Strategy process 9 Strategic Management and Operational Management 20 Perspectives on Strategy 22 The Marketing Dimension 22 The leadership and strategy leadership 48 2. The environment scanning and strategy position 53 Environmental Analysis 53 Assessing Strategic Capability 58 Measuring Stakeholder Expectations 63 3. Strategic choices 71 Corporate Level 71 Business Level 76 Strategy Development 83 4. Strategy implimentation and evaluation 87 Structure and Processes 87 Managing Key Enablers 95 Managing the Change Process 122 Understanding Groups and Teamwork 128 Organisational Communications 137 Project Management 143 Post stratgy evalution 150 5.
  • A Study on the Deduction and Diffusion of Promising Artificial

    A Study on the Deduction and Diffusion of Promising Artificial

    sustainability Article A Study on the Deduction and Diffusion of Promising Artificial Intelligence Technology for Sustainable Industrial Development Hong Joo Lee * and Hoyeon Oh Department of Industrial and Management, Kyonggi University, Suwon 443760, Gyeonggi, Korea; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 14 May 2020; Accepted: 8 July 2020; Published: 13 July 2020 Abstract: Based on the rapid development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), all industries are preparing for a paradigm shift as a result of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Therefore, it is necessary to study the importance and diffusion of technology and, through this, the development and direction of core technologies. Leading countries such as the United States and China are focusing on artificial intelligence (AI)’s great potential and are working to establish a strategy to preempt the continued superiority of national competitiveness through AI technology. This is because artificial intelligence technology can be applied to all industries, and it is expected to change the industrial structure and create various business models. This study analyzed the leading artificial intelligence technology to strengthen the market’s environment and industry competitiveness. We then analyzed the lifecycle of the technology and evaluated the direction of sustainable development in industry. This study collected and studied patents in the field of artificial intelligence from the US Patent Office, where technology-related patents are concentrated. All patents registered as artificial intelligence technology were analyzed by text mining, using the abstracts of each patent. The topic was extracted through topic modeling and defined as a detailed technique. Promising/mature skills were analyzed through a regression analysis of the extracted topics.
  • Dissertation Pieces

    Dissertation Pieces

    Information-intensive innovation: the changing role of the private firm in the research ecosystem through the study of biosensed data By Elaine M Sedenberg A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Information Management and Systems in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Associate Professor Deirdre Mulligan, Co-Chair Professor John Chuang, Co-Chair Professor AnnaLee (Anno) Saxenian Professor Coye Cheshire Summer 2019 Information-intensive innovation: the changing role of the private firm in the research ecosystem through the study of biosensed data Copyright 2019 by Elaine M Sedenberg 1 Abstract Information-intensive innovation: the changing role of the private firm in the research ecosystem through the study of biosensed data by Elaine M Sedenberg Doctor of Philosophy in Information Management and Systems University of California, Berkeley Associate Professor Deirdre Mulligan, Co-Chair Professor John Chuang, Co-Chair In a world instrumented with smart sensors and digital platforms, some of our most intimate and information-rich data are being collected and curated by private companies. The opportunities and risks derived from potential knowledge carried within these data streams are undeniable, and the clustering of data within the private sector is challenging traditional data infrastructures and sites of research. The role of private industry in research and development (R&D) has traditionally been limited— especially for earlier stage research—given the high risk, long time horizons, and uncertain returns on investment. However, the information economy has changed the way Silicon Valley and other technology firms operate their business models, which has vast implications for how they respectively innovate.
  • Collegiate Edu-Nation P-20 System Model Handbook for 21St Century School Transformation by Kim D

    Collegiate Edu-Nation P-20 System Model Handbook for 21St Century School Transformation by Kim D

    Collegiate Edu-Nation P-20 System Model Handbook for 21st Century School Transformation by Kim D. Alexander - Gary E. Briers - Glen C. Shinn Corresponding authors: [email protected] // [email protected] // [email protected] Table of Contents Abstract . 2 Acknowledgements . 6 Prologue . 7 Purpose of This Handbook. 8 Target Audience . 8 Part I. Transformation in a Sea Change . 9 Chapter 1. Trends shaping the future of education . 9 Chapter 2. Comparing present and future education . 14 Part II. Planning and Preparing for Change . 30 Chapter 3. Clarifying community values and social influences . 30 Chapter 4. Aligning financial and strategic planning . 33 Chapter 5. Planning and preparing for change: Roles, responsibilities, rewards . 39 Part III. Beyond the Idea: Executing the Plan . 50 Chapter 6. Cultivating aspirations, expectations, hope, and grit . 50 Chapter 7. Creating an environment for innovation. 54 Chapter 8. Scaffolding the change process . 61 Chapter 9. Transforming curriculum and instruction . 69 Chapter 10. Transforming innovation to practice . 73 Part IV. Assessing Achievement . 78 Chapter 11. Evaluating progress and measuring outcomes . 78 Postscript . 88 1 Abstract Collegiate Edu-Nation P-20 System Model Handbook for 21st Century School Transformation Our Mission The mission of the Collegiate Edu-Nation P-20 System Model is to transform public education for all students, especially for those in small rural schools, to provide affordable access to college- ready, career-ready preparation leading to higher education and industry-recognized certifications and to serve as a state and national resource for such efforts. Our Vision Our P-20 vision for achieving this mission is to: • Break the cycle of generational poverty by creating a sense of high aspirations and expectations for college and career success among students, families, and communities, especially in STEM- based workforce shortage areas critical to solving global challenges.
  • The Role of Key Professionals in Improving Patient Outcome Through

