DOCSLIB.ORG

Moth Flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) Living in the Dark of Caves in the Dinaric Karst

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Moth Flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) Living in the Dark of Caves in the Dinaric Karst Zootaxa 4845 (2): 275–282 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2020 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4845.2.8 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:748422C9-347E-4830-99A8-4D4309107E23 Moth flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) living in the dark of caves in the Dinaric Karst RÜDIGER WAGNER1* & TONĆI RADA2 1University of Kassel, FB 10, Biology-Zoology, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, D-34132 Kassel, Germany Parkstraße 65, D-36110 Schlitz, Germany. [email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2024-1827 2Speleološko Društvo “Špiljar”, Zajdenica Tehničke Kulture Grada Splita, 21000 Split, Varardinska 53, Croatia [email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5287-6336 *Corresponding author Abstract Seoda cavernicola sp. nov. and Psychoda glamocensis sp. nov., are new species and cave dwellers from Bosnia and Hercegovina, and Croatia. Adults of S. cavernicola are pale and small; the eye bridge is reduced, ommatidia irregularly arranged, epandrium with a pair of setose excrescences. The eye bridge of P. glamocensis is likewise reduced with 2 or 3 irregularly ordered facet rows, palpus segments of some individuals are malformed; its closest relative is Psychoda alticola Vaillant based on the morphology of male and female genitalia as well as on COI barcodes. Key words Psychodidae, troglobites, new species, Balkan peninsula Introduction The systematic research on cave dwelling animals has the best development worldwide on the Balkan Peninsula; the greatest amount of troglophilic animals is known from the Dinaric Karst. Among the cave living species found there are representatives of fish, amphibia, insects, millipeds, centipeds, spiders, crustaceans and other groups (e.g. Sket 2016). Organisms found in caves are classified troglobites (cave dwellers), troglophiles (species that sometimes oc- cur outside of caves), and trogloxenes (species that cannot live permanently in caves). Life in caves affects species ecology, morphology, and physiology, and has further implications on evolutionary processes. Insect collections from caves usually contain few Psychodidae, at most species typically live near the entrance of the caverns with permanent contact to the surface environment (troglophiles, trogloxenes). They use caves as refugium against sunlight, high air temperature, low moisture, and to avoid predators. Thus, representatives of all extant psychodid subfamilies (Phlebotominae, Bruchomyiinae, Trichomyiinae, Sycoracinae, Psychodinae) have been reported from caves on almost all continents (e.g. Bravo et al. 2008, Bravo & Barata 2012a, 2012b, Khadri Shahar et al. 2011, Sarà 1950, 1962, Polseela et al. 2011, Quate 1962, 2000, Vaillant 1966). Usually most Psychodidae from collections in caves belong, besides Phlebotominae, to the subfamily Psycho- dinae, tribus Psychodini, genus Psychoda (sensu lato); ecologically these species are assumed to be euryecious. Larvae feed on feces of bats, birds, and any other decomposing organic material (biofilms, plant and animal cadav- ers). Adults of these species are without particular adaptation to permanent life in caves. Below we describe new species of the genera Seoda Enderlein and Psychoda (s.l.) Latreille, that show remark- able morphological variation that are probably adaptations to life in caves. Material and methods Specimens were collected with hand net in caves at high altitudes in Croatia and Bosnia and Hercegovina. Adults were put in situ in 80% ethanol and used for morphological and genetic studies. For morphological study, wings of specimens were dissected and kept in clove oil; the body was macerated in Accepted by D. Cordeiro: 12 Aug. 2020; published: 2 Sept. 2020 275 10% KOH for 12-18 hrs, washed