From Leaf to Continent: the Multi-Scale Distribution of an Invasive Cryptic Pathogen Complex on Oak
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Recently Introduced Diseases of Ornamental Plants Gardens Are Being Increasingly Exposed to New Diseases, Principally Due to Globalization of Plant Trade
horticultural science Recently introduced diseases of ornamental plants Gardens are being increasingly exposed to new diseases, principally due to globalization of plant trade. Béatrice Henricot surveys the most significant introductions he main reasons for One key question is whether new and infamous examples include increased risks of introducing we are recording more new diseases potato blight in the 19th century and Tpathogens into any country than in the past as a result of these Dutch elm disease in the late 1960s. are globalization of trade and travel, factors. A study carried out by Jones More recently, gardeners have had evolutionary change of plant patho & Baker (2007) indicated that the to deal with box blight and new gens, and climate change and in part numbers of new or important species of Phytophthora such as icular its effect on insects as disease pathogens estab lishing in the UK P. ramorum and P. kernoviae. vectors (Waage et al. 2007). Global during the period 1970–2004 are This article will look at diseases ization is probably the main driver of not increasing. A total of 234 new which have recently been found increased risk of intro ducing plant pathogens were recorded during that in gardens in the UK. Cases mainly pathogens in the future and this has period and were mainly associated come from the RHS advisory been well documented (Brasier 2005, with ornamental plants (as opposed records since 1998 with some Henricot & Gorton 2005, Ingram to horticultural crops, wild native additions taken from the online 2005, Brasier 2008). Pathogen evol species, agricult ural crops, pasture journal New Disease Reports (www. -
Preliminary Classification of Leotiomycetes
Mycosphere 10(1): 310–489 (2019) www.mycosphere.org ISSN 2077 7019 Article Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/10/1/7 Preliminary classification of Leotiomycetes Ekanayaka AH1,2, Hyde KD1,2, Gentekaki E2,3, McKenzie EHC4, Zhao Q1,*, Bulgakov TS5, Camporesi E6,7 1Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China 2Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand 3School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand 4Landcare Research Manaaki Whenua, Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New Zealand 5Russian Research Institute of Floriculture and Subtropical Crops, 2/28 Yana Fabritsiusa Street, Sochi 354002, Krasnodar region, Russia 6A.M.B. Gruppo Micologico Forlivese “Antonio Cicognani”, Via Roma 18, Forlì, Italy. 7A.M.B. Circolo Micologico “Giovanni Carini”, C.P. 314 Brescia, Italy. Ekanayaka AH, Hyde KD, Gentekaki E, McKenzie EHC, Zhao Q, Bulgakov TS, Camporesi E 2019 – Preliminary classification of Leotiomycetes. Mycosphere 10(1), 310–489, Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/10/1/7 Abstract Leotiomycetes is regarded as the inoperculate class of discomycetes within the phylum Ascomycota. Taxa are mainly characterized by asci with a simple pore blueing in Melzer’s reagent, although some taxa have lost this character. The monophyly of this class has been verified in several recent molecular studies. However, circumscription of the orders, families and generic level delimitation are still unsettled. This paper provides a modified backbone tree for the class Leotiomycetes based on phylogenetic analysis of combined ITS, LSU, SSU, TEF, and RPB2 loci. In the phylogenetic analysis, Leotiomycetes separates into 19 clades, which can be recognized as orders and order-level clades. -
