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Annual Report 2017 2 | Annual Report 2017
ANNUAL REPORT 2017 2 | ANNUAL REPORT 2017 FROM THE DIRECTOR 4 EXCERPT FROM THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS’ REPORT 2017 5 EDUCATIONAL QUALITY 10 STATISTICS 11 PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT 2017 12 BALANCE SHEET 31.12.2017 13 ARCTIC BIOLOGY 14 ARCTIC GEOLOGY 20 ARCTIC GEOPHYSICS 26 ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY 32 STUDENT COUNCIL 38 SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS 2017 42 GUEST LECTURERS 2017 50 Front page | May 2017: AT-331/831 Arctic Environmental Pollution fieldwork in Mohnbukta, on the east coast of Spitsbergen. Photo: Richard Hann/UNIS. Editor | Eva Therese Jenssen/UNIS. ANNUAL REPORT 2017 | 3 NY-ÅLESUND LONGYEARBYEN BARENTSBURG SVEA HORNSUND SVALBARD Front page | May 2017: AT-331/831 Arctic Environmental Pollution fieldwork in Mohnbukta, on the east coast of Spitsbergen. Photo: Richard Hann/UNIS. Photo: Aleksey Shestov/UNIS. Editor | Eva Therese Jenssen/UNIS. 4 | ANNUAL REPORT 2017 FROM THE DIRECTOR UNIS continued to experience growth in 2017. In all, 794 students from 45 nations attended courses and 59 master’s students worked on their theses. This equates During the year, UNIS was very involved in the process to 222.5 student-labour years, which is a new record. of preparing the basis for the government’s strategy Consequently, publicfor research in the andspring higher of 2 018.education Furthermore, in Svalbard. the Board The of 50% of the Directorsgovernment at UNISis expected has initiated to make a newthe new strategic strategy process students came 2017from wasprogrammes the first year of study we achieved at Norwegian the for the institution. The background for this decision are target of 220 student-labour years. Moreover, publicuniversities defences (Norwegian were held. -
Social Acceptance of the Energy Transition in Longyearbyen
WISEflow Europe/Oslo(CEST) 02 Jul 2021 UNIS AGF-353/853 Sustainable Arctic Energy Exploration and Development AGF-353 Predefinert informasjon Startdato: 18-06-2021 09:00 Termin: 2021 12 Sluttdato: 02-07-2021 15:00 Vurderingsform: Norsk 6-trinns skala (A-F) Eksamensform: Oral presentation and report Flowkode: 195 AGF-353 1 RPR1 2021 12 Intern sensor: Lars Henrik Smedsrud Deltaker Navn: Eline Schlichting Olsson Kandidatnr.: 1006 UNIS-Id: [email protected] Gruppe Gruppenavn: Gruppe 5 Gruppenummer: 4 Andre medlemmer i Oskar Vågerö gruppen: (Verde Energy, 2020) Social Acceptance of the Energy Transition in Longyearbyen Oskar Vågerö1 and Eline Olsson2 This is a student report handed in as a part of AGF-353/853, «Sustainable Artic Energy Exploration and Development» at UNIS 2. July 2021. Abstract Coal has been the primary source of electricity, heat and employment in Longyearbyen for over a hundred years. With climate change and decreasing prices of coal, the coal power plant will be phased out within the next few years. With this study, we wish to shed some light on diverging perspectives of the energy transition in Longyearbyen. From five semi-structured interviews we identified that there are four potential primary areas where social acceptance and public opinion is important. Our findings show that there is a concern of lost history and identity with the closure of the coal power plant and mine and that loss of employment may also lead to lost competence in the town. Among the different technologies, an intermediate transition to diesel is perceived confusing, while solar PV is more desirable than wind power despite its technical limitations. -
Icepeople Sweets, Salutes and Song
FREE icepeople The world's northernmost alternative newspaper Briefly Vol. 1, Issue 6 May 19, 2009 www.icepeople.net HEADLINES STOLEN FROM SVALBARDPOSTEN More ship accidents in store? Two arrested after grounded southern coast of Bear Island, with the captain VERDENS NORDLIGSTE AVIS facing prosecution for drinking on duty and vessel spills oil; risk likely to the first mate for drinking and falling asleep rise as warming opens waters while on watch. With Arctic seas containing up Break-in at Skoa to a quarter of the world's remaining oil and There's a bounty of riches awaiting in the cargo shippers preparing to take advantage of Some have tried to break into the café with much cheaper polar routes, officials say the help of hammer and shovel night to melting waters of the Arctic, but native dwellers may pay the ultimate price as current regulations and resources are Tuesday. increased traffic means a greater risk of insufficient and could have catastrophic incidents like a Russian ship that ran aground impacts. Cruise ships to sail east and spilled oil in a Svalbard bird sanctuary last "We must be realistic and expect that The Petrozavodsk after running aground on Bear week. more such modern 'landmarks' can emerge and Island last week. Photo provided by the coast again The Petrozavodsk remains stuck on the See CLEANUP, page 2 Norwegian Coastal Administration. Employment Mannen encourage tourists from the expedition cruise ships should still be able to travel freely in the eastern protected areas on Svalbard. Where ski season begins in April: Race, Sweets, opening of pole lift keeps snow bums busy Page 3 Weapons rental still OK Sportscenteret and Engineer G. -