in acetic acid and put with drops of acetic acid to the clove oil with wings. After 1 day the acid evaporated and head, thorax abdomen and wings were arranged in drops of Canada balsam under 4 separate coverslips. Inspection and line drawing were made with a Leitz binocular microscope MZ 125 and Leitz MZ 20 EB with drawing mirror attached. Morphological terminology has changed and follows Kvifte & Wagner (2017). Taxonomy Seoda cavernicola sp. nov. (Figs 1–9) Etymology. The name refers to the species’ preference for caves (caverna Latin). Diagnosis. Seoda cavernicola sp. nov. is distinguished from congeners by the pale body, the eye bridge of only 2–3 irregularly ordered facet rows, scape short, pedicel globular, and 1st flagellomere elongate, ventral surface of the subepandrial plate with 2 large setose excrescences; genitalia with robust outgrowths of gonocoxites, distiphallus lobes bowed out. Material. Holotype, 1♂, Croatia, Seget Gornji, Jama I. u. Gospinu Gaju, 17 February 2019; paratypes, 2♂, col- lected at the type locality with the holotype; (one paratype with wings destroyed). Further material (all paratypes): 2♂, 3♀, Croatia, Zelovo, Jama na Vranjinoj Glavici, 19 May 2019; 2♂, Croatia, Radošić, Baračeva jama, 31 March 2019; 1♂, Croatia, Zelovo, Elezova jama 19 May 2019; all leg. T. Rada. Holotype and 1 paratype (slide mounted) and remaining material in ethanol deposited in the Natural History Museum & Zoo, Split, Croatia. 1 paratype from Seget Gornji, and 1 paratype from Radošić (slide mounted) in the collection of the senior author. Description. Male: Specimens pale, whitish. Eyes reniform, eyebridge reduced with only 2 or 3 irregular facet rows, interocular suture wide U-shaped, distance between the eyes 2 to 2.5 facet diameter (figs 1–3). Antennae (fig. 4) of all specimens incomplete; scape pipe-shaped 2x longer than wide, pedicel globular 0.5x as long as the pedicel. First flagellomere almost symmetric elongate widest at middle, subsequent flagellomeres asymmetric bottle-shaped with basal bulb and long neck. Ascoids probably lost, 2 circular holes at about middle of segments may indicate the presence of ascoids. Antennal flagellum broken, length of remaining antennal articles: 40-26-73-64-58-62-; abso- lute length: 0.105-0.0685-0.1921-0.1684-0.1526-0.1631- mm. Basal palpus segment (fig. 5) slightly longer than the scape. Four palpus segments, terminal segment flexible; relative length: 30-58-55-95; absolute length: 0.08-0.15- 0.14-0.25 mm. Wing (fig. 6) pale translucent, length 2.30 mm, width 0.74 mm; length/width 3.11. Sc short terminates in wing; radial fork distal of medial fork, at level of Cu tip; no crossveins r4-r5 or r-m. Thorax without specific features. Abdomen with 8 segments and inverted genitalia; hypandrium equally thin, in the middle with slighter sclero- tization, with fine setae in that area. Gonocoxite tubular, about 2x longer than wide, gonostylus bent dorsal about as long as the gonocoxite, basally wider. From the basal inner edges of the gonocoxites outgrowths (gonocoxal apodemes/parameres?) arise that are half as long as the gonocoxites and enclose the dorsal lobes of the basiphallus and the basal part of the distiphallus sclerites. The dorsal parameral bridge consists of two median prolongations of the gonocoxites, converging in the middle forming a fissure or keel. Basiphallus dorsoventrally flattened, bilobed from the middle on. On dorsal side of the bifurcation thin lobes arise directed dorsally converging towards the fis- sure where they are jointed to the dorsal parameral bridge. The ventral lobes of the basiphallus sclerite are apically jointed to claw-shaped laterally bent distiphallus sclerites. At the positions of the joints between basiphallus and distiphallus lobes the aedeagus is jointed to (enclosed by) the large outgrowth of the gonocoxites. Epandrium basally wider with two sharp corners, lateral and hind edges almost straight; basally with 2 small foramina. On the ventral surface of the epandrium is a pair of large setose excrescences, a well-defined subepandrial plate is not