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Appendix 2 Tables 7‒10, Including Diagrams 1‒3, Maps 1‒6, and Ground Plans (Figures 1‒40)

Table 7 Foundation periods and founders of the Pauline monasteries

king magnate noble ecclesiastic order town unknown –1263 Dédesa Badacsony Szentjakab Dubicab Idegsytc (1240/before Elek (~1225) (1244/ 1 1312) Fülöpsziget 1 1270– 1 (1221) 1290) Kőkút 1 Szakácsi Szentjakab 6 1263– Újhely Bajcs Henye Bodrogsziget 1308 (~1268) (1280–1283) (before (1275–1282) Kalodva Szentlászló 1300) Zagreb (before 1290) (1295) Pula (1274–1288) Kékes Diósgyőr (1280– Kápolna (before 1294) (before 1304) 1300) (1280–1294) Szentkereszt Regéc (before 2 2 (1263–1291) 1307) Szentlőrinc Veresmart (1290–1300) (1304) Szentlélek 5 (1287) 5 a The hermits mentioned in the 1240 perambulation of Dédes and Tardona were an independent community which later became part of the Pauline order. See Kovács, “Elpusztult középkori kolostorok Heves megyében,” 119. b 1244: MNL OL DL 35141, 35142, 35143 (issued by the burghers of Dubica). Transcribed by King Stephen V in 1270, King Louis I in 1363, by the Chapter of Buda in 1384 and 1394 (follow- ing the first exemplar): Fejér, Codex diplomaticus Hungariae ecclesiasticus ac civilis, vol. 4, pts. 1, 349–351. If the charter giving an earlier date of foundation is accepted as authentic, the foundation of the monastery of Dubica can also be connected to the royal family, since the initiator was Prince Coloman, brother of King Béla IV. Of course, this early community was an independent hermitage near the town which did not become Pauline before the end of the thirteenth century. c Some researchers see this name as the distorted form of Hidegkút, north of Lake Balaton, but this remains speculative. See, for example, Holler, “A veszprémi püspök egy 1263. évi okleveléről,” 121.

Table 7 Foundation periods and founders of the Pauline monasteries (cont.)

king magnate noble ecclesiastic order town unknown

1308–1342 Remete- [Németi] Bakva Jenő Szentpál Kőszeg Bereg (1329, (1319) (before (1310–1315) (1333) (before 1334) queen) 1 1328) Patacs 1 Slat 1 Buzgó (1334) (1304–1328) (before 2 Tarpasziget 1327) (before Enyere 1333–1434) (1339) Vetahida Háromhegy (before 1317) (1341) 4 Jofa (1325) [Kács] (1317–1332) Mindszent (before 1323) Ruszka (1338) Szerdahely (1335) Uzsa (1320–1333) 10 1342–1382 Gönc [Boldog- Eszeny Felnémet Toronyalja Gatály (before 1371) asszonypáh] (1358) (1340–1347) (1352–1381) (1340–1345) Thal (before 1354) Hangony Gyulafehérvár 1 1 (1377) Csáktornya (1368) (1376) Nosztre (1376) Kisbaté Szentmihály (1352) Csatka (1367–1383) (1363) Remete- (1350–1355) Patlan 3 Técső (1363) Elefánt (1369) (–1382) 4 Gombaszög Szentkirály (1371) (1350) Örményes Strezad (before 1378) (1373) Szentpéter Villye (1382) (1380) 7 7

d In 1509, the monastery has already been unified with the monastery of Lepoglava: LK 1, no. 91.

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Table 7 Foundation periods and founders of the Pauline monasteries (cont.)

king magnate noble ecclesiastic order town unknown

1382–1437 Verőce [Beckó] (after Dobra Kuća Pókafalva Boldogkő (1433) 1431?) (1412) (1416– (–1392) 1 Lád Told before Kamensko (1387) (1384) 1448) (1404–1407) Lepoglava 2 1 Szt.Háromság (before 1435) (–before 1412) Nagyfalu Szalánkemén (~1400) (–1393) Újház Vállus (1429) (1408) 5 Ungvár (1384) 6 1437–1458 Porva [Dömös]e Kenderes (1439–1441) (1446) (before 1453) 1 1 1 1458–1490 Csőt [Aybocz]f Vajdaháza Bánfalva (1477) (before 1490) (before (1482) Zsámbék Baumgarten 1468) 1 (1477) (1475) 1

