Identification of Keratins and Analysis of Their Expression in Carp and Goldfish: Comparison with the Zebrafish and Trout Keratin Catalog
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Rapid Effects of Sex Steroids on PGF2 Approach Response in Zebrafish
Rapid effects of sex steroids on PGF2� approach response in zebrafish (Danio rerio) Student Researcher: Leah B. Kratochvil, Advisor: Richmond R. Thompson Bowdoin College Department of Neuroscience Abstract Steroids are molecular messengers that regulate a variety of bodily functions, including behaviors and sexual motivation. Steroids have long been known to induce behavioral effects in days or weeks, but more recently have been discovered to effect these changes within seconds. Research surrounding these so-called “rapid” effects of steroids on sensory systems is lacking. I took advantage of the sophisticated sex pheromone system in zebrafish to study this system, and the male zebrafish approach response to the pre-ovulatory pheromone prostaglandin F2� (PGF2�). Sexually mature male zebrafish were treated with vehicle, T, or 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) for 40 minutes, and then immediately evaluated for time spent near vehicle or PGF2� administered to their test tank. Initial data suggests that T-treated fish spent more time near the pheromone, indicating that T may rapidly modulate this response in zebrafish. There were no significant differences between treatments. Further investigation, with higher steroid and pheromone concentrations and a slightly different experimental design, is underway to confirm how T and/or 11-KT modulate(s) the male zebrafish approach response to PGF2�. Project Objectives Classically, steroids have been thought to act in the body by binding to intracellular receptors and inducing gene transcription, protein translation and ultimately behavioral responses. However, because this process – termed the “genomic” mechanism due to its interactions with the genome – takes time, these genomic behavioral effects usually take days or weeks to appear. -
The Effect of Fluoxetine on Self-Control in Betta Splendens
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 2014 The effect of fluoxetine on self-control in betta splendens Kathryn Gwen Lamp The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Lamp, Kathryn Gwen, "The effect of fluoxetine on self-control in betta splendens" (2014). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 10770. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/10770 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE EFFECT OF FLUOXETINE ON SELF-CONTROL IN BETTA SPLENDENS by KATHRYN GWEN LAMP Bachelor of Arts, Christopher Newport University, Newport News, VA, 2008 Master of Arts, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 2012 Dissertation presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Experimental Psychology The University of Montana Missoula, MT June 2014 Approved by: Dr. Allen Szalda-Petree, Chair Department of Psychology Dr. Nabil Haddad Department of Psychology Dr. Stuart Hall Department of Psychology Dr. Jerry Smith Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Dr. Keith Parker Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences UMI Number: 3628951 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. -
Studies on the Proteome of Human Hair - Identifcation of Histones and Deamidated Keratins Received: 15 August 2017 Sunil S
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Studies on the Proteome of Human Hair - Identifcation of Histones and Deamidated Keratins Received: 15 August 2017 Sunil S. Adav 1, Roopa S. Subbaiaih2, Swat Kim Kerk 2, Amelia Yilin Lee 2,3, Hui Ying Lai3,4, Accepted: 12 January 2018 Kee Woei Ng3,4,7, Siu Kwan Sze 1 & Artur Schmidtchen2,5,6 Published: xx xx xxxx Human hair is laminar-fbrous tissue and an evolutionarily old keratinization product of follicle trichocytes. Studies on the hair proteome can give new insights into hair function and lead to the development of novel biomarkers for hair in health and disease. Human hair proteins were extracted by detergent and detergent-free techniques. We adopted a shotgun proteomics approach, which demonstrated a large extractability and variety of hair proteins after detergent extraction. We found an enrichment of keratin, keratin-associated proteins (KAPs), and intermediate flament proteins, which were part of protein networks associated with response to stress, innate immunity, epidermis development, and the hair cycle. Our analysis also revealed a signifcant deamidation of keratin type I and II, and KAPs. The hair shafts were found to contain several types of histones, which are well known to exert antimicrobial activity. Analysis of the hair proteome, particularly its composition, protein abundances, deamidated hair proteins, and modifcation sites, may ofer a novel approach to explore potential biomarkers of hair health quality, hair diseases, and aging. Hair is an important and evolutionarily conserved structure. It originates from hair follicles deep within the der- mis and is mainly composed of hair keratins and KAPs, which form a complex network that contributes to the rigidity and mechanical properties. -
Housing, Husbandry and Welfare of a “Classic” Fish Model, the Paradise Fish (Macropodus Opercularis)
animals Article Housing, Husbandry and Welfare of a “Classic” Fish Model, the Paradise Fish (Macropodus opercularis) Anita Rácz 1,* ,Gábor Adorján 2, Erika Fodor 1, Boglárka Sellyei 3, Mohammed Tolba 4, Ádám Miklósi 5 and Máté Varga 1,* 1 Department of Genetics, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; [email protected] 2 Budapest Zoo, Állatkerti krt. 6-12, H-1146 Budapest, Hungary; [email protected] 3 Fish Pathology and Parasitology Team, Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungária krt. 21, 1143 Budapest, Hungary; [email protected] 4 Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan 11795, Egypt; [email protected] 5 Department of Ethology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (A.R.); [email protected] (M.V.) Simple Summary: Paradise fish (Macropodus opercularis) has been a favored subject of behavioral research during the last decades of the 20th century. Lately, however, with a massively expanding genetic toolkit and a well annotated, fully sequenced genome, zebrafish (Danio rerio) became a central model of recent behavioral research. But, as the zebrafish behavioral repertoire is less complex than that of the paradise fish, the focus on zebrafish is a compromise. With the advent of novel methodologies, we think it is time to bring back paradise fish and develop it into a modern model of Citation: Rácz, A.; Adorján, G.; behavioral and evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo) studies. The first step is to define the Fodor, E.; Sellyei, B.; Tolba, M.; housing and husbandry conditions that can make a paradise fish a relevant and trustworthy model. -
Table SD1. Patient Characteristicsa
Table SD1. Patient characteristicsa Patient Sex Age Esophageal Treatment Maximum Cell Maximum Maximum Genotype Food SPT/Ab SPT/F b RAST b Rhinitisc Atopicc Asthmac Alternative diagnosis Dated (year) Disease eosinophils thickness in mast cells lymphocytes anaphylaxis (positive dermatitis /hpf basal layer /hpf /hpf reaction) 1 M 11 NL None 0 3 5 3 Unk No ND ND ND Yes No No Recurrent croup December 2 M 11 NL LTRA 0 3 4 3 Unk No ND ND ND No No Yes Functional abdominal pain May 3 F 9 NL None 0 3 4 3 Unk Unk ND ND ND Unk Unk Unk Functional abdominal pain March 4 M 14 NL None 0 2 6 4 Unk No ND ND ND No No No Vomiting/diarrhea Febuary 5 F 7 NL LTRA 0 3 5 6 Unk Yes 1 3 ND Unk Unk Yes Functional abdominal pain March 6 F 13 NL None 0 2 4 2 Unk No 0 4 ND No No No Functional abdominal pain August 7 M 17 CE PPI 0 4 7 12 Unk Yes 17 4 ND No No Yes None November 8 M 6 CE PPI 0 4 6 10 Unk Unk ND ND ND Unk Unk Unk None June 9 F 16 CE LTRA 3 4 6 8 Unk No ND ND ND No No Yes None January 10 F 13 CE LTRA+PPI 3 5 4 8 Unk No 0 0 ND No No No None August 11 F 11 CE LTRA+PPI 6 4 6 9 Unk Unk ND ND ND Unk Unk Unk None May 12 M 11 EE PPI 24 6 6 12 TT No 2 5 3 Yes No Yes None November 13 F 4 EE PPI 25 6 15 15 TT No 0 0 ND No No No None November 14 M 15 EE None 30 6 24 6 TG Unk 1 1 ND Unk Unk Yes None February 15 M 15 EE None 31 6 15 11 TT No 8 2 ND Yes No Yes None March 16 M 13 EE PPI 32 6 10 25 TG No 0 0 ND No No No None June 17 M 6 EE PPI 40 7 10 21 TT Yes 5 3 0 Unk Unk No None November 18 M 13 EE LTRA 42 7 10 5 TT No 4 5 2 Yes Yes Yes None November 19 F 16 EE LTRA+PPI -
'Montalcino, a Zebrafish Model for Variegate Porphyria'
