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1 Hydrological Impacts of Climate Change on Rice
Hydrological impacts of climate change on rice cultivated riparian wetlands in the Upper Meghna River Basin (Bangladesh and India) Mohammed M. Rahman a,b,*, Julian R. Thompson b, and Roger J. Flower b a Department of Irrigation and Water Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh b Wetland Research Unit, Department of Geography, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK * Corresponding author: email [email protected] Tel: +88 01717 825850; Fax: +88 091 61510 Abstract Riparian depressional wetlands (haors) in the Upper Meghna River Basin of Bangladesh are invaluable agricultural resources. They are completely flooded between June and November and planted with Boro rice when floodwater recedes in December. However, early harvest period (April/May) floods frequently damage ripening rice. A calibrated/validated Soil and Water Assessment Tool for riparian wetland (SWATrw) model is perturbed with bias free (using an improved quantile mapping approach) climate projections from 17 general circulation models (GCMs) for the period 2031–2050. Projected mean annual rainfall increases (200–500 mm per 7–10%). However, during the harvest period lower rainfall (21–75%) and higher evapotranspiration (1–8%) reduces river discharge (5–18%) and wetland inundation (inundation fraction declines of 0.005–0.14). Flooding risk for Boro rice consequently declines (rationalized flood risk reductions of 0.02–0.12). However, the loss of cultivable land (15.3%) to increases in permanent haor inundation represents a major threat to regional food security. Keywords haor wetlands; Boro rice; floods; Bangladesh; climate change; SWAT 1 Introduction The potential consequences of climate change on hydrological processes and associated sectors such as water resources, agriculture, aquatic ecology and human livelihoods have been extensively documented (e.g. -
The Conservation Action Plan the Ganges River Dolphin
THE CONSERVATION ACTION PLAN FOR THE GANGES RIVER DOLPHIN 2010-2020 National Ganga River Basin Authority Ministry of Environment & Forests Government of India Prepared by R. K. Sinha, S. Behera and B. C. Choudhary 2 MINISTER’S FOREWORD I am pleased to introduce the Conservation Action Plan for the Ganges river dolphin (Platanista gangetica gangetica) in the Ganga river basin. The Gangetic Dolphin is one of the last three surviving river dolphin species and we have declared it India's National Aquatic Animal. Its conservation is crucial to the welfare of the Ganga river ecosystem. Just as the Tiger represents the health of the forest and the Snow Leopard represents the health of the mountainous regions, the presence of the Dolphin in a river system signals its good health and biodiversity. This Plan has several important features that will ensure the existence of healthy populations of the Gangetic dolphin in the Ganga river system. First, this action plan proposes a set of detailed surveys to assess the population of the dolphin and the threats it faces. Second, immediate actions for dolphin conservation, such as the creation of protected areas and the restoration of degraded ecosystems, are detailed. Third, community involvement and the mitigation of human-dolphin conflict are proposed as methods that will ensure the long-term survival of the dolphin in the rivers of India. This Action Plan will aid in their conservation and reduce the threats that the Ganges river dolphin faces today. Finally, I would like to thank Dr. R. K. Sinha , Dr. S. K. Behera and Dr. -
Assessment on the Impact of the Tripura Earthquake
www.gi.sanu.ac.rs, www.doiserbia.nb.rs J. Geogr. Inst. Cvijic. 2021, 71(1), pp. 1–13 Original scientific paper UDC: 911.2:5580.34(540)“2017” https://doi.org/10.2298/IJGI2101001D Received: October 8, 2020 Reviewed: March 15, 2021 Accepted: March 22, 2021 ASSESSMENT ON THE IMPACT OF THE TRIPURA EARTHQUAKE (JANUARY 3, 2017, MW = 5.6) IN NORTHEAST INDIA Jimmi Debbarma1, Jatan Debnath1* 1Tripura University, Department of Geography & Disaster Management, Suryamaninagar, Tripura, India; e-mails: [email protected]; [email protected] Abstract: The northeastern part of the Indian subcontinent, considered as the most active seismic zone of the Indian subcontinent, was hit by an earthquake of Mw 5.6 on January 3, 2017. The epicenter of this earthquake was Kanchanbari located in the Dhalai district of Tripura. The present study aims to assess the environmental and socio-economic impact of this earthquake in the vicinity of the epicenter. To assess and determine the level of damage, the affected areas were visited during the first week of the 2017 earthquake. Various Government offices were also consulted to acquire data on damages caused by the earthquake. Moreover, Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (RS & GIS) techniques were applied to address the influence of this earthquake on bank erosion. During the field visit, the striking features of soil liquefaction generated by the earthquake were observed in the flood plain area of the Manu River. Landslide, with three casualties in India and the neighbor Bangladesh, and damages of infrastructure were also reported. Additionally, an assessment of the bank erosion study revealed that the rate of the post-earthquake bank erosion increased to 592%, compared to the pre-earthquake bank erosion within the study length of the Manu River. -