discernable. Epandrial processes almost straight in the distal part on inner side with few stronger setae in line, distally with 8 apically serrate retinacula. The hypoproct is large, rhomboid, apically setose; epiproct small setose triangular. Remarks: Small size compared with species of the genera mentioned below and pale appearance of the type specimens are interpreted as adaptation to life in caves. The species shares large apodemes of the gonocoxites and 276 · Zootaxa 4845 (2) © 2020 Magnolia Press WAGNER & RADA a bilobed basiphallus sclerite with Jungiella Vaillant, Vaillantodes Wagner, Seoda Enderlein, and Panimerus Eaton; size and shape of the distiphallus sclerites are similar to Seoda. The mode of connection of the dorsal parameral bridge and the aedeagus is unique. Usually this is by a separated Y- or U-shaped sclerite, the furca, that appears as an individual sclerite jointed with the basiphallus sclerite and dorsally coadunate in the middle with the parameral bridge. The presence of large outgrowth of the gonocoxites is similar to Jungiella Vaillant. In contrast to Jungiella, Vaillantodes, Seoda, and Panimerus which possess a separate furca the dorsal lobes in S. cavernicola sp. nov. arise from the basiphallus sclerite, they are not separated from or jointed to it. However, the task in the mode of operation is the same as for the other species: to support the back and forth movement of the aedeagus and its components. Another striking feature is the pair of setose outgrowth on the ventral surface of the epandrium; a subepandrial plate is not recognizable; however, the setose outgrowths are in the position of the subepandrial plate and therefore are interpreted as part of this. They are positioned exactly dorsal of the outgrowth of the gonocoxites. FIGURES 1–9. Seoda cavernicola. 1. Eyebridge of holotype. 2–3. Eyebridges of 2♂ paratypes. 4. Scape, pedicel, 1st and 2nd flagellomeres. 5. Basal palpus segment. 6. Wing. 7. Hypandrium, styles and aedeagus ventral view. 8. Epandrium, epandrial processes and proctiger, ventral view. 9. Basiphallus sclerite and dorsal parameral bridge with ‘furca’, ventral view. Scale: 1.0 mm (6), 0.1 mm (1–4, 7–9), 0.05 mm (5). MOTH FLIES FROM DINARIC KARST CAVES Zootaxa 4845 (2) © 2020 Magnolia Press · 277 Psychoda glamocensis sp.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Diptera: Psychodidae) of Northern Thailand, with a Revision of the World Species of the Genus Neotelmatoscopus Tonnoir (Psychodinae: Telmatoscopini)" (2005)
    Masthead Logo Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1-1-2005 A review of the moth flies D( iptera: Psychodidae) of northern Thailand, with a revision of the world species of the genus Neotelmatoscopus Tonnoir (Psychodinae: Telmatoscopini) Gregory Russel Curler Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Recommended Citation Curler, Gregory Russel, "A review of the moth flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) of northern Thailand, with a revision of the world species of the genus Neotelmatoscopus Tonnoir (Psychodinae: Telmatoscopini)" (2005). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 18903. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/18903 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A review of the moth flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) of northern Thailand, with a revision of the world species of the genus Neotelmatoscopus Tonnoir (Psychodinae: Telmatoscopini) by Gregory Russel Curler A thesis submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Major: Entomology Program of Study Committee: Gregory W. Courtney (Major Professor) Lynn G. Clark Marlin E. Rice Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 2005 Copyright © Gregory Russel Curler, 2005. All rights reserved. 11 Graduate College Iowa State University This is to certify that the master's thesis of Gregory Russel Curler has met the thesis requirements of Iowa State University Signatures have been redacted for privacy Ill TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ..............................
