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Nutrition and Oral Health: a Resource Guide Nutrition and Oral Health A Resource Guide Prepared by Ruth Barzel, M.A. Katrina Holt, M.P.H., M.S., R.D., FAND Cite as Holt K, Barzel R, eds. 2020. Nutrition and Oral Permission is given to photocopy this publication Health: A Resource Guide. Washington, DC: or to forward it, in its entirety, to others. Requests National Maternal and Child Oral Health for permission to use all or part of the information Resource Center. contained in this publication in other ways should be sent to the address below. Nutrition and Oral Health: A Resource Guide © 2020 by National Maternal and Child Oral National Maternal and Child Oral Health Health Resource Center, Georgetown University Resource Center Georgetown University This publication was supported by the Health Box 571272 Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) of Washington, DC 20057-1272 the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (202) 784-9771 (HHS) as part of an award totaling $1,000,000 with E-mail: [email protected] no funding from nongovernmental sources. This Website: www.mchoralhealth.org information or content and conclusions are those of the author and should not be construed as the official policy of HRSA, HHS, or the U.S. govern- ment, nor should any endorsements be inferred. Contents Introduction ............................... 3 Acknowledgments .......................... 4 Materials .................................. 5 Data and Surveillance ..................... 6 Policy ...............................6 Professional Education and Training ........8 Public Education ......................10 Organizations ............................. 17 Introduction The National Maternal and Child Oral Health Guidelines for Americans emphasize consuming Resource Center (OHRC) developed Nutrition less than 10 percent of calories per day from and Oral Health: A Resource Guide to provide added sugars.2 In addition, the World Health information to assist health professionals, pro- Organization recommends reducing the intake gram administrators, educators, parents, and of sugar to less than 10 percent of total energy others in promoting good eating and oral health intake and, to reduce children’s risk for weight practices to help prevent oral disease in pregnant gain and dental caries, limiting the intake of women, infants, children, and adolescents. sugar to less than 5 percent of total energy intake per day (less than 16 grams of sugar for Nutrition and oral health are interrelated. children ages 4–8).3 Additionally, the American Nutrition and diet can affect overall health and Heart Association recommends reducing sugar well-being as well as the development and consumption in children and adolescents to less integrity of the oral cavity and the progression of than 25 grams of added sugar per day.4 oral diseases. Likewise, oral disease impacts the ability to eat and nutrition status. Caries-causing The resource guide is divided into two sections. bacteria in the mouth use sugar in food to make The first section describes materials, such as acid that can break down tooth surfaces and brochures, fact sheets, guidelines, curricula, and create tooth decay (dental caries). Establishment reports published from 2016 through 2019 as well of a dental home promotes individualized as seminal resources published before 2016. The caries-preventive strategies, including dietary second section lists federal agencies, national recommendations and appropriate oral hygiene professional associations, resource centers, and instruction, as the primary teeth begin to erupt.1 national coalitions that may serve as resources. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Our intent is to share resources that are useful Services and the U.S. Department of Agriculture and that represent current science and practice. develop dietary guidelines every 5 years to help For further information, we encourage you to Americans ages 2 and older make healthy food contact the organizations listed. Your state and choices to help prevent chronic disease and local departments of health, state and local oral- enjoy a healthy diet. The 2015 –2020 Dietary health-related associations and societies, state or NUTRITION AND ORAL HEALTH: A RESOURCE GUIDE 3 local oral health coalitions, and university-based 3. World Health Organization. 2015. Guideline: Sugars libraries are additional sources of information. Intake for Adults and Children. Geneva, Switzerland: OHRC will update the resource guide periodi- World Health Organization. http://apps.who.int/iris/ cally, and we would appreciate hearing from bitstream/10665/149782/1/9789241549028_eng.pdf?ua=1 you if you know of any relevant resources that 4. Vos MB, Kaar JL, Welsh JA, Van Horn LV, Feig DI, are not included in this edition. Anderson CAM, Patel MJ, Cruz Munos J, Krebs NF, Xanthakos SA, Johnson RK; American Heart Associa- tion Nutrition Committee of the Council on Lifestyle References and Cardiometabolic Health; Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Cardiovascular Disease in 1. American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. 