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The Evolution & Impact of US Aircraft In
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Honors Theses, University of Nebraska-Lincoln Honors Program Fall 10-2019 Take Off to Superiority: The Evolution & Impact of U.S. Aircraft in War Lane Weidner University of Nebraska - Lincoln Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/honorstheses Part of the Aviation Commons, and the Military History Commons Weidner, Lane, "Take Off to Superiority: The Evolution & Impact of U.S. Aircraft in War" (2019). Honors Theses, University of Nebraska-Lincoln. 184. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/honorstheses/184 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors Program at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses, University of Nebraska-Lincoln by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. TAKE OFF TO SUPERIORITY: THE EVOLUTION & IMPACT OF U.S. AIRCRAFT IN WAR An Undergraduate Honors Thesis Submitted in Partial fulfillment of University Honors Program Requirements University of Nebraska-Lincoln by Lane M. Weidner, Bachelor of Science Major: Mathematics Minor: Aerospace Studies College of Arts & Sciences Oct 24, 2019 Faculty Mentor: USAF Captain Nicole Beebe B.S. Social Psychology M.Ed. Human Resources, E-Learning ii Abstract Military aviation has become a staple in the way wars are fought, and ultimately, won. This research paper takes a look at the ways that aviation has evolved and impacted wars across the U.S. history timeline. With a brief introduction of early flight and the modern concept of an aircraft, this article then delves into World Wars I and II, along with the Cold, Korean, Vietnam, and Gulf Wars. -
LANGLEY, LEX and SARA by Scot Macdonald ‘It Is the Navy's Mission to Protect Our Coasts, Our Seaborne Commerce, and Far-Flung Possessions
ANCHORED IN SAN DIEGO harbor January 1933, U.S. Navy’s first the recent past. At right is USS Constitution. “Old Ironsides” was aircraft carrier, USS Langley, provides a startlinq contrast against then on her last major voyage, a tour of important U.S. seaports. Evolution of Aircraft Carriers LANGLEY, LEX AND SARA By Scot MacDonald ‘It is the Navy's mission to protect our coasts, our seaborne commerce, and far-flung possessions. Once war is forced upon us we must take the offensive to win it. The Navy is the first line of offense, and Naval Aviation as an advance guard of this line must deliver the brunt of the attack. Naval Aviation cannot take the offensive from shore; it must go to sea on the back of the fleet. I do not believe aircraft on shore can ward off a bombing attack launched, perhaps, from carriers by night from an unknown point for an unknown objective. On the other hand, a fleet with adequate aviation of its own can drive the carriers back out of effective range. Both for offense and defense the fleet and Naval Aviation are one and inseparable.’ —R.Adm. William A. Moffett, USN, October 1925, in the U.S. Naval Institute Proccedings NE DAY," said Capt. Thomas T. Jason. Although some conservative Returning to America, he immedi- O Craven, who had relieved Capt. seniors frowned on the plan, in time ately studied the problems of strength- Noble E. Irwin as Director of Naval and with the Secretary of the ening the Navy’s complement of pilots Aviation in May 1919, "one day, when Navy’s approval, we persuaded Con- and support personnel, obtaining "ap- someone suggested that shoveling coal gressional committees of the wisdom paratus suitable for their use,” and was becoming unpopular, we proceeded of converting one ship, the Jupiter, developing tactics. -
2 Squadron Branch Newsletter
NO 2 SQUADRON BRANCH (Air Force Association Victoria) PRESIDENT Secretary / treasurer Walter Sherman John Elliott 4 Keen Place PO Box 355 LARA VIC 3212 NARRE WARREN NORTH 3804 Phone: 0407 152 479 Phone: 03 9796 8634 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] VICE PRESIDENT Graham Henry KCSJ Phone: 03 9570 2186 Email: [email protected] Newsletter – October 2020 MAGPIE 91 COMMEMORATION – 3rd NOVEMBER 2020 As previously advised by Max McGregor, President of the Air Force Association Victoria, the Association is going ahead with plans to commemorate the 50th Anniversary of the loss in Vietnam of FLGOFF Michael Herbert and PLTOFF Robert Carver and Canberra A84-231, callsign Magpie 91. The Roulettes will conduct a flypast at 1100h in a missing wingman formation over the National Vietnam Veterans Museum, 25 Veterans Drive, Newhaven. 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE LOSS OF MAGPIE 91 BY GROUP CAPTAIN CARL SCHILLER, OAM, CSM (RETD) Every conflict has its tragic stories. However, I am sure among the worst are those where there has been no confirmed death or whereabouts of a missing veteran who are recorded as Missing in Action (MIA). And, so it was for Flying Officer Michael Herbert and Pilot Officer Robert Carver of No 2 Squadron whose Canberra aircraft A84-231 (call-sign Magpie 91) was lost in South Vietnam on the evening of November 3rd, 1970. The airmen, both 24 years, departed Phan Rang airbase on a routine bombing sortie near the Laotian/South Vietnam border. They were never heard from again. A subsequent Court of Inquiry into the disappearance found no obvious reason for the loss. -