    [Show full text]
  • Diptera) of Finland
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 441: 37–46Checklist (2014) of the familes Chaoboridae, Dixidae, Thaumaleidae, Psychodidae... 37 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.441.7532 CHECKLIST www.zookeys.org Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Checklist of the familes Chaoboridae, Dixidae, Thaumaleidae, Psychodidae and Ptychopteridae (Diptera) of Finland Jukka Salmela1, Lauri Paasivirta2, Gunnar M. Kvifte3 1 Metsähallitus, Natural Heritage Services, P.O. Box 8016, FI-96101 Rovaniemi, Finland 2 Ruuhikosken- katu 17 B 5, 24240 Salo, Finland 3 Department of Limnology, University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel-Oberzwehren, Germany Corresponding author: Jukka Salmela ([email protected]) Academic editor: J. Kahanpää | Received 17 March 2014 | Accepted 22 May 2014 | Published 19 September 2014 http://zoobank.org/87CA3FF8-F041-48E7-8981-40A10BACC998 Citation: Salmela J, Paasivirta L, Kvifte GM (2014) Checklist of the familes Chaoboridae, Dixidae, Thaumaleidae, Psychodidae and Ptychopteridae (Diptera) of Finland. In: Kahanpää J, Salmela J (Eds) Checklist of the Diptera of Finland. ZooKeys 441: 37–46. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.441.7532 Abstract A checklist of the families Chaoboridae, Dixidae, Thaumaleidae, Psychodidae and Ptychopteridae (Diptera) recorded from Finland is given. Four species, Dixella dyari Garret, 1924 (Dixidae), Threticus tridactilis (Kincaid, 1899), Panimerus albifacies (Tonnoir, 1919) and P. przhiboroi Wagner, 2005 (Psychodidae) are reported for the first time from Finland. Keywords Finland, Diptera, species list, biodiversity, faunistics Introduction Psychodidae or moth flies are an intermediately diverse family of nematocerous flies, comprising over 3000 species world-wide (Pape et al. 2011). Its taxonomy is still very unstable, and multiple conflicting classifications exist (Duckhouse 1987, Vaillant 1990, Ježek and van Harten 2005).
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Relationships in the Subfamily Psychodinae (Diptera, Psychodidae)
    Zoologica Scripta Phylogenetic relationships in the subfamily Psychodinae (Diptera, Psychodidae) ANAHI´ ESPI´NDOLA,SVEN BUERKI,ANOUCHKA JACQUIER,JAN JEZˇ EK &NADIR ALVAREZ Submitted: 21 December 2011 Espı´ndola, A., Buerki, S., Jacquier, A., Jezˇek, J. & Alvarez, N. (2012). Phylogenetic rela- Accepted: 9 March 2012 tionships in the subfamily Psychodinae (Diptera, Psychodidae). —Zoologica Scripta, 00, 000–000. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2012.00544.x Thanks to recent advances in molecular systematics, our knowledge of phylogenetic rela- tionships within the order Diptera has dramatically improved. However, relationships at lower taxonomic levels remain poorly investigated in several neglected groups, such as the highly diversified moth-fly subfamily Psychodinae (Lower Diptera), which occurs in numerous terrestrial ecosystems. In this study, we aimed to understand the phylogenetic relationships among 52 Palearctic taxa from all currently known Palearctic tribes and sub- tribes of this subfamily, based on mitochondrial DNA. Our results demonstrate that in light of the classical systematics of Psychodinae, none of the tribes sensu Jezˇek or sensu Vaillant is monophyletic, whereas at least five of the 12 sampled genera were not mono- phyletic. The results presented in this study provide a valuable backbone for future work aiming at identifying morphological synapomorphies to propose a new tribal classification. Corresponding author: Anahı´ Espı´ndola, Laboratory of Evolutionary Entomology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchaˆtel. Emile-Argand 11, 2000 Neuchaˆtel, Switzerland. E-mail: [email protected] Present address for Anahı´ Espı´ndola, Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore Building, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland Sven Buerki, Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, UK.
