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ARAB FEDERATION OF PSYCHIATRISTS اﻟﻤﺠﻠﺪ ٣١ اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ٢٠٢٠ Vo.31 No .2 Nov. 2020 The Arab Journal of Psychiatry (2020) Vol. 31 No.2 The Arab Journal of Psychiatry Editorial Board Editor in Chief