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2008 montalcino, A zebrafish model for variegate porphyria Dooley, Kimberly A ; Fraenkel, Paula G ; Langer, Nathaniel B ; Schmid, Bettina ; Davidson, Alan J ; Weber, Gerhard ; Chiang, Ken ; Foott, Helen ; Dwyer, Caitlin ; Wingert, Rebecca A ; Zhou, Yi ; Paw, Barry H ; Zon, Leonard I Abstract: OBJECTIVE Inherited or acquired mutations in the heme biosynthetic pathway leads to a debilitating class of diseases collectively known as porphyrias, with symptoms that can include anemia, cutaneous photosensitivity, and neurovisceral dysfunction. In a genetic screen for hematopoietic mutants, we isolated a zebrafish mutant, montalcino (mno), which displays hypochromic anemia and porphyria. The objective of this study was to identify the defective gene and characterize the phenotype of the zebrafish mutant. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genetic linkage analysis was utilized to identify the region harboring the mno mutation. Candidate gene analysis together with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was utilized to identify the genetic mutation, which was confirmed via allele- specific oligo hybridizations. Whole mount in situ hybridizations and o-dianisidine staining were usedto characterize the phenotype of the mno mutant. mRNA and morpholino microinjections were performed to phenocopy and/or rescue the mutant phenotype. RESULTS Homozygous mno mutant embryos have a defect in the protoporphyrinogen oxidase (ppox) gene, which encodes the enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of protoporphyrinogen. Homozygous mutant embryos are deficient in hemoglobin, and by 36 hours post-fertilization are visibly anemic and porphyric. The hypochromic anemia of mno embryos was partially rescued by human ppox, providing evidence for the conservation of function between human and zebrafish ppox. -
Zebrafish Embryos and Bioinformatics: Useful and Marketable Exercises for Students Enrolled in Upper-Level Undergraduate Courses
2019 Eastern Biologist Special Issue 1 Zebrafish as a Model System for Research and Teaching A. Davis, H. Nguyen, and J. Qian 2019 Eastern Biologist Special Issue 1:47–63 Zebrafish Embryos and Bioinformatics: Useful and Marketable Exercises for Students Enrolled in Upper-Level Undergraduate Courses Adam Davis1*, Hong Nguyen1, and Jo Qian1 Abstract - The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a widely used vertebrate model system in several branches of biological research, including molecular biology, developmental biology, and evolutionary biology. The rapid and transparent development of embryos outside of the mother allows for real- time observation of embryonic development of different types of organ systems. However, the types of wet-lab exercises involving zebrafish embryos that undergraduate students can perform during a 2-3 hour laboratory period are limited. Recent advances in bioinformatics applications and the availability of genomic sequence data from zebrafish and other evolutionarily divergent vertebrates, including human, allow students to be actively involved in semester-long molecular, evolutionary, and developmental biology projects that can be performed both in and out of the laboratory. In this paper, we report several exercises that can be used in upper level undergraduate biology courses that include a 2-3 hour weekly laboratory session. These exercises include amino acid and genomic DNA sequence alignment and gene expression analysis of Hoxa2, a developmental regulatory gene that is highly characterized in its expression and function. All exercises make use of standard operating procedures for training students on new techniques. The exercises presented will provide several learning outcomes for students, including the identification of conserved protein domains and cis- regulatory elements and how mutations to these motifs can lead to evolutionary diversity as well as the development of homeostatic imbalances in humans. -
Polyphyletic Origin of Ornamental Goldfish
Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2015, 6, 1005-1013 Published Online August 2015 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/fns http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/fns.2015.611104 Polyphyletic Origin of Ornamental Goldfish Aleksandr V. Podlesnykh1, Vladimir A. Brykov1,2, Lubov A. Skurikhina1 1Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, A. V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Vladivostok, Russia 2School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia Email: [email protected] Received 6 May 2015; accepted 17 August 2015; published 20 August 2015 Copyright © 2015 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Abstract Mitochondrial DNA fragment of cytb was compared in all species Carassius auratus complex and three forms of ornamental goldfish. It is shown that the phylogenetic relationships between com- plex species correspond to the existing views, based on mtDNA data and geographical distribution. All forms of ornamental goldfish have a monophyletic origin from Chinese goldfish C. auratus au- ratus. The analysis showed that three nuclear genes (rps7, GH1 and Rh) in the two forms of orna- mental goldfish (Oriental twintail goldfish and Chinese Ranchu) were almost identical C. auratus auratus genes, while all three gene in another more simple form of goldfish (common goldfish) were highly homologous to carp Cyprinus carpio nuclear genes. The obtained data suggested that in the history of aquarium goldfish breeding occurred the stage of distant hybridization between goldfish and common carp. Subsequently, the nuclear genomes of some ornamental forms could be enriched by goldfish genes (a relatively recent form as Oriental twintail goldfish and Chinese Ranchu) or common carp genes (the simplest and most ancient forms like common goldfish) as a result of multidirectional breeding and selection of aquarium goldfish various forms. -
Carps, Minnows Etc. the Cyprinidae Is One of the Largest Fish Families With
SOF text final l/out 12/12/02 12:16 PM Page 60 4.2.2 Family Cyprinidae: Carps, Minnows etc. The Cyprinidae is one of the largest fish families with more than 1700 species world-wide. There are no native cyprinids in Australia. A number of cyprinids have been widely introduced to other parts of the world with four species in four genera which have been introduced to Australia. There are two species found in the ACT and surrounding area, Carp and Goldfish. Common Name: Goldfish Scientific Name: Carassius auratus Linnaeus 1758 Other Common Names: Common Carp, Crucian Carp, Prussian Carp, Other Scientific Names: None Usual wild colour. Photo: N. Armstrong Biology and Habitat Goldfish are usually associated with warm, slow-flowing lowland rivers or lakes. They are often found in association with aquatic vegetation. Goldfish spawn during summer with fish maturing at 100–150 mm length. Eggs are laid amongst aquatic plants and hatch in about one week. The diet includes small crustaceans, aquatic insect larvae, plant material and detritus. Goldfish in the Canberra region are often heavily infected with the parasitic copepod Lernaea sp. A consignment of Goldfish from Japan to Victoria is believed to be responsible for introducing to Australia the disease ‘Goldfish ulcer’, which also affects salmonid species such as trout. Apart from the introduction of this disease, the species is generally regarded as a ‘benign’ introduction to Australia, with little or no adverse impacts documented. 60 Fish in the Upper Murrumbidgee Catchment: A Review of Current Knowledge SOF text final l/out 12/12/02 12:16 PM Page 61 Distribution, Abundance and Evidence of Change Goldfish are native to eastern Asia and were first introduced into Australia in the 1860s when it was imported as an ornamental fish. -
Caring for Your Goldfish
Adding a Goldfish to a Cleaning Your Fish Bowl Dirty fish bowls not only look bad, they Bowl or Aquarium Caring for Now it’s time to put your new Goldfish in are also unhealthy for fish. By following a their new home! Whenever fish are netted few simple maintenance steps your fish Your and handled, their protective slime coat is bowl will always look beautiful. The following steps are an ideal regiment for rubbed off. When adding fish to any keeping your fish bowl looking great. Goldfish aquarium, be sure to add additional water conditioner to help relieve stress. The best To keep your fish healthy, you should method to add new fish is to float the unopened bag of fish in their new home change at least half of the water in your for 10 minutes to allow the fish to adjust Goldfish bowl or aquarium every 3 days. Follow these easy steps: to the water temperature. Then, open the bag and gently release the fish into their 1. Fill a separate container with tap water. Mix hot and cold tap water new home. The bag water may contain fish waste (ammonia), so try to avoid until it is the same temperature as adding the bag water to the aquarium. the water your Goldfish is swimming in. 2. Add a water conditioner to the tap water to remove the disinfectants Feeding Your Fish that are toxic to your fish. It is best to feed your Goldfish only 3. Add the aquarium salts and test the enough food that it can eat in five pH level, adjusting the pH level as minutes. -