Created By: Sabrina Kilbourne
Created by: Kathy Feltz, Keifer Alternative High School Grade level: 9-12 Special Education Primary Source Citation: “Bicycle” International Aircraft Silhouettes Spotter Cards, The U.S. Playing Card Company, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1943. Reprinted in “World War II Aircraft Spotter Cards,” Ames Historical Society. Allow students, in groups or individually, to examine the images while answering the questions below in order. The questions are designed to guide students into a deeper analysis of the source and sharpen associated cognitive skills. Level I: Description 1. What are these? 2. What is different about these than ordinary playing cards? Level II: Interpretation 1. Why would they make cards with military airplanes on them? 2. Who do you think would buy these cards? 3. When do you think these cards were sold? Level III: Analysis 1. What does this item tell you about this period of history in the United States? 2. The U.S. military is fighting overseas today. Is there a product like this for the conflicts we are in today? 3. Why would it be more difficult to make cards like this for current conflicts? 12/2/2014 WWII Aircraft Spotting Cards World War II Aircraft Spotter Cards Everyone could be part of the Civil Defense effort while playing card games by learning and memorizing the shape of both friendly and enemy aircraft. http://www.ameshistory.org/exhibits/events/aircraft_spotting_cards.htm 1/8 12/2/2014 WWII Aircraft Spotting Cards American aircraft American aircraft pictured on the above spotter cards: Boeing B17E Flying Fortress, http://www.ameshistory.org/exhibits/events/aircraft_spotting_cards.htm -
The US Army Air Forces in WWII
DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE HEADQUARTERS UNITED STATES AIR FORCE Air Force Historical Studies Office 28 June 2011 Errata Sheet for the Air Force History and Museum Program publication: With Courage: the United States Army Air Forces in WWII, 1994, by Bernard C. Nalty, John F. Shiner, and George M. Watson. Page 215 Correct: Second Lieutenant Lloyd D. Hughes To: Second Lieutenant Lloyd H. Hughes Page 218 Correct Lieutenant Hughes To: Second Lieutenant Lloyd H. Hughes Page 357 Correct Hughes, Lloyd D., 215, 218 To: Hughes, Lloyd H., 215, 218 Foreword In the last decade of the twentieth century, the United States Air Force commemorates two significant benchmarks in its heritage. The first is the occasion for the publication of this book, a tribute to the men and women who served in the U.S. Army Air Forces during World War 11. The four years between 1991 and 1995 mark the fiftieth anniversary cycle of events in which the nation raised and trained an air armada and com- mitted it to operations on a scale unknown to that time. With Courage: U.S.Army Air Forces in World War ZZ retells the story of sacrifice, valor, and achievements in air campaigns against tough, determined adversaries. It describes the development of a uniquely American doctrine for the application of air power against an opponent's key industries and centers of national life, a doctrine whose legacy today is the Global Reach - Global Power strategic planning framework of the modern U.S. Air Force. The narrative integrates aspects of strategic intelligence, logistics, technology, and leadership to offer a full yet concise account of the contributions of American air power to victory in that war. -
Additional Historic Information the Doolittle Raid (Hornet CV-8) Compiled and Written by Museum Historian Bob Fish
USS Hornet Sea, Air & Space Museum Additional Historic Information The Doolittle Raid (Hornet CV-8) Compiled and Written by Museum Historian Bob Fish AMERICA STRIKES BACK The Doolittle Raid of April 18, 1942 was the first U.S. air raid to strike the Japanese home islands during WWII. The mission is notable in that it was the only operation in which U.S. Army Air Forces bombers were launched from an aircraft carrier into combat. The raid demonstrated how vulnerable the Japanese home islands were to air attack just four months after their surprise attack on Pearl Harbor. While the damage inflicted was slight, the raid significantly boosted American morale while setting in motion a chain of Japanese military events that were disastrous for their long-term war effort. Planning & Preparation Immediately after the Pearl Harbor attack, President Roosevelt tasked senior U.S. military commanders with finding a suitable response to assuage the public outrage. Unfortunately, it turned out to be a difficult assignment. The Army Air Forces had no bases in Asia close enough to allow their bombers to attack Japan. At the same time, the Navy had no airplanes with the range and munitions capacity to do meaningful damage without risking the few ships left in the Pacific Fleet. In early January of 1942, Captain Francis Low1, a submariner on CNO Admiral Ernest King’s staff, visited Norfolk, VA to review the Navy’s newest aircraft carrier, USS Hornet CV-8. During this visit, he realized that Army medium-range bombers might be successfully launched from an aircraft carrier. -
