than 80%forested. The New New Hampshire ismore of NewHampshire. the landscapeandeconomy have on economic impacts landscape trees, andtheywill are pestsofforestinsects and hemlock scale(EHS).All four adelgid (HWA), andelongate (EAB), hemlockwoolly (ALB), emerald ashborer Asian beetle longhorned These invaders includethe once theyare introduced. and ableto spread sorapidly invasive pestssodevastating whichmakesthese insects, defenses againstexotic Native plants have nonatural University ofNew Hampshire, U.S. of Agriculture andN.H.counties Department cooperating. 2012 The University of New Hampshire Cooperative educator and employer. isanequalopportunity Extension Used withpermission. Images are ofUSDA courtesy Plants Database http://plants.usda.gov Professor,Extension UNH,andDr. Professor, Extension Smith, Cheryl UNH. express APHIS'view." ofAgriculture's (APHIS). ItmayDepartment Service notnecessarily Animal andPlant Health Inspection “This material was by madepossible, aCooperative inpart, Agreement from theUnited States with thisinsect. economic burden associated into areas, urban reducing the managed to slow itsspread for eradication, butitcanbe apesttargeted the EABisn't New York. UnliketheALB, and intheHudson Valley in are southofMontreal, Canada, populations to New Hampshire of trees. The closestknown millions the Midwest, killing in 2002,ithasspread across inMichigan its initialdetection ash ( The EABattacks allspeciesof process isongoing. and chipped. The eradication of hosttrees were removed ALB in Worcester, thousands anattemptIn to eradicate the Boston metropolitan area. by as Worcester, MA, andin asclose it hasbeendetected to beinNewHampshire, but currentlyThe known ALBisn't and EHS. that are, includingtheHWA and EAB, andmanagethose yetaren't here, liketheALB exoticharmful that insects prevent theinvasion ofthe We mustdo ourbestto the ecology andfood web. and subsequently disrupting to non-native invasive plants, succession, openingareas up areas, interrupting natural native andnatural forest may severelyinsects impact jobs. Additionally, invasive year andprovide 15,000 at more than$2billiona are industries valued nursery maple syrup, landscape, and Hampshire forest, tourist, or are nearby onourdoorsteps. have eitherentered New Hampshire recentIn years several exotic insects INVASIVE and theirsusceptibilityto Fraxinus ASIAN LONGHORNED BEETLE EMERALD ASH BORER spp.) trees. Since t LANDSCAPE Content Trees t was provided by Dr. Stan Swier, Professor, Extension UNH,Dr. Cathy Neal,

tree mortality. with eitherpestcancause by birds, andinfestations pestscanbetransported Both areas insouthcentral NH. and ismostlylocated inafew EHS was in2008 firstdetected central NewHampshire. The throughout and southern in 2000andisspreading The HWA was firstdetected spread inNewHampshire. that haveinsects begunto The HWA andEHSare two other pestsanddiseases. aswellHemlock Scale as Woolly Adelgid, andElongate Emerald Ash Borer, Hemlock Asian Longhorned Beetle, tosusceptibility attack by the Hampshire and rates their recommended trees for New native andadapted sheetlistssome This fact widespread pest epidemics. is ourbestdefense against and maintaining mixed species biodiversity through planting and diseases. Promoting or lossdueto theseinsects trees ofdamage againsttherisk weigh themany benefitsof knowledge, consumers can become infested. With this oftheseplants ifthey quality affect thehealthandaesthetic diseases that may significantly also listsotherkeypestsand mentioned, thispublication four invasive already insects relative additionto risks. the In inform theconsumer ofthe of susceptible trees, butto to discourage thepurchase meant This publication isn't developed inthefuture. and biological controls may be management optionsavailable yourIf tree isinfested, there are EHS might notinfest your tree. buying hemlockssince HWA or bediscouraged fromshouldn't can beeradicated. However, you Neither theHWA northeEHS IN ELONGATE HEMLOCK SCALE HEMLOCK WOOLLYADELGID SECTS

photo courtesy of Cathy Neal SHADE ORSPECIMEN TREES Cercis FLOWERING TREES CONIFERS Fagus Cladrastis Celtis Cercidiphyllum Carpinus Betula Betula Acer Acer Acer Acer Acer Syringa Sorbus Prunus Prunus Malus Magnolia Crataegus Cornus Cornus Chionanthus Amelanchier Tsuga Thuja Pinus Picea Picea Picea Picea Picea Metasequoia Larix Juniperus Chamaecyparis Chamaecyparis Chamaecyparis Abies Abies Abies Tilia Quercus Quercus Quercus Nyssa Liriodendron Gymnocladus Gleditsia Ginkgo Fraxinus Genus