e On the request of King Sigismund, Pope Eugene IV gave Saint Margaret’s Collegiate Chapter of Dömös to the Olivetan Benedictines in 1433, but they left the monastery in 1446. Pope Eugene in the same year, then Pope Nicholas V between 1447 and 1449, transformed the abbey into a Pauline monastery, however, the diet and Governor John Hunyadi objected to the infringement of their patronage rights, and successfully petitioned the pope to restore the collegiate chapter. Horváth, Kelemen, and Torma, Magyarország Régészeti Topográfiája, vol. 5, Esztergom és a dorogi járás, 68. f If this is the same as the monastery of Edelstal, also founded by the same family and abandoned after 1546, the monks may have settled there only after 1520, F. Romhányi, “Pálos kolostorok Sopron környékén,” 246. The circumstances of the foundation of the monastery in Aybocz are rather obscure. The family’s contacts to the Pauline order are known from other charters, for instance, Sigismund of Szentgyörgy and Bazin (d. 1493) and his brother John (d. 1492) were accepted as confriars of the Pauline order in 1458. The charter was issued by Prior General Andrew: MNL OL DL 15254. Sigismund also became confriar of the monastery of Thal in 1470 for his generous donation: MNL OL DL 16869. In 1471 the widow of Emeric of Szentgyörgy and Bazin, Helena Rozgonyi, and their son Simon gave the Paulines half of a house in Pressburg, see Townhouses chapter above. Despite the earlier contacts, the foundation of the new monastery must have taken place around or after 1470, since the two brothers not only participated in the Transylvanian insurrection of 1467 but they were even leaders alongside Bertold von Ellerbach, see Nógrády, “A lázadás ára,” 132. Although King Matthias Corvinus granted them mercy after the suppression of the uprising, they lost their office.

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Table 7 Foundation periods and founders of the Pauline monasteries (cont.)

king magnate noble ecclesiastic order town unknown

1458–1490 (cont.) Fehéregyháza Monyorókerék (1480) (before 1471) 3 Szalónak (before 1461) Tisztaberek (1470–1486) Tokaj (1466–1472) Vázsony (1480–83) 7 1490–1526 Szentjobb Család (~1512) Váradhegyfok (1498) Terebes (1502) (1498) Visegrád 2 1 (1493) 2 Sum 17 30 28 12 2 2 12 Total 103 number of foundations

The foundation of a Pauline monastery could express their loyalty towards the king. In the same period, three lords of Austrian origin, Andreas Baumkircher, Bertold von Ellerbach, and Ulrich von Grafeneck, founded Pauline monasteries in the western border region (now Burgenland) with the same intention. However, the two brothers did not hurry with the com- pletion of the foundation, probably because their income diminished after they had lost the favour of the king. Thus, their younger brother, Christopher (d. c.1508) was still involved in decisions about the valuables and the money dedicated to the construction of the monastery. Another new foundation made by Ulrich von Grafeneck could not be completed either. The monastery of Baumgarten was eventually settled only by the founder’s daughter, Elisabeth von Topl in 1525 and 1526. It is also worth mentioning that both the three Austrian barons and the family of Szentgyörgy and Bazin were in close contact with Emperor Frederick III and the Holy Roman Empire. They all received estates from the emperor; the family of Szentgyörgy and Bazin even received the title of imperial count (Reichsgraf) in Vienna, 1459: MNL OL DL 15371.

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Diagram 1 Social standing of the founders by period

Diagram 2 Number of foundations by period

Diagram 3 Number of Pauline monasteries by decade

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Table 8 Patron saints of the Pauline monasteries

Patron saints Monasteries

Holy Virgin Mary (35) Baumgarten* Beckó Csáktornya* Család Csatka Enyere Eszeny Fehéregyháza Garić Gombaszög Gönc Kalodva Kamensko Lád Lepoglava Thal Martonyia Nagyfalu Nosztre Örményes Patacs Pókafalva Porva* Remete (Técső) Remete (Bereg) Remete (Zagreb) Szalónak Szentmihálykő Terebes a In 1474, their patron saint is referred to as Saint John the Baptist: MNL OL DL 64446.

Legend: Bánfalva—earlier dedication (chapel or monastery); Szentháromság—short-lived monastery; Dédes*—more than one patron saint

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Table 8 Patron saints of the Pauline monasteries (cont.)