The Svalbard Treaty, Equal Enjoyment, and Terra Nullius: Lessons of Territorial Temptation from History
Washington University Global Studies Law Review Volume 15 Issue 1 2015 A Unique International Problem’: The Svalbard Treaty, Equal Enjoyment, and Terra Nullius: Lessons of Territorial Temptation from History Christopher R. Rossi University of Iowa College of Law Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_globalstudies Part of the Admiralty Commons, International Law Commons, Law of the Sea Commons, and the Natural Resources Law Commons Recommended Citation Christopher R. Rossi, A Unique International Problem’: The Svalbard Treaty, Equal Enjoyment, and Terra Nullius: Lessons of Territorial Temptation from History, 15 WASH. U. GLOBAL STUD. L. REV. 93 (2016), https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_globalstudies/vol15/iss1/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law School at Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Washington University Global Studies Law Review by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ‘A UNIQUE INTERNATIONAL PROBLEM’: THE SVALBARD TREATY, EQUAL ENJOYMENT, AND TERRA NULLIUS: LESSONS OF TERRITORIAL TEMPTATION FROM HISTORY CHRISTOPHER R. ROSSI ABSTRACT The 1920 Svalbard Treaty conferred full and absolute sovereignty on Norway but paradoxically limited that sovereignty by conferring on states party to the treaty equal enjoyment and liberty of access provisions on Svalbard and in its territorial waters. Whether these provisions now extend to geographic areas adjacent to Svalbard’s territorial sea— specifically to Svalbard’s oil-rich continental shelf and abundant fishing stock of the superjacent waters of its Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)—is a matter of considerable debate. -
STATE of the POLAR BEAR REPORT 2019 Susan J
asdf STATE OF THE POLAR BEAR REPORT 2019 Susan J. Crockford The Global Warming Policy Foundation Report 39 The State of the Polar Bear 2019 Susan J. Crockford Cite as: Crockford SJ (2020) The State of the Polar Bear 2019. Report 39, The Global Warming Policy Foundation. ISBN 978-1-9160700-6-6 © Copyright 2020, The Global Warming Policy Foundation ii Contents Foreword v About the author v Executive summary vii 1. Introduction 1 2. Conservation status 2 3. Population size 2 4. Population trends 12 5. Habitat status 15 6. Prey base 20 7. Health and survival 23 8. Evidence of flexibility 28 9. Human/bear interactions 30 10. Discussion 40 References 43 Notes 67 About the Global Warming Policy Foundation 80 iii iv Foreword From 1972 until 2010,1 The Polar Bear Specialist Group (PBSG) of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) published comprehensive status reports every four years or so, as proceedings of their official meet- ings, making them available in electronic format. Until 2018 – a full eight years after its last report – the PBSG had disseminated information only on its website, updated (without announcement) at its discretion. In April 2018, the PBSG finally produced a standalone proceedings docu- ment from its 2016 meeting,2 although most people would have been unaware that this document existed unless they visited the PBSG website. This State of the Polar Bear Report is intended to pro- vide a yearly update of the kind of content available in those occasional PBSG meeting reports, albeit with more critical commentary regarding some of the inconsistencies and sources of bias present in the corpus of reports and papers. -
Spitzbergen-Svalbard (6) Literatur
