A D artmou th

Book of Remembrance

Pen an d Cam era Sketch es of Han ov er an d

the Colle ge B efor e the Centennial

and After

B y

ro fe ss or Edwin B art tt 1872 P J l e ,

Th e Web ste r Pre s s

r New am s hire Ha no ve , H p 1 9 2 2 C op y rl gh t 1 9 2 2 b y T h e W eb ste r P re ss

NTI NG C0 H E F . . H EE R PR I T J .

lu m b u s Oh o Co , i NO$ 3 H$$

' © Cl A6 9 08 6 7 PREFACE

A $ 1 w c N J A NU R , 9 04 , t o illustrated le tures were given by five of Hanover ’ s long time I ” citizens upon Hanover Forty Years Ago .

The room was crowded and the interest great . The lectures were afterwards printed in pamphlet form from shorthand notes and are a mine or perhaps better a potato patch of homely items from which every citizen might dig nourishment . But the pamphlet is out of print ; college matters were not the primary obj ect of the lectures ; dif f erent people remember different things ; some r gleanings remain . And if excuse is needed f o r of t ying to take advantage these facts , the s ad knowledge of the passing of many of multiple memories and picturesque vo cabularies without leaving any record is an incentive to lesser ones to do what they can or to try to do what they ’ can t .

CONTENTS

PA GE

T H E COLLEGE

T H E $ I LLA GE

T H E D A RT M OUT H H O TEL

T H E O LD CH A PEL

T H E B UR$ I N G G ROU N D

COLLEGE D I S CI PLI N E

R E S A N G U S TA E

T E ACH I N G S C H O O L

I

THE COLLE GE

of Mr . Charles P . Chase at the beginning his dissertation upon the Migratory Houses of Han over gives the experiences of a freshman enter 1 1 ing college in 865 . In 868 the experiences were much the same ; but this freshman came from Chicago by way of Montreal , and was aroused by the knuckles of a Pullman porter to crawl out upon the platform of the worst railroad M now j unction at 3 A . . , about the same as . The chill night air of September 8 rd struck into his unresisting form , but his principal reaction was the awe of the dweller in a flat country at the

- surrounding mountains . After five well known ’ hours of discomfort , an 8 o clock train , as now , c — if bore him to Hanover . The train fa ilities that is a proper term for them — differed little from those of the present time . A train 1 1 M sauntered southward about A . . , and a mail

2 . train wandered in at any time after P M . It is als o within memory that a train arrived from the south an hour or s o after midnight . Unless c n he a prove an alibi on that particular morning ,

I shall assert that Ira B . Allen himself met me with a Concord coach and drove me up that most discouraging hill and set me down hungry and homesick near the old Dartmouth Hotel . Later

I may make remarks upon this institution , as I ( 9 ) 1 0 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE think my wife and I are now a maJ orI ty of the survivors of two years of its hospitality f or room and board . Ira Allen and his wife I knew better later when he had a baked apple face and was rather poddy . ’ f Mrs . Allen s voice I often heard regulating af airs

The D reary E ntran c e

at the stable , but she was a good woman and many

are the times , in the days of much use of the

extraordinarily cheap stable , when , as I paid my h little livery bill , s e would slip me back W e or so with the statement that the remainder of the

cash was plenty . Ira was inclined to somnolence

in his later days , but was capable of peppery lan

guage on occasion . One of the utterances upon DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 1 1 which rested his reputation as a local humorist was when good Dr . Leeds sought to bring him into the fold and make of him a regular attendant “ ” “ - at the meeting house ; Well , Doctor , he said , if

’ ’ I m not there don t y ou wait , but go right ahead

with the services . And speaking of Dr . Leeds

The J oy ful O utlet and the former blank white rear wall of the church , Mrs . Susan Brown , who was not one to speak lightly of the minister , said that when he was in the pulpit he looked like a fly in a pan of milk .

’ After refreshment , a cousin who had one year s advantage of me took me in charge and I did those things which were becoming to a freshman , $ isit 12 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

ing those kindly Profs . in their studies , and pass n ing all my examinations , some of them by a ’ s wering inquiries concerning my father s health ’ to o to and if I hadn t come a good way g college .

However , I was prepared to enter , so what dif ference did it make $

fift - a o This was y four years g . Compare the

College now and then by means of cold facts , the reader furnishing the other side of the parallel f column . The total enrollment o the College that 0 - fall was 3 7 . Fifty three were from without New f England , and o the remainder more than half Th e of were from New Hampshire . list all the faculty including non-resident medical lecturers 2 was 8 , of whom one , the Dean Emeritus , now “ ” 1 4 survives . The Academic faculty numbered , w of - ith the addition one non resident lecturer . 2 1 “ ” There were 6 Academies . The catalog of the time gives Departments Medical , Academic , ll Chandler Scientific , Agricultural . These were a distinct and separate in instruction and admin i r ion st at . The Agricultural D epartment was the New Hampshire College of Agriculture and the f Mechanic Arts with a separate Board o Trustees . It had j ust started up with a Junior class of 1 0 but no faculty of its own . The Thayer School had been founded but not yet put in operation .

r The buildings were the old ow , Wentworth , r Dartmouth , Thornton and Reed , the Observato y and the Chandler Building , with the gymnasium ( now the home of the Thayer School ) which had been in use something over a year . DARTMOUTH BOOK OF RE ME MBRAN OE 1 3

Under the name of South Hall the College of f ered the Old Hotel ( where is now the Currier ” Block ) to indigent Freshmen , at a year ac for each one of two in a room . Although the

’ S o uth H ll th e H o e o f Ele v e nl 72 Fre sh en a , m m commodations were as indigent as their oc cu ants p , life in the old barrack had many j oys . “ ” There were no snap el ectives because there one were no electives of any kind . E very in the Academic Department studied the same things e if he studi d at all . And if sitting beside the same men f or four years and unitedly learning how each professor manipulated his cards and 1 4 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF RE ME M BRAN GE

applied the marking scale had its disadvantages , it also had advantages which will never come t I again . Tha scale was a wonder : was perfect ; 5 was absolute zero ; and as it was worked the average marks of the first third of the class seldom got any nearer 5 than Greek ap r 1 p ea ed as mental pabulum in nine of the 2 terms , and Latin in 8 , and what was the matter with the 4 other 3 or terms I can not tell . The Calculus , differential and integral , was required , and

imagination supplies the sequel . A year or two later a faculty who evidently could not live up to their stern ‘ resp onsibilities made a course in “ ” French optional with the Calculus .

The college modernist will be surprised , per

o haps incredulous , when I tell him that am ng the early exhibits to the freshmen were the “ class leaders ( in scholarship ) . There woul d be little appreciation today of the j oke much enj oyed old around the College , that when Spuds was asked by Professor Parker what “ ambrosia ” “ ” of meant , he replied the hai r oil the gods ; nor that Percy was called “ Spondee ” because he had two long feet . When some flippant youth read ing Horace to Professor Parker translated “ sim ” “ ” plex mu nditiis neat but not gaudy that good man with a smile and lingering loving accent re

e m u nditiis p ated , simplex , simple in her ele ’ gance , a motto for every young lady s toilet , and ’ f r every young gentleman s too o that matter , ending with a gentle chuckle . And that is about as near to censu re as he ever came . The constant DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 1 5 use of a word with so definite a technical meaning as “ alibi ” for “ excuse ” would have j arred many re of us , and even now some of us obj ect to the ” current j ournalistic use of aphasia as loss of memory .

a The United Fraternity , known s Fraters , and the Social Friends were still active organizations , and all freshmen were assigned to one or the other by alphabetical alternation . Thus they kicked football upon the Campus to avoid the ex ces s ive tension of the Old Division ( often called

Whole Division ) game , which was Seniors and

Sophomores vs . Juniors and Freshmen . These societies possessed libraries of nearly 9 000 c volumes each , and gave o casion for lively politics , since the librarians were elected , drew salaries and appointed assistants . They united in an “ Exhibition j ust before Thanksgiving at which our most talented seniors showed the world what real poems and orations were . There was also an official “ Junior Exhibition in April at which the smart lads of the class o spoke pieces . This festival was made the c casion of the distribution of m ock programs sup posed to be the work of Sophomores , who were , i however , a ded and abetted by the Seniors . These were usually of an indelicate , coarse , smutty ,

ou foetid , pornographic nature , if y know what I c mean . And as dete tion of the author meant im mediate extinction s o far as college was con cerned , they were printed and circulated in deepest secrecy . The most decent , I remember , 1 6 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE announced that the procession would be headed by President Smith riding on a cow , and that he could b e distinguished from the cow by his spec taeles . That so kindly a gentleman as President Smith should b e thus derided merely illustrates the extent to which an alleged j oke sometimes befogs the youthful mind . I confess that I have a number of these programs carefully put away . Some remain from the distributions of half a century ago and some have been sent me by friends who doubtless feared to be caught with o the g ods upon them . As peculiar historical documents - I have hated to destroy them ; but hav ing confessed s o much I will further affirm that I never s aw any of them until they had been printed and circulated . The College library then numbered about volumes and was as carefully guarded as the

United States Mint . Perhap s I can avoid the usual class egotism by mentioning only a few items of college life and those either obsolete now or unusual at the time . In the early days of the term we Freshmen “ ” were notified to be on hand at a Shirt-tail to be held some time after the W itching hour of mid

night . The custom has survived in a form as attenuated as is the length of paj ama j ackets to that of the ancient garment . A distinguished i li New York doctor and I , with Freshman s mp c

ity , prepared ou r lessons together for the follow

ing day ( lectures in those days were few , and we recited ) with full intention of being among th ose DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 1 7

present , but the sandman overpowered our youth ful eyes and we went off to our beds . The affair was highly obnoxiou s to the faculty , since it de veloped into a tin-horn serenade of a professor — who had been married during the summer the only case of the kind I have known in the College .

Missiles were flung and bad language used , as the mob spirit prevailed . Of that host of white-robed outlaws two n seniors and o e freshman , conspicuous by a -o- pumpkin j ack lantern , were apprehended . It was the fate of the freshman to be separated from recitations for a period , though remaining in resi to dence . The seniors were condemned ru stica ” tion , that is exiled to a selected place and tutor . The tutor in these cases was usually a country no o l minister , and the exile was t s forlorn . Rura society did n ot look severely upon college esca pades , and it is well known that out of New Eng ’ land villages have come many of the country s brightest and best .

I think these were the only victims of j ustice , which was considered a huge j oke around college ; but I suppose a great deal of college discipline has to go this way . The fraternity question was quickly and easily

“ ' ” settled . They held menageries in thos e days , which were more like the after-meetings of a re vival season than anything else . The fraternities Ps i were Upsilon , Kappa Kappa Kappa , Alpha

Delta Phi , and Delta Kappa Epsilon . A worthy 1 8 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE little group who were in some way overlooked

establi shed Theta Delta Chi , s o that all the class were gathered in , except two or three who stayed f or out religious or economic reasons . Another fraternity was established a little later and the A egis wisely remarked that the College now had o all that it could supp rt . These were the days when flourished the Fresh man societies , Kappa Sigma Epsilon and Delta r Kappa . With ou eyes tightly bandaged and in - f lock step we marched into the hall o torture . The attendant demons wh o had been in college a year longen g reeted us with dreadful moans and howls in sepulchral— I suppos e sepulchral— voices and occasional articulate warnings like Fr esh ” a a re i man b ew aa . I had been h dden by friendly Sophomores to be of good heart as mv body would not be mutilated beyond recognition . As a matter of fact most of us were not mussed up at all , on though we had to place our hands an iron mitt ,

- which might have been red hot but was not , to of take th e dreadful oath . A few lewd fellows the baser sort having their victims blindfold and helpless took the opportunity to imbed pins deeply in the well -cushioned parts of certain freshmen oo who had been blacklisted as t blatant , and to l administer s y pinches , and upon one they poured

- water through a dirty stove pipe , but there was little ingenuity of torture in the proceedings . These societies maintained debates and other literary exercises for a part of the year , and

2 0 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

B ut in this sketch which is static rather than c progressive , a cross se tion rather than a pan of c orama , I can give an exact view our athleti s

at the time . f There were legends of rowing, rumors o

rowing to come , but the s econd advent of rowing

really occurred about five years later . Paddling in on the river there was , for canoes had been

vented some years earlier . Intercollegiate baseball was a feeble plant and

the games were few and casual . A little rudi mentary A egis f or 2 5 cents announces editorially in what was thought to be a tone of discourage “ F or ment and bitterness , sale , nine gray uni

forms . The owners are sold already . But it was a grand era f or the intramural game ; five and even six games often raged at once upon the campus and that same A egis and others enrolled ten or twelve organized “ nines ” of one kind and

another , besides those that merely played and

howled . At that time the pitcher was restricted to a

straight arm underhand pitch , but he was only 4 5 feet from the batter and was allowed nine 1 s t balls . Runners were not allowed to overrun base ; fouls counted for nothing unless they were

caught in the ai r or on the first bound . Only

babies wore gloves : that is , they were not worn .

Catchers had neither mask nor chest protector . The ca tcher played up to the bat after the second

strike or , if he was pretty nervy , when there was n a runner o the bases . Every catcher received

2 2 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE one or more foul tips on his features during the

season . I have a photograph now of my class nine in which the catcher exposes his profile in order to conceal a scrambled eye . As the ball was hard and lively and hit with all the violence of brawny men , baseball was somewhat more an heroic adventure than at present .

Football was simplicity itself . You ran all over ou the campus , and when , as , and if y got a chance you kicked a round rubber ball to the east or to $ o o the west . u might run all the afterno n and not get your toe upon the ball , but you could not o deny that y u had had a fair chance , and the exercise wa s yours and could be valued by the number of hot rolls consumed at the evening meal . or The game was played by two by two hundred . You always knew in which direction to kick b e cause y o u were bound to know whether y ou were a Frater or a Social . The game could b e played half an hour or all the afternoon ; some dropped out , others dropped in . It was especially adapted to the half-hour between 1 2 when recitations closed and when the dinner bell rang . It was glorious for exercise , and had enough excite ment to make it highly interesting . It gave ample opportunity for competitions in speed , finesse , dodging , endurance , and occasional personal colli F r sions . o a year the faculty in its inscrutable wisdom debarred this highly useful game because

of of abuses , as they thought , in the manner

on of playing it . In my j unior vear I was e a committee sent by the College to ask the President DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 2 3

’ please couldn t we play the game again if we would be good ; and he , after taking counsel , said yes . f Croquet , af ected by seniors in their last term , f was regarded as ef eminate , but from the lan guage occasionally overheard it may have been a virile game after all .

There was always walking , and pl enty of it .

For most the winter was a rather close season .

Instead of the toboggan the snowshoe and the ski , the “ double runner ” dashed down the hilly roads which lead outward from the village in each di n rection . I suspect that coasting o the roads was unlawful , but it was done ; and there was nothing tame about it in going down nor easy a bout it in in going up . The writer has done all the hill s ’ of cluding Balch s , though part that was rolling . Hockey was played when there was good ice “ ” upon the river , but under the name of shinney . There was no pond where is now “ Faculty pond “ ” ccom or O pond . Many years ago a pond must have been there , but it had become undammed . The present pond was recovered by a dam thrown 1 across in 89 9 . I I THE VILLAGE The impression which the village of Hanover 1 made on a freshman in 868 was permanent , but it was deepened on his return ten yea rs later to the same village almost unchanged in the interval . h A remote rural hamlet of the 1 8t century it was . no — On consideration , it is remote w almost the most remote place in New England by measure a of geography and railw y connections , but it has lost somewhat its scenic fitness f or a moving of picture the Elegy in a Country Churchyard . The entrance over the Ledyard B ridge and up the hill suggested the familiar “ Let him who enters ” hO here leave p e behind . West Wheelock street , r of course without chu rch o fraternity houses , was the abode of staid householders glad of the financial increment from renting rooms to students . President Smith lived in the house now r occupied by Mr . Randall . And I shall never f o i get the hospitable house of Pres dent B rown , wherein I ate my first Hanover supper and on cheered up . It stood the site of Coll ege Hall , facing south ; later it tripped over to East c of Wheelock street and be ame the home D r . C . h P . Frost ; and now the Chi Phi Fraternity as it . The little brick building occupied by the Stock bridge Association was the whole and only school house . Webster avenue was not laid out and (24)

2 6 DARTMOUTH B OOK OF RE M E M BRA N GE

there were no buildings to the northwest of its

present location . There were only two or three little houses in the region northerly from May wa nard street , and these later gave y to the on Ho s pital . There were no houses Park street , and the southeast and southwest corners of the village had not yet been filled in .