Hyperparasites of Erysiphales Fungi in the Urban Environment
POLISH JOURNAL OF NATURAL SCIENCES Abbrev.: Pol. J. Natur. Sc., Vol 27(3): 289–299, Y. 2012 HYPERPARASITES OF ERYSIPHALES FUNGI IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT Ewa Sucharzewska, Maria Dynowska, Elżbieta Ejdys, Anna Biedunkiewicz, Dariusz Kubiak Department of Mycology University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn Key words: Ampelomyces, hyperparasites, fungicolous fungi, powdery mildew, transport pollu- tion effects, anthropopressure. Abstract This manuscript presents data on the occurrence of hyperparasitic fungi colonizing the mycelium of selected species of Erysiphales: Erysiphe alphitoides, E. hypophylla, E. palczewskii, Golovinomyces sordidus, Podosphaera fusca and Sawadaea tulasnei in the urban environment. In the paper the effect of hyperparasites on the development of fungal hosts at diversified level of transport pollution is emphasized. Over a three-years experiment, the presence of hyperparasites was confirmed on all analyzed Erysiphales species, with prevailing species from the genus Ampelomyces. The representa- tives of other genera: Alternaria, Aureobasidium, Cladosporium, Stemphylium and Tripospermum were also observed on mycelium of E. alphitoides and E. palczewskii. The hyperparasites occurred only on stations situated at the main roads were found not to affect the extent of plant infection by fungi of the order Erysiphales, but reduced the number of chasmothecia. NADPASOŻYTY GRZYBÓW Z RZĘDU ERYSIPHALES W ŚRODOWISKU MIEJSKIM Ewa Sucharzewska, Maria Dynowska, Elżbieta Ejdys, Anna Biedunkiewicz, Dariusz Kubiak Katedra Mykologii Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie Słowa kluczowe: Ampelomyces, nadpasożyty, mączniaki prawdziwe, zanieczyszczenia komunikacyjne, antropopresja. Address: Ewa Sucharzewska, University of Warmia and Mazury, ul. Michała Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland, phone: +48 (89) 523 42 98, e-mail: [email protected] 290 Ewa Sucharzewska et al. -
Nisan 2013-2.Cdr
Ekim(2013)4(2)35-45 11.06.2013 21.10.2013 The powdery mildews of Kıbrıs Village Valley (Ankara, Turkey) Tuğba EKİCİ1 , Makbule ERDOĞDU2, Zeki AYTAÇ1 , Zekiye SULUDERE1 1Gazi University,Faculty of Science , Department of Biology, Teknikokullar, Ankara-TURKEY 2Ahi Evran University,Faculty of Science and Literature , Department of Biology, Kırsehir-TURKEY Abstract:A search for powdery mildews present in Kıbrıs Village Valley (Ankara,Turkey) was carried out during the period 2009-2010. A total of ten fungal taxa of powdery mildews was observed: Erysiphe alphitoides (Griffon & Maubl.) U. Braun & S. Takam., E. buhrii U. Braun , E. heraclei DC. , E. lycopsidisR.Y. Zheng & G.Q. Chen , E. pisi DC. var . pisi, E. pisi DC. var. cruchetiana (S. Blumer) U. Braun, E. polygoni DC., Leveillula taurica (Lév.) G. Arnaud , Phyllactinia guttata (Wallr.) Lév. and P. mali (Duby) U. Braun. They were determined as the causal agents of powdery mildew on 13 host plant species.Rubus sanctus Schreber. for Phyllactinia mali (Duby) U. Braun is reported as new host plant. Microscopic data obtained by light and scanning electron microscopy of identified fungi are presented. Key words: Erysiphales, NTew host, axonomy, Turkey Kıbrıs Köyü Vadisi' nin (Ankara, Türkiye) Külleme Mantarları Özet:Kıbrıs Köyü Vadisi' nde (Ankara, Türkiye) bulunan külleme mantarlarının araştırılması 2009-2010 yıllarında yapılmıştır. Külleme mantarlarına ait toplam 10taxa tespit edilmiştir: Erysiphe alphitoides (Griffon & Maubl.) U. Braun & S. Takam., E. buhrii U. Braun , E. heraclei DC. , E. lycopsidis R.Y. Zheng & G.Q. Chen, E. pisi DC. var . pisi, E. pisi DC. var. cruchetiana (S. Blumer) U. Braun , E. polygoniDC ., Leveillula taurica (Lév.) G. -