Bibliographie - Spitzbergen, Arktis Rolf Stange, www.spitzbergen.de Aarekol, L. (2015). "Maskulinitet og Troféjakt i Arktis." Nordlit : Tidsskrift i litteratur og kultur 35: 190-203. From the late 1800s and until the protection of polar bears came into force in 1973, there were regular private hunting expeditions to the Arctic by boat, including several from Tromsø. In this article, I investigate how masculinity is manifested in specific empirical evidence: a trophy hunting expedition with the Sutton family that left from Tromsø in the summer of 1932. Using masculinity as a lens through which to see the historical trophy hunt shows, however, that this activity deals with more than obtaining trophies and potency. The Sutton family expedition undertook to hunt, kill and stuff wild animals to the benefit of science and the general information of the public. Sutton himself goes in and out of the role of conqueror; he puts his trust in the Norwegian crew and highlights his recommendations for safety on such trips. By looking at a specific example such as Sutton’s expedition, it is obvious that this also deals with various forms of masculinity – or manliness: about the conquering and mastering of nature, but also about an interest in and care of nature. Masculinity is seen in terms of civic ideals with an emphasis on rationality and discipline – a hunt in which women may also be granted a place – as well as the role of fatherhood with a responsibility for the training of new generations and educating the public by contributing to the development of scientific collections and the municipal zoo. -
Saving Svalbard? Contested Value, Conservation Practices and Everyday Life in the High Arctic
Saving Svalbard? Contested value, conservation practices and everyday life in the high Arctic Thesis submitted for the degree of PhD in Human Geography Samantha M Saville Department of Geography and Earth Sciences Aberystwyth University December 2016 Thesis Summary Saving Svalbard? Contested value, conservation practices and everyday life in the high Arctic This thesis examines the relationships between human societies, the material landscape and nonhuman life in the archipelago of Svalbard. The investigation draws inspiration from posthuman, neomaterialist geographies and political ecology. Frameworks, processes and practices of value are traced through conservation initiatives and everyday actions and ideas around protecting Svalbard’s environment. Practical, political and ethical questions underscore this work: what can and should be ‘saved’; how and for whom are we trying to save species, landscapes, and artefacts? If saving is possible, is it the ‘right’ thing to do? Svalbard, as a place undergoing climatic change, economic and social transitions in a physically and politically fragile environment, provides a setting where such questions are particularly pertinent. This thesis develops a theoretical approach to value, which demonstrates that when value is treated as contingent practice and process, as verb rather than noun, it can be a useful analytical tool for uncovering complex, multi-scalar processes, such as conservation practice. I advance this methodologically to combine a value-as-practice approach with feminist care ethics, assemblage thinking and the notion of a ‘humble’ research practice. This humble research practice brings together recent thinking around situated knowledges, participatory and posthuman geographies. Through documentary research, extensive site-based interviews and ethnographic empirical material, I uncover what is valued as natural and cultural heritage in Svalbard and how value is practiced. -
Island Studies Journal, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2012, Pp. 99-118 the Globalization
Island Studies Journal, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2012, pp. 99-118 The Globalization of the Arctic: Negotiating Sovereignty and Building Communities in Svalbard, Norway Adam Grydehøj Island Dynamics, Whitstable, UK [email protected] Anne Grydehøj School of European Culture and Languages University of Kent, Canterbury, UK [email protected] and Maria Ackrén Ilisimatusarfik/University of Greenland Nuuk, Greenland [email protected] ABSTRACT: The Arctic archipelago of Svalbard has been under Norwegian sovereignty since 1920 yet remains subject to international law. Until recently, the islands’ only major economic activities were unprofitable Russian and Norwegian funded mining operations aimed at maintaining continuous settlement. Now, however, Norway’s top-down governance of the territory has been complicated by the emergence of economic diversity, multinationalism, and local democracy in the town of Longyearbyen. Simultaneously, China and other states are promoting their Arctic interests by exploiting the preoccupation with Russia that characterizes Norway’s Svalbard policy. By interpreting Svalbard’s local communities through the prism of international relations, this article highlights the practical challenges to creating genuinely international territories. Keywords: Arctic; China; governance; international relations; islands; Norway; Russia; sovereignty; Spitsbergen; Svalbard © 2012 Institute of Island Studies, University of Prince Edward Island, Canada Introduction Although the Cold War has ended, international relations remain complex in the High North. The present paper considers Svalbard, a territory that has been the subject of jurisdictional wrangling since its discovery in the 16 th Century. The Svalbard archipelago, with a total landmass of 61,020 km², is composed of numerous islands between mainland Norway and the North Pole. -