There were walks by the sides of the road , but no sidewalks , and in the spring rubber boots were both genteel and necessary . Everyone wore them , and if invited to a party one might with propriety take along slippers in a bag . A few kerosene lamps made the darkness of night visible , but the wise citizen traveled ab out the streets guided by his own lantern . The only water supplies were the heavens directly into cisterns , and spring water coming from over the hill towards Lebanon in a lead main of about inches caliber , dis tributed in “ shares ” by a perpetually running

- pin hole stream , and stored in an alcohol barrel or a cement cistern . A share for a family was about

4 0 u n gallons a day . This seems ample to the calculating , and it would be ample if the family drank it all ; but the average use and waste of 0 1 00 water today is 8 to gallons per individual . The head was enough to force the stream to the f ground loor and no higher . There were a few larger reservoirs at some of the street corners for fire purposes , but under the circumstances when a house took fire it was expected to burn to the ground . The college buildings were supplied from a well on the campus not far from the north

' 28 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

rooms . I have a mental , I wish it were photo f a - graphic , picture o an fterward distinguished son of Dartmouth attending church service in a

- w- stove pipe hat , a swallo tailed coat , knee

t . breeches and long white hose , never heless An older resident inquired of a new comer in a “ cautious whisper , D o you ever do such a thing ” as play cards $ There are members of my class who will always believe that the reason why the gas went ou t at our graduating reception ( for in 1 872 there was a kind of gas ) was to suppress in a polite manner a little indiscriminate dancing

which had spontaneously developed .

The campus , as everyone knows , was fenced . It yielded a fair crop of hay j ust before Com mencement and a scant rowan before the opening too of the fall term . This was a period , , when the surrounding rural population as well as peri i e p atet c fakers , mount banks and hucksters con in t u ed to take great interest in Commencement , on maintaining a lusty midway plaisance , a small th scale , at the south end of e campus , outside the c fen e . And the custom early noted here of the lads and lasses wandering about hand-in-hand

was not yet obsolete .

There were no sewers in the place , and drainage was into cesspools or upon the surface of the r ground . Why mention a gruesome matter so e mote from culture $ B ut culture cannot be sepa

rated from material conditions . The drainage and the drinking water and the cultu re were con tinu all y getting mixed , especially in the fall of DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 2 9 the year ; and the Bacillus Typhosis flourished like the green bay tree . One hundred cas es of typhoid was , I believe , the record in one season .

Fever suggests doctors . The medical lectures

M in S t E st S id e L ook in N orth a . , a , g began early in August and continued till about the first of November bringing a number of dis tingu ished specialists to the village for the period of their lectures ; but resident physicians were few . Before we had fi nished our course Dr . o Carlton P . Fr st had come here to live ; but from B ” the beginning I can remember only Dr . en 8 0 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

C rosby , who , I think , did not spend all his time h here , and Dr . Dixi Crosby , an old man then , w o lived in the Crosby House . I had occasion to

— f or consult him twice , once an obstinate case

d k M in S t . est S i e L oo in N orth a , W , g

of ivy poisoning , for which I remember he pre “ ’ o l r scribed G u a d s extract , purchasable at ’ Deacon Downing s pharmacy , and once for a very r painful felon in the palm of the hand , sta ting

from a baseball bruise . After exhausting the “ ” “ ” re soft answer , that is mush ( poultices ) , he

sorted to the steel ; upon which silence , for

rhetorical effect . DARTMOUTH BOOK OF RE M E M BRANGE 3 1

Eating clubs had much more of the club -like “ ” r nature than at present . A commissa y se cured members and supervised accounts ; a work o ing housekeeper , for a fixed sum per m uth — — filled about 5 0c a week provided room , fur

nishings , and cooking ; waiters served for their

board ; and the cost of the food was assessed . It was possible to eat with a fair chance of sustain ing life f or a week without tea or coffee ; and the maximum of nutritive and gustatory luxury could be enj oyed for to It of was , however , as it is now , largely a matter hasty stoking-u p regardless of the refining and esthetic influence of feeding under gentle and social conditions ; and it produced a class of hasty gobblers with whom it is impossible f or civiliz ed

eaters to keep pace . The breakfast menu , to con

quer which has always been a race against time , on was , to the best of my memory , e slab of alleged one beefsteak , piping hot baked potato , as many

hot rolls as time permitted , and as a staple the con pale anemic raised doughnut , shrewdly structed without the sugar which in the hot fat develops the rich caramel color of the true or ’ r mother s variety , but which was soaked in o washed down by huge draughts of sugar-s at u rated ff r co ee . The bills of fare f o the rest of

are now the dav less vivid , a little more varied

I s or it true , but based on the th e v of substance before art , and favoring the adolescent hankering

for milk and then some more milk , and pie . My memory about ardent spirits — the demon

DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 3 3 — rum , or good red liquor , as you prefer is

- - vague . I know a decent appearing , white haired “ ” grandpa , rightly called Judge by many , who tells how , when a thirsty soul from the suburbs came inquiring around where he could get it , they directed him with care and secrecy to the house of D r . Leeds ; and h e , the teller , chuckles over it yet . I suppose that at the glacial peri od under con sideration some coal came into Hanover , but if that was the case I never knew it . All the furnaces I knew burned wood and were bad actors . They smoked , as did none of the faculty .

The stove was the fire king . And there were two ” of — kinds stoves the airtight , with side on entrance , used in homes , e in each inhabited ox or room , and the b rectangular stove appro r p riate to recitation rooms and ailwav stations , stoked by lifting a hinged top that often slipped o with great clatter , especially during recitati ns . old - The reliable air tight delivered the goods . It was adapted to slow over-night carbonization or to immediate incandescence which would raise

° the temperature of an ordinary room to 9 0 while you were breaking the ice in the water pitcher .

- And the anti tuberculou s distillate of creosote , far more wholesome than the sulphu r-bearing a coal g s , is reminiscent in many Hanover houses to the present day . Good rock maple wood was abundant , and after sawing and splitting was carefully stored away b efore nightfall ; f or it was 3 4 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE one of those commodities which from time to time inherit a fashion of vanishing away , like um brellas , house numbers , garments from the

- - o r clothes line , turkeys , text books , and s fo th , on each in turn . Often the winter afternoons “ r four o five ox teams , the sleds loaded with four ” foot wood , stood in the street near the hotel , and as darkness approached and sales were slow , the price for a cord came down to or even so that the driver might get home in time to do the chores .

The houses were migratory as has been told ; and in further illustration of the slight union of buildings and their sites — from the Inn to the Bank only two lots are occupied by the buildings

1 f fi of 868 , that o the express of ce , and of the dwelling beyond ; while on the other side of the street , from and including the Administration ’ building to the little chapel of St . Thomas “ ” ’ Church , only two others , Uncle Jo Emerson s occupied by the Casque and Gauntlet and the ff Walker house across the lane from the post O ice , now remain . And everywhere the material prog ress of the College has been attended b y houses “ -in- - on wheels playing Puss the Corner , or houses in wagons traveling to the salvage heap . “ ” The Tontine , besides serving as a business center , was the home of several fraternities of 1 six at the time its destruction by fire in 887 . f or I can speak only my own , quartered in a high and dignified room extending from front to rear — of the building and provided with ante room and

3 6 DARTMOUTH B OOK OF REMEMBRANCE

or tractive apples a penny each , , if you did not

ix . pick the largest , s for five cents . Newton S

Huntington had organized the National bank , and was also carrying on a savings bank which had F rar s been started by Elder Richardson . The y and their ever-to -b e-remembered tavern held im ’ portant place in the community . In Cobb s gen eral store you could buy anything , if Mr . Cobb , who did not like to be bothered , or his clerk , could o find it . Cl ugh Storrs ran another general f ’ store . Later E . P . Storrs , long one o Hanover s o t most respected citizens , to k over the Dar mouth Mc lar B ookstore from N . A . C y and carried it on for many years . E . D . Carpenter made good o clothes , and Ballou , a dashing y ung blade , helped “ ” him . B ill Gibbs also tailored . I cannot recall that metropolitan houses had yet discovered that

Dartmouth students had money to spend . How could they when two -thirds or more of them were teaching school twelve weeks in the winter at 40 to 0 from $ $6 a month paying b oard , and at $2 5 and upwards “ boarding around ” $ Parker had the bookstore , and Maj or Wainwright the tin ’ f or shop , there wasn t much plumbing . M . M . $ b Amara came a out this time , though the inven

of Para. as er a tion C p w s yet to come . P . H . Whit f comb ran the printing o fice , and it was believed around college that the correction of an error in

proof resulted in two errors in the revise . On press days Whitcomb used man power and it was also reputed that the long and lank John Suse was the only man in Hanover strong enough to

3 8 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

’ furnish it . Smith s bakery had b een in Hanover many years , and Smith , it is said , first brought anthracite coal into Hanover . It was H . O . Bly who took the pictures , and as business was not always pressing he was closely associated with a o pipe and a bench utside his door . Dr . James

Newton , in the Phi Gamma Delta House , pulled and replaced teeth ; and his parlor was a center of amateur music , although in that respect there was no connection between vocation and avo ca o ti n . Of cou rse Ira Allen supplied the equine transportation . Once , summoned from the street w to itness a legal paper , I visited the chaotic lair ’

of . Squire Duncan , over Cobb s store He was

then ancient beyond my youthful comprehension .

I knew him much better ten years later . I must give a special paragraph to Jason Dud 1 1 2 1 9 . ley , whose era was from 8 to 8 3

In his early days he was chief engineer of a stage coach and once drove my father into Han

over . At a later time my father recalled it and complimented Jason on the safe completion of “ the j ourney , to which Jason responded You never said a truer thing in any of your sermons ” than that . His real j oy he found in his chosen profession — —driver of the Hanover hearse of which he ’ took the broadest view . One of Hanover s bril

liant daughters , Mildred Crosby Lindsay , has

given me some of her recollections . Mrs . Lindsay “ ’ writes , I think all names but the Crosbys should

N o be suppressed . C rosby was ever sensitive DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 3 9

about a good story . And reluctantly I accept — E d her j udgment for the most part . Mrs . wards , in the cemetery arranging for the inter “ ment of her aged aunt , Mrs . Johns , said , I ’

M . think , r Dudley , that by placing auntie s head this way by uncle ’ s feet you could make room for ” s E d her and for a small headstone . Well , Mis ’ ackin wards , this aint no sardine p factory , and ’ while I am the head of this cem tery heads will ’ match heads or the old woman won t be planted , replied Jason , and the matter was settled .

And Mrs . E dwards in eulogy of the uncle , the elegant Professor Johns , declared , It was a great loss to the college , and the village , when he paid ” “ ” the debt to nature . Well , I swan , roared “ Jason , if he paid the debt to nature it was the fust debt he ever paid ; old Duncan never could ” ho see w he kept ou t of j ail .

Meeting one day the healthy collector of these ha sayings , who s survived him many years , he “ said cheerfully , I done some measuring down to your lot today and if we bury you in the north corner of the lot in the curve where we calculated to , your legs will be part in the highway . We ’ ’ on was lottin your bein short like your mother , ’ but y ou got one of those figgers that nothin stops o your waist but y ur heels . He said deacon Jacobs was considerable of a j ellyfish with the ladies . He added that he under stood there was something on his tombstone about his thinking more about G od than he did about his food . By gorry , the man that wrote that 4 0 DARTMOUTH B OOK OF RE MEMBRANCE

o i never s ee the deacon eat g od victuals , was h s

emphatic comment .

When elder Charles , a paralytic , died Jason “ ‘ said , We all ought to j ine in singing Thou art ’ gone to the grave , but we will not deplore thee $ Reflecting upon the effect of a great granite

stone placed over the grave of D r . A s a C rosby , ’ he said to Mrs . Lindsay s father , D r . B en Crosby , “ A s a will be some late for the Resurrection , and it is a pity for he is the one Crosby you can count ’ ” on ha gittin in . One day when Jason d the funeral horse in the buggy and was giving his

young friend a ride , he flicked th e s edate beast

with the whip and caused it to trot . His com panion protested that this might unfit the animal “ ” for its more serious duties Mildred , said ’ Ja s on , don t you suppose that horse knows the difference between you and a corpse $ ”

o - Dr . Ben C rosby , a n ted after dinner speaker ,

much younger than Jason , once introduced him at the C entury Club in New York as a prince of o story tellers and his wn greatly feared rival . When Jason rose to respond he reli eved the doc ’ “ ’ tor s fears thus : Don t be a mite scared , Ben ; ’ ’ dog don t eat puppy in the class I ve travelled ” with . There must be a limit to the space that can b e “ n given to this quaint perso . Said he , I never seed y our grandmother consarned mad but j est ’ twice ; once when they was rowin about the bridge and arrested the old doctor and put him in j ail over at Woodstock ; and he sent a man

42 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE clear over from Woodstock to break it gently to ‘ ’ - his grass widder . And the man said , Don t be ’ askin for your husband , Mum , for they have

as j ailed the ol d fool in Woodstock , and far as I am concern ed I hope the old New Hampshire idiot ’ will stay there ; and the other time was when she got all ready for a big family funeral ’ cakes , mince pies , ham , calves head soups , etc . , and I myself had fetched the coffin stands up and h ‘ s e met me at the door , mad clear through ; Mr . ’ ‘ h e Dudley , says s , there will be no funeral ; the ’ corpse has rallied .

44 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF RE MEMBRANCE

heat , food , service , and such other comforts or f j oys as the house af orded , which included that imaginary stimulus to high thinking plain liv

— fi ing and the right to sit around the of ce stove .

Th e D rt o uth Hotel 1866 a m ,

as There were about eight residing guests , and many more came in from without for food . It is difficult now to find a country hotel so free from the tasteful , the dainty , the homelike . One would almost conclude that it was planned , fur nished and managed to drive its guests to homes DARTMOUTH B OOK OF REMEMBRANCE 45

own as of their . It w , however , slowly moving .

Steam heat had been introduced , which gave op p ortu nity to point with pride for at least a decade .

The building consisted of two great barracks , f the corner one of brick , the inner o wood , j oined in the middle and deeply recessed between . The office and the lobby were approximately where of are those the present Inn . The dining room was long and narrow and dark , with two windows Opening on the alley in the rear and two on the ever bleak recess between the two buildings . It

- had a blu e painted floor , chairs of the fashion “ ” - called kitchen , long three feet tables , and an of austere regimen . At the front the wooden building on the gr ound floor was a huge room called the store room . Here in earlier times was

Spread the alumni dinner , and sometimes it was a place f or entertainments . One summer when many young people were in town , Gilbert and Sullivan ’ s “ Patience ” was rehearsed and pre sented in it with the usual trials and triumphs of amateur performances , well worth while . Into the older half the steam heat had been introduced with huge painted radiators , flat and indented , which knocked and hammered like riveting ma chines and met emergencies so poorly , partly through lack of fuel — there was no parsimony about it but some one went to sleep when he — should have been firing u p that dwellers in that part of the h ouse were often fain to come and 4 6 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

sit by the old reliable air-tight where it was

warm .

H - The hall up stairs was a letter , the cross bar

running east and west . It was cut by a door and all but the western arm was unheated in the

W i nter . The rooms were spacious . There was no plumbing in the house . It was possible for to the guests keep clean , but not by getting into di om a tub . One can only hint at the seasonal s c

forts of summer and winter .