Patron saints Monasteries

Holy Virgin Mary (35) (cont.) Tokaj* Told Újhely* Várad-Kápolna Veresmart* Villye Corpus Christi (4) Dédes* Diósgyőr Ungvár Vajdaháza All Saints (4) Bajcs Csáktornya* Mindszent Streza Saint Anna (4) Dobra Kuća Gyulafehérvár* Hangony Tokaj* Saint Benedict (1) Bakva Saint Brictius (1) Monyorókerék Saint Dominic (2) Szakácsi Dubica (?)b Saint Elisabeth (2) Idegsyt [Gyulafehérvár*] Pula Saint Giles (1) Újhely* Saint Philip and James (1) Regéc Saint Helen (1) Fülöpsziget (?) Saint Emeric (1) Badacsony Saint Stephen King (1) Szentkirály Saint James (2) Szentjakabhegy Szentjakab b Fejér, Codex diplomaticus Hungariae ecclesiasticus ac civilis, vol. 4, pt. 1, 350. Transcription in 1270: Fejér, vol. 5, pt. 1, 59–60.

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Table 8 Patron saints of the Pauline monasteries (cont.)

Patron saints Monasteries

Saint John Baptist (3) Elefánt Újház Veresmart* Saint Jerome (1) Jofa Saint Catherine (1) Ruszka Holy Cross (2) Bodrogszigete Szentkereszt Saint Ladislaus (5) Kékes Kisbaté* Németi Szentlászló Szerdahely Holy Spirit (3) Dédes* Porva* Szentlélek Uzsa Saint Lawrence (1) Szentlőrinc Saint Mary Magdalen (4) Elek Felnémet Jenő Kőkút Saint Margaret (1) Henye Holy Saviour (2) Baumgarten* Kőszeg Saint Michael (2) Toronyalja Vázsony Saint Nicholas (3) Buzgó Vállus Vetahida Saint Paul Hermit (1) Szentpál Saint Peter (2) Szentpéter Slat

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Table 8 Patron saints of the Pauline monasteries (cont.)

Patron saints Monasteries

Saint Sixtus (1) Veresmart* Saint Wolfgang (1) Bánfalva Saint Sigismund (2) Kisbaté* Verőce Holy Trinity (1) Szentháromság unknown (8) [Aybocz] Boldogkő Gatály Kenderes Patlan Szalánkemén Tarpa Tisztaberek

Table 9 Concordance of the numbers appearing on the Maps 2‒6 (pp. 167‒171)

Historical name Modern name

1. [Aybocz] – (between the Danube and the Fertő Lake) 2. Badacsony Badacsonytomaj, HU 3. Bajcs Nagytótfalu, HU 4. Bakonyszentjakab Sáska, HU 5. Bakva Spišić Bukovica, CR 6. Bánfalva Sopronbánfalva, HU 7. Baumgarten Baumgarten, AU 8. Beckó Beckov, SK 9. Bodrogszigete near Bački Monoštor, SR 10. Boldogasszonypáh Alsópáhok, HU 11. Boldogkő (Borzafő?) Bocşa Română (?), RO 12. Buzgó Budoi, RO 13. Csáktornya Šenkovec, CR 14. Család Veľké Lovce, SK 15. Csatka Csatka, HU 16. Csőt Budapest XXII, Háros-sziget, HU 17. Dédes Dédestapolcsány, HU 18. Diósgyőr Miskolc, Diósgyőr, HU

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Table 9 Concordance of the numbers appearing on the Maps 2‒6 (pp. 167‒171) (cont.)

Historical name Modern name

19. Dobra Kuća Dobra Kuća, CR 20. Dubica Bosanska Dubica, BiH 21. Edelstal Edelstal, AU 22. Elefánt Horné Lefantovce, SK 23. Elek(szigete) Zalacsány, HU 24. Enyere Óhíd, HU 25. Eszeny Yavorove, UKR 26. Fehéregyháza Budapest III, Aranyhegy, HU 27. Felnémet Eger, Felnémet, HU 28. Fülöpsziget Révfülöp, HU 29. Garić Mikleuška, Bela Crkva, CR 30. Gatály Gătaia, RO 31. Gombaszög Plešivec, SK 32. Gönc Gönc, HU 33. Gyulafehérvár Alba Iulia, RO 34. Hangony Hangony, HU 35. Háromhegy Martonyi, HU 36. Henye Balatonhenye, HU 37. [Idegsyt] – (north of Lake Balaton, HU) 38. Jenő Tüskevár, HU 39. Jofa Fughiu, RO 40. Kács Kács, HU 41. Kalodva Păuliş, RO 42. Kamensko Kamensko, CR 43. Kékes Pilisszentlászló, HU 44. Kenderes Kenderes, HU 45. Kisbaté Baté, HU 46. Kőkút Salföld, HU 47. Kőszeg Batina, CR

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Table 9 Concordance of the numbers appearing on the Maps 2‒6 (pp. 167‒171) (cont.)