    [Show full text]
  • Moth Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) of the Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts and the Podbeskydská Pahorkatina Upland, Czech Republic
    ISSN 2336-3193 Acta Mus. Siles. Sci. Natur., 64: 27-50, 2015 DOI: 10.1515/cszma-2015-0006 Moth flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) of the Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts and the Podbeskydská pahorkatina Upland, Czech Republic Jiří Kroča & Jan Ježek Moth flies (Psychodidae: Diptera) of the Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts and Podbeskydská pahorkatina Upland (Czech Republic). – Acta Mus. Siles. Sci. Natur., 64: 27-50, 2015. Abstract: The investigation of Psychodidae is still far from finished in the NW part of the Carpathians of the Czech Republic, only 21 species have been published in scattered papers in the past. Altogether 36 genera of moth flies and 84 species including 20 threatened or rare taxa are recorded in this study from 8 localities: 5 mountainous and 3 submountainous sites. Katamormia niesiolowskii (Wagner, 1985) and Threticus negrobovi Vaillant, 1972 are new for the fauna of the Czech Republic, Katamormia strobli Ježek, 1986 and Philosepedon (Philothreticus) soljani Krek, 1971 are new for Moravia (incl. Silesia); three species are new for the Carpathians Mts generally, and 9 for the Carpathians Mts. of the Czech Republic. The total number of moth flies in CZ is increased to 175 species. The communities of moth flies of the preserved areas and localities studied here (in contrast to Kněhyňka 2.) are among the richest sites in the Czech Republic. Key words: Psychodidae, faunistics, new records, Carpathians, Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts, Podbeskydská pahorkatina Upland, Czech Republic Introduction The family Psychodidae is taxonomically one of the most difficult groups of nematocerous Diptera. Moth fly larvae are mainly semi-aquatic (a temporary part of the aquatic fauna).
    [Show full text]
  • Description of a New Psychodidae (Diptera) Species from Estonia
    © Entomologica Fennica. 00 Month 2005 Description of a new Psychodidae (Diptera) species from Estonia Jukka Salmela & Tero Piirainen Salmela, J. & Piirainen, T. 2005: Description of a new Psychodidae (Diptera) species from Estonia. — Entomol. Fennica 16: 301—304. Lepimormia hemiboreale sp. n. (Diptera, Psychodidae) from Estonia, Saaremaa Island, is described. The description ofthe species is based on Malaise trap mate- rial collected from an eutrophic spring fen in Viidumae Nature Reserve. Lepimormia hemiboreale sp. n. is quite similar to L. georgica (Wagner, 1981), L. sibirica Jeiek, 1994 and L. vardarica (Krek, 1982) but the shape of aedeagus, subgenital and anal valves readily distinguish L. hemiboreale sp. n. from these. In addition to the new species, 13 moth fly species are reported for the first time from Estonia. J. Salmela, Department ofBio— and Environmental Sciences, P. 0. Box 35 (YA), FI—40014 University ofJyvaskyla, Finland. E—mail.‘jaeesalm@cc,jyafi T. Piirainen, Entomological Society ofTampere, Kaarilalzdenkaja I I, FI—33 700 Tampere, Finland Received 28 May 2004, accepted 30 September 2004 1. Introduction ments 4—8 developed. Lepimormia is a rather small genus, six species are known from the H01- In 2002, adult flies were collected from two arctic region (JeZek 1994a). springs in Viidumae Nature Reserve, Saaremaa Island, Estonia. A total of 15 moth fly taxa (Dip- tera: Psychodidae) were determined, including a 2. Material and methods new species beloning to genus Lepimormia En- derlein, 1936. In this paper, the species is de- The studied insect material was collected by Mal- scribed and its affinities to other members of the aise traps, two traps in a spring fen (Karma) and genus are discussed.