The proprietor , Horace , better known as ” of Hod , was silvery locks , soft speech , and

saintly a ppearance . I have no disposition to con trovert thos e who ascribe to him great power in

supervigorous language . There are too many

citations , though there is monotony in the quot

r on able ones . He tore down the p o ch the Main of Street side the house because , it is reported , those damned students made so much noise that

he coul d not sleep . He was ailing and his wife

suggested that D r . Frost should be summoned . “ “ Hod is Damn it , said , this no time to be send ’ f r I m s ick ing o a doctor . In his last illness ,

with failing breath he struggled for speech ; Mrs . “ Frary bent a kindly listening ear , Did you want $ ” “ to s ay something , Horace And You make ” that damned old pay his bill , were

his last words . These are the stories . However ,

i a s m b fire a This build ng w co pletely destroy ed y in J anu ry ,

1887 The w w b the . hotel hich succeeded it , built and o ned y ” C wa s a T he W a W ollege c lled eeloc , nd t e eeloc ome , h k h h k s w H I nn hat reconstructed is the present ano ver . DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 47 during two years of association with him I heard very few words from him , and none that were not not befitting a perfect gentleman . I did hear what he said when his peculiar and uncertain r o a temper had been aroused , o when he sto d co t

H The D rt outh otel fro N . rner r en l ter a , W . Co o f th e G e a m m ,

less and hatless in the coldest weather , at the tail of the meat cart bargaining for j oints to feed people who never stayed fed longer than over night .

Mr . Frary took the B os ton J ou rnal as others or took alcohol stimulating drugs . As he read it

he growled and muttered , grew violently excited , 48 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

and finally flung the paper as far as he could

across the room . No persuasion could induce him a to ch nge to a less irritating source of news . His behavior was far worse than that of the young miss of Black B ay,

Whos e conduct wa s very blas$ ; While yet in her teens She ref u ed por nd e n s k a b a s , A nd n h w o ce t re a Transcript away . $ es , he carved , very skilfully , in his shirt hi sleeves , and with s back towards the pensioners .

Knowing the legend , we watched furtively and anxiously to discover whether he did wipe either or his nose his knife on his vest . The verdict was ” not proven , but change your vest .

There was a clerk whose name was not Rufus , hard worked and reluctant . Perhaps the greatest sorrow of his life was having to sell s ix five-cent - f or s ee gars a quarter . Next to that was the grievance of letting anyone into the house after 1 0 p . m . But whatever Hod or the clerk whose name was not Rufus may have done or have be en in the stable , the lobby , or the street , the autocrat of the breakfast table and all the tables was Mrs . Frary , whose given but unused name wa s Amelia ; and she maintained her authority by consta nt presence , eagle vision , disconcertingly acute hear

- ing , a far carry ing voice that never missed , and a firm conviction that sh e was responsibl e not only f or ou r nutrition but also for our manners and morals . DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 4 9

Very tall and very spare and very straight and

- very angular , with a neat brown haired head covering about which there was no deception ( u n less there were two) curving from a broad part ing low to the ears , and with slippers always down h ffl at the heel , s e shu ed rhythmically from one end

A N eare r $ iew

rvis of the room to the other bearing food , su pe ing , warning , commanding , seldom comforting . Her thin face with its down -curving lines was al

. I f o a ways serious y u ventured to j est , an p preciative gleam would come into her eyes , and if she was in very amiable mood she would let it go without comment ; on less favorable days s he would repeat and dissect it in a loud clear flat 5 0 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF RE ME M BRAN OE

’ voice to the intense but suppressed delight of one dinln - every in the g room except the j oker .

George Eliot declares that a difference of taste r in j okes is a great st ain on the affections . The autocrat had her own taste . Did you especially obj ect to the flavor of sage y ou might hear her “ compelling voice , Give him plenty of the turkey

stuffing, Angelina . She nearly reduced a mother to tears by commenting loudly on the ineb riated condition in which the mother ’ s son came in the h o night b efore , and s e c ntinued the subj ect at on intervals for a week , though every e knew that a not while late the young man w s drunk . E arly one July morning a small new boarder came into F rar the house . This Mrs . v announced to the breakfasting boarders by th e rem-ark in her long “ range voice to relatives of the debutante , It was ’ $ ” rather frosty early this morning , wasn t it A stranger demanded a bath and his case was re “ $ ou ferred to Mrs . Frary and disposed of thus , ’ want a bath $ Didn t you see the river when y ou came up from the depot $ ”

And you were expected to eat what sh e allotted

to you . You asked for bread and she was likely

to shuffle over to you and inquire , always in the “ - far carrying voice , What ails the biscuit this $ morning I made them myself . Angelina said “ Pork chop , sausage , and meat and tater hash ,

and you expressed a preference for sausage , to “ hear , Guess you better have meat and tater hash ; ” n o sausage might ot suit y u . O r you heard , “ Hot coffee $ If he wants his coffee h ot he better

DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 53

m manner , although we co mon feeders were made to see distinctly that the real thing had come and that the tavern was now serving its highest “ ’ ends I m getting a long about as usual , j udge ; ” “ I hope your rheumatism is better . Will you ” “ or $ have meat pie rice pudding , doctor We fi h have some nice haddock s today , governor ; shall I bring you some $ ” all conveyed a fine sense of social equality weighted with appreciation of their temporary alimentary dependence . (We never were quite clear why it was always had ” dock fish that was offered , but the most pro b able theory is that the discrimination thus suggested was a delicate courtesy to Professor Haddock ’ s aged widow who was a distinguished and stately

- boarder . Her egg , by the way , wa s a well known feature of the breakfast , because , being deaf , she did not know that the tinkling as sh e stirred it in the glass was loud enough to obscure the chapel a o bell . She w s a go d sport , and when in the panicky time of the fire Mr . Henry Rood hastened to her rescue with the word that unless she hur ried it was uncertain whether she could get out , “ ’ she replied , Harry Rood , I ve never hurried in ’ ” my life , and I m not going to begin now , and fully dressed and composed she took his arm and marched through the smoke into safety . )

r But the gentler elements were mixed in M s .

Frary , and if one could penetrate to the great

an clean kitchen d find her , a prudent Penelope , sitting with the wea ry flat feet in an otherwise h vacant oven , while s e regulated the ma ids with 54 DARTMOUTH B OOK OF RE M E M BRA N OE

eye and voice , it might b e that any request even to cake or oysters in the evening would be granted . If , as sometimes happened , a genuine f liking for some boarding lady took hold o her , that one might even come into the kitchen and

or t make things , ha ve oa st at supper . She was a constant friend to the poor ; and impecunious

- boarders touched her sympathy , especially if the n bill was old and large . That baby born o the f r frosty summer morning fetched her , and o the only known time in two years she climbed the stairs all the way from the first to the second

floor to pay a visit and to s ee her have her bath .

The food materials were generally good . The e n r chef was about average Yankee , neither b st o o s en w rst . Option in food were not much o r c u aged . There were certain memorable fixtures on fish Friday , baked beans and brown bread

Saturday night , fish cakes Sunday morning , oyster soup and chicken or turkey Sunday n oon , of all course . And there were some immutable nd grievances . Some people love sage a some hate it ; but it was a constant and abundant constituent of that part of fowls which is s o generously ou t given in hotels and boarding houses , the of stuffing . There is a humane invention the

a - clever chemist known s baking powder , in which the gas -giving compounds are shrewdly mixed to baffle culinary recklessness . B efore its day , when the neat-handed Phyllis or the stu rdy Mary Ann came in from the afternoon out and rushed to stir “ ” f or of up soda biscuit supper , she made su re DARTMOUTH BOOK OF RE ME M BRA NGE 5 5

s d l d era‘ tus at least twice the necessary , with to grievous offense sight and taste in the product .

Yeast was strictly domestic in those days . Like the fire of the Vestal Virgins the home-made sup u t ply was never allowed to get o . O r perhaps a lump of dough was carried over from one rising to the next . Thus besides the proper alcoholic “ ferment much wild yeast was propagated to make acetic acid and lactic acid and other a cids , and the bread was almost always sour . So no gift more precious could b e borne to anyone con demned to the hotel dietary than a loaf of genuine

- a home made bread . It w s an occasion for gloat ing . Many such gifts were made and remembered to the present day .

I am permitted to record some of the ex ’ ri n e Mc lar 4 pe e c s and recollections of N . A . C y 8 , who boarded at the Frary tabl e for eight years and roomed in the house for two .

s a I have heard Mr . Duncan y that in his younger days Mr . Frary was a very interesting and attractive man . He had been a shoemaker r before he became a hotel keeper . He was e markably well -read and knew Shakespeare as few o men know him . Mr . Frary often had a v lume of Shakespeare open before him as he worked at his bench and could repeat from memory long passages . D r . Oliver Wendell Holmes , when he a was professor in the Medical School , knew Mr .

Frary well and greatly enj oyed his society . Mr .

Duncan said that he frequently found D r . Holmes ’ r r sitting in Mr . F a y s shop , the two discussing 5 6 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

Shakespeare while Mr . Frary pegged away at his work . “ I remember one day when Mr . Frary was at a i the desk , s infrequently happened , a young m nc

ing sort of man , whom I guessed to b e a New ‘ Yorker , floated into the office with , Can I have $ ’ my shoes shined Mr . Frary leered at him but

did not answer . H e repeated his question rather

insistently when Mr . Frary indicating the little corner enclosure where the washstand was lo ‘ ’ cated said , There s the blacking ; shine them yourself ’ The New Yorker inspected the hard worn -ou t brush and the empty blacking b ox and coming out with the brush in hand ventured the ‘ ’ inquiry , Where can I find some blacking $ Then ‘ $ ’ the bolt fell . You damned fool There s black ing enough on that brush now to shine a hundred ’ pairs of shoes . I think that the incident was rather characteristic of his attitude towards guests .

( Yes , and of the employes . After any little congestion of business there was a tendency to speed the parting guests very quickly and then a give thanks . It might almost be s id they were

ready with the swift kick ) . “ My personal relations with Mr . Frary were out rather friendly . I kept of his way pretty ’ well . But one night Billy Reding s dog followed

me in and upstairs . Mr . Frary happened to be m passing through the hall and saw us . He im e diately let loose a torrent of profanity and abuse o and ended by ordering me u t of the house . I

5 8 DARTMOUTH B OOK OF REMEMBRANCE

o was not able to get in a single word . But as s on r as he had disappeared M s . Frary came out of her o r om and asked me not to go and not to mind it . She then made the only derogatory rema rk that ‘ I ever heard from her concerning him , If you knew what I have to stand from him y ou would ’ think this nothing . He had grown very sour and of irritable towards the latter part his life . The f or students , sensing this , made life miserable

him , often shouting in a chorus as they passed his ‘ ’ windows , 0, Hod $ and other inane calls . I was on told that he had the veranda , originally built

the Main Street front , removed because the boys had the habit of stopping there as they passed and f or dancing clogs his benefit . “

I have been told that Mr . Duncan once de Mr fended . Fra ry in a lawsuit and that the latter in the fullness of his gratitude had impetuously told him that he would board him for the rest of hi s . on life Be that as it may Mr . Duncan held

for a long time and Mr . Frary got tired of the

arrangement , although it was clear that he a d

mired his star boarder . Du ring his last illness of he was delirious a part the time . One day Mr . Mr s . Duncan went in to see him . Frary bent ‘ over the bed and said , Horace , this is Mr . Duncan

come to see you ; you know you r friend , Mr . Dun ’ ‘ $ can . Know him Damn him ; I should s ay that ’ I do know him $ He hasn t paid a cent of board 2 ” for 0 years . ( It will be noticed that this is another form of the legend already cited )

60 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

Daniel Webster and many other notables in her a own home . She had much to s y about her brother Richard B . Kimball . She loved to tell about the courtship of her niece by Levi P . o Morton , and how when he first came t Hanover in charge of a branch men ’ s furnishing goods store the faculty people would have nothing to do ‘ ’ with him socially . And s ee where he is now $ at that time millionaire banker and Minister to

France .

’ ( Mrs . Haddock s conversation was often of the nature of a monologue and frequently superposed n irrelevantly upon other talk . If o e wished real convers ation with her it was necessary to sit close and hurl winged words into a large ear trumpet . )

of Mr . Duncan was emphatically the autocrat r ou table . He would rais e his voice slightly , as o Mrs . Haddock was quite deaf , s I got much of the conversation even before by gradual promo tion , seat by seat , I reached an eminent p osition ’ M r at Mr . Duncan s left hand and Opposite s . Had dock . He was the best conversationalist I ever ” n liste ed to . All his long life ( Mr . Duncan died 1 “ in 883 in his 7 6th year . ) he had been a careful of f student books and o men , to the neglect per haps of his profession . His enunciation was slow and musical , his language perfect , some might think it almost stilted , never a suggestion of ‘ ’ slang , no young words as Professor Parker used to call them , a nd the matter was always interest ing . I have always felt that those table talks h e wit Mr . Duncan , running as th y did through

62 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF RE ME M BRA N OE

several years , were a very important part of my ” education . 1 1 Asa W . Waters of the class of 87 permits me to Offer his evidence that in 1 87 0 Squire Duncan was not lacking in professional adroitness . This is not inconsistent with the traditions of his later years . “ Mr . Frary raved loudly and continuously , and said ‘ cuss words ’ over the state liquor prohibitory or e legislation , threatened legislation , which he b li eve d was an encroachment on personal liberty , and unconstitutional , and he sought frequent legal advice from Squire Duncan . Mr . Frary had a small ro om for an office at the front entrance to - the dining room , and when the wide door to the latter was Open we could h ear conversations in this little room who s e door was always open and

M . r Frary never lowered his voice , and I give a conversation that I thus overheard , and which has ” for some reason lodged in my memory ever since .

( Mr . Frary ) Squire Duncan , this being the beginning of a new year ( 1 87 0) I have made out your bill for board f or the past year ; may I hand it to you $ ”

( Squire Duncan ) Certainly , Mr . Frary ; how ” much is it $ “ Fifty-two weeks at fou r dollars per we ek I ” calculate is $2 08 am I right $ “ e Perfectly , Mr . Frary . Will you let m take the bill , over to my office , for I think I have some ” charges against you , Mr . Frary , for legal advice . “ ” All right , Squi re Duncan . DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 63

f Our curiosity was satisfied , or we overheard “ the final settlement . I find , Mr . Frary , that I have charges against you on my books , totaling

h Why , Squire Duncan , I did not t ink I owed -fi you s o much as that . What is the tw enty ve cents for $ ” “ D o y ou not remember that I acknowledged a f or o $ t deed y u I canno help , Mr . Frary , but think from your manner that y ou feel that I have charged more than you expected , but there was much legal effort and research neces sary to give sound legal opinions upon the constitutional ques tions you submitted to me ; but I do not wish you to think you are overcharged , and if you will re c i t e p in full payment your bill against me , I will ” do the same with mine against you . “ ” All right , Squire Duncan . I $

THE OLD CHAPEL When morning prayers took flight from the Old Chapel in Old Dartmouth Hall to the new and traditionless Rollins Chapel the College passed the of dividing line between two phases . One the many N ew Dartmouths began to displace an antiquated and , in many respects , pernicious old one . The simple college of fifty years ago remains in the memory of many of us in vivid contrast f with the huge complex organism o today . The units themselves educational , administrative ,

financial , athletic , artistic , social are subdivided of and slow and unequal development . Compari s on is valid ; criticism is not fairly based on the

standards of today . My reference is to effects on the mater i al of operation and production — the undergradua tes without which the college would be futile ; and especially to influences upon their disposition , manners , and customs , because these make the daily life of the college and largely determine the of later graduate relations the same men . In the evolutionary process colleges in similar o c nditions have reached ab out the same stages , but if we looked the country over we should find much diversity in conditions and maturity of de v lo ment e p . DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 65

I suppose that every college has its period , long ’

r . o short , of mischief for mischief s sake The

Th e Co rp us D elic ti

monkey stage is never completely outgrown , but the mischief incidental to some scheme or excit ing occasion is quite different from that d one without the occasion . Lawless collection of ma 66 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE teria ls for a celebrating bonfire and h eaping of all the gates in the middle of the Green , over throwing someone ’ s fence in a rush and painting a dignifi ed statue red , resisting stupid or b rutal

- police force and horning a professor , house break ing for the sake of a trophy and changing the sign boards on the highway differ very much in a the impulse th t causes the one or the other . We shall always have th e misdeeds of excitement ; de liberate invention and perpetration of mischief have n early died out from the more advanced colleges .