    The Role of Key Professionals in Improving Patient Outcome Through

    The Role of Key Professionals in Improving Patient Outcome through Technology Life Cycle Management – Clinical Engineer Yadin David, Ed.D., P.E., C.C.E., FACCE, FAIMBE Biomedical Engineering Consultants, LLC Asst. Professor, University of Texas School of Public Health IUPESM Health Technology Task Group (HTTG) 1 1 Greeting from the Texas Medical Center, Houston, Outline Texas, USA • Who are the Clinical Engineers? • Where do they practice? • What are their competencies? • How can you measure their contributions? • What should we do? • Conclusions The Space Shuttle Enterprise (in Texas 2013) on its way to Museum in Los Angeles Technology Expanded Role in HealthCare • Operations (Supply chain, Business/Payers, Personnel, Services and Procedures) • Pharmaceuticals (Drugs, Nutrients, Blood, Compounding, Chemical agents, etc.) • Physical plant (Buildings, Utilities, Waste, etc.) • Consumers (Organ substitution, Personal and Home use, behavior modification) • Professional (Clinical skills simulators, ER training, etc) • Work place (Clinical protection, Business, Processes, Safety) The Future of Medical Technologies (2018) Where Do Clinical Engineers Practice? The intersection between healthcare interventions, community of consumers/users and deployment of technology is unique space: • Point-of-service • Point-of-use • Point-of-care Clinical engineers are the only engineering-trained professionals who are practicing at the Point-of-care and focus on care outcomes impacted by technology Integrating Safety & Quality • is the condition of being free from (or protected against an essential or distinctive characteristic, harm or other types or) consequences of failure, damage, property, or attribute, character or nature, as error, accidents, harm or any other event which could be belonging to or distinguishing a thing character considered non-desirable.
  • THE KUZNETS CURVE and the LIFE CYCLE ANALOGY by 97/08

    THE KUZNETS CURVE and the LIFE CYCLE ANALOGY by 97/08

    THE KUZNETS CURVE AND THE LIFE CYCLE ANALOGY by R. U. AYRES 97/08/EPS This working paper was published in the context of INSEADs Centre for the Management of Environmental Resources, an RD partnership sponsored by Ciba-Geigy, Danfoss, Otto Group and Royal Dutch/Shell and Sandoz AG. * Sandoz Professor of Management and the Environment at INSEAD, Boulevard de Constance, 77305 Fontainebleau Cede; France. A working paper in the INSEAD Working Paper Series is intended as a means whereby a faculty researchers thoughts and findings may be communicated to interested readers. The paper should be considered preliminary in nature and may require revision. Printed at INSEAD, Fontainebleau, France. The Kuznets Curve and the Life Cycle Analogy A Robert U. Ayres Center for the Management of Environmental Resources INSEAD Fontainebleau, France January 1997 Abstract The growth and, especially, the successions of industrial sectors strongly suggests an "aging" phenomenon. In fact, the Kuznets curve was originally based on this notion. More recently, the aging idea has been more fully elaborated into a 'life cycle' scheme (conception, birth, childhood, adolescence, maturity and senescence) which corresponds quite closely with the observed stages of development of a new technology or product. The question arises: is the life cycle analogy sufficiently general to constitute a set of "stylized facts" around which a theory could be developed? In particular, is the life cycle reversible? If so, under what circumstances? The paper addresses these questions and concludes with some observations about the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) and its applicability to the question of whether economic growth is compatible with long-term sustainability.
  • The Implementation Factors of Information and Communication Technology in the Life Cycle Costs of Buildings

    The Implementation Factors of Information and Communication Technology in the Life Cycle Costs of Buildings

    applied sciences Article The Implementation Factors of Information and Communication Technology in the Life Cycle Costs of Buildings Peter Mésároš 1, Tomáš Mandiˇcák 1,* , Marcela Spišáková 1, Annamária Behúnová 2 and Marcel Behún 2 1 Institute of Technology, Economics and Management in Construction, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Košice, 042 00 Košice, Slovakia; [email protected] (P.M.); [email protected] (M.S.) 2 Institute of Earth Sources, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechno-Logy, Technical University of Košice, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; [email protected] (A.B.); [email protected] (M.B.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +421-55-602-4378 Abstract: Life cycle cost management is an integral part of buildings construction. The life cycle cost approach can be considered an objective approach because it considers all life cycles of build- ings. Information and communication technology is one of the critical factors for the success of construction projects. Several studies point to the importance of information and communication technology use in life cycle cost management. Generally, information and communication technology can be helpful in the cost management process of buildings. However, few implementation factors of information and communication technology are used in the life cycle cost management of build- ings. The research assumes that the most critical implementation factor is the investment cost for Citation: Mésároš, P.; Mandiˇcák,T.; information and communication technologies used in cost management during the life cycle. The Spišáková, M.; Behúnová, A.; relative importance index method was used to evaluate and quantify the final rank of implementation Behún, M.
  • VRET Dissertation

    VRET Dissertation

    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO War, Trauma, and Technologies of the Self: The Making of Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Communication and Science Studies by Marisa Renee Brandt Committee in charge: Professor Chandra Mukerji, Chair Professor David Serlin Professor Kelly A. Gates Professor Charles Thorpe Professor Joseph Dumit 2013 Copyright Marisa Renee Brandt, 2013 All rights reserved SIGNATURE PAGE The Dissertation of Marisa Renee Brandt is approved, and is acceptable in quality and form for publication in microfilm and electronically: Chair University of California, San Diego 2013 iii DEDICATION I dedicate this dissertation to all of the people around the world have suffered trauma as a result of the Global War on Terrorism. May we never give up on peace. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page ................................................................................................................... iii Dedication ........................................................................................................................... iv List Of Figures ................................................................................................................. viii Abbreviations ..................................................................................................................... ix Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................