Historical name Modern name

48. Lád Sajólád, HU 49. Lepoglava Lepoglava, CR 50. Mindszent Balatonszemes, HU 51. Monyorókerék Kulm, AU 52. Nagyfalu Nuşfalău, RO 53. Németi Hernádnémeti, HU 54. Nosztre Márianosztra, HU 55. Örményes Ligetfalva, HU 56. Patacs Pécs, Patacs, HU 57. Patlan – (around Țețchea, RO) 58. Pókafalva Păuca, RO 59. Porva Porva, HU 60. Pula Pula, HU 61. Regéc Óhuta, HU 62. Remete (Kis)Bereg Nizhni Remeti, UKR 63. Remete (Técső) Remeţi, RO 64. Ruszka Göncruszka, HU 65. Szakácsi Nagyszakácsi, HU 66. Szalánkemén Slankamen, SR 67. Szalónak Stadt Schleuning, AU 68. [Szentháromság] Regéc, HU 69. Szentjakab Pécs, Jakabhegy, HU 70. Szentjobb Sîniob, RO 71. Szentkereszt Kesztölc, HU 72. Szentkirály Sîncraiu de Mureş, RO 73. Szentlászló Birján, HU 74. Szentlélek Pilisszentlélek, HU 75. Szentlőrinc Budapest II, Szépjuhászné, HU 76. Szentmihályköve Tăuti, RO 77. Szentpál Somogydöröcske, HU

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Table 9 Concordance of the numbers appearing on the Maps 2‒6 (pp. 167‒171) (cont.)

Historical name Modern name

78. Szentpéter Pogányszentpéter, HU 79. Szerdahely Gálosfa, HU 80. Slat Slavsko Polje, CR 81. Streza Pavlin Kloštar, CR 82. Tarpasziget Tarpa, HU 83. Terebes Trebišov, SK 84. Thal Marianka, SK 85. Tisztaberek Tisztaberek, HU 86. Tokaj Tokaj, HU 87. Told Karád, HU 88. Toronyalja Kóspallag, HU 89. Újház Kurityán, HU 90. Újhely Sátoraljaújhely, HU 91. Ungvár Uzhhorod, UKR 92. Uzsa Lesenceistvándi, HU 93. Vajdaháza Voivodeni, RO 94. Vállus Vállus, HU 95. Váradhegyfok Oradea, RO 96. Várad-Kápolna Oradea, RO 97. Vázsony Nagyvázsony, HU 98. Veresmart Pálosvörösmart, HU 99. Verőce Kisoroszi, HU 100. Vetahida Lengyeltóti, HU 101. Villye Vovkove, UKR 102. Visegrád Visegrád, HU 103. Zagreb, Remete Zagreb, Remete, CR 104. Zsámbék Zsámbék, HU

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Table 9 Concordance of the numbers appearing on the Maps 2‒6 (pp. 167‒171) (cont.)

Historical name Modern name

Croatian and Austrian monasteries 105. Crikvenica Crikvenica, CR 106. Gvozd Gvozd, CR 107. Novi Novi Vinodolski, CR 108. Zengg Senj, CR 109. Zengg Senj, CR 110. Wiener Neustadt Wiener Neustadt, AU

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Maps 1‒6 Pauline monasteries in the Medieval Kingdom of Kingdom in the Medieval monasteries Hungary Pauline Map 1

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Beatrix F. Romhányi - 9789004424760 Downloaded from Brill.com10/05/2021 10:59:38PM via free access APPENDIX 2 ‒ MAP 6 171 mid -16th century) century‒ ( mid -13th monasteries - lived Short Map 6

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Table 10 The size of Pauline monasteries (see ground plans, Figs. 1‒40)

Monastery Presumed number of monks

(Bakony)szentjakab 10–12 Csáktornya 8–10 Csatka 10–12 Dédes 10–12 Diósgyőr 4–6 Dobra Kuća 10–12 Elefánt 18–20 Felnémet 10–12 Garić 8–10 (?) Gombaszög 10–12 Gönc 10–12 Háromhegy 10–12 Jenő 10–12 Kamensko 18–20 Kőkút 10–12 Lepoglava 18–20 Mindszent 10–12 Nosztre 18–20 Porva 4–6 Pula 8–10 Regéc 4–6 Slat 4–6 Streza 10–12 Szentjakab, 1st phase 4–6 Szentjakab, 2nd phase 10–12 Szentkereszt 12–14 Szentlélek 6–8 Szentlőrinc, 1st phase 10–12 Szentlőrinc, 2nd phase 22–24 / Szentlőrinc, 3rd phase 48–50 Szentpál 4–6 Szentpéter 6–8 Thal 10–12

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Table 10 The size of Pauline monasteries (see ground plans, Figs. 1‒40) (cont.)