( The only serious instance we have with us at

I n i present i s r i ngi ng a false fire alarm , a m s de meanor s o inconsiderate in trifling with a com

’ mu nity s protection against great disaster that it can be done only by those without training for social life and of limited intelligence . ) In this respect a few years have made great changes . And the chief causes of the changes — are obvious the spirit of the times : no longer is the perpetration of a malicious trick the obj ect of admiration within or without the college walls ; the development of organized athletics : the husky lad aching for adventure is no longer compelled to steal the bell tongues or to steer a cow into a recitation room in order to demonstrate his prowess , in fact he is considered foolish and dis loyal if he wastes his power in such a manner ; different relations with the faculty : though no more kindly at heart , they have come down to a more companionable and comprehensible level ;

68 DARTMOUTH B OOK OF REMEMBRANCE

a m far better discipline , because less , and d in

istered by experts , kindly , j ustly , reluctantly ; and too many other interesting things in the busy life

of the college .

As an important lo cal factor , the Old Chapel ,

with its accumulated barbarities , disappeared from the daily life of the College in the autumn a of 1 885 , though its influence lingered until as l te

as 1 89 7 , when senior rhetoricals were given up . The room was shaped like a well -proportioned

packing case . The interior might be described as

- wholly nave ish . It was entered by two doors on e on the w st . The entering multitude passed the right and on the left of a ra ised platform sup

porting a pulpit and seats for the faculty , and when the hustle was over found itself seated

seniors and j uniors in front , backed respectively e by Sophomores and freshm n . Opposite the plat a f form , therefore t the east end o the room , was low a gallery for organ and choir . Galleries also

ran along the sides , so high that their occupants , d the Chandlers and Aggies could , if they wishe ,

play cards or match p ennies without observation . The seats were long benches neatly grained and

- incised by the j ack knives of many generations . There was no more beauty or grace in the room

than in the bl eachers now on the oval . It was

cold in winter , and at times s o filled with smoke that the chorus of exaggerated coughs often oh e literated the gosp l . The atmosphere , fragrant with the prayers of good men , was also saturated h m b wit the icro es of deviltry . At this time and DARTMOUTH BOOK OF RE ME MBRANGE 69

for many years after , the permanent members of the faculty took turns in officiating when f or any reason the president was not th ere . This custom was well appreciated by the obj ects of ’ ef prayer , and the attention to a novice s maiden fort was almost paralyzing . As the chapel and the church were the only as s embly rooms in the village ( though on a grand enough occasion seats were placed in the gym nas ium) the proper , or at least the lawful , doings here would have fitted out a good variety show : — of . h o brilliant lectures , as D r John Lord w well “ $ I recall the high nasal , O transcendental Car lyle $” and the clog dance which he apparently carried on back of the pulpit as his periods grew more and more dynamic and senior rhetoricals ; singing school and Daniel Pratt ; college mass meetings and proj ections with the calcium light .

The Chapel music was in charge of an organist and a chorister from the nearly defunct Handel wh o Society . ( Possibly some read this may b e ’ Hi induced to turn to Professor J . K . Lord s s tory and read there of this ancient and most honorable organization . It is a genuine l oss to the College that one of the most n otable and successful musical organizations in New England should have been allowed to lapse and should have been replaced later by the glee club only , with its j olly f but trivial music . In the present awakening o the colleges to higher musical ambitions it might be possible to restore the name and purpose of the Handel Society , though it would hardly be T h e R e gion o f Harm onious S trains DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 7 1

possible to recover its early prestige . ) At this time the society elected three or four members from each class , held occasional meetings , and wa A e i s s listed in the g , but its only publicity was in the chapel service maintained by the meagerly salaried chorister and organist . This relation to college affairs continued f or many years with less and less discrimination in elec tions . The last stage was the election of a group of good fellows who could stand a 2 5 -cents initia

“ ” ’ tion fee , and a choral march to Lige Carter s where the 2 5 cents ea ch was expended in peanuts and accessories . Along in the eighties the faculty appointed Professor Charles F . Richardson and the writer a committee to strive for its reanima

w a . tion . But there s no life in it Ancient repu tation could make no stand against modern condi tions . The difficulty about discarding good old things is to know which are finished forever and which will be required again .

h az My memory is a little v, but I think that in our freshman fall the organ was a melodeon ” with the heaves , and a used organ was installed during the year . This organ was a mark for all the kinds of pranks that could be perform ed with or upon an organ , the most effective being to eal wedge open a high s qu y pipe so that , when the air was turned in , a continuous and pervasive wail came forth until the air was gone . It was “ ” indeed an ungodly kist of whistles . Organists of cunning learned to give the organ a cautious trial in advance , and many mornings the choir 7 2 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF RE ME M BRA N OE sang without any organ because it had been mis guided into freakish ways . The chorister had his trials too ; he was paid to have a choir there , but no choir was paid to be there . At least one faith t ful chorister , deser ed by his choir , carried through the whole hymn alone , much to his credit o and to the $ y of the au dience . It was always a dem onstrative audience and surprisingly sensitive to any little misadventure in the music .

We , the commoners , as contrasted with the

dwindling aristocracy of the Handel Society , had

no hymn books in those days , and our only help ful contribution to the service was a sort of hum

ming obligato when the tune was familiar . It may be that earlier the Comp leat Ps almis t

brought up from the Indian school at Lebanon , Watts and elect C onnecticut , or S was in the ’ students hands . History does not tell . It might ’ ha ve occurred to some one that th e animals at tention could have been engaged a least tempo r ri e a ly by letting them roar . The little A gis is

moved to put forth an editorial on the subj ect , in 1 1 “ the spring of 87 , which concludes , We ask not now a mo dern chapel ; we as k not voluntary at tendance ; we as k not to have it warmed in winter ; we ask not even easy seats ; we do ask

- - hymn books . Give , O give us hymn books . Among the pleasant customs of the place was “ ” is that of noticing , featuring , celebrities , that to say college notorieties . The students faced the doors of entrance and as men came in who by reason of some action ( not meritorious ) were in DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 7 3

the public eye , although they might be unaware “ - of it , they were greeted by well graduated wood

” - ing up , sometimes gentle and significant , some - u n times tempestuous and dust raising , always desired . One morning during the suspense period of a faculty investigation involving a considerable number of men , the hymn accidentally selected for “ the day had for a refrain Lord , here am I , send ” a me ; send me , which was received with j oyful p preciation .

Here Daniel Pratt , the Great American

- Traveler , delivered those famous lectures of “ which I remember only the titles , The Inventive ,

‘ ” Pow r f Invisible Propelling e o all Valuables , and “ ” The Vocabulary Laboratory . Daniel was that for which the people have invented so many synonymous terms , he was cracked , nutty , bughouse ; he had a partial vacuum under his hat ; or in really el egant language , he was troubled w flitter- i ith mice in the campan le . I do not know whether any one ever had the curiosity to trace him to a relation with the rest of the world . He appeared ; h e lectured ; he gathered the cash ; he

off . o made And that is all we knew f him . He was a primitive form of the modern smoke

- talker . Under guard and escort of a self c hosen committee h e was brought to the chapel stage where he was received with thunderous applause . After a serio -grotesqu e introduction he started “ ” on his lecture which was a swirl of incoherent verbiage . It soon wearied an audience little inured at that time to lectures , and the senior 74 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE president would interrupt with the suggestion that it would be wise to take up the collection b e

a fore the audience began to fade wav. After the

The G re at A meri c an Travel e r collection Daniel was nominated President of the United States with applause comparable only to that of a national convention . Then it was whispered that the faculty were on the way and w that he ould better beat it . Beat it he did , some

7 6 DARTMOUTH B OOK OF REMEMBRANCE

Woe to the halting forgetter of lines $ As a typi cal ordeal f or public speakers it was most com mendable , and if generally applied would have f saved the world eons o dreary deliverances . The man who had something to s ay and said it quickly n and audibly could have a hearing , a d who else n $ h deserves o e In fact , any one w o could hold that crowd for twelve minutes could preach a sermon in a boiler factory to an intoxicated gang of cannibals who knew no English . Although it lacked d ecorum as a. college exercise , it dragged on long after the chapel was a bandoned for re li io g us uses , but was finally discontinued as too demoralizing to the College and too ex hausting to fi the presiding of cer .

The chapel was a convenient exchange for the “ ” products of the D arkmouth Press — class re criminations , grinds , protests against some ut teranc D artmou th A e is e of the , or the g , or some faculty action and casual leaflets were often to be found scattered over the seats . It was , of o c urse , the duty of the j anitor to intercept or to collect all such literatu re , but he was only one and no e t a college graduate at that, and the nam of his adversari es was Legion . After I had been on the faculty a year or two a variation of this custom aroused my interest and my curiosity , which had to wait some thi rty years for s atisf ac tion . When the College was all assembled , the bell had ceased ringing, and the President had risen to conduct the service , suddenly a hugh sheet of paper loosened itself from the wall b ack of the DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 7 7

O a faculty , gently pened and unrolled displaying bitter attack upon one of the classes present by or another . F a period great noise prevailed , but n after it ceased the service went o . It was espe f r com cially trying o the President , as he was p elled to go through the service with out any in knowledge of the attraction behind him . The geniou s inventor told me all about it many years after he had secured an irrevocable diploma . From time to time other Obj ects were dis covered in the chapel which were not in harmony with devotional serenity , a skeleton from the

Medical School , a real donkey , an anticipatory cradle . Among the methods employed by consecutive classes to show distaste f or one another was that “ ” a known as greasing the seats , sme ring the benches with some viscid non -volatile substance which disqualified them for their proper use ; mo lasses or soft soap would answer the purp ose very well though rather too easily removable with water . I do not know that any one was ever b e i guiled into sitting down in the mess , and it s difficult to understand now why this form of af wa o front s taken s seriously , since it gave the victims freedom from chapel until the sea ts were purified . The typical case , of course , was treat of ment the freshman seats , but one morning the — Juniors my own class — were thus evicted from their devotions . Outrage unspeakable $ An idiot with initiative always has followers . He “ h -“ t at unknown idiot yelled , Over into the 78 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

Sophomore seats , and the whole class trailed s o t after him like many par icularly foolish sheep . What could be more absurd $ Why should Juniors

The W ily Fac ulty M a n ever wish to revert to the haunts of Sophomores ; and especially when they could go ou t and sit on the grass and lose one chapel $ This business t o called for blood , and men were already coming DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 7 9 grips for a row which would have been memorable in the history of the College when suddenly a presence appeared among them . It happened that chapel that morning was in charge of a lovable gentleman with a keen eye and unquestioned re ” serve force . Stop , he thundered ; and they “ ” o out stopped . G , he ordered the invaders ; and — they went past th e ranks of seniors who stood e r d not on their seats and j e e . I do know whether any other member of the faculty could have

o brought ff this harmless conclusion , but

Charley Young , later known to Princeton “ ” a students s Twinkle did , and of course we liked him all the better .

On o ccasions frequent enough to establish a

to custom the Seniors and Juniors , entitled prec edenc e, remained in their seats at the close of the brief services , while the lower classes rushed past them . The whisper had gone around that a cane in Freshman hands challenged the Sophomores to die for the right j ust outside the front doors . But it had been tried before and usually the Voice of

off in Authority walked with the cane . Only the j udicious really grieved ; f or there were great ih conveniences in unprepared clothes and unsecured text books .

One more custom which I will mention was on firmly fastened the Old Chapel , the college

- alwa s mass meetings . I have v supposed that they an were unauthorized . In y case when business was to be transacted in convention of the whole college , the president of the senior class called a 80 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE mass -meeting commonly by notices passed around

during the services , and , as much as possible , men were prevented from going out at their con e c lusion . All classes had re itations immediately th after chapel , and e meetings used up a large part and frequently the whole of the recitation hou r . I can imagine the annoyance to the mem bers of the faculty as they s at waiting f or their classes to appear . From the stu dent standpoint this was regarded as an ancient right . It lasted many years after this time , but before the chapel was abandoned I think permission to hold such i for a meeting was requ red , and granted only s substantial reason . It would be an exaggeration to claim that the f matters here mentioned were o daily occurrence , but I think it is a moderate statement that at this period no student could go through college with out an of experience them all . And they meant much more in the life of the coll ege than the bare incident . When in the fall of 1 885 the regular chap el r se vices were transferred to the new chapel , the well -planned gift of E dward Ashton Rollins of f 1 the class o 8 5 1 , a huge load of hindering cus toms and precedents was taken out of the way automatically , without discussion or question , and the forward movement of the College quickened and lightened .

$ THE BURYING GROUND

I yesterday passed a whole afternoon in th e church yard , the cloisters and the church , amus ing myself with the tombstones and inscriptions that I met with in thes e s everal regions of the

t i dead . Most of them recorded no h ng else of the buried person but that he was born upon one day and died upon another ; the whole history of his life being comprehend ed in these two circum stances that are common to all mankind .

an one Should y , surprised , inquire by what chance one whose life has been submerged in ” dangerous practical studies knows of Joseph ’ Addison s meditations upon Westminster Abbey , the answer is ready a lon esome country college a half century ago , the absence of those seductive or electives in Economics , or B iology , or Music , Art which lure students from their well -earned er n lit sports , a ponderous p s o a v who roared good literature at us with the inward gentleness of the sucking dove , an d a noble liberality of the United Fraternity and the Social Fri ends in the circula tion of their books . It is to be held in memory that the settlement of the town began five years earlier than the estab lis hment of e the Colleg , and homestea ds were taken in a broken line around from the north west corner to the Center , that the oldest place of ( 82 )

84 DARTMOUTH B OOK or REMEMBRANCE

closely as they did on the receding Indians they met recurrent waves of savagery with indomit

able courage . Their quality as pioneers in a new territory was n ever surpassed unless by the M ay

’ lower s not f company . They were seeking homes , gold nor adventure ; and — sure sign of worth

they brought along their wives and children . In 1 2 Hanover in 7 67 , in a population of 9 there were

2 6 heads of families and 1 1 unmarried men . A s a matter of cou rse they brought along the church - o n and the town meeting . For Hanover the t w government was s et up before they took poss es e sion . They w re progressives looking for larger liberty in the minor details of life than they had ’ at home . Wheelock s safe conduct to D r . C rane f or Sunday travel , when he sent him in a hurry c a to C onne ticut to del y Mrs . Wheelock and the

Indian School , is evidence , and , in a more piquant th way , e exclamations of the early Canaan settler , “ ’ I don t want to stay any longer in a place where ’ ” not n I m allowed to kiss my wife o Sunda y , and “ ’ — - worse yet We ll build a home up there ’ ‘ ’ where taint unlawful f or a man to say damn it ” e if he is strongly tempt d . If they were at times contumacious and obstinate it was with legal and not physical h n methods . They a d no telephones or daily pap ers nor moving pictures to occupy their at o of tention . It is possible t argue that they were splendidly rugged bodies or they could not have

endured the conditions of life as long as they did , or that they died untimely deaths from hardships DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 85

and lack of care . The headstones tell too many f “ tales of death by consumption , and o infant sons , young wives , and men under fifty . ’ Wheelock s acre now augmented on the north , is entered through Sanborn Lane between Robin s on and Tuck Halls ; and in all New England there can be no similar parcel of ground divided

The Old $ alley from the Northe ast by a narrower boundary from perpetual youth and boundless vitality . From every human hope and eager forelook a step carries to the calm and i b e comp leteness of the past . Without s work to done , responsibility without limit to b e taken on , the highest service to be performed ; within is the story or the hint of work well done , burdens on borne , service finished . Only once can e ex ’ perience in full the new comer s pleasant shock of surprise as he comes from the paraphernalia of 86 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

life , ugly but some think convenient dusty streets , black sidewalks , poles where trees should

- — to ot be , ill smelling engines , and the rest a sp romon made s o beautiful by nature , the two p tories , the three ravines carved out by the water a rushing to the s e , the ancient pines , the wild

flowers in their season , and the whol e carefully

a tended , but not marred , by perpetual c re .