    [Show full text]
  • An Introduction to the Immature Stages of British Flies
    Royal Entomological Society HANDBOOKS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF BRITISH INSECTS To purchase current handbooks and to download out-of-print parts visit: http://www.royensoc.co.uk/publications/index.htm This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License. Copyright © Royal Entomological Society 2013 Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects Vol. 10, Part 14 AN INTRODUCTION TO THE IMMATURE STAGES OF BRITISH FLIES DIPTERA LARVAE, WITH NOTES ON EGGS, PUP ARIA AND PUPAE K. G. V. Smith ROYAL ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON Handbooks for the Vol. 10, Part 14 Identification of British Insects Editors: W. R. Dolling & R. R. Askew AN INTRODUCTION TO THE IMMATURE STAGES OF BRITISH FLIES DIPTERA LARVAE, WITH NOTES ON EGGS, PUPARIA AND PUPAE By K. G. V. SMITH Department of Entomology British Museum (Natural History) London SW7 5BD 1989 ROYAL ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON The aim of the Handbooks is to provide illustrated identification keys to the insects of Britain, together with concise morphological, biological and distributional information. Each handbook should serve both as an introduction to a particular group of insects and as an identification manual. Details of handbooks currently available can be obtained from Publications Sales, British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD. Cover illustration: egg of Muscidae; larva (lateral) of Lonchaea (Lonchaeidae); floating puparium of Elgiva rufa (Panzer) (Sciomyzidae). To Vera, my wife, with thanks for sharing my interest in insects World List abbreviation: Handbk /dent. Br./nsects. © Royal Entomological Society of London, 1989 First published 1989 by the British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD.
    [Show full text]
  • Epidemiology of Leishmaniosis in Southern Germany with Emphasis on the Family of Psychodidae, Primarily Phlebotominae
    Chair of Comparative Tropical Medicine and Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the Ludwig Maximilians-University Munich Chairman: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Kurt Pfister EPIDEMIOLOGY OF LEISHMANIOSIS IN SOUTHERN GERMANY WITH EMPHASIS ON THE FAMILY OF PSYCHODIDAE, PRIMARILY PHLEBOTOMINAE INAUGURAL-DISSERTATION for the attainment of the title of Doctor in Veterinary Biology (Dr. rer. biol. vet.) from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich by Bernadett Beran from Cottbus, Germany Munich 2010 Aus dem Lehrstuhl für Vergleichende Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie der Tierärztlichen Fakultät der Ludwig Maximilians-Universität München Vorstand: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Kurt Pfister EPIDEMIOLOGIE DER LEISHMANIOSE IN SÜD-DEUTSCHLAND MIT FOKUS AUF DIE FAMILIE DER PSYCHODIDAE, PRIMÄR PHLEBOTOMINAE INAUGURAL-DISSERTATION zur Erlangung der veterinärbiologischen Doktorwürde (Dr. rer. biol. vet.) der Tierärztlichen Fakultät der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München von Bernadett Beran aus Cottbus, Deutschland München 2010 Gedruckt mit Genehmigung der Tierärztlichen Fakultät der Ludgwig-Maximilians- Universität München Dekan: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Braun Berichterstatter: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Pfister Korreferent/en: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Straubinger Tag der Promotion: 24. Juli 2010 Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde nach § 6 Abs. 2 der Promotionsordnung für die Tierärztliche Fakultät der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München als kumulative Dissertation gestaltet. Meiner Mutter Ursula Beran (1955-2001) TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction
    [Show full text]
  • Inferring Reciprocal Evolutionary Histories in Associated Species of Plants and Insects in Two European Pollination Systems