Erysiphaceae) from Europe with Special Emphasis on Switzerland
Österr. Z. Pilzk. 28 („2019“ 2021) – Austrian J. Mycol. 28 („2019“ 2021) 131 New species, new records and first sequence data of powdery mildews (Erysiphaceae) from Europe with special emphasis on Switzerland ADRIEN BOLAY PHILIPPE CLERC 7, ch. de Bonmont Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques CH-1260 Nyon, Switzerland de la Ville de Genève E-mail: [email protected] CP. 71 CH-1292 Chambéry, Switzerland E-mail: [email protected] UWE BRAUN MONIKA GÖTZ Martin-Luther-Universität, Institut für Biologie Institut für Pflanzenschutz in Gartenbau Bereich Geobotanik und Botanischer Garten Her- und Forst, Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI) barium, Neuwerk 21 Bundesforschungsinstitut für Kultur- 06099 Halle (Saale), Germany Pflanzen E-mail: [email protected] Messeweg 11/12 38104 Braunschweig, Germany E-mail: [email protected] SUSUMU TAKAMATSU Graduate School of Bioresources Mie University 1577 Kurima-machiya Tsu Mie 514–8507, Japan E-mail: [email protected] Accepted 9. March 2021. © Austrian Mycological Society, published online 10. March 2021 BOLAY, A., CLERC, P., BRAUN, U., GÖTZ, M., TAKAMATSU, S., (“2019”) 2021: New species, new records and first sequence data of powdery mildews (Erysiphaceae) from Europe with special emphasis on Switzerland. – Österr. Z. Pilzk. 28: 131–160. Key words: Ascomycota, Helotiales, Erysiphe abeliana, Phyllactinia cruchetii, sp. nov., taxonomy, new records. – Swiss mycota. – 2 new species, 1 epitype. Abstract: New records of powdery mildews (Erysiphaceae) from Switzerland and adjacent countries are listed and annotated, including first records of multiple host plants worldwide. The collections con- cerned are described, illustrated, discussed, and some identifications have been confirmed by results of sequencing (ITS + 28S rDNA). -
European Oak Powdery Mildew: Impact on Trees, Effects of Environmental Factors, and Potential Effects of Climate Change Benoit Marçais, Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau
European oak powdery mildew: impact on trees, effects of environmental factors, and potential effects of climate change Benoit Marçais, Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau To cite this version: Benoit Marçais, Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau. European oak powdery mildew: impact on trees, effects of environmental factors, and potential effects of climate change. Annals of Forest Science, Springer Nature (since 2011)/EDP Science (until 2010), 2014, 71 (6), pp.633-642. 10.1007/s13595- 012-0252-x. hal-01102701 HAL Id: hal-01102701 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01102701 Submitted on 13 Jan 2015 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License Annals of Forest Science (2014) 71:633–642 DOI 10.1007/s13595-012-0252-x REVIEW PAPER European oak powdery mildew: impact on trees, effects of environmental factors, and potential effects of climate change Benoit Marçais & Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau Received: 19 April 2012 /Accepted: 6 November 2012 /Published online: 18 December 2012 # The Author(s) 2012. This article is published with open access at SpringerLink.com Abstract mature trees. Climate change might influence the disease sever- • Context Powdery mildew is one of the most common ity mainly by altering the host pathogen phenological synchro- diseases of oaks in Europe. -
Relationships Between Oak Powdery Mildew Incidence and Severity and Commensal Fungi