It is a place of historic inspiration and of af f ti n t e ec o a e memories . Of the eight deceased pr si f dents o the College six are buried here . Dana f and Tyler removed after their terms of of ice , and their graves are elsewhere . The bodies of about forty members of the faculty we re placed here o and those of many friendly villagers . After f ur

h . years t e students scatter to the ends of the earth , and if all of the living thousands did not love all their teachers equally , it must b e that ma ny af f ectionate thoughts go back to Sanborn and Noyes and Proctor and Patterson and Young and Frost and William Smith and Richardson and Wells and h Updyke , and indeed to all t e rest , from men who remember them yet . Families have grown up here in happy homes , and from the need of larger opportunities have gone over the land and across r the seas , but they never fo get , and in due s eason return to b ear to this beautiful place of rest those a who made the homes . How far re ching this re lation is may be imagined , since of the fourteen members of the academic faculty of my time I , the

or writer , know descendants , in the first second

of generation , ten , and I am not aware that the DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 87 others left issu e ; and a similar statement could be made for the scientific and medical faculties . The roll of burials numbers about 1 2 00 f or the 1 5 0years ; but this is certainly less than the actual e 1 9 12 number . The r cord was made up in from the tombstones ; some inscriptions were obliter ated ; there were nameless graves ; and a few names since have failed to be added to the list . The center of greatest interest is a rod or two of west the eastern boundary of the older acre , of for here the forefathers the hamlet sleep . The s honor of coming fir t b elongs to the Rev . John

t e 0 1 1 . Mal by , who died S ptember 3 , 7 7 He was the s on of Mrs . Sarah Maltby who b ecame ’ Wheelock s second wife , and was held by f atherl afl ection Wheelock in v . Had he lived he might have been the second president of the Col lege . The ins cription follows

’ Here refts y e Body of y e Rev d

Mr . John Maltby born at New Haven in Connectic

A u ft : e 1 gu y A D 7 2 7 , Graduated at Yal e College AD 1 7 47 Minifter to a Presbyterean Church at B ermuda Then at wilton in South Car r e olina . A strenuous afs e tor of y ’ Doctrin es of Grace Convinc d of O riginal Guilt Confid irng in y 8 Sole Righteou snef s of u ftife Christ . J , Loft Man , 88 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF RE MEMBRANCE

before God , In Preaching ,

$ ealous Pathetic , in his

Devotions fervent , his Serm on s Judicious Correct I nftr u ctive : his ftile Manly

Solemn , of Manners gentle P°lite h umone of strong

Mentel Endowments . embe llifh ’ d with Sacred Polite i rot re L te u . In his Friendship Co rdial sincere truly D etefting C raft D if s imulatino

$ th Fraud , he died Sept 3 0 A 1 1 A E ta 4 ( D . 7 7 ) t 5

From the apparent accuracy of detail we may guess that it was drafted by Pres . Wheelock , but the archaic form and blundering workmans hip may be ascribed to a local artist whos e improving hand is recognizab le in others of the early head o ston es . This , a horiz ntal slab , is dark and rusty , poorly weathered ; a littl e of the inscription has broken away , and more will yield to a slight pres

sure . The early stones are plain slabs , quarried f or r r o in east Lebanon the first thi ty yea s or s , - or of a poor quality of iron bearing slate s chist ,

stratified , and easily breaking up along the plains

of cleavage . They are commonly finished only on one side and with a trefoil outline at the upper

edge . Similar stones a re found in neighboring f burying grounds o about the same period . Many of the inscriptions upon these stones in the grave at yard Hanover Center are wholly l ost . Fol

9 0 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

lowing the slate period , stones of a quality of o f or a soap stone , quarried in Verm nt , were used w time . Marbl e of a coarse variety , like ise from c 1 00 Vermont , omes into common use after 8 , and the inscriptions in some cases are very well made and clear . B eyond the distinguished tombs of President Wheelock and his compa nions the simple slabs for headstones were held to be enough in the early days . Monuments are of

‘ a much later d te . Nearly all the later stones are of granite of many varieties and sou rces , some of e o ne them very b autiful in their p lish . As o views the ponderous parallelopipedon resting over the remains of Asa Crosby one does not wonder at the frank belief of Jason Dudley that he would h e be a little late to t resurrection . And others whose es catology involves the literal uprising of f or the material body have reason a like anxiety . ’ Next to Mal'tby s tomb are those of Eleazar

Wheelock and his wife , and nearby those of John d f Wheelock and Bezaleel Woo ward . All are o a ’ simila r general style to Maltby s with horizontal slabs , but of later date , and much b etter finish . ’ Wheelock s is often quoted , but may not for that reason b e omitted in Latin and English Here rests the body of E LEAzAR L WHEE OCK , S . T . D .

Founder , and first president of

a D rtmouth College , and

9 2 DARTMOUTH B OOK OF REME MBRANCE

he boli e, label of the sh elf in t catacombs In ” “ ” m pace , locus Petri , dor it or the palm n branch , was not enough . The legends o these stones are pious if the deceased is the s peaker , of laudatory if the testimony another , and very rarely expressions of grief . The headstone at the f grave o you ng Mrs . Tilden is an example of several of the cha racteristics of thes e early Han over inscriptions ,

of r s A chfah In memory M . wife of Mr Joseph Tilden wh o died Dec 3 0th 1 7 7 6 in her 2 8th Year Remember F rinds as you Paf s by as y ou be now fo once was I as I be now s o f mu t you be , Prepare For death Follow me

’ ” Student s Row discloses an amiable fraternal h custom of the late 1 8t and early 1 9 th centuries , the setting of memorial stones by o rganizations of a the College . Three were pl ced by the United

Fraternity , three b y the Social Friends , and two by the Theological Society . The earliest dated stone is to John Merrill , a freshman who died in

17 9 7 , a nd the list closed , perhaps f or lack of ma ri l 1 te a , with memorials to two freshmen in 183 on o o e erected , e by the The logical Society and n th t by e Social Friends . It is quite a ax upon the imagination to reproduce a freshma n worthy of m a onument by any Theological Soci ety . This one h as no date but is prob ably - prior to 1 800 . DARTMOUTH BOOK OF RE ME MBRANOE 9 3

e Here lie y remains of Mr . Levi Washb ou rn of New B raintree Late a Member of y e Sch ool in this Place who died by a short and Violent Disease aged 1 8

Years 5 m onths . Here Youth and beauty lose their grace In this reclas e and gloomy Place Till y e angelic trum p et sound to wake this saint from under Ground

Our young brothers of a century ago were not indifferent to the claims of fashion , and the rn frate al slabs much resemble one another . The prevailing mode seems to have been , first a motto of or or text in Latin , then the statement facts , theme , followed by four to six original verses , f which might be styled improvement o the theme . This to Junior Spaulding is a perfect type

ta rt r Omnium ae tum ce um est te minus . Consecrated by the United Fraternity to the memory of Oliver Spaulding drowned in the Connecticut River 1 th A . D . 8 07 , July 2 9 With social affection and virtuous mind E xalted by genius , by science refined , 94 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

Our Spaulding in rare combination did blend h t . The man , e philosopher , poet and friend

And thes e are the verses inscribed up on the gravestone of S enior Simonds whose death took place in 1 801

Th e F orefathers of the Hamlet S leep

r Science , Religion in ou Simonds shone And all the manly virtues were his own With anguished hearts we mourn his early doom f ’ hi And pay af ection s tribute at s tomb . Unfortunately the verses in other cases are

or i i il nearly quite illeg ble , but it s obvious that literacy in these inscriptions was not at this

period inevitable , though it might have been held

excusable . 1 00 Artemas Cook , a sophomore , died August , 8 , DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 9 5 and his gravestone renewed in 1 8 59 by a s u rviv ing college mate bears the following legend : Sons of Dartmouth $ Your brother had quickness of app rehans ion

and aptness to teach . with the wages of teaching he bought instruction Of the many noble women buried here the names of four have become peculiarly wrought — into the history of Hanover Mary Maynard Hitchcock in whose memory the Hospital was h established , Emily Howe Hitchcock w o founded and endowed the Howe Library , Theodosia Stock t bridge , whose name is given to the S ockbridge

Association for Boys , and of whom one of her “ r ou r fo mer boys declared , No woman in village ” nd ever exerted a like influence for good , a

Christie Warden , an estimable young woman , whose name is associated with one of the most dramatic tragedies in New England . The curiosity aroused by reading from a simple slab : Here lies the mortal wreck of SALL$ D UGET In the midst of society she lived alone beneath the mockery of cheerfulness she had deep woes in the ruins of her intellect the kindness of her hart survived Sh e perished in the snow 2 1 . 6 5 in the night of Feb , 8 4 9 6 DARTMOUTH B OOK OF REMEMBRANCE is satisfied in a letter to The D artmou th A dver tis er and Literar G az ette y , dated March 1 , 1 854 , and published in the April number . The letter is b . R . signed , J , without dou t the Rev . John Rich of ards , then minister the College Church . Sally ’ D u et s g mother , born Hannah Rogers , was p ro cured from Conn ecticut by Eleazar Wheelock to superintend Commons Hall . Sally , bright and

A $ iew in th e M od ern S ec ti on

e well ducated for the time , at the age of twenty five met with a misfortune which unsettled her h reason . For the last thirty years s e lived the life of a hermit in a hut on Corey Hill . The epitaph placed on the stone was suggested by J .

R . in his letter .

Of course here , as in all similar places since men put away their dead , the imagination finds r ample scope f o human interest . It is believed that evidence is here of hard conditions and lack DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 9 7

not of sanitary knowledge . I do know that we can tell from these records alone . Twenty per — — cent of the ins criptions about 2 4 0 are for children under 1 2 ; but the records of the last decade of the Town of Hanover show the same proportion . More careful scrutiny shows that in the careful later records almost exactly half are

- of nonviable , still born , children , of which there as is little evidence on the stones . Nearly twice many children who drew breath are buried here , 1 ‘ 1 1 proportionately . From 7 9 8 to 8 3 inclusive are

8 recorded burials , not more than one in any year ; 1 1 4 1 1 -1 in 8 4 there are and in 8 5 6 , and in the next two years one each . These and similar groupings suggest , but do not prove , some childish

. 1 epidemic There is one family group of 7 , and 1 1 4 4 or of the 7 , were 2 younger . Stones mark of of the graves three children Rev . John Smith ,

of f 2 o Professor Languages , a daughter o 3 , tw of 2 8 8 sons and 1 , all victims of consumption . e o We cannot charg these go d people with neglect , but they may have had too much faith in “ the mysterious dispensations of Providence .

There are evidences to o of tough and enduring

fiber . Eight members of the Flint family are grouped together whose average age was 60 years ; and the s even occupants of the Bridgman b 0 lot reached a total of a out 5 0 years . The section of the cemetery entered by the lane which passes the Chandler Building , the Hubbard

- House , and an unsightly ravine head west of 9 8 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF RE M E M BRAN GE

North Massachusetts is in its use about a century ’ later than Wheelock s acre . To the antiquary it

is much less interesting , but it is the resting place f or the bodies of many who are still held in loving

memory by the living . It was at one time con nected with the older section by a footbridge which spanned the deep ravine and terminated

near the little fountain . The bridge became un r r safe and was removed , and funds for its esto a

tion , unfortunately , have never been avail able . n At the time of writing , exact records of th e a nexation of the later addition and of the building of and demolition the bridge have not been found . u s The addition was b rought into e about 1 87 6 , 1 2 and the b ridge was built in 88 , according to the

best information attainable .

1 00 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF RE MEMBRANCE

Lord ’ s citations from the college records and other sources . And these citations are matched from the experience of other institutions during the same and even a later period . Strachey , writ ing of Eton at the time when Arnold became 1 2 Head Master of Rugby , 8 8 , says its government was a “ system of anarchy tempered by despot ” e in ism . B ut there were times wh n even that ’ domitable will ( Keate s ) was overwhelmed by the r flood of lawlessness . Every Sunday afte noon he attempted to read sermons to the whole school assembled ; and every Sunday afternoon the whole ” school ass embled shouted him down . r o Whatever the customs elsewh ere , here , em v ing an offending stove from a recitation room and throwing it into the river ; firing a gun so heavily to 2 0 loaded as break 3 panes of glass , in retalia tion f or offensive discipline ; turning th e occu pants out of a dilapidated building and raz ing it to the ground ; tarring and feathering a bad man ; blowing a h orn in recitation ; wrecking a book store go beyon d the comm onplace in college pranks , especially when superp osed upon all th e familia r disorders . Some of this was matched by gum-shoe de

i i tect ve expeditions of the faculty even in disgu se , and by police methods doubtless as vexatious to to the professors as provocative the students . From 1 868 ( when I first had personal knowl edge ) there was a diminuendo in all these p rao tices , not without occasional crescendo bursts . n A d the diminuendo has continued . DARTMOUTH BOOK or REMEMBRANCE 1 01

If you ask me why the change , I reply at once , B ecause students of the present time do not care ” to b other with these forms of entertainment . No amount of policing could hold 2 000 students

- in check during all the hours of the twenty four . The searcher for ultimate truth returns with an “ “ ” other Why Why do they not care $ Here n various philosophers will differ . My ow answer is that the greatest factor in b ringing about this most welcome change in college manners is the development of athletic sports within and without f or the walls . It has been a steady influence self government upon the students , and an influence upon the faculty for sympathy with the students ’ interests outside of the curriculum . And these influences have reacted upon both groups . No student can horn or otherwise abuse a professor after finding him to be a good sport in a hard r fought game of tennis , o a good cook in one of the cabins of the Outing Club . No instru ctor after acting as referee in field s ports , or after talking over aff airs of college interest with a group of undergraduates on the way home from a football game can pussy-foot around to see whether his agreeable young acquaintances are playing cards when they ought to be studying .

of There are , cours e , other causes contributing to these more tranquil days and nights , to be emphasized according to the personal equation of

m ha iz r the e p s e . Such are , the trend of the times

i i and public Op n on , more refined surroundings , the critical attention of the newspapers , a feeling 1 02 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE of nearness and neighborliness instead of isola n tion , a wider area of patronage i troducing di verse habits of thought, the complex organization a nd of the modern college , the elective system , the belief that the teacher really has something to o give . Up n these as a basis floats , as it were , the

- beautiful flower of self government . The election of studies has brought relief to many a teacher compelled to carry along men who had no taste f or his work , but who really were interested in

something else which they were unable to get . o M re frequently than is generally known , some P h . D . freshly decorated from the graduate school ,

with vast learning , and with vast contempt for the teachers who have not had his advantages and “ ” f or the boneheads to whom he has to devote

his time , or some professor called from another

institution , with individuality and superficial o mannerisms , will ar use the hostility of the quickly and crudely j udging undergraduate as suddenly as one dog hates a stranger dog upon

the street . Electives save him from serious trouble until his good qualities develop or become

known . No longer can the hostility of a whole class swell around an instructor till it bursts into

storm . The Courses are elective , and the humor ou s undergraduate wh o did not take the odious

course remarks to his grumbling chum who did , “ f or Well , it serves you right electing him when ” y ou could have taken Tommy , ( Tommy being the ” of most popular professor the year ) .