Protection of Endangered Ganges River Dolphin in Brahmaputra River, Assam, India
PROTECTION OF ENDANGERED GANGES RIVER DOLPHIN IN BRAHMAPUTRA RIVER, ASSAM, INDIA Final Technical Report to Sir Peter Scott Fund, IUCN Report submitted by - Abdul Wakid, Ph. D. Programme Leader Gangetic Dolphin Research & Conservation Programme, Aaranyak Survey, Beltola, Guwahati-781028 Assam, India Gill Braulik Sea Mammal Research Unit University of St. Andrews St. Andrews, Fife KY16 8LB, UK Page | 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We are expressing our sincere thanks to Sir Peter Scott Fund of IUCN for funding this project. We are thankful to the Department of Environment & Forest (wildlife) and the management authority of Kaziranga National Park, Government of Assam for the permission to carry out the study, especially within Kaziranga National Park. Without the tremendous help of Sanjay Das, Dhruba Chetry, Abdul Mazid and Lalan Sanjib Baruah, the Project would not have reached its current status and we are therefore grateful to all these team members for their field assistance. The logistic support provided by the DFO of Tinsukia Wildlife Division and the Mongoldoi Wildlife Division are highly acknowledged. Special thanks to Inspector General of Police (special branch) of Assam Police Department for organizing the security of the survey team in all districts in the Brahamputra Valley. In particular Colonel Sanib, Captain Amrit, Captain Bikash of the Indian Army for the security arrangement in Assam-Arunachal Pradesh border and Assistant Commandant Vijay Singh of the Border Security Force for security help in the India-Bangladesh border area. We also express our sincere thanks to the Director of Inland Water Transport, Alfresco River Cruise, Mr. Kono Phukan, Mr. Bhuban Pegu and Mr. -
Factor Analysis of Water-Related Disasters in Bangladesh
ISSN 0386-5878 Technical Note of PWRI No.4068 Factor Analysis of Water-related Disasters in Bangladesh June 2007 The International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management PUBLIC WORKS RESEARCH INSTITUTE 1-6, Minamihara Tukuba-Shi, Ibaraki-Ken, 305-8516 Copyright ○C (2007) by P.W.R.I. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced by any means, nor transmitted, nor translated into a machine language without the written permission of the Chief Executive of P.W.R.I. この報告書は、独立行政法人土木研究所理事長の承認を得て刊行したものであ る。したがって、本報告書の全部又は一部の転載、複製は、独立行政法人土木研 究所理事長の文書による承認を得ずしてこれを行ってはならない。 Technical Note of PWRI No.4068 Factor Analysis of Water-related Disasters in Bangladesh by Junichi YOSHITANI Norimichi TAKEMOTO Tarek MERABTENE The International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Managemant Synopsis: Vulnerability to disaster differs considerably depending on natural exposure to hazards and social conditions of countries affected. Therefore, it is important to take practical disaster mitigating measures which meet the local vulnerability conditions of the region. Designating Bangladesh as a research zone, this research aims to propose measures for strengthening the disaster mitigating system tailored to the region starting from identifying the characteristics of the disaster risk threatening the country. To this end, we identified the country’s natural and social characteristics first, and then analyzed the risk challenges and their background as the cause to create and expand the water-related disasters. Furthermore, we also analyzed the system -
Conservation of Gangetic Dolphin in Brahmaputra River System, India
CONSERVATION OF GANGETIC DOLPHIN IN BRAHMAPUTRA RIVER SYSTEM, INDIA Final Technical Report A. Wakid Project Leader, Gangetic Dolphin Conservation Project Assam, India Email: [email protected] 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT There was no comprehensive data on the conservation status of Gangetic dolphin in Brahmaputra river system for last 12 years. Therefore, it was very important to undertake a detail study on the species from the conservation point of view in the entire river system within Assam, based on which site and factor specific conservation actions would be worthwhile. However, getting the sponsorship to conduct this task in a huge geographical area of about 56,000 sq. km. itself was a great problem. The support from the BP Conservation Programme (BPCP) and the Rufford Small Grant for Nature Conservation (RSG) made it possible for me. I am hereby expressing my sincere thanks to both of these Funding Agencies for their great support to save this endangered species. Besides their enormous workload, Marianne Dunn, Dalgen Robyn, Kate Stoke and Jaimye Bartake of BPCP spent a lot of time for my Project and for me through advise, network and capacity building, which helped me in successful completion of this project. I am very much grateful to all of them. Josh Cole, the Programme Manager of RSG encouraged me through his visit to my field area in April, 2005. I am thankful to him for this encouragement. Simon Mickleburgh and Dr. Martin Fisher (Flora & Fauna International), Rosey Travellan (Tropical Biology Association), Gill Braulik (IUCN), Brian Smith (IUCN), Rundall Reeves (IUCN), Dr. A. R. Rahmani (BNHS), Prof. -