    Inferring reciprocal evolutionary histories in associated species of plants and insects in two European pollination systems Thèse présentée à la Faculté des Sciences Institut de Biologie Université de Neuchâtel Pour l’obtention du grade de docteur ès sciences par María Anahí Espíndola Acceptée sur proposition du jury: Dr. Nadir Alvarez, co-directeur de thèse Prof. Martine Rahier, co-directeur de thèse Prof. Bryan C. Carstens (Louisiana State University, USA), rapporteur Dr. Laurence Després (Université de Grenoble, France), rapporteur Dr. Marc Gibernau (CNRS Toulouse, France), rapporteur Dr. Felix Gugerli (WSL, Birmensdorf, Zürich, Suisse), rapporteur Prof. Philippe Küpfer (Université de Neuchâtel, Suisse), rapporteur Soutenue le 17 Novembre 2010 Université de Neuchâtel 2010 «Toy with different perspectives. Look for the unusual. Try consciously to innovate. Train yourself to imagine new schemes and innovative ways to fit the pieces together. Seek the joy of discovery. Always test your new thoughts against the facts, of course, in rigorous, cold-blooded, unemotional scientific manner. But play the great game of the visionary and the innovator as well.» J. E. Oliver « Gracias a la vida, que me ha dado tanto… » V. Parra A Cristina y Ricardo, mis padres. Contents Summary / Résumé..………..………………………………………………………………… ix Acknowledgements/ Remerciements………………………….………………………….. xiii General introduction ………………………………………….……………………………… 1 Chapter one ……………………………………………………….…………………………… 33 New insights into the phylogenetics and biogeography of Arum (Araceae): unravelling its evolutionary history Chapter two ………………………………………………………………………….………… 55 Molecular relationships in the sub-family Psychodinae (Diptera: Psychodidae) Chapter three ………………………………………………………………………….…….… 85 Variation in the proportion of flower visitors of Arum maculatum along its distributional range in relation with community-based climatic niche analyses Chapter four ………………………………………………………………………….………… 99 Size-advantage model and pollination strategies in plants Chapter five …………………………………………………………………………………….
    [Show full text]
  • Moth Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) of the Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts and Podbeskydská Pahorkatina Upland, Czech Republic, II
    ISSN 2336-3193 Acta Mus. Siles. Sci. Natur., 68: 201-232, 2019 DOI: 10.2478/cszma-2019-0021 Published: online 1 December 2019, print December 2019 Moth Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) of the Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts and Podbeskydská pahorkatina Upland, Czech Republic, II. Jiří Kroča & Jan Ježek Moth Flies (Psychodidae: Diptera) of the Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts and Podbeskydská pahorka- tina Upland, Czech Republic, II. – Acta Mus. Siles. Sci. Natur., 68: 201-232, 2019. Abstract: Here we present first records of three moth fly species in the Czech Republic (Katamormia bezzii Salamanna, 1983, Panimerus goodi Vaillant & Withers, 1992 and Pneumia fonticola (Szabó, 1960)), increasing the total number of Czech moth fly species to 179. Katamormia bezzii represents the first finding outside of Italy, while P. goodi is only the second record outside of its type locality (Ireland), as is Peripsychoda zbytka Ježek, 2004 (Bohemia or.) and Pneumia kabelaki Omelková & Ježek, 2012 (Bílé Karpaty PLA). Jungiella (Psychocha) janiki Omelková & Ježek, 2017 has only been found at five sites (incl. the type locality) in the Bílé Karpaty Mts so far. The current number of species from the northwest part of the Czech Carpathians now totals 116. Altogether, 32 species were included in the national Red List of threatened invertebrates (Ježek 2005), with 23 species categorised as ‘nationally scarce’. Maximum alpha diversity was 61 species (71 as the sum of two seasons) at SKM OR 1 in the Skalická Morávka National Nature Monument (NNM), with maximum beta diversity also recorded at the Skalická Morávka NNM, with 82 species from three localities. Keywords: Psychodidae, faunistics, new records, threatened species, Carpathians, Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts, Podbeskydská pahorkatina Upland, Silesia, Moravia, Czech Republic Introduction Members of the family Psychodidae (moth flies) are found in a wide range of habitats, with Sycoracinae larvae, for example, occurring in aquatic mosses or leaf litter, while larvae of Trichomyinae are found in decaying wood.