canadensis occidentalis strobus pungens orientalis omorika glauca abies glyptostroboides hybrids species and virginiana thyoides obtusa nootkatensis fraseri concolor balsamea cordata rubra palustris bicolor sylvatica tulipifera dioicus inermis triacanthos biloba pennsylvanica grandifolia kentukea occidentalis japonicum caroliniana papyrifera nigra saccharum rubrum palmatum griseum ginnala reticulata alnifolia sargentii cerasifera hybrids species and stellata 'Winter King' viridis kousa alternifolia virginicus canadensis hybrids species and Species hemlock Canadian Eastern hemlock, White cedar arborvitae, American Eastern or pine Eastern white Colorado spruce Oriental spruce spruce Serbian White spruce spruce Norway Dawn redwood Larch, Tamarack Eastern red cedar white cedar Atlantic false cypress Hinoki cedar Alaska false cypress, Nootka Fraser fir Concolor fir White fir, Balsam fir Littleleaf linden red oak Northern Pin oak Swamp white oak gum Tupelo, Black Tuliptree coffeetree Kentucky honeylocust Thornless common Ginkgo Green ash beech American yellowwood American hackberry Common Katsuratree Blue beech hornbeam, American Canoe birch Paper birch, River birch maple Rock Sugar maple, Swamp maple maple,Red Japanese maple Paperbark maple Amur maple Japanese tree lilac ash Korean mountain Sargent cherry Purple leafplum Crabapple Star magnolia Winter king Green hawthorn, Kousa dogwood Pagoda dogwood White fringetree Eastern redbud Juneberry Serviceberry,

¹Find your plant hardiness zone athttp://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/ Common Name Footnote: KEY 70 x40 70 x 70 x40 60 x 50 x30 90 x50 75 x50 70 x 80 x40 60 x50 70 x50 50 x 60 x 50 x30 25 x 70 x50 70 x50 100 x75 70 x40 or less 25 x 30 x20 20 x 30 x20 40 x30 40 x35 20 x10 cultivar) (varies w 25 x 20 x15 20 x 30 x 25 x30 20 x 25 x under 25 or 70 x35 40 x15 80 x40 60 x20 60 x15 60 x25 60 x20 60 x30 100 x25 (varies) 75 x30 (varies) 40 x20 50 x20 75 x20 45 x20 40 x25 75 x40 50 x25 Sh PS FS LIGHT Mature size shade full sun full partial sun/shade partial (ht x width, in feet) FS FS FS FS FS-PS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS-Sh FS FS FS-PS FS-PS FS-PS FS FS-PS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS FS-PS FS-Sh FS-PS FS-PS FS-PS FS-Sh FS-PS FS FS FS-PS FS-PS FS-PS FS FS-PS FS FS FS FS-PS FS FS-Sh FS-PS FS Light MS, WDS FS, ST MS, W ST, WDS MS, ST WDS DT DT WDS, ST, ST, DT W, DT, ST WDS WDS MS, DT MS MS ST MS, WDS, MS, W WDS W MS, WDS WDS ST WDS, DT, WDS WDS WDS WDS WDS MS WDS, DT WDS MS MS, W MS, WDS MS MS W DT, WDS WDS, DT, ST DT WDS, DT WDS, DT MS, WDS MS MS ST WDS, DT, W, MS MS, WDS MS MS, WDS WDS, DT MS Soil/Site ST MS DT salt tolerant drought tolerant moist soils moist ¹ USDA Cold 3(4) 3-5 3 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 3 4 4 3 4 3 2 3 4 3 5 5 3 3 3 4 5 5 4 5 3 4 4 3 3 3 2 4 4 2 2 5 2 3 4 4 4 4 4 3 Hardiness Zone no yes no yes yes no no no no yes yes no yes no yes yes no yes yes no no no no no no no no no no no yes no no yes yes yes yes no no no yes no no yes yes yes no no no no yes NH Native?

Pest Susceptibility 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SOIL/SITE