ITRAQ-Based Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Processed Euphorbia Lathyris L
Zhang et al. Proteome Science (2018) 16:8 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12953-018-0136-6 RESEARCH Open Access ITRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis of processed Euphorbia lathyris L. for reducing the intestinal toxicity Yu Zhang1, Yingzi Wang1*, Shaojing Li2*, Xiuting Zhang1, Wenhua Li1, Shengxiu Luo1, Zhenyang Sun1 and Ruijie Nie1 Abstract Background: Euphorbia lathyris L., a Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is commonly used for the treatment of hydropsy, ascites, constipation, amenorrhea, and scabies. Semen Euphorbiae Pulveratum, which is another type of Euphorbia lathyris that is commonly used in TCM practice and is obtained by removing the oil from the seed that is called paozhi, has been known to ease diarrhea. Whereas, the mechanisms of reducing intestinal toxicity have not been clearly investigated yet. Methods: In this study, the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) in combination with the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) proteomic method was applied to investigate the effects of Euphorbia lathyris L. on the protein expression involved in intestinal metabolism, in order to illustrate the potential attenuated mechanism of Euphorbia lathyris L. processing. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the intestine after treated with Semen Euphorbiae (SE), Semen Euphorbiae Pulveratum (SEP) and Euphorbiae Factor 1 (EFL1) were identified. The bioinformatics analysis including GO analysis, pathway analysis, and network analysis were done to analyze the key metabolic pathways underlying the attenuation mechanism through protein network in diarrhea. Western blot were performed to validate selected protein and the related pathways. Results: A number of differentially expressed proteins that may be associated with intestinal inflammation were identified. -
AQUATIC INVADERS a Sea Grant/AZA Partnership 1 Goldfish Carassius Auratus • Make Sure That in the Event of a Flood, the Fish, Plants, Snails, Etc
U.S. Geological Survey COMMON NAME: Goldfish SCIENTIFIC NAME: Carassius auratus (Linnaeus 1758) NATIVE DISTRIBUTION: Eastern and central Asia, including China, Russia, Korea, and possibly Japan and Taiwan. U.S. distribution: The goldfish was the first foreign fish introduced into the U. S., and has been here since at least the late 1600s. The species can be found in the wild in every state except Alaska. Habitat: The goldfish is a very adaptable species, and lives in a variety of natural and artificial habitats, Survey Geological U.S. including: lakes, ponds, reservoirs and slow-flowing streams. It is often found in areas with submerged aquatic vegetation. Life cycle: Individuals become adults after about 1 to 2 years. During spawning, the females scatter their adhesive eggs over vegetation, roots, gravel or other sub- strata. The males then fertilize the eggs. Eggs hatch in about 3 to 7 days. Individuals typically live 6 to 7 years. Cool facts: In the wild, the species is a dull olive-brown or bronze. The bright orange goldfish we are familiar with from pet stores is actually a mutation that has been selectively bred for by fish grow- ers. When re-introduced to the wild, reproducing populations of bright orange goldfish quickly revert to the ancestral “wild” type coloration within a few generations. Pathways of invasion: Aquarium releases, bait bucket releases, water garden flooding. Impacts: Goldfish are messy eaters, stirring up the substrate while feeding. This suspension of silt causes excess turbidity in the water, which in turn can kill many kinds of aquatic plants. Additionally, suspended silt can cover the eggs of native species of fish and kill them.