Monastery Presumed number of monks

Toronyalja, 1st phase 4–6 Toronyalja, 2nd phase 10–12 Újház 10–12 Újhely 18–20 Uzsa 10–12 Vázsony 10–12 Zagreb-Remete 18–20

Documented Ground Plans of Pauline Monasteries

All ground plans are adapted from Guzsik, A pálos rend építészete a középko- ri Magyarországon, unless otherwise stated. They were all re-drawn by Réka Fülöpp.

Figure 1 Ground plan of the monastery of Bánfalva

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Figure 2 Ground plan of the monastery of Baumgarten

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Figure 3 Ground plan of the monastery of Csáktornya (Šenkovec) with the medieval parts (Tajana Pleše)

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Figure 4 Ground plan of the monastery of Csatka

Figure 5 Ground plan of the monastery of Dédes

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Figure 6 Ground plan of the monastery of Diósgyőr in the eighteenth century

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Figure 7 Ground plan of the monastery of Dobra Kuća

Figure 8 Ground plan of the monastery of Elefánt (Lefantovce)

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Figure 9 Ground plan of the monastery of Fehéregyháza

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Figure 10 Ground plan and environment of the monastery of Felnémet (László Fodor)

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Figure 11 Ground plan sketch of the monastery of Garić (Tajana Pleše)

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Figure 12 Ground plan of the church of Gönc and the geophysical survey of the cloister (Károly Belényesy)

Figure 13 Ground plan of the monastery of Háromhegy (Róbert Fülöpp)

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Figure 14 Ground plan of the monastery of Jenő

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Figure 15 Ground plan of the monastery of Kamensko with the medieval parts (Tajana Pleše)

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Figure 16 Ground plan of the choir of the church in Kulm

Figure 17 Ground plan of the monastery of Lád

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Figure 18 Ground plan of the monastery of Lepoglava with the medieval parts (Tajana Pleše)

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Figure 19 Ground plan of the monastery of Mindszent

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Figure 20 Ground plan of the church of Nosztre with the medieval parts (Lajos Bozóki)

Figure 21 Ground plan of the church of Porva

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Figure 22 Ground plan of the monastery of Pula

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Figure 23 Ground plan of the monastery of Salföld (Ilona Sch. Pusztai)

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Figure 24 Ground plan of the church and of the remains of the monastery of Szalónak (Stadtschlaining) (Dehio Handbuch Burgenland 1980)

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Figure 25 Ground plan of the monastery of Szentjakab (Jakabhegy) with the medieval remains (Gergely Buzás)

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Figure 26 Reconstructed ground plan of the monastery of Szentjakab near Sáska

Figure 27 Ground plan of the church of Szentkereszt near Kesztölc

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Figure 28 Ground plan of the monastery of Szentlélek (Sarolta Lázár)

figure 29 a Early-fourteenth century Figure 29 a-c The building phases of the church of Szentlőrinc near Buda (Zoltán Bencze, Róbert Fülöpp)

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figure 29 b Late-fourteenth century

figure 29 c Early-sixteenth century

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Figure 30 Ground plan of the monastery of Szentpéter

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Figure 31 Reconstructed ground plan of the hermitage of Slat (Tajana Pleše)

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Figure 32 Ground plan of the monastic church of Streza (Tajana Pleše)

Figure 33 Ground plan of the church of Thal (Marianka)

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Figure 34 Ground plan of the monastery of Toronyalja (Zsuzsa Miklós)

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Figure 35 Ground plan of the monastery of Újház

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Figure 36 Ground plan of the monastery of Újhely with the Baroque parts

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FIGURE 37 Ground plan of the monastery of Uzsa (Published in Guzsik, A palos rend epiteszete a kozepkori Magyarorszagon, based on a sketch by Iván Ádám; Franciscan period.)

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FIGURE 38 Presumed ground plan of the monastery of Vállus

Figure 39 Ground plan of the monastery of Vázsony

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Figure 40 The Saint Andrew’s monastery of Visegrád at the end of the fifteenth century (Ottó Sztéhlo)

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