Irrigation in Southern and Eastern Asia in Figures AQUASTAT Survey – 2011
37 Irrigation in Southern and Eastern Asia in figures AQUASTAT Survey – 2011 FAO WATER Irrigation in Southern REPORTS and Eastern Asia in figures AQUASTAT Survey – 2011 37 Edited by Karen FRENKEN FAO Land and Water Division FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2012 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of FAO. ISBN 978-92-5-107282-0 All rights reserved. FAO encourages reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product. Non-commercial uses will be authorized free of charge, upon request. Reproduction for resale or other commercial purposes, including educational purposes, may incur fees. Applications for permission to reproduce or disseminate FAO copyright materials, and all queries concerning rights and licences, should be addressed by e-mail to [email protected] or to the Chief, Publishing Policy and Support Branch, Office of Knowledge Exchange, Research and Extension, FAO, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy. -
Dr. Nibedita Das (Pan) Date of Birth: 03.05.1961 (Office) +91 381 2379152; Dr
Name: Dr. Nibedita Das (Pan) Date of Birth: 03.05.1961 (office) +91 381 2379152; Dr. Phone numbers : (mobile) +91 94361 34923; 8794996975 Nibedita [email protected] E-mails : Das (Pan) [email protected] Fax : +91 381 237 4802 Academic M.Sc., B.Ed., Ph.D. Qualifications : Present Associate Professor Designation/position : Topics Taught : Geomorphology, Natural Hazards and Disaster Management, Hydrology, Geography of North-east India and Tripura, Fluvial Geomorphology (Special Paper) Publications (year wise) : Research papers in refereed journal having ISSN 1. Debnath, J., Das (Pan), N., Sharma, R., Ahmed, I. (2019): ‘Impact of confluence on hydrological and morphological characters of the trunk stream: A study on the Manu River of North-east India’, Environmental Earth Sciences, Springer Nature Publication, 78:190, doi.org/10.1007/s12665-019- 8190-7. ISSN 1866-6280 (print), 1866-6299 (web), Impact Factor: 1.765. 2. Bhowmik, M., Das (Pan), N., Das, C., Ahmed, I. and Debnath, J. (2018): ‘Bank material characteristics and its impact on river bank erosion, West Tripura District, Tripura, North-East India’, Current Science (Research Communications), 115(8), pp. 1571-1576, ISSN 0011-3891, Impact Factor: 0.883. 3. Ahmed, I., Das (Pan), N., Debnath, J. and Bhowmik, M. (2018): ‘Erosion-induced channel migration and its impact on dwellers in the lower Gumti River, Tripura, India’, Spatial Information Research, Springer Publication, 26(5), pp. 537-549, ISSN 2366-3286 (Print), 2366-3294 (Online). 4. Istak Ahmed, Nibedita Das (Pan), Jatan Debnath, Moujuri Bhowmik (2017): An assessment to prioritise the critical erosion-prone sub-watersheds for soil conservation in the Gumti basin of Tripura, North-east India, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Springer Publication, Vol. -
Impacts of Tipaimukh Dam on the Down-Stream Region in Bangladesh: a Study on Probable EIA
www.banglajol.info/index.php/JSF Journal of Science Foundation, January 2015, Vol. 13, No.1 pISSN 1728-7855 Original Article Impacts of Tipaimukh Dam on the Down-stream Region in Bangladesh: A Study on Probable EIA M. Asaduzzaman1, Md. Moshiur Rahman 2 Abstract Amidst mounting protests both at home and in lower riparian Bangladesh, India is going ahead with the plan to construct its largest and most controversial 1500 mw hydroelectric dam project on the river Barak at Tipaimukh in the Indian state Manipur. In the process, however, little regard is being paid to the short and long-term consequences on the ecosystem, biodiversity or the local people in the river’s watershed and drainage of both upper and low reparian countries . This 390 m length and 162.8 m. high earthen-rock filled dam also has the potential to be one of the most destructive. In India too, people will have to suffer a lot for this mega project. The total area required for construction including submergence area is 30860 ha of which 20797 ha is forest land, 1195 ha is village land, 6160 ha is horticultural land, and 2525 ha is agricultural land. Cconstruction of the massive dam and regulate water flow of the river Barak will have long adverse effects on the river system of Surma and Kushiyara in the north-eastern region of Bangladesh which will obviously have negative impacts on ecology, environment, agriculture, bio-diversity, fisheries, socio-economy of Bangladesh. To assess the loss of Tipaimukh dam on downstream Bangladesh, an Eivironmental Impact Assessment (EIA) has been conducted based on probable affect parametes. -