ALB Ranking (2-0) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 EAB 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 WDS W HWA good forgood wet areas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 2 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 EHS well-drained soils aphids, leafhoppers scales, borers, leafminers, webworm borers, Japanesebeetle, fire blight tent caterpillar, webworm, borer, lacebug Japanese beetle, monilinia blight borers, mites, applescab, fire mildew blight, powdery tent caterpillars, webworms, Japanesebeetle, aphids, scale Gymnosporangium rusts lacebug, borer, aphids, Japanesebeetle, borers, sawfly borers, sawfly mites stem canker, Verticillium wilt spider mite, leafhoppers, scales, mites, Japanesebeetle, Gymnosporangium rusts needleminer, borer hemlock looper, spidermites, hemlock looper, spidermites, leafminer scales, needlecasts sawflies, shootborers, weevil, aphids, Weir's cushionrust Rhizosphaera needlecast, stigmina needleblight, shoot galls, white pineweevil, spidermites, shoot galls, white pineweevil, spidermites shoot galls, white pineweevil, spidermites spider mites sawflies, looper, shootgalls, white pine weevil, Rhizosphaera needlecast shoot galls, white pineweevil, spidermites, Japanese beetle, mites casebearer, looper mites, tipblights, Gymnosporangium rusts spider mites, tipblights spider mites, juniperscale, tipblights spider mites, juniperscale, tipblights Rhizosphaera needleblights, Phytophthora root rot hemlock looper, aphids, spidermites, Phyllosticta & needle blights hemlock looper, aphids, Phyllosticta &Rhizosphaera Rhizosphaera needleblight, fir-fern rust hemlock looper, aphids, twig spidermites, Japanese beetle, aphids, borer, gypsymoth anthracnose leafrollers, lacebug, scales, galls, gypsymoth,mites, leafrollers, lacebug, scales, galls, gypsymoth,mites leafrollers, lacebug, scales, galls, gypsymoth,mites leafminer, scale aphids, scale webworm, mites, plantbug, gallmidge plantbug, lacebug, ashdecline, anthracnose Phytophthora canker disease,beech bark beechscale, aphids, scales, borers, leafminers, webworm galls gypsy moth,leafhoppers, anthracnose borers, leafminers, Japanesebeetle, Japanese beetle, gypsymoth,leafhoppers aphids, leafhoppers, anthracnose aphids, leafhoppers, anthracnose aphids, leafhopper, Verticillium wilt aphids, leafhoppers Oher Key Pests and Diseases 1 2 PEST SUSCEPTIBILITY RANKING (2-0) = occasional host host = good 0 = not aknown host Small leaves, red fallfoliage Large white flower panicles;notfragrant like common lilac White flowers inspring, goldenfall foliage Large pinkflowers inspring, bronze fall foliage, shiny bark New Hampshire; may beshort-lived Hardiest oftheflowering plums, useonlyinsouthern cultivars plant disease-resistant Flowers fruitred white orgold, orpink, bloomscanbedestroyed spring early Beautiful by late frost White flowers, small red fruit, peelingbark asflowering dogwooddisease-prone (C. florida) Creamy white flowers, red fruit;more hardy andnotas reddish fallfoliage forGood naturalizing; smallwhite flowers, red-black fruit, Large shruborsmalltree hardiness dependsonseedsource andmicroclimate reddish-pinkBeautiful bloombefore leaves appearinspring; fallfoliageEdible fruit, orange-red Best inshelteredBest locations, notexposed to drought orwind commonly usedasahedge to deerbrowseSubject andwinter browning; Fast grower, large whenmature very forms available cultivars are dwarf popular; Blue-needled Very narrow pyramidal form Tolerates adverse conditions better thanotherspruces deer damageisrare onspruce Prefers acidic, moistsoils, cool temperatures; good alongstreambeds Fast-growing deciduousconifer; needsspace, forms popular weeping &dwarf conifer,Deciduous fastgrowing incold climates; Tolerates poorsoils;goodfor screen orwindbreak One ofthebestevergreens for wet sites forms available Dwarf 'Pendula'weeping form, 20'tall More heat tolerant thanbalsamfir damageisrareDeer onfirs Grows bestincool areas crown;Dense adaptable All oaks produce acorns oaks, Faster-growing andeasierto transplant thanmany other chloroticoften onhighpHsoils Easier to transplant thanmany otheroaks, Attractive, slow-growing tree, excellent fallfoliage high upintree Use only in large flowers areas; tulip-like are attractive but very Use male cultivar to avoid messypods/seeds(which may betoxic) Adaptable messy fruit, yellow fallfoliage Slow-growing, plant maletrees onlyto avoid malodorous, preferred; selections Seedless yellow fallfoliage orweeping cultivars similar buthassomepurple-leaf Slow-growing butmassive whenmature, European beechis Fragrant white flowers inspring, yellow leaves infall Tolerates windandadverse conditions Leaves yellow infall, deerresistant Slow-growing, bluishgray yellow-orange fallfoliage bark, andyellow bark fallfoliageWhite papery yellowAttractive fallfoliage, peelingbark, deerresistant Yellow-orange fallfoliage;nearroads susceptible to saltinjury Trees appearred spring wheninbloomearly New Hampshire, bestinprotected sites Green orred leaves; onlyafew cultivars are cold hardy for Peeling goodfor cinnamon/copper small spaces bark; Other Notes often chloroticoften onhighpHsoils