2018. Policy the Young; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke on the dental home. Pediatric Dentistry. www.aapd. Nursing; Council on Epidemiology and Prevention; org/media/Policies_Guidelines/P_DentalHome.pdf Council on Functional Genomics and Translational 2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2010. Biology; and Council on Hypertension. 2017. Added The CDC Guide to Strategies for Reducing the Con- sugars and cardiovascular disease risk in children: sumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages. Atlanta, GA: A scientific statement from the American Heart Asso- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https:// ciation. Circulation 135(19):e1017–e1034. www.aha stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/51532 journals.org/doi/full/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000439 Acknowledgments The following National Maternal and Child Oral we are grateful to the following individuals Health Resource Center staff members assisted for reviewing the resource guide: Lori Cofano, in the development of this publication: Beth Lauren Neufeld, Sandy Tesch, Pamella Vodicka, Lowe, Sarah Kolo, and Olivia Pickett. In addition, and Julia Wacloff. NUTRITION AND ORAL HEALTH: A RESOURCE GUIDE 4 Materials Materials FEEDING INFANTS AND YOUNG Data and Surveillance TODDLERS: USING THE LATEST EVIDENCE IN WIC SETTINGS DENTAL HEALTH MATTERS This brief summarizes feeding guidelines for This infographic focuses on the oral health status pregnant women and infants and children from of children and adolescents in South Dakota. birth to age 2 that are relevant to the Special Sup- Topics include untreated tooth decay in children plemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, ages 6–8 in South Dakota compared to the U.S. and Children (WIC). Topics include WIC services population and ways to prevent tooth decay, the and an overview of the feeding guidelines. The number of high school students who have missed applications of the feeding guidelines in the WIC school because of problems with their teeth or setting, including staff training on the guidelines, mouths, the percentage of students in third grade participant education, and breastfeeding support, who have not visited the dentist in the past 12 are also discussed. months, and the percentage of children who do not have dental sealants. Information about Whaley S, Perez-Escamilla R, Segura-Perez S, healthy behaviors and using products containing Lott M. 2017. Feeding Infants and Young Todd- fluoride is also provided. lers: Using the Latest Evidence in WIC Settings. Durham, NC: Healthy Eating Research. 19 pp. South Dakota Department of Health. 2016. Dental http://healthyeatingresearch.org/wp-content/ Health Matters. Pierre, SD: South Dakota Depart- uploads/2017/05/her_wic_051817-FINAL.pdf ment of Health. 1 p. http://doh.sd.gov/documents/ statistics/YRBS_Oral_Health.pdf HEALTHY BEVERAGE CONSUMPTION IN EARLY CHILDHOOD: Policy RECOMMENDATIONS FROM KEY NATIONAL HEALTH AND NUTRITION FEEDING INFANTS AND YOUNG ORGANIZATIONS—CONSENSUS TODDLERS: USING THE LATEST STATEMENT EVIDENCE IN CHILD-CARE SETTINGS This consensus statement provides evidence-based recommendations on beverage consumption for This brief summarizes evidence for promoting infants and children from birth to age 5. The doc- healthy nutrition in early care and education set- ument includes definitions of beverage types and tings. Topics include breastfeeding, shaping food describes the process for developing the recom- preferences among infants and toddlers, the role mendations. It offers information about beverages of the feeding environment and responsive feed- that are best for infants and children, beverages ing, introducing infants to complementary foods, to limit, and beverages to avoid. For each bever- and recognizing infants’ and toddlers’ hunger and age, recommended amounts to give infants and fullness cues. Feeding strategies to reduce the children of different ages are provided. likelihood that children will develop tooth decay are provided. Policy and practice implications are Healthy Eating Research. 2019. Healthy Bever- included. age Consumption in Early Childhood: Recom- mendations from Key National Health and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. 2017. Feed- Nutrition Organizations —Consensus Statement. ing Infants and Young Toddlers: Using the Latest Durham, NC: Healthy Eating Research. 15 pp. Evidence in Child-Care Settings. Princeton, https://healthyeatingresearch.org/wp-content/ NJ: Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. 21 pp. uploads/2019/09/HER-HealthyBeverage-Consen- http://healthyeatingresearch.org/wp-content/
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