o Horning, an unpleasant custom seld m war

1 04 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

Doubtless there are occasions in the history of every college when the highest authority must f r o intervene o g od order . The occasion comes or when , by reason of some special excitement provocation , the students , for whom the college is to some extent responsible , threaten the peace and f order o the community . Then , if the dean is too light a weight for the emergency , the duty may fall upon some highly respected member of the faculty or even upon the president . There o are modern instances . But these are not c casions for the use or show of physical force by college officers . h The time as gone by let us hope , and in hoping

o touch wood t confound the j inx , when college faculties find it necessary to execute severe j ustice by the wholesale upon ten , twenty , half a hundred at a time . I have known it done . I have been one of a tribunal without a dissenting vote . But with what is known as afterwisdom I feel that there was something wrong about it . Can it be that in such disciplin e there was a prompting of human irritation $ Was there a feeling that the law must be maintained even if it broke some one ’ s suspenders $ I know th ere was the mort “ main of precedent . For instance , It has always been ou r custom to separate from college any young man detected under the influence of in ” xi in to cat g drink . I may have assented to that notion once ; I do not now . An d l et no on e j ump to the conclusion that I favor or condone ineb ria tion . But youth is a time of experim ent , and if DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 1 05 an adolescent experiments once with a dangerous drug to his phys ical and mental detriment the lesson may be very valuable . At any rate he is not a danger to society until he repeats , thus sub i s titut ng illustration for experiment . But granting that in these cases of multiple execution there was no avoidance of the next step when the crisis arrived , I firmly believe that in nearly all such college convulsions the wrong chemicals had been mixed , or the right chemicals had been left unmixed , by earlier carelessness or o clumsiness . College lads are like lambs r like o hornets according to the way y u take them , and their ideas of what is fair and j ust are often sur prising to their elders . Once a learned and amiable member of the faculty not the one y ou think I mean — and his classes were furnishing the college an illustration of mutual incomp ati i n f b lity , and I was o e o a faculty committee to meet representatives of the most riotous class in ff a an e ort to s ve the situation . But their hearts “ ’ were hard to our statements . He doesn t even ” keep order in his classes , they said $

In dealing with them it should be remembered or known that when they are calm they are rea sonable , therefore reason like a vaccine should get in its work before the contagion of excitement . When responsibility is placed upon them they

‘ take it as a sign that they have put on the toga of o manh od , hence an advantage of responsible student councils . Marvelous rumors , fairy tales or garbled verities , float about the college , potent 1 06 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

r f o antagonisms , hence the wisdom of actively spreading the truth ab road . There are a few , and only a f ew, affairs in college management which it is b est to hold in secret . The attitude of the public towards the collegian is usually manifested by ferocious growling until o it comes t a showdown , when a sudden gentle “ ’ ness develops . We mustn t be too hard on the ” boys ; we were boys ou rselves once , is the idea . If more of the public could s ee them in their normal haunts , where the mass are quiet , orderly and busy , their j udgment would be better bal nc d Th e a e . student has nerves ; and he some times b ays the moon . He is subj ect to lunar rages which arise from dead calm , swell almost to mob violence , and subside without a trace . f His of enses against the public a re noise , often of out place but not really criminal , and sins — against property damage , destruction , appro riation o re p , failure to meet obligation . Fr m the s ulting predicaments h e usually escapes on his o n — Of w terms settling the bill . Less childish f n e ses are often condoned . Once upon a time the lone policeman of Hanover , in the discharge of his duty , undertook the arrest of an erring citizen . The plaints of the malefactor came to the ears of a group of playful students who made game of the officer of the law by roping and other wise impeding him with some roughness . The constable , who was plucky and efficient but not sympathetic , landed his quarry and then lodged information higher up against his persecutors .

1 08 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

t time , focus attention upon the business of a shor hour , and study j ust a little now and then , they may properly cede their places to th ose who will perform aright . They are entitled to fair treat ment , and they get even more . Since they are perhaps inexperienced in punctiliousness , poorly trained at home , and unimpressed by information that year after year the College is compelled to go on without certain egocentric persons who will o not d o their studies , they need and get most c m petent supervision and warning before the final

di s aster . They depart upon the record of that o which they have left undone , but always with p r nit e po tu y for app al and a hearing . E xtremely different is the case of B ill Sikes h ff H w o o ends against the criminal code . e may

gamble , steal , do acts of violence , or become the of cause public scandal . He is very uncommon ; but when one considers the thousands who pass

through any large college , it is not strange that in certain circles his memory is fresh though not

fragrant . Some say that the law ought to get hi m, and occasionally it does , but I do not think o the college ever turns him ver to the law . It

even postpones action that might be p rej udicial ,

if legal processes are in operation . He cannot of stay in college to be a center vice or crime , and yet his case is now understood to be d ifficult and

delicate . He may need proper food , or the care

or to of a wise physician , merely grow up . To make public his disgrace might ruin him for life ; ’ so where the matteris not already notorious B ill s DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 1 09

no misdeeds are t published abroad , and he is n given the chance , in absence , which may , a d often does , restore him to sound manhood .

From the pranks of a crowd of students re leased from routine d uty the beholder might sus pect a good deal of tomfoolery in the recitations and lectures . But this would b e a mistake . It not is considered good sport . The individual who o tries it makes himself disliked all around . C m binations against scholarly sobriety h ave been r known , and that p rofessor o young instructor who has allowed his class room to become by prec edent or tradition the home of horseplay or o h f c medy as small chance o recovery . It may be n funny to have a whole class rise as o e man , take o ff their coats and hang them over the seat , and a little later rise again and resume them , all with p erfect gravity and without visible signal , but it is not intellectually stimulating . “ ” a Cutting in a body is obsolete s a game , b e cause , with the liberal allowance of cuts and the fi e de nition of their u s , there is no great fun in lawfully using up a cut which may be much more b valua le at another time .

Leaving out of consideration , then , delinquents - in scholarship , who are attended to in a well de

fined and impartial manner , college discipline of the present time applies to the rather rare cases called criminal , but requiring most careful treat ment , and minor eruptions of lawlessness and dis order upon which the public looks with great leniency , and which the sinner gleefully recalls in 1 1 0 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

f the hearing o his sons in later years . It would be difficult to draw a sharp line between the malu m p rohibitu m and the malu m p er s e upon which President Smith used to discourse . A malu m p er s e is natu rally a malu m p rohibitu m; and a malu m p rohibitu m ( of which the fewer the better) easily b ecomes a malu m p er s e because it rohi i m is p b tu . Th e simplest mind can discern the difference between throwing snow-ball s in the college yard and cheating in examination , or howling at the moving pictu res and burglary , but there might be argument about the immorality of baiting a policeman , obtaining appl es directly

m . fro the orchard , or breaking the speed laws “ And where , by the way , is the Freshman ” * Bible which , with its prohibition of cards , and

of musical instruments during study hours , and o f of disrespect t college of icers , pointed out to us

the straight and narrow way $ Gone , mute as the ’ harp that once through Tara s halls . And that list of nicely graduated penalties is probably now on a high shelf in the safe that “ th e keeps records . Reprimanded by the Presi $ ” ’ dent It isn t done . The youth who needs it

will hear plain language in an official voice , but

not because he has been voted a reprimand . When fi you consider , it is a dif cult task to administer a well -constructed and powerful reprimand to a polite young man with shining hair who trust

T his does no t refer to the ex cellent Handbook i s sued “ b D A b d The F C . w e y the . , hich might calle reshman Bible ,

r J .

1 12 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

h nd protection of is associates . The lasting a Th often unj ust effects of publicity are avoided . e compulsions of criminal courts are absent . Special weight is granted to the statements of the individual under examination . And the process is between man and man without professional representatives . The time was ( within my memory ) when the whole faculty were j udge , j ury and executioner , often to the disadvantage of the respondent , and c l with oc asional burlesque embe lishments . A selected group administer j ustice now , with reference , occasionally , of p eculiar cases to the or president dean . No student is condemned f or without Opportunity a hearing , but as there is no authority f or bringing his body before the tribunal he may not escape j udgment by refusing t r o appear . He may be confronted by accuse s ; usually he is not , as accusers of students are very reluctant to appear . He is expected to answer r n truthfully for himself , but is not asked o e cou raged to give info rmation concerning other students . Unless there is good evidence that he is lying his word is accepted . Since he gets the benefit of presump tion of truthfulness , lying is a grave offense . Plainly this is very different procedure from of no that the police court . It is t public . It com pels the presence of neither respondent nor wit not nesses . It has the sanction of the oath . It does not give the respondent the benefit ( if it is f a benefit ) o silence . It is more like family DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 1 1 3

discipline . But it does substantial j ustice without p ublicity . Possibly culprits have escaped by reason of their own false testimony , but in long experience I have never known an instance when

I thought the innocent was convicted . “ ” College Discipline ordinarily has reference to the corrective action of a professorial operating force upon more or less raw material of students ; r -a there is , however , a e ction only to b e suggested delicately here . But at times apprentices have i been put n charge of our valuabl e young men , who had less fitness for their j ob than a wise cat tle grower would require f or his horses or his b e steers . They quickly learn , or lost to sight come to memory dear .

More than a hundred years ago, and therefore a nd safe to name , naughty professors Dean Carter of the University made a ra id on the Social ’ Friends library , and , caught by students of the

College , were placed in durance and finally led to h f their omes by an escort o students , four to each f professor . There were breaking o doors , big stick , arrests , but no penalties . In more recent times an instructor of a little — brief authority we can quote without hesita tion an alleged experience s o different from that of the rest of us as to b e valueless for evidence announced in the class -room that he had heard t that Dar mouth students were a rough s et, but that having expected to find som e gentlemen one among them he had not found . I confes s to a constant and vain regret that some of his hear 8 1 14 DARTMOUTH B OOK OF REMEMBRANCE ers wh o had not yet attained to the stature of per f ct n e gentlemen , did ot take him out and stand on hi f him s head in the snow . As a member o the “ faculty I think I should have voted , Not guilty , ’ ” but don t do it again . In the progress of time nothing has developed in college government so wholesome and genuine

- as self control through a representative group . It supplements the power of the faculty at a point of weakness , though I do ubt if it ever could or would displace wholly the authority of that body . at The intense , absu rd , but normally harmless tention paid to freshmen at the begi nning of the college year , dangerous from lack of any natural limit in du ration or repetition , is , as experience o of sh ws , sensibly controlled by a strong group of college leaders . And the same is true some bad customs that thrive in the dark . I heard with great j oy of the robust members of a student h council , w o were in charge , administering a good “ ” old-fashioned licking to a cur who used the buckle end of his belt-strap upon defenseless “ victims in th e rather doubtful ordeal of running ” the gauntlet . Such leaders can give powerful o support to honesty in c llege work . They have che cked disorders that threatened to become riots . Mental and moral defectives and those likely to be j udged criminals should , it would seem , wisely be left to more mature discrimination . Opinions concerning the present status of athletics , and of the comparative morality in the C ollege today and forty or fifty years ago are not within the plan and scope of this book .

1 1 6 DARTMOUTH BOO K OF REME MBRANCE

part of the years since my first acquaintance . The condition was even as bad as in the story told me by an Old grad of less than fifty and more “ than forty years ago : When I came to college we lived in Harmony , but my father soon moved r to Boston . F o two years , however , I gave in my name for the catalog as a resident of Harmony ; but the third year the Prof . said when he was ‘ getting the enrollment , As long as your father ’ really lives in B oston won t y ou put in your name as from there$ We haven ’t got any one from ’ Boston , and we want to show at least one . This ’ was worse than the destitution of the drunkard s home . The children called for bread and spinach and calories and vitamines in vain , and as a last “ A D WA hope they cried out for pie . N THERE S NO '” PIE I N THE HOUSE There was no one from o Boston in the College $ I believe this , s I have not looked it up in the catalog . But straitened circumstances and the day of small things may b e rich in satisfaction and good cheer . Everything depends upon the proportion in which the tranquillity and happiness of life are or or a derived from things persons ide s .

Du ring the later period of penu ry , which ex ’ tended well into the 9 0s , the salary of a full ” professor had risen to and this with re lation to the conditions of work and to the college expenses in general was liberal . Rightly the pro portion followed the custom of the body and gave

to preference the b rains . These salaries were the ’ consummation of three month s h Ope and trust ; DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 1 1 7

- but there was no assured pay day even then . As a personal favor however , the genial treasurer would advance a few dollars to loosen the finan cial stringency and set new money in circulation . Whether or not this was more than what in ever they do get today , relation to what it e would buy , is an Open qu stion . Measured by certain expenses which do not make the whole of life , it was enough . We were clothed and warmed of and fed . Measured by the needs scholars who i r should live n the world and be a pa t of it , it fell short .

There was food enough f or hospitality , and at those delightful supper parties served at separate tables , the quality and abundance was up to the best New England standard ; for there were not in able housewives those days , who provided an excess of exceedingly good victuals which it was the duty of the loquacious sisterhood in the to kitchen keep from spoiling . Help was easily obtained , and rarely was a family without one or two maids who gladly allowed themselves to be

on . lent these festal occasions These parties , which were numerous in the autumn when one or two new members had been added to the faculty , had for entertainment after the dishes had been a cleared away convers tion , music , charades whi ch we thought very clever , and little games in which the wits were caused to function pleasantly , like writing impromptu verses or presenting brief f literary ef orts , selected or original . And even if

on I am the only e left to say so , I will declare that 1 1 8 DARTMOUTH B OOK OF REMEMBRANCE

hospitality , music , and gambols of the mind are more satisfactory sports for intelligent b eings than moving pictures , cards or dancing . This s tatement is only comparative, and contains no positive denunciation of the latter class . Private hospitality had abundant opportunity in those days , and met it well . As you s ee at Commencement the long retinu e of the 1 0-years class — the wives keeping up with the procession

of or regardles s heat fatigue , proudly flourishing nd the showy parasols provided by the class tax, a the little B illikins here and there inspecting daddy ’ s college whither they are coming by and — by y ou wish to know where these welcome ornaments of the occasion were stowed away in the days of yore when there were neither dormi tories to give them shelter nor College Hall to give them food . Well , they were not expected , and they met the expectation . B ut there were guests , and Commencement was a more intimate family affair than at present . When the scant accommodations of the Dartmouth Hotel had been exhausted , the homes of the village were

Opened , natu rally for the more mature alumni o with their wives , if these chose t come . It was perhaps as much a reunion of friends as of classes . The young fellows could look out f or themselves ; and this they did without any vow to

- silence . Then to fill the meeting house and the village a host appeared in the morning and vanished at night . The Commencement ceremony

’ five- was a hours orgy of oratory , during which

12 0 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

of children can testify that notwithstanding un

desirable economy , he was unable for many years to meet the necessary expenses except by outside earnings . If instruction represented the height of wise

expenditure , administration represented the depth

” S h o uld A ul d A c q uaintan c e B e Forgot

f ins ufficienC s ee o distressing y . Today you a fine - ad building , well equipped , and wholly used for t h ministrative purposes . What had e College at the time and during the period to which I refer $

Nothing ; absolutely nothing . With enough per severance the treasurer might b e found in his law Office over the o ld bank building ; and the presi in x dent was often his study at the house . E cept f or such domestic arrangements as he might DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 12 1

make , no member of the faculty had an Office or anything corresponding thereto . He might have lon tailed a study , and that , with a g coat and a con id book , was enough . At present there is a s erable library building, inadequate , but storing or distributing books , and capably ad of ministered . The college library those days , - n well hidden in the second story of Reed Hall , co

Pro fessor of D ust a nd A sh e s

i ta ned books , and no one knew when the lone librarian would drop around and unlock it ; h I suppose there were regular hours , but w o would expect us to know them $ The Society li b raries offered freer access to about an equal of number books . We drew for vacati on choice f or by lot, and the long vacation we could take — away fourteen books , seven from 1 to the highest number , and seven more from the highest c 1 number ba k to . 1 2 2 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF RE ME MBRANCE

At p resent the College gives steady employment to about 1 7 5 who do not have class -room duties ;

- fifty years ago it had one full time employe , the worthy but overloaded Prof es s or of Dust and

Ashes . Student help , which ranged from extreme — fidelity to utter shiftlessness only it was im possible to tell beforehand which it was going to b e — was employed on a part time scale ; and carpenters , painters , and the like , when needed -fl n were hired for the j ob . Considering the far u g precincts of the material college , the heating , lighting , feeding , the stupendous current details

- which enter into the daily book keeping , the cor respondence , the publications , the records which become history or statistics , only a rash person t would declare , without exper examination , that too many are engaged in the business as dis tin i he gu s d from the instruction of the College .