RW05 River Embankment and Bank Failure in Bangladesh: a Study on Geotechnical Characteristics and Stability Analysis Md
Proc. of International Conference on Environmental Aspects of Bangladesh (ICEAB10), Japan, Sept. 2010 RW05 River Embankment and Bank Failure in Bangladesh: A Study on Geotechnical Characteristics and Stability Analysis Md. Bellal Hossain, Toshinori Sakai, Md. Zakaria Hossain Graduate school of Bioresources, Mie University, Japan Abstract— This paper aimed to investigate the geotechnical tests (JIS A 1216). On the basis of the test results, the soil properties of failed Jamuna river embankment material and was also classified by JGS engineering classification. The Padma riverbank material of Bangladesh. Study results falling head method was followed to determine the reveal that the soil of Jamuna river embankment is not well coefficient of permeability. The unconfined compressive graded sand and the permeability is found moderately high strength test was done with samples having different water which increases rapidly in submerge condition. The maximum strength is found low as embankment material. content. Moreover, the slope is not well protected that makes the embankment vulnerable to erosion. In case of riverbank failure, the permeability and strength of bank material both decreases rapidly with the increase of water content which Study areas associates the bank failure process. Nevertheless, the tension crack behind the bank face and toe erosion also accelerate the mass failure mechanism of the riverbank. The design methodology of embankment was evaluated by a case study. The study found that the factor of safety (FS) is over estimated of about 22-24% if seepage analysis is not considered in designing embankment. INTRODUCTION The failure of embankments and riverbank erosion are common problem in Bangladesh. Devastating flood and excessive rainfall are accelerating the failure process which results immense damage to agriculture and infrastructures every year. -
Opportunities for Benefit Sharing in the Meghna Basin, Bangladesh And
Opportunities for benefit sharing in the Meghna Basin, Bangladesh and India Scoping study Building River Dialogue and Governance (BRIDGE) Opportunities for benefit sharing in the Meghna Basin, Bangladesh and India Scoping study The designation of geographical entities in this report, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication don’t necessarily reflect those of IUCN, Oxfam, TROSA partners, the Government of Sweden or The Asia Foundation. The research to produce this report was carried out as a part of Transboundary Rivers of South Asia (TROSA) programme. TROSA is a regional water governance programme supported by the Government of Sweden and implemented by Oxfam and partners in Bangladesh, India, Myanmar and Nepal. Comments and suggestions from the TROSA Project Management Unit (PMU) are gratefully acknowledged. Special acknowledgement to The Asia Foundation for supporting BRIDGE GBM Published by: IUCN, Bangkok, Thailand Copyright: © 2018 IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorised without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission of the copyright holder. Citation: Sinha, V., Glémet, R. & Mustafa, G.; IUCN BRIDGE GBM, 2018. Benefit sharing opportunities in the Meghna Basin. Profile and preliminary scoping study, Bangladesh and India. -
D R. Nibedita Das (Pan)
Name: Dr. Nibedita Das (Pan) Date of Birth: 03.05.1961 (office) +91 381 2379152; (mobile) Phone numbers : D +91 94361 34923; 8794996975 [email protected] E-mails : [email protected] Fax : +91 381 237 4802 Academic Qualifications : M.Sc., B.Ed., Ph.D. Present r. Nibedita Associate Professor Designation/position : Das (Pan) Topics Taught : Geomorphology, Disaster Management, Hydrology, Geography of North-east India and Tripura, Fluvial Geomorphology (Special Paper) Publications (year wise) : Research papers in refereed journal having ISSN 1. Debnath, J., Das (Pan), N. and Ahmed, I. (2020): „An attempt to analyse the driving forces of land use change of a tropical river basin: A case study of the Muhuri River, Tripura, North-East India‟, International Journal of Ecology and Development, 35(2), pp.13-30. ISSN: 0972-9984. 2. Majumdar, S. and Das (Pan), N. (2019): „Combining open source GIS and meta-analysis to link rainfall trend and human activity: case study on Gumti and Khowai drainage systems, Tripura, India‟, Spatial Information Research, Springer Nature Publication, 28(20), pp. 287-298, ISSN 2366- 3286. 3. Debbarma, J. and Das (Pan), N. (2019): „A spatio-temporal study on fluctuation in pre-monsoon and post-monsoon groundwater level in Tripura, North-east India‟, International Journal of Advanced Scientific Research and Management, Volume 4 Issue 2, pp. 39-48, ISSN 2455-6378 4. Debnath, J., Das (Pan), N., Sharma, R., Ahmed, I. (2019): „Impact of confluence on hydrological and morphological characters of the trunk stream: A study on the Manu River of North-east India‟, Environmental Earth Sciences, Springer Nature Publication, 78:190, doi.org/10.1007/s12665- 019-8190-7.