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Central Archive at the University of Reading Relationships between Oak powdery mildew incidence and severity and commensal fungi Article Accepted Version Topalidou, E. T. and Shaw, M. W. (2016) Relationships between Oak powdery mildew incidence and severity and commensal fungi. Forest Pathology, 46 (2). pp. 104-115. ISSN 1437-4781 doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/efp.12218 Available at http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/40652/ It is advisable to refer to the publisher's version if you intend to cite from the work. To link to this article DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/efp.12218 Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell All outputs in CentAUR are protected by Intellectual Property Rights law, including copyright law. Copyright and IPR is retained by the creators or other copyright holders. Terms and conditions for use of this material are defined in the End User Agreement . www.reading.ac.uk/centaur CentAUR Central Archive at the University of Reading Reading's research outputs online 1 Relationships between Oak powdery mildew incidence and severity and commensal fungi. Eleni T. Topalidou a,b and Michael W. Shaw a aSchool of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Lyle Tower, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AS, UK. b Hellenic Agricultural Organization “DEMETER”, Forest Research Institute, Thessaloniki, GR-57006 Vassilika, GREECE a Correspondence should be addressed to: [email protected] , [email protected] Keywords: powdery mildew, commensal fungi, interacting fungi, Erysiphe alphitoides 2 Summary Oak ( Quercus robur ) powdery mildew is a common and damaging fungal disease. -
The Spread of Fungi Erysiphaceae Tul. & C. Tul
Acta Biol. Univ. Daugavp. 17 (1) 2017 ISSN 1407 - 8953 THE SPREAD OF FUNGI ERYSIPHACEAE TUL. & C. TUL ON THE WOODY PLANTS AT THE CITY GREEN PLANTATIONS IN LITHUANIA Antanina Stankevičienė Stankevičienė A. 2017. The spread of fungi Erysiphaceae Tul. & C. Tul on the woody plants at the city green plantations in Lithuania. Acta Biol. Univ. Daugavp., 17 (1): 107 – 114. The aim of our work: to identify Erysiphaceae species injuring ornamental woody plants at city plantations and their spread in Lithuania. During 2009–2016 agents of powdery mildew at city green plantations were monitored, Alytus city was taken as a model. There were evaluated ornamental plants growing at protective street areas and recreational plantations: 35 genus, 48 species, 11 varieties. Powdery mildew fungi, the agent of leaf diseases, were detected at street plantations: 3 genus, 5 species and at recreational plantations – fungi of 3 genus and 9 species. Powdery mildew mostly injures plants of Quercus L., Acer L., Berberis L., etc. genus. During the research period mostly violent were Erysiphe R. Hedw. ex DC. genus powdery mildew agents: E. alphitoides, E. berberidis, E. euonymi, E. flexuosa, E. penicillata, E. palczewskii and E. syringae. At recreational plantations fungi Sawadaea bicornis has injured Acer ginnala most severely (average grade of injury – 3.33±0.4), less sever S. tulasnei was on Acer platanoides (grade 1–3.3). Podosphaera pannosa injured Rosa spp., injury grade 1.27±0.03–1.54±0.03. There were detected Phyllactinia fraxini, rare species in Lithuania, which have injured Fraxinus exelsior L. by 1.17±0.95 in 2012 and in 2013 – by 1.5±0.84. -
FACOLTÁ DI AGRARIA Dipartimento Di Scienze Agrarie (Dipsa)