If , as is reported , it costs a year to main n tain the daily roll of attendance , one ca at least imagine an institution in which this expense , made necessary because of delinquents , could be to applied something more productive , and the burden of non-attendance carried by the records of scholarship .

B ut what was the condition in a college set for about one-fifth of the p resent number $ The o President wrote his own letters , aided n w and then by some member of his family or by a student who wrote a fair hand and could be trusted . One student manipulated and pedaled the little organ . There was no superintendent of

1 24 DARTMOUTH B OOK OF REME MBRANCE with modernity that artists and speakers of many kinds and grades should b ring their talents to Hanover ; these advanta ges were not f or the small h college and those w o loved it . Just what became of the professors who re signed befo re they died is not apparent . There ’ were not many . In Lord s History we read that 1 D r . Sanborn , resigning in 8 81 with insufficient ’ - savings after forty three years service , was as sisted by an annual $ 5 00 contributed by friends . A president of the College who reti red in 1 8 92 was given a pension of $ 1 7 5 0 which was after 12 00 wards cut to $ . And this , I think , is the only case of a pension by Dartmouth College until Mr . 1 0 Carnegie came to the rescue in 9 6 . For audience rooms there was the meeting f or ol house preferred , the d chapel for common , and the gymnasium for special assembli es . Rob inson Hall was not even a dream , and such few student organiz ations as there were floated around without a home , except the Theological Society which had a room with idols and things in o it . College Hall has wrought a marvel us change in the humanity of the College . Before its con struction the College was in the condition of a home without kitchen or dining-room unable to own o f nourish its or to f er hospitality to others . Its operation may from time to time j ustify criticisms which should be heeded , but their weight is small when one c onsiders what the Com mons has brought about in raising the standard of i r alimentation throughout the village , np omot DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REME MBRANCE 12 5

o en ing genial discussi n of serious topics , and in abling the College to be a gracious host to or ganiz ations from within and without .

In a former chapter , I have written of the primitive conditions of heating , lighting, bathing . If these had been the conditions of the civilized world at the time they would not have been so a n oteworthy ; but they were not . While little hand tub was available to squirt water on a fire until the horse-trough was empty or the soft handed fire fighters were themselves pumped out, in the cities huge steamers were rushed with spectacular action to drown the fires with water .

At that very time , in my home city one of these ” roaring monsters bore the name of Long John , of in honor Mayor John Wentworth , Dartmouth , 1 83 6 . Nor can ignorance of water transmitted in aqueducts and applied in h ot and cold baths be t ascribed o a place of ancient learning . Although at this time plumbing had not become the royal of art the present , all the fixtures of what is often called a modern bath room had been in u s e for n r many years in moder communities . One of ou professors gained great local renown at a fire of long ago . The fire company , discouraged before the b attle by the heart-breaking work necessary to get the quickly-failing pipe -stem stream up on ‘ of i the fire , had little the present eflic ency , and their feeble and poorly directed efforts finally forced a student to explode with a volley of those words which at that time were pu rged of evil in 2 - print by em dashes in their middle . Professor 12 6 DARTMOUTH B OOK OF REMEMBRANCE

Wiseman h eard it all and placing his hand on the ’ “ young man s shoulder said gravely , Thank you , ”

S i r. The D artmou th was a solemn b rown pamphlet published monthly , and each editor , having sole responsibility for his number , would beg his A e is friends for literary contributions . The g , a

- little paper covered thing of about forty pages , -d was published twice a year . The number issue in the summer term of 1 87 0, of which Charles F . o Richardson was one of the two edit rs , contains lists of the members of the five fraternities which of continue under the same name , the Social of Friends and of the United Fraternity , the two

freshman societies , and of the ten members of “ ” the Handel Society . It lists a quintette which

was very good it was rumored , by the way , that this quintette glee club had swallow-tailed coats o — a which they w ore n their infrequent trips , o couple f minor musical organizations , seven

baseball nines , class officers , a telegraph company ,

three burlesque groups , and the membership of

the Theological and Missionary Association , in

which are found the names of Franc i s B rown ,

Lemuel S . Hastings , Bishops Leonard and Talbot ,

Marvin D . Bisbee , Francis E . Clark , and many

o o others since well kn wn in Hanover . ( I d not know anything that marks more the chasm b e tween that world and this than the custom on obscure student authority obscure even now to me — of dividing all the members of the faculty among the four student p rayer meetings on the

12 8 DARTMOUTH B OOK OF RE MEMBRANCE sanctity which was fostered if not wholly inspired o by D r . Noyes . A recitation room was a recitati n room , and if there were a chair and a table on a platform f or the professor and seats for the students there would be no occasion f or any one o to boast about M a rk H pkins and the log .

The time to which I refer 1 868 j ust now belongs to a p eriod when if an institution of learning possessed a laboratory of any kind f or student work it had the right to point with pride . S o far as I have been able to learn Dartmouth had none . There are a few rays of circumstantial evi dence that somewhere and somehow the students in the Chandler School had a little “p ractical ” chemistry , but I have never found out where or how . There was one cou rse fairly in the same class with laboratory work — fi eld work in sur ve in y g required of the whole Sophomore class . Imagine being p ri v11eged to seek kn owledge and o skill out f doors in the early fall , while yet the m m sun was war , the grass green , the foliage u thinned , and the fuliginous river fog foretold a gladsome day $ The class was divided into squads of eight , with director and register com mittee on observation and calculation appointed by the professor on the b asis of marks in mathe m tics a , and a committee on apples appointed by the squad on th e basis of specialized acquisitive ness . And neither committee was to b e disturbed in its duties by other members of the squad . There was no occasion to worry because the Col

- lege had no ill smelling laboratories . A little later DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 1 2 9 by arrangement with the Agricultural College there was Opportunity for seniors to have some laboratory work in Chemistry in the newly built

Culver Hall .

The village had no welcome for newcomers . I mean the village , and not its inhabitants . The writer was told by Treasurer F . Chase , with prophetic truth , that to get a house he would have

f or to to wait someone die . All the houses were occupied , and the land since available for build ing purposes was held in large tracts and was f or not then sale . Nearly , if not quite , half the residences of the village are on lands then held r or f o farms hay fields . President Bartlett , who

1 wa came to the College in 8 7 7 , s no better off than other intruders into the closed village , and for several years went from one temporary — shelter to another the Dartmouth Hotel , Mrs . ’ ’ Thomas Crosby s , Professor Emerson s during his absence in Europe —until at his prompting the

Trustees , with the purchase of the Noyes house , established the custom of maintaining a home for the president of the College .

One of the very good customs of the days of small things was the Senior Party given by the president a few weeks before Commencement . Person al invitations were sent to the Seniors and such friends of theirs as might be in Hanover at to the time , the social el ement in the village , and to friends of the College in neighboring towns

Lebanon , West Lebanon and Hartford . It was 1 3 0 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE always an interesting qu estion which and h ow many of these bespoken ones would reply to the polite notes of invitation . The seniors appeared in reasonable numbers ; the guests from the neigh boring villages were at pains to be present ; ” mixers were appointed to stimulate circulation , and the usual good time was had by all . The ’ party was held in the president s h ouse when he had one . During the time when he was house less one of the best of the gatherings was held in “ the old Philosophical Room in Reed Hall , and ’ members of the president s family took off their coats or rolled up their sleeves and ladled out ice cream for the multitude . The Senior Party per t in - a ed to the old style of home made hospitality , to the simple era when people found entertain ment in meeting one another and $oy in exercising their own wits . It brought to the College a very desirable group of neighbors , and recognized , if old only tacitly , the common migration from the o C nnecticut homes . Within a few weeks one of the oldest of the guests was recalling with great pleasu re these occasions which used to bring him

hi w on to and s ife social missions Hanover . With the great growth of the College this form of inter community had to pass away . Extinct also , like the old Pine and the Senior Party , is the pleasant custom of faculty reception evenings , which for a time more than half of the members of the classes appreciated by their presence . We have

the omelet , but the eggs are broken . 1 In June , 878 , the Trustees appointed an Asso

1 3 2 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

0 ciate Professor of Chemistry at a salary of $ 1 5 0 .

He was associated , because D r . Oliver Payson r Hubbard was Professor of Chemist y , though for many years his relation to the C ollege had been as lectu rer in the Medical School . This associate professor after using up a leave of absence , ar rived in March and began to look around f or those material obj ects which go with a p rofessor of chemistry . He found to his surprise that the C ollege was unable to offer him one square foot his of separate and distinct territory , and that to outfit , when he found a place put it , would con sist of a little apparatus of small value , the equity of the College in stock held by the Agri cultural College , and what he could buy with an 2 00 approp riation of $ . The work of the depart ment was to be done in Culver Hall , a building of f j oint ownership , but in the custody o the New Hampshire College of Agricultu re and the Me e chani Arts . It surely presented a situation for controversy and real trouble . There was one lecture room and one laboratory room and two men teaching chemistry to two distinct and im of of miscible groups students . Hours , course , f had to be arranged for the use o the lecture room , and a gentleman ’ s agreement was negotiated to leave no illustrative material around in one an

’ other s way . An attempt was made to get along with opposite ends of the laboratory , but , as that proved impracticabl e from the easy mixing of o movables , a slight partition running half way t the ceiling was set up , and the associate professor DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 13 3 found himself in possession of 2 4 tables and a

- closet , with standing room only . This condition of two families in the same house continued until the removal of the New Hampshire College from 1 Hanover in 8 9 3 . That it existed without friction or accumulated ill feeling is not wholly due to the pacific nature of the parties thus tied together . It was like the case of the female whose relative by marriage when asked if she was reconciled to “ ° departing from this life , replied She j olly well had to be .

Slowly , very slowly , almost inch by inch , the chemistry department pervaded , infiltrated Culver

Hall . Its progress was aided by the imperfect ventilation of the building ; and aliens , chemically s peaking , gradually manifested an active prefer ence f or the nameless smells of a close room somewhere else to the clean and namable though perhaps too distinct odors of scientific prepara f tion there dif used . The building became u n o p pular . And thus and otherwise , from nothing , in the course of many years Chemistry got p os session of the whole building ; and the migration into the beautiful new Steele Laboratory was but the natural translation . Culver was not heated by steam or by anything else . The impediments to freezing were stoves o needing constant feeding which they did n t get , and a viciously inefli cient wood furnace under the laboratory . Many a time the professor , after the manner of the district school , was comp elled to call for volunteers from his class to accompany 13 4 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

him to the cellar for fuel , generally getting a hearty response from the whole class . It froze in the laboratory , only occasionally hard enough of to split the pipes ; but , owing to the necessity meeting an early schedule and of avoiding con i fl cts , much preparation had to be made before the classes came from chapel , with fingers so numb that the sight of blood from a cut or scratch was the first intimation of inj ury . For a time there was gas , Hanover gas , that peculiar semi vaporous substance made on the spot and dis tributed to consumers at $ 1 0 a thousand until ruin r stared make and user in the face . After that for a long time the only heat for chemical pur a poses w s obtained from little alcohol lamps . The professor was absolutely without assistance even o from a helping j anitor . But he had only t pre pare and take down experiments and illustrations

- for the class room , wash the dishes , make up the reagents , give out all materials nee ded by students in the laboratory , keep up supplies and h accounts and records , tend t e fires in emergen o cies , dust the tables , circulate among the w rkers and catch them by intuition j ust before they

- made a fatal blunder , examine the note books , o have re citations and lectures , lay ut courses which could be carried on under the limited con dition h s , and all t e tim e strive to build up a reg ular department of chemistry . Oh , it was a busy $ m life At times , as a nice little family accu u lated , there would be for a treat a picnic down to Culver to unpack invoices of chemicals or ap

1 3 6 DARTMOUTH B OOK OF REMEMBRANCE

m paratus . Relief ca e gradually , by volunteer

student help , by students paid by the hou r , by

graduate students , by a full time helper , a pra e on c tical j anitor , and so to the present a f complished sta f . I should like to enlarge upon the two little stoves at the south end of the Meeting-house with the rods of dripping pipe under the galleries de livering what was left of the smoke into the twin

chimneys on the north , upon the choir loft over

r the door , upon the Thu rsday evenings rigidly e served for the mid -week meetings to the exclusion or of all other entertainments , sacred profane . I should like to tell of the excitement among the required attendants at the Sunday services when “ ” Dr . Leeds solemnly said , I pass , or rhetorically “ raised his voice to cry , Wake , Christian

‘ brother or when the visiting clergyman in tell ’ “ of ing his service at the State s prison said , They

i were all there ; they had to be . The soc al and inexpensive decoration of the church f or Com m nc men e e t, and the rich bouquets presented to

the speakers are items of interest . Much might be said of the forlorn lot of the sick student

for measles , mumps , scarlet fever , whooping cough and something j ust as good as the grip flourished then — shut up in his dirty ro om and in his unchanged bed and tended only by his kindly but erratic fellows ; and of the winter hibernation with occasional giddy awakening

when Anna Dickins on , General Kilpatrick ,

r Camilla Urso , o the Jubilee Singers broke in ;

1 3 8 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

and of the inevitable Feb ruary row of some kind

in the College . But there must b e consideration of of the limitations space , time and patience .

Times change and we have changed with them . Those were hard and happy days and their recol f or lection calls no pity .

1 4 0 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE eye of any aspiring youth who some way failed to remove the teacher from his proper scene of labor was j ust as good a j oke ; and the spokesman “ of the Di et of Crackers would allow , thet thur ’ wuz sum chanst of them young divvils gettin an eddication after all

Anyone might try his hand at the j ob ; but it was not outside of the rul es for the teacher to kn ow something , since the only entrance condi tion to the winter school was living within walk ing distance . While the teacher was sure to have “ a class in the simple literature of The cat h as got a rat . It is a fat rat . D o not put the fat rat in my hat , many a youth who was to be heard from later cherished a longing to set his teeth or into the binomial theorem , to read Caesar even if he had to stay after school to get the time . It was doubtful whether it was right to parse the

u Bible , but if the teacher could not parse a v word that Shakespeare ever set down , it was told in o the homes with $ y if he had not made friends , with disappointment if they liked him . He was exp ected to solve any puzzle in a rithmetic at ” once , or at any rate , as soon as he had time . And sly old codgers who played checkers at the ’ a t vern , often as late as nine o clock , used to copy from the puzzle department of the we ekly G azette f fear ul p roblems in compound interest , the rule of three , alligation , or about such sinful doings as buying huckleb erries by dry measure and

a selling them s liquids , and send them in by one of . M d the boys ental arithmetic , like fish , was hel DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 14 1 to be a great source of mental power ; and the ’ teacher , at a moment s notice , had to put together or undo these tangled numbers : If 1 8 is of e 5 of of some numb r , what is of times the same number $ ” Or the details of building such and such a wall with s o many men in 2 0 ob days , and then hurrying up the $ to get a multiplied wall built in half the time by how many men ; occasionally infesting the situation with boys , with the assumption that it took three boys to do the work of on e man . He was obliged to Spend one painful evening in checkers at the tavern , though the experts there assembled had “ e his measure after the third move . Coll ge was ” n r tic l a darned o p ac a place , they agreed among themselves . But they would hardly ever allude ’ to the matter again in the teacher s presence , ex cept now and then to speak with wooden face s of “ thet ther night when we hed them checker ’ kn w r o games , y o , o archly to remark f the “ ’ or preacher some other worthy , He s all right , ’ but he can t play checkers for sour apples . It appears from the catalog for 1 868 - 1 869 that the fall term of the College closed Thursday 2 6th of night , November , for a vacation Six weeks . It does not appear that after the vacation came a r te m of fifteen weeks from which the student , if properly excused , might take the first s ix weeks f or teaching without the burden of making up . This was the time when the knights of the ruler and the spelling book went forth to carry order and light , to return with cash and experience . 1 42 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

About two-thirds of the mid -century graduates had taught a winter school as part of their educa tion . Shortened vacation and greater stringency in making up rendered this custom impracticable after about 1 89 0. The first six weeks of the winter term were rich in mental food and 0, how lonesome ; but there was escape by way of the conventional plea , “ ” necessity . For the faculty demanded necessity . And necessity was a relative matter depending on a conditions . One form of necessity w s to avoid calling on father f or another check ; another was f or to gather Experience , the grand qualification two or three years of gainful teaching after grad i n to u at o , and it was well known and encouraging suppliants that certain members of the faculty looked with approval upon this form of necessity And still another form of necessity was to secure the wherewithal for food until the summer hotels were ready . Much depended on definition , the respect of the applicant for the truth , and the -r o mood of the excuse . N one had yet attained to the pleasant humor of the student who , at a later time when each professor excused absences , printed and distributed application blanks with ” R eas on : Sicknes s upon the whole edition .