    [Show full text]
  • Fly Times Issue 51, October 2013
    FLY TIMES ISSUE 51, October, 2013 Stephen D. Gaimari, editor Plant Pest Diagnostics Branch California Department of Food & Agriculture 3294 Meadowview Road Sacramento, California 95832, USA Tel: (916) 262-1131 FAX: (916) 262-1190 Email: [email protected] Welcome to the latest issue of Fly Times! Congratulations on 25 years of Fly Times! As usual, I thank everyone for sending in such interesting articles, although submissions came a little later than usual! In any case, I hope you all enjoy reading it as much as I enjoyed putting it together! Please let me encourage all of you to consider contributing articles that may be of interest to the Diptera community for the next issue. Fly Times offers a great forum to report on your research activities and to make requests for taxa being studied, as well as to report interesting observations about flies, to discuss new and improved methods, to advertise opportunities for dipterists, to report on or announce meetings relevant to the community, etc., with all the associated digital images you wish to provide. This is also a great place to report on your interesting (and hopefully fruitful) collecting activities! Really anything fly-related is considered. I also want to thank Chris Borkent for again assembling the list of Diptera citations since the last Fly Times! The electronic version of the Fly Times continues to be hosted on the North American Dipterists Society website at http://www.nadsdiptera.org/News/FlyTimes/Flyhome.htm. For this issue, I want to again thank all the contributors for sending me so many great articles! Feel free to share your opinions or provide ideas on how to improve the newsletter.
    [Show full text]
  • Voda – Věc Veřejná“
    XVII. KONFERENCE České limnologické společnosti a Slovenskej limnologickej spoločnosti „VODA – VĚC VEŘEJNÁ“ SBORNÍK PŘÍSPĚVKŮ 29. června – 3. července 2015, Mikulov Vanda Rádková a Jindřiška Bojková (eds.) Citace RÁDKOVÁ Vanda (ed.) a BOJKOVÁ Jindřiška (ed.). XVII. konference České limnologické společnosti a Slovenskej limnologickej spoločnosti „Voda – věc veřejná“: Sborník příspěvků. Brno: Masarykova univerzita, 2015. ISBN 978-80-210-7874-1. Vanda Rádková a Jindřiška Bojková (eds.) XVII. konference České limnologické společnosti a Slovenskej limnologickej spoločnosti „Voda – věc veřejná“ Sborník příspěvků Vydala Masarykova univerzita, Žerotínovo nám. 617/9, 601 77 Brno 1. vydání, 2015 Tisk: GNT s.r.o., Purkyňova 1678/8, 612 00 Brno ÚVODNÍ SLOVO Milé kolegyně, kolegové, účastníci 17. konference ČLS a SLS, tři roky od poslední, společné konference našich limnologických společností uběhly doslova jako voda a nadchází proto čas se opět sejít a potkat s přáteli, jakož i novými tvářemi nastupující limnologické generace. Někdy se zdá, že tři roky je dlouhá doba. Častokrát jsme s kolegy ve výboru na toto téma diskutovali: měli bychom pořádat konference ve dvouletém intervalu nebo tříletý je dostatečný? Myslíme si, že na častější akce je nás málo, resp. jaksi nezbývá času. Takže tradice „jednou za tři roky“ bude pokračovat dál, i když s některými z vás se, bohužel, opravdu střetávám pouze během limnokonferencí. Ani ve 21. století se vývoj nových poznatků v limnologii nijak nezastavil a je potěšitelné, že v mezidobí od poslední konference v Jasné česká ani slovenská limnologie nestagnovala. V oblasti základního výzkumu se nám daří skloubit tradiční hydrobiologické výzkumy s moderními přístupy, založenými zejména na aplikaci molekulárně-biologických metod. V aplikované sféře za sebou máme zkušenosti s naplňováním Rámcové směrnice o vodách, ale také celou řadu poznatků ze studií zaměřených na vztahy mezi vodními nádržemi a jejich povodím.
    [Show full text]