A Companion for Aspirant Air Warriors a Handbook for Personal Professional Study
A Companion for Aspirant Air Warriors A Handbook for Personal Professional Study DAVID R. METS, PHD Air University Press Air Force Research Institute Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama May 2010 Muir S. Fairchild Research Information Center Cataloging Data Mets, David R. A companion for aspirant air warriors : a handbook for personal professional study / David R. Mets. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-1-58566-206-7 1. Air power—History. 2. Aeronautics, Military—History. 3. Aeronautics, Military—Biography. 4. Military art and science—History. I. Title. 358.4—dc22 Disclaimer Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of Air University, the Air Force Research Institute, the United States Air Force, the Department of Defense, or any other US government agency. Cleared for public release: distribution unlimited. Air University Press 155 N. Twining Street Maxwell AFB, AL 36112-6026 http://aupress.au.af.mil ii Dedicated to Maj Lilburn Stow, USAF, and his C-130 crew, who lost their lives over the A Shau Valley, Vietnam, 26 April 1968, while supporting their Army countrymen on the ground Contents Chapter Page DISCLAIMER . ii DEDICATION . iii FOREWORD . vii ABOUT THE AUTHOR . ix ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . xi INTRODUCTION . 1 1 THE INFANCY OF AIRPOWER. 3 2 NAVAL AVIATION . 7 3 AIRPOWER IN WORLD WAR I . 11 4 LAYING THE INTELLECTUAL FOUNDATIONS, 1919–1931 . 15 5 AN AGE OF INNOVATION, 1931–1941 . 19 6 NAVAL AVIATION BETWEEN THE WARS . 23 7 WORLD WAR II: THE RISE OF THE LUFTWAFFE . 29 8 WORLD WAR II: EUROPE—THE STRATEGIC BOMBING DIMENSION . -
Lockheed Hudson Story from Radschool Magazine.Docx
Lockheed Hudson Thanks to Trevor Benneworth and the RADSCHOOL Magazine The Hudson served the Allies faithfully during WW2 on most fronts and with little fanfare. The air forces of Britain, Canada, the United States, New Zealand, the Netherlands, China, Brazil and Australia all operated Hudsons. Derived from the Lockheed Model 14 Super Electra 12 passenger transport, it first flew in December 1938 and by the time production ended in mid 1943, a total of 2,941 had been built, most of which served the Royal Air Force and Commonwealth countries. The RAAF received 247 Hudson’s between January 1940 and May 1942 and as the war progressed a growing number of roles were found for it, including transport (14 troops could be carried if the turret and other items of equipment were removed), meteorological reconnaissance, VIP transport and air-sea rescue, for which role an under fuselage airborne lifeboat could be carried. The versatility of the Hudson ensured it remained in service throughout the war and for a time afterwards. You have to pity the poor old bomb aimer on this aircraft. To get into his position, first the right hand seat had to be removed then he had to crawl forward into the nose cone. If anything happened to the aircraft the poor bloke would first have to "back out" from his position, then try and negotiate the right hand seat then crawl down the back to find an opening to leave the aeroplane. Guts men the lot of them. This particular aircraft (A16-112) was built in 1939 and received ex USA on the 5th December 1941. -
Up from Kitty Hawk Chronology
airforcemag.com Up From Kitty Hawk Chronology AIR FORCE Magazine's Aerospace Chronology Up From Kitty Hawk PART ONE PART TWO 1903-1979 1980-present 1 airforcemag.com Up From Kitty Hawk Chronology Up From Kitty Hawk 1903-1919 Wright brothers at Kill Devil Hill, N.C., 1903. Articles noted throughout the chronology provide additional historical information. They are hyperlinked to Air Force Magazine's online archive. 1903 March 23, 1903. First Wright brothers’ airplane patent, based on their 1902 glider, is filed in America. Aug. 8, 1903. The Langley gasoline engine model airplane is successfully launched from a catapult on a houseboat. Dec. 8, 1903. Second and last trial of the Langley airplane, piloted by Charles M. Manly, is wrecked in launching from a houseboat on the Potomac River in Washington, D.C. Dec. 17, 1903. At Kill Devil Hill near Kitty Hawk, N.C., Orville Wright flies for about 12 seconds over a distance of 120 feet, achieving the world’s first manned, powered, sustained, and controlled flight in a heavier-than-air machine. The Wright brothers made four flights that day. On the last, Wilbur Wright flew for 59 seconds over a distance of 852 feet. (Three days earlier, Wilbur Wright had attempted the first powered flight, managing to cover 105 feet in 3.5 seconds, but he could not sustain or control the flight and crashed.) Dawn at Kill Devil Jewel of the Air 1905 Jan. 18, 1905. The Wright brothers open negotiations with the US government to build an airplane for the Army, but nothing comes of this first meeting. -
