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358655230017.Pdf Ecosistemas y recursos agropecuarios ISSN: 2007-9028 ISSN: 2007-901X Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Dirección de Investigación y Posgrado Estrada-Arellano, Josué Raymundo; Estrada-Castillón, Andres Eduardo; Salinas- Rodríguez, María Magdalena; Sánchez-Salas, Jaime; Rueda-Puente, Edgar Omar; Márquez-Hernández, Cándido Cactus diversity in the Sierra del Rosario, Durango, Mexico Ecosistemas y recursos agropecuarios, vol. 5, núm. 13, 2018, Enero-Abril, pp. 133-141 Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Dirección de Investigación y Posgrado DOI: https://doi.org/10.19136/era.a5n13.1024 Disponible en: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=358655230017 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Redalyc Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina y el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto Estrada-Arellano et al. Diversity of Cactaceae in Sierra del Rosario, Mexico Ecosist. Recur. Agropec. 5(13):133-141,2018 Cactus diversity in the Sierra del Rosario, Durango, Mexico Diversidad cactológica de la Sierra del Rosario, Durango, México Josué Raymundo Estrada-Arellano1, Andres Eduardo Estrada-Castillón2, María Magdalena Salinas- Rodríguez3∗, Jaime Sánchez-Salas1, Edgar Omar Rueda-Puente1, Cándido Márquez-Hernández1y 1Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Av. Universidad s/n, Fracc. Filadela, CP. 35010, Gómez Palacio, Durango, México. 2Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Carretera Nacional 85, Km. 145, Linares, Nuevo León, México. 3Herbario Isidro Palacios, Instituto de Investigaciones de Zonas Desérticas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Altair 200, Col. del Llano, CP. 78377, San Luis Potosí, México. ∗Corresponding author: [email protected] Scientic note received: 17 de febrero de 2016 accepted: 15 de mayo de 2017 ABSTRACT. The Sierra del Rosario is a calcareous mountainous area located in the northeast region of the state of Durango, where xerophilous vegetation and chaparral predominate. The aim of this study was to determine cactus diversity and distribution in the region. A list of cacti was obtained from 15, 3 km transects covering the vegetation of microphyllous desert shrubland, rosetophyllous desert shrubland and chaparral. A total of 33 species and 13 genera were recorded, with the most representative genera being Coryphantha, Echinocereus and Mammillaria. There are six species in some category of risk according to NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010, distributed in the genera Coryphantha, Glandulicactus and Peniocereus. No species was found at risk in the IUCN, while Coryphantha sneedii is in the CITES. Species richness estimators indicate that diversity ranges from 34 to 47 taxa. The greatest diversity is between 1 207 and 1 400 masl in the rosetophyllous desert shrubland. Key words: Cacti, conservation, diversity, risk, transects RESUMEN. La Sierra del Rosario es un área montañosa calcárea ubicada al noreste del estado de Durango. El objetivo fue conocer la diversidad cactológica y su distribución en la Sierra del Rosario. Se presenta un listado de cactáceas proveniente de 15 transectos de 3 km, en la vegetación de matorral desértico micrólo, matorral desértico rosetólo y chaparral. Se registraron 33 especies y 13 géneros, los géneros más representativos son Coryphantha, Echinocereus y Mammillaria. Se encontraron seis especies en alguna categoría de riesgo en la NOM-059-SEMARNAT- 2010, de los géneros Coryphantha, Glandulicactus y Peniocereus. No se encontró ninguna especie en riesgo en la UICN, mientras que en la CITES se encuentra Coryphantha sneedii. Los estimadores de riqueza de especies indican que la diversidad oscila entre 34 y 47 taxa. La mayor diversidad se encuentra entre 1 207 y 1 400 msnm en el matorral desértico rosetólo. Palabras clave: Cactáceas, conservación, diversidad, riesgo, transectos INTRODUCTION Mexico's arid landscape (Mabberley 1997), are dis- tributed in the north and center of the country. The family Cactaceae is one of the most There are around 1 400 species of cacti in the representative groups of angiosperms in the world (Mabberley 1997). In this respect, Villaseñor biological diversity of Mexico. It constitutes a (2016) indicates that the family Cactaceae is the diverse group of plants with great morphological seventh most diverse family with 62 genera and 677 and taxonomic variety (Hernández et al. 2007). species, of which 518 are endemic to Mexico, while Cacti, which are the most characteristic plants of Ortega-Baes and Godínez-Alvarez (2005) mention DOI: 10.19136/era.a5n13.1024 www.ujat.mx/era 133 Estrada-Arellano et al. Diversity of Cactaceae in Sierra del Rosario, Mexico Ecosist. Recur. Agropec. 