Alma Mater Studiorum – Università degli Studi di Bologna FACOLTÁ DI AGRARIA Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie (DipSA) DOTTORATO DI RICERCA IN ECOLOGIA MICROBICA E PATOLOGIA VEGETALE Ciclo XXV° Settore/i scientifico-disciplinare/i di afferenza: AGR/12 PATOLOGIA VEGETALE TITOLO TESI: Epidemiology and population genetics of Podosphaera fusca and Golovinomyces orontii, causal agents of cucurbit powdery mildew Presentata da: Alessandro Pirondi Coordinatore dottorato Tutor e relatore Prof. Paolo Bertolini Prof. Agostino Brunelli Correlatore Prof. Alejandro Pérez-García Esame finale anno 2013 2 to Beatrice and Nerina 3 4 “I tell young people: Do not think of yourself, think of others. Think of the future that awaits you, think about what you can do and do not fear anything.” Rita Levi Montalcini 5 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS GENERAL INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 9 1. Importance and origin of cultivated cucurbits ........................................................... 9 2. Cucurbit powdery mildew disease ........................................................................... 10 2.1 Taxonomy and host range ................................................................................. 12 2.2 Biology ............................................................................................................. 13 2.3 Life cycle and epidemiology ............................................................................. 18 2.4 Ecological requirements ................................................................................... -
Published Version
Factsheet Neomyceten Eidg. Forschungsanstalt für Wald, Schnee und Landschaft WSL swissFungi.wsl.ch Eichenmehltau Erysiphe alphitoides (Griffon & Maubl.) U. Braun & S. Takam. (Familie: Erysiphaceae) Synonyme: Microsphaera alphitoides Griffon & Maubl. Erysiphe hypophylla (Nevod.) U. Braun & Cunningt. (Familie: Erysiphaceae) Synonyme: Microsphaera hypophylla Nevod. Erysiphe quercicola S. Takam. & U. Braun (Familie: Erysiphaceae) Jonas Brännhage und Andrin Gross Eichenmehltau zählt zu den häufigsten Eichenkrankheiten Europas. Tatsächlich handelt es sich um drei verschiedene, sehr ähnliche Pilzarten, die unabhängig voneinander aus Asien nach Euro- pa eingeschleppt wurden. Auch wenn die durch Eichenmehltau ausgelösten Blattsymptome oft- mals gravierend aussehen, stellt die Erkrankung meist nur in Kombination mit anderen Faktoren eine Bedrohung für die Eichen dar. Erysiphe alphitoides (Foto: Julia Kruse) Verbreitung von Erysiphe alphitoides in der Schweiz Erysiphe hypophylla (Foto: Julia Kruse) Verbreitung von Erysiphe hypophylla in der Schweiz Factsheet Neomyceten – Eichenmehltau – SwissFungi 2020 Merkmale und Symptome Verbreitung Die Eichenmehltau-Symptome an den Blättern können Die genaue Herkunft der heute praktisch weltweit ver- sehr auffällig sein und stark befallene Eichen erkennt breiteten Eichenmehltaue ist noch nicht vollständig man bereits von Weitem an ihrer weisslichen Farbe. geklärt. Aufgrund der asiatischen Verbreitung weite- Ebenso kann es an den Blättern zu braunen Flecken, rer, bei uns nicht vorkommenden, Eichenmehltauar- Blattdeformationen (z. B. Einrollen), vorzeitigem Blatt- ten, wird auch für die in Europa eingeschleppten Arten fall (bes. in Eichenjungwuchs) und Absterben der Trie- Asien als Ursprungskontinent vermutet. be kommen. Jungeichen sind besonders betroffen Interessanterweise zeigen die Eichenmehltaue in und werden oft im Wachstum geschwächt. Befallene Europa unterschiedliche Verbreitungsgebiete. E. alphi- Sämlinge können ganz absterben. Die Symptomatik toides ist in ganz Europa verbreitet und fast überall von E. -
Miscellaneous Notes on Some Powdery Mildew Fungi 91