Taubanesentralen
TAUBANESENTRALEN Exploring the potentials of a listed industrial building from the coal mining era Karoline Soma Aarvik & Bjørn Mejlænder-Larsen Supervisor: Erik Fenstad Langdalen Spring 2019 Picture 1: Wendt, Carl A. 1960/61. Svalbard Museum 1 2 Index 1.0 Introduction 5 1.1 About 5 1.2. Purpose of report 6 1.4. Main topics of discussion 6 1.3. Focus and method 7 2.0 History and value assessment 8 2.1. History of Svalbard 8 2.1.1. Svalbard 8 2.1.2. The Svalbard Treaty 9 2.2. History of Longyearbyen 10 2.3. Longyearbyen today 11 2.4. Future plans for Longyearbyen 12 2.5. Taubanesentralen timeline 13 3.0 Value assessment and statement of significance 15 3.1. The listing of cultural heritages on Svalbard 15 3.2. The listing of Taubanesentralen 16 3.3. The resistance for listing Taubanesentralen 17 3.4. Our value assessment 18 4.0 Industrial Heritage Conservation 19 4.1. Conservation plan 19 4.2. Adaptive re-use 20 4.3. Adaptive re-use and embodied energy 20 5.0 Regulatory framework 22 5.1 Zoning and building code 22 6.0 Landscape and site 23 6.1 Climate 23 6.1.1. Wind 24 6.1.2. Precipitation 24 6.1.3 Winter 25 6.1.4 Summer 25 6.1.5 Sunshine 26 6.1.6 End note on Climate 26 6.2 Building on permafrost 27 6.2.1 Construction issues 27 6.2.2 Solutions 28 6.3 Documentation and preliminary analysis 28 6.3.1 Ground temperature 29 3 7.0 Materials and construction 31 7.1 Condition assessment 31 7.2 Repair and maintenance 32 8.0 Reference projects 34 8.1. -
Arctic Tourism Risk
Cruise tourism on Svalbard – A risky business? WWF International Arctic Programme 2004 Bråsvellbreen, Nordaustlandet. Photo: Miriam Geitz Contents Executive Summary 3 1. Introduction 5 2. Cruise tourism on Svalbard 6 2.1 Status and developments 6 3. Svalbard’s biodiversity and natural habitats 13 3.1. Environmental values and vulnerabilities 13 3.2. Protected areas on Svalbard 16 4. Environmental impacts of ship-based tourism 18 4.1. Introduction and overview 18 4.2. Threats to the marine environment 20 4.2.1. Oil pollution 21 4.2.2. Pollution through wastewater 23 4.2.3. Pollution through garbage 26 Editor: Miriam Geitz 4.2.4. Air pollution 29 Text:Miriam Geitz, Stefan Norris, 4.2.5. Ballast water 33 Marie Lier 4.2.6. Anti-fouling hull paint 35 Maps: Alpha Miljørådgivning AS, Oslo, 4.2.7. Physical damage from cruise ship activities 37 Norway 4.3. Threats to wildlife and the terrestrial environment 38 Lay out: dEDBsign/Ketill Berger, Oslo, 4.3.1. Wildlife disturbances 39 Norway 4.3.2. Degradation of vegetation 45 4.3.3. Degradation of historical sites 48 WWF International Arctic Programme 4.3.4. Degradation of geological sites 52 P.O. Box 6784 St. Olavs plass 4.3.5 Littering 53 N – 0130 Oslo, Norway 5. Other environmental impacts on coastal habitats 54 T: (+47) 22 03 65 00 6. Assessing the environmental risk of cruise activity on Svalbard 55 http://www.panda.org/arctic 7. Conclusions 62 You can contact the editor at 8. Appendix 63 [email protected] 8.1. Summary of theme-specific recommendations 66 8.2 Legal framework for cruise operations on Svalbard 66 August 2004 8.2.1. -
Report No. 22 (2008–2009) to the Storting
Report No. 22 (2008–2009) to the Storting Report No. Report No. 22 (2008–2009) to the Storting Published by: Norwegian Ministry of Justice and the Police Svalbard Internet address: www.government.no Cover illustration: Norwegian Polar Institute 2009 Printed by: 07 Aurskog AS – 03/2010 Svalbard ER JØM KE IL T M 2 4 9 1 7 3 Trykksak Report No. 22 (2008–2009) to the Storting Svalbard Translation from the Norwegian. For information only. Table of contents 1 Summary . 7 3.1.5 Treaty limitations on the exercise 1.1 Svalbard policy entering a new era. 7 of authority . 21 1.2 Instruments in Svalbard policy . 8 3.1.6 Research and other matters . 23 1.3 Challenges in particular sectors . 8 3.2 International agreements of 1.3.1 Visible presence in Svalbard – coal particular importance to Svalbard. 23 mining and other industrial activity 8 3.2.1 The EEA Agreement and the 1.3.2 Svalbard is to be one of the world’s agreement with the EU . 23 best managed wilderness areas – 3.2.2 The WTO Agreement, including tourism and other traffic . 9 GATT and GATS. 24 1.3.3 Svalbard’s role as a platform for 3.2.3 The Schengen Agreement. 24 Norwegian and international research, knowledge and education 10 4 Main objectives and 1.4 Environmental protection . 10 instruments. 25 1.5 Research, knowledge and higher 4.1 Objectives of Norwegian policy education . 11 towards Svalbard . 25 1.6 Industrial, mining and commercial 4.1.1 The overriding objectives remain activity .