5(13):133-141,2018 that Mexico is the country with the most endemic through canyons, ravines, streams and hills during cactus species, with around 49 %. At present, the the spring, summer and autumn of 2013 and 2014. family faces ecological, biogeographical and anthro- In each transect, species, vegetation type according pogenic threats that put them at risk of extinction, to the classication of INEGI (2011), elevation of such as restricted geographical distribution, long life the site and photographic material of the cactus cycles, low growth rates, land-use change and illegal present were recorded (Lebgue et al. 2011). The in- collection of their populations for sale in the black dividuals found were photographed to identify them market (Godínez-Álvarez et al. 2003). with the aid of Guzmán et al. (2007) and Lebgue et The State of Durango stands out for having al. (2011). The status of species in a risk category a varied complexity of physiography and cli- was obtained from NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010, mates, which translates into plant species richness the International Union for the Conservation of Na- (González et al. 1991). The Sierra del Rosario is a ture (IUCN) and the Convention on International mountainous massif of sedimentary origin covering Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and 70 000 ha located in the northeast section of the Flora (CITES). State of Durango, within the bioregion of the Great Chihuahuan Desert, which forms the westernmost Richness estimators portion of the physiographic subprovince of the Species richness and estimation of sampling Sierras Transversales of the Sierra Madre Oriental eciency were analyzed using the non-parametric (INEGI 2001). For all of the above, the aim of Ace, Chao 1, Chao 2, Jackknife 1, Jackknife 2 and this research was to determine cactus diversity and Bootstrap estimators, using EstimateS software ver- distribution in the Sierra del Rosario. sion 9.1 (Colwell 2013). To evaluate the estima- tors, the species accumulation curves were visually MATERIALS AND METHODS analyzed; it was thought that the most appropriate richness estimators are those whose accumulation Study area curves had a high initial growth rate and dened The Sierra del Rosario is located in the asymptote (Gotelli and Colwell 2001, López and northeast region of the State of Durango, at Williams 2006). coordinates 25◦ 45 54.94' and 25◦ 15 41.21' NL, 104◦ 03 18.18' and 103◦ 43 42.15' WL, Abundance models with an approximately 70 000 ha area (Figure 1). Four chi-square goodness of t tests of abun- Its orography is composed of mountain ranges, dance were performed with the Past 3 program, plateaus, ravines and intermontane valleys with per species obtained from the sampled sites with minimum and maximum elevations of 1 206 and 2 respect to the log-normal distribution, logarithmic 833 masl, respectively. It is composed of limestone series, broken stick model and geometric series rocks and lithosol soils, with average annual rainfall (Moreno and Halter 2001, Magurran 2004), in of 290 mm and an average temperature of 17.5 ◦C. order to determine a possible model that describes Its main type of vegetation (59.5%) consists of rose- the structure and state of the community to which tophyllous desert shrubland, followed by chaparral the abundance data of the species are tted. (35%), microphyllous desert shrubland (4.2%) and grasslands (1.3%). Similarity index A presence-absence matrix of the species Field work identied in the 15 sampling transects was Fifteen 3 km transects were made based on constructed, with which a cluster analysis was per- accessibility, in an attempt to cover all types of formed using the Sorensen similarity index. To vegetation present in the Sierra del Rosario, passing determine the similarity among sampling sites, the www.ujat.mx/era DOI: 10.19136/era.a5n13.1024 134 Estrada-Arellano et al. Diversity of Cactaceae in Sierra del Rosario, Mexico Ecosist. Recur. Agropec. 5(13):133-141,2018 Figure 1. Vegetation types of the Sierra del Rosario and location of the sampling transects. dendrogram was constructed using the UPGMA genera, of which 30 species were in a conservation method (McCune 1995) with MVSP software 3.2. category, six in NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010, 23 in the IUCN and one in Appendix I of CITES (Ta- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ble 1). The genera Coryphantha, Echinocereus and Mammillaria were the most representative (Figure We identied a total of 33 species and 13 2). In this regard, Hernández et al. (2004) mention DOI: 10.19136/era.a5n13.1024 www.ujat.mx/era 135 Estrada-Arellano et al. Diversity of Cactaceae in Sierra del Rosario, Mexico Ecosist. Recur. Agropec. 5(13):133-141,2018 Table 1. List of cactus ora of the Sierra del Rosario. Species NOM-059 IUCN CITES Corynopuntia schottii (Engelm.) F.M.Knuth MC Coryphantha cornifera (DC.) Lem. MC Coryphantha delaetiana A. Berger. Coryphantha durangensis (Runge ex K. Schum.) Britton & Rose. Pr MC Coryphantha echinus (Engelm.) Orcutt. Coryphantha poselgeriana (A. Dietr.) Britton & Rose. T MC Coryphantha pseudoechinus Boed. Pr MC Coryphantha ramillosa Cutak. T MC Coryphantha sneedii (Britton & Rose) A Berger I Cylindropuntia imbricata (Haw.) F.M. Knuth. MC Cylindropuntia kleiniae (DC.) MC Cylindropuntia leptocaulis (DC.) F.M. Knuth. MC Echinocactus horizonthalonius Lem.
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