A second prerequisite f or teaching a winter — school was like that for cooking a rabbit first catch your rabbit ; first catch your school . Schools were caught from the inquiries of school boards addressed to som e member of the faculty ; such applications seldom found their way to novices , as

144 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

e hereafter to b e called Darius , engaged hims lf to

- a three months school at $44 a month , with the drawback of $5 a week f or room and b oard ; travel and sundries were naturally at his own ex pense . So he would have more experience than cash in the net retu rn . By familiar modes of travel , with a stage coach for the end of the f - j ourney , he reached the corner o an often men tioned and now highly civilized town which had of — two nuclei population , West Hopeton and on Hopeton Center , and which carried the manu factu re of small articles of wood in the modest and comfortable New England fashion of many o years ag . After being delivered at his pre-arranged ’ boarding place in West Hopeton , Darius first duty was to present himself to the chairman of f or the school board examination , since without a certificate obtained by examination no one could o o in be paid from the public money . Acc rding t stru ctions he sought Jacob Nickleby in his gen ’ eral store in Hopeton Center . It was not Jacob s custom to talk unless he had something to say , s o he made no comment on the apparent u nfitnes s of the youthful Darius to master a winter school , of no uncommon tu rbulence , but which was certain to try any teacher out and to take the up of to per hand him if possible . He proceeded his of an standard examination five question s , to be s wer d ol e by word of mouth , for shrewd d Jacob said that he could tell more from the way they an s ered w than from what they said . DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 1 45

Grammar — Analyze and parse till I stop you

T o a . be or not to be , th t is the question Whether ’tis nobler in the mind to suff er The slings and arro ws of outrageous fortune ;

O r to take arms against a sea of troubles , A m $ ” nd b oppo ing , end t e , y s h History — Name all the presidents and vice presidents of the United States . Geography — What states and territories are crossed by the 42 d parallel $ Arithmetic — Why do y ou invert the terms of a fraction in division $ Pedagogy ( His pet question ) State your methods . The young collegian sadly messed his u np re meditated answers , but y ou would have messed them too . Jacob Nickleby was silent for a time . Then he made some marks on the back of an envelope . He was an amiable dissembler , but he to loved to pose , and scare the college fellers . “ “ Wal , he said at last , ye done about as well ” as I thought ye would . And having thus given evidence of his profundity he issued the certifi cate . ’ Darius boarding place , while it gave him a new experience of family life , offered the great es s entials of simplicity , comfort and kindness . Mr . Carrill was agent , manager and treasurer of a

- profitable littl e mill making broom sticks ; Mrs . Carrill was a notable house-keeper of the type that keeps house for the family and not the family

* 10 14 6 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE for the house ; Roger and Anna were their chil ’ B rien dren , an d Katy O was household helper and one of the family . Roger and Anna attended the ’ B ri high school at the Center , and Katy O en had done with schooling ; so the youthful teacher was under no strain to envelope himself in a cloud of dignity out of school . And the four young people played games and frolicked in the usual very youthful way . Darius helped on many an alge b raic puzzle and many a tangle in the language o or no which Virgil picked ut f the Aeneid , and w and then filled the wood -box for Katy when sh e was in a hurry with her soda biscuits . The house hold b ecame friendly to Darius .

But teaching is an art ; and the management of a school is a game of Skill ; and Darius now dis covered that he had neither the art nor the skill . In order to b e taught the pupils must have at

- least some inclination to learn . And the simplest of all modes of management consists in inspiring of a willingness to be managed . Big girls aware their immunity from well -deserved s trapping can simply emanate sauciness and rebellion . Little girls can stick out their tongues and giggle ir repressibly and irresponsibly . Large , overgrown boys can trip one another in the aisles while their eyes roll innocently to heaven and their lips frame l the words of their spelling lesson . And the smal n boys , falling into the mood of the occasion , ca

- a on drop their slates on the floor , or land spit b lls

’ the blackboard when the teacher s back is turned . With the great girls as allies the school is nearly

148 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE preference for law and order ; the large vealy youths were as impudent as they dared to be and were evidently looking for a chance to mutiny ; and the little ones were mischievous and merry .

The school was untamed . The run upon the water pail f or a drink was too steady f or a country where salt codfish was little used ; there were too many imperative demands to go out ; the larger girl s would rise and leave the room without ask ’ ing, much to Darius perplexity , as they were well aware that he lacked the assurance to put the $ ” usual question , I s it necessary Occasionally a book would be thrown across the room when his r t back was turned , o a piece of chalk dex erously snapped would hit him as he attempted to explain some problem at the blackboard , and when one of the big girls would engage his attention with some unnecessary question it was the occasion f or

as snickering glee . Darius w himself contributing to the unhappy condition by over-sensitiveness t o the unintended disorders of the room in seeing too much which a good teacher , knowing childish restlessness , manages not to see , and by undiluted f rigor in the u s e o the recitation periods , which his desire to accommodate every one had made very short . The intellectual d emands were not overtaxing after the start , but analysis and parsing done by the large girls with lightning tongu es regardless of where they hit was something quaint and un of heard . They could take the longest sentence DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 149 and without pausing or faltering put every ele i or : ment into ts place for better worse , thus “ It is a compound declarative sentence of which the first member is and the second member is the logical subj ect of the first member is and the logical predicate is the sim ple subj ect is and the simple predicate is the simple subj ect is modified by an adj ective phrase consisting of and s o forth , j ust like that , without any stops , until every word had been put into its grammatical cell and the sentence was completely wrecked . It was marvelous . It was stupendous . And Darius was like the dog tied to the express tra in , until j ust by good luck he discovered that speed was cover of ing a multitude sins . So he plunged into the verbal flood with a pointed correction ; and that

carried him through the hour . The next day he had mastered the scheme , but he was never quite t able o keep up with the winged tongues . Who does analysis and parsing now $ “ ” Rhetoricals once a week , the dreaded time of compositions and declamations , was Opportunity f or of the maximum disorder and insolence . Darius was too inexperienced in his business to know that all pieces to be spoken should have re ceived his approval in advance . Consequently his audacious pupils made the occ asion a glorious farce .

On a memorable Friday the first speaker , with m abnor al sobriety , delivered himself thus : 1 5 0 DARTMOUTH B OOK OF REMEMBRANCE

F fi 111 ish y , shy the brook ; Bobby catch h i m W i th a hook '

M a m fr him m y y in a pan , B him obby eat like a man.

And after the applause had subsided , his s uc cessor began with a grandiloquent voice but ended with the snick of a suppressed laugh at the back of his nose

The t under roared h ,

The w clouds gr e big , ” A n d killed a pig .

And the way now being clear , the next one gave evidence of collaboration with his predecessor by declaiming :

T he t under roared h , The lig tning cra ed h sh , ’ A nd a a a broke gr ndma s te pot ll to smash .

While the last speaker for the day , with a wink at the girls , and choking with his own humor at of the end each line , presented :

The rose is red ,

The v iolet is blue ,

The grass is green , ” A nd ou so are y .

The truth was beginning to appear to Darius that a c those boys needed a licking , and he w s a pea e f ful person . Also several o the boys overtopped and outweighed him . Now the Carrill family knew that there was trouble in the school , without giving Darius a hint of their knowledge . They were his friends ,

1 5 2 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

teacher could watch him , but the other four , ac cording to the enforced system of back seats f or big boys , were grouped in the rear of the room . ” Randolph , said the exasperated teacher , what does this mean $ ” “ ” What does what mean $ was the irritating in ’ of spiration Randolph s kind of brains . “ $ o u . come ( here , said Darius

Teacher was acting as expected , except that his ’ voice didn t sound quite right . The chief movable properties of the school lay upon the teacher ’ s table a Testament and a few other books , a bell , a box of crayons , and a service able ruler which Darius had mentally discarded as too brutal an implement for his pedagogic methods . He loved it now . Randolph Robinson sauntered a few steps closer , and the rest of the gang edged a little nearer to the aisle . They were going to do their part . The sturdy Randolph and the teach er with the practical ruler met in front of the table . f r Randolph , cunning o the advantage of the at tack , sprang for a grapple without any warning . He missed his aim because of Darius ’ quickness

- upon his feet , but did secure a bull dog grip upon ’ the latter s left arm ; and the four reserves j umped from their seats to finish the good work

Randolph had so well begun . An impartial spec tator would have had a vision of a vacant chair in the school room and a hole in the snow the size of the gentle teacher who did not b elieve in cor poral punishment . DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 1 53

Darius had a stick , and in the letter which he afterwards wrote to his mother he expressed his no everlasting thanks that it was t an ax , for it ’ fell across the side of Randolph s head with a xylophonic clang, and blood gushed out and flowed over Randolph ’ s face and down upon his collar . Four charging youths — they were only — naughty boys flashed from the aisle to thei r of - seats with the suddenness a mouse trap .

Confusion reigned in the little room . The ” “ great girls moaned and cried , Shame $ 0, how horrid $” “ Aint it awful $” “ The brute $” The little girls sobbed . The boys who knew what they deserved assumed an apathy which covered cold feet . An unexpected tempest had broken loose .

Little Millie Robinson , with eyes that flamed upon the teacher through their tears , led her wounded and bewildered brother from the room , and the res t followed , taking their most precious posses sions with them . Never , never , would they go back to that old school again . Darius , f or the moment unrepentant, was nevertheless aghast at i h s awful deed . He had ready none of the excuses which others would make for him . He did not know that breaking up a school was serious busi ness , and that he had quelled a riot . He had hit a b oy overhead with a stick , and even if he es caped prison he would have to give up teaching and go away in disgrace . He could make a full confession to the chairman of the school board before he went . 1 54 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF RE MEMBRANCE

So with no delay he s et forth on the two-mile walk to Hopeton Center and to the general store

- of Jacob Nickleby , self conscious , and wondering all the way whether each one whom he met was informed of the scandal and aware of his impend

I n g disgrace . With breath shortened by his hasty walk and by his inward disturbance he gave to

- Jacob Nickleby , keen eyed and silent , the whole gloomy story .

Jacob made no haste to reply . He whittled a stick ; he made a well -centered shot at the b ox of

- saw dust ; he shifted his cud to the other cheek . “ “ ” Wal , he said slowly , ye done j est right .

What , said Darius , who could not believe his ears . “ Ye done j est right ; now go back and make them young ones step around . Jacob was a sound but not wasteful talker , and he terminated “ the interview at this point . Cost me a gallon ” “ of cider , he remarked to himself, but I gu ess ’ th ” it s wu it .

The news from the school had reached Mr . ’ rrill Ca s before Darius came in , but he was com — r pelled to tell it all over to th e motherly M s . r o Car ill, to the former school committeeman , t Anna who was young enough to make it no secret ’ B rien that she was for him , to Katy O who de “ clared that sh e would give it to her b rother f or Michael being mixed up in the affair , and to

Roger . All manifestly rej oiced except Roger , who , recently the natural enemy of all school teachers but now somewhat reconciled to their

1 5 6 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF RE MEMBRANCE the coarse and ragged edges of the country -side to sweet curves . And now the facets of the tiny crystals glittered and sparkled and dazzled in the b rilliant morning sun . The smokey steam rose straight from the chimneys and gradually van k ish ed against the indigo s y . As Darius approached the schoolhouse he could s ee forms about the door . Some had come after all . They seemed to be busy with some work . Wonderful $ Four or five of the larger boys were making a path from the steps of the school down to the sidewalk . They grinned as the teacher came up . The pupils were assembling with quiet n sociability . Randolph Robinson came in , u r abashed , but ve y conscious of his cotton crown . Darius dropped a book from the table and Ran a dolph picked it up . There w s good stuff in Ran dolph , and if he had been a little older and en gaged in a righteous cause it would have taken c more than a racked head to tame him . But the store had been heard from ; and also Daddy Rob inson who cherished a concealed ambition to make of a man Randolph . His surprising comment upon the collision of Darius ’ ruler with Ran ’ “ ’ dolph s head was , If the teacher can t lick my ’ ” b o y I ll come in school and help him . Even the

- - l big sixteen year o d girls , who had called the teacher a brute only a few hours before , smilingly “ ” said , Good morning as they replaced in their f desks pencils , sponges and little bottles o water , the use of which upon their slates was considered more elegant than spitting . DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE 1 57

The school had decided to behave properly . A s soon as the teacher had shown signs of vigor the parents had said something to their of children . And the children with a new point view had thought they might like the teacher after all . Intentional insubordination and maliciou s tricks ceased , though youthful impulses oc did not lose their freshness . Darius had no casion to strike another blow during the remain ing ten weeks of school . S o in cheerful humor he could j oin in the

Sprightly social life of the little village .

f o Before long the pond was cleared r skating , and this gave Darius the chance to put his best foot foremost . He Skated impartially with his ’ own girls , big and little , and with Anna s high school friends ; and between times showed off a i trifle w th the outer edge forward and backward , the figure eight , and the single and double grape vine ; and when the boys chose up for shinney ’ Darius name led all the rest . On the bright nights Roger Carrill pulled out the double -runner which carried eight if rightly load ed and bash — fulness was not allowed to dash down one-mile hill with breathless speed and harmless hazards , though occasi onal squeal -marked o vertu rns dis in o closed white garments the light f the moon . w And after ards doughnuts , popcorn and cider by the Open fire . n And though Darius was o singer , unless he was in a crowd , they made him j oin the singing school on Saturday nights , because it was the 1 58 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

‘ f or great social event of the week young and old .

They chatted while the vacant places filled , until “ ” - the conductor , who was choir master too , tapped on his music stand with the gutta percha wand . Then through their faith in him there came a breath of inspiration ; f or he had the ‘ a rtist s soul though he was an operative in the - hi shoe peg factory by day . He bit s little tuning — — fork , um , um , um , do , do, everybody sound ’ — louder , louder , that s better now take — you r parts , do , mi , sol page thirteen , sing by

ol l o ol o note s , s o , do , d , s , sol , d , do , all ready , ’ n e — n t o e, two , thr e , sing Scotland s bur ing Sco ’ - r fi -er fi -er land s burning ; loo kout , loo kout fi e , , , fi-er on how ; pour on water , pour water . Why , well it went $ And all mixed up too . And after

a o the laugh w s over they did it again , s loud this time that the fire brigade woul d have been out with the old tub if nearly all its members had not been singing and laughing themselves . When they had all cleared their throats and maybe slip ped in a bit of lozenger they tackled those hearty old f u u ein g g tunes : B ridgewater , Rainbow ,

Victory , Fly like a youthful hart or roe , Over the hills where spices ( some said spiders ) grow ; then a minor , How vain are all things here below , How — false and yet how fair $ D r . Watts took such a gloomy view of life j ust because of a j ilting girl . — And by and by they paired off and went home , and said good -night on the door-step in the good old proper way .

Darius found the evening parties , which were

1 60 DARTMOUTH BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE

So the winter quickly passed . On the last day when the Exhibition came off the scholars all sat “ in position ” and sang “ ” “ ” “ ow Lightly R , Home Again , The Swanee “ ” Ribber , and The Battle Hymn of the Republic ,

‘ which was very new then . The minister made a prayer . The boys declaimed real pieces ; the girls read c ompositions from blue - ribboned manu scripts . All the scholars united to present their teacher with beautiful boxes to hold his collars f and detachable cuf s . The big girls shyly pre sented their autograph albums for Darius ’ name “ and something nice . And Millie Randolph and some of the other little girls shed a tear or two f o real sorrow at the parting .