BRAUN et al.: Miscellaneous notes on some powdery mildew fungi 91 Miscellaneous notes on some powdery mildew fungi Uwe BRAUN, James H. CUNNINGTON, Ulrike BRIELMAIER-LIEBETANZ, Nosratolla ALE-AGHA & Vasyl HELUTA Abstract: BRAUN, U. et al. 2003: Miscellaneous notes on some powdery mildew fungi. Schlechten- dalia 10: 91–95. The taxonomy and nomenclature of Microsphaera americana, M. hypophylla and M. sinensis are discussed, the new name Erysiphe castanei (≡ Microsphaera americana) and the new combinations E. hypophylla and E. sinensis are introduced. The first collection of ascomata onErica gracilis is recorded, proving that Oidium ericinum is the anamorph of Erysiphe (Microsphaera) azaleae. Furthermore, collections of Oidium kalanchoës on Crassula ovata, Erysiphe necator on Cissus rhombifolius and Erysiphe (Microsphaera) species on Acer are recorded and discussed. Microsphaera aceris proved to be based on ascomata of Erysiphe (Microsphaera) syringae-japonicae blown onto the host leaves, and other collections of Erysiphe (Microsphaera) species from Acer were shown to be Erysiphe (Mi- crosphaera) alphitoides. Zusammenfassung: BRAUN, U. et al. 2003: Vermischte Anmerkungen zu einigen Mehltaupilzen. Schlechtendalia 10: 91–95. Taxonomie und Nomenklatur von Microsphaera americana, M. hypophylla und M. sinensis werden diskutiert und der neue Name Erysiphe castanei (≡ Microsphaera americana) und die neuen Kom- binationen E. hypophylla und E. sinensis werden eingeführt. Der erste Fund von Fruchtkörpern auf Erica gracilis wird beschrieben, der beweist, dass Oidium ericinum als Anamorphe von Erysiphe (Microsphaera) azaleae betrachtet werden muss. Weiterhin werden Funde von Oidium kalanchoës auf Crassula ovata, Erysiphe necator auf Cissus rhombifolius und Erysiphe (Microsphaera) -Arten auf Acer berichtet und diskutiert. Es hat sich herausgestellt, dass Microsphaera aceris auf Fruchtkörper von Erysiphe (Microsphaera) syringae-japonicae basierte, die auf die Wirtsblätter aufgeweht waren. -
Some New Records and New Species of Powdery Mildew Fungi from Mexico
47 Some new records and new species of powdery mildew fungi from Mexico María de Jesús Yáñez-Morales, Uwe Braun, Andrew M. Minnis & Juan Manuel Tovar-Pedraza Abstract: Yáñez-Morales, Ma. de Jesús, Braun, U., Minnis, A.M. & Tovar-Pedraza, J.M. 2009: Some new records and new species of powdery mildew fungi from Mexico. Schlechtendalia 19: 47– 61. Numerous specimens of powdery mildew fungi have recently been collected in Mexico, including some new records and new hosts. Oidium elytrariae sp. nov. on Elytraria imbricata and O. poinsettiae sp. nov. on Euphorbia pulcherrima are described. Pachyrhizus erosus is a new host of Erysiphe dif- fusa (with chasmothecia). Neoerysiphe cumminsiana has been observed on the new hosts Dahlia sp. (with chasmothecia), Ageratina adenophora (anamorph), Galinsoga parviflora (with chasmothecia), Tagetes erecta (anamorph) and Viguiera helianthoides (with chasmothecia). Zusammenfassung: Yáñez-Morales, Ma. de Jesús, Braun, U., Minnis, A.M. & Tovar-Pedraza, J.M. 2009: Einige neue Angaben und neue Arten von Mehltaupilzen aus Mexiko. Schlechtendalia 19: 47– 61. Zahlreiche Kollektionen von Mehltaupilzen sind unlängst in Mexiko gesammelt worden, einschließlich einiger Neufunde und neuer Wirte. Die neuen Arten Oidium elytrariae auf Elytraria imbricata und O. poinsettiae auf Euphorbia pulcherrima werden beschrieben. Pachyrhizus erosus ist ein neuer Wirt von Erysiphe diffusa (mit Chasmothecien). Neoerysiphe cumminsiana wurde auf den neuen Wirten Dahlia sp. (mit Chasmothecien), Ageratina adenophora (Anamorphe), Galinsoga parviflora (mit Chasmothecien), Tagetes erecta (Anamorphe) und Viguiera helianthoides (mit Chasmothecien) ge- funden. Key words: Ascomycota, Erysiphales, North America, Oidium elytrariae, O. poinsettiae. The powdery mildew fungi of Mexico are relatively poorly known. A comprehen- sive treatment or survey of Mexican species of this important group that causes plant diseases does not yet exist.