SPRING 2015 - Volume 62, Number 1 Call for Papers Violent Skies: the Air War Over Vietnam a Symposium Proposed for October 2015
SPRING 2015 - Volume 62, Number 1 WWW.AFHISTORICALFOUNDATION.ORG Call For Papers Violent Skies: The Air War Over Vietnam A Symposium Proposed for October 2015 Four military service historical foundations—the Air Force Historical Foundation, the Army Historical Foundation, the Marine Corps Heritage Foundation, and the Naval Historical Foundation—recognize that a half century has passed since the United States became militarily engaged in Southeast Asia, and hope to sponsor a series of conferences involving scholars and veterans, aimed at exploring aspects and conse- quences of what once was known as America’s Longest War. For the first conference in the series, since all military services employed their combat aircraft capabilities in that conflict, the leaders of the four nonprofit organizations agree that the air war over Southeast Asia offers a compelling joint topic for reflective examination and discus- sion. The intent is to host a symposium on this subject in the national capital region on Thurs- day and Friday, October 15 and 16, 2015, potentially extending into Saturday, October 17. Other stakeholder organizations will be approached to join as co-sponsors of this event. The organizers of the symposium envision plenary and concurrent sessions to accommodate a wide va- riety of topics and issues. Panel participants will be allotted 20 minutes to present their research or discuss their experiences. A panel chair will be assigned to provide commentary and moderate discussion. Com- menters from academia, veterans, Vietnamese émigrés, and scholars from the region may be invited to pro- vide additional insights. Panel/Paper proposals may employ both chronological and topical approaches: Examples of chronological subjects can include: U.S. -
Ventura Memorial Flight Association, Purposes and Donations
Ventura Memorial Flight Association, Purposes and Donations If you found this Chronology useful please consider making a donation. All donations receive a Canadian Tax Receipt. Donations can be made to: Ventura Memorial Flight Association 14210-24A St. Edmonton, Alberta T5Y 1L7 Purpose of the VMFA The Ventura Memorial Flight Association was formed in 1987 with the purpose of recovering a crashed Lockheed Ventura GR.V aircraft from a site 50 miles from Yellowknife, NWT, and return it to flying condition. The Lockheed Ventura was a development of the Lockheed 18 Lodestar and was designed as a fast daylight bomber for an RAF Specification. An order for 675 aircraft was placed in the spring of 1941, but that order was cancelled in favour of De Havilland Mosquito. This left Lockheed with only one customer for the Ventura, the RCAF, who saw the Ventura as a replacement for the Lockheed Hudson. Although the Hudson saw wide use as a maritime patrol bomber in Canada we had a problem of large uninhabited coasts to patrol with few airfields. As the Ventura was much faster than the Hudson it could cover more area in a day. This kept the program going until December 1941 when the USA suddenly found itself at war. The Ventura Mk I and II aircraft were then used by the RAF as bombers while the USAAF and the US Navy both ordered the aircraft as anti-submarine aircraft. This built on the design already started for the RCAF and emerged for the US Navy as the PV-1, and in Commonwealth Air Forces as the Ventura GR.V. -
Index to Reminiscences of Admiral Alfred M. Pride US Navy
Index to Reminiscences of Admiral Alfred M. Pride U.S. Navy (Retired) Accidents--Aviation Problems with early aircraft carrier arresting gear in the 1920s, pp. 30-32; Pride injured seriously when he crashed an X03U-6 in the Potomac River in 1934, 97-99, 105, 107, 167-168; barrier crash which killed a gun crew on board the light carrier Belleau Wood (CVL-24) in World War II, p. 134; crash of an H-boat seaplane in the Connecticut River in 1919, pp. 169-171 Aeronautical Board Pride's service in the 1930s with this U.S. Government agency which established standard aviation specifications and licensed equipment for foreign sales, pp. 92-96 Aeronautics, Bureau of Supervision of naval aviation development work in the late 1920s, pp. 76-77, 81-82; drew up specifications for Navy planes and worked with aircraft manufacturers in the 1930s, pp. 103-104, 108-112, 192-193; Pride's tenure as chief of the bureau from 1947 to 1951, pp. 161-162, 171- 189, 193-205; merger with the Bureau of Ordnance in 1959, pp. 177-179; law changed in the late 1940s so the bureau reported to OpNav rather than SecNav, p. 186 Air Corps, U.S. Army Trained Navy pilots to fly land planes soon after World War I, pp. 17-18, 163; represented on national Aeronautical Board in the 1930s, pp. 94-95; contact with the Navy's Bureau of Aeronautics in the 1930s, pp. 110- 111; Reuben Fleet as contracting officer for shortly after World War I, p. 191 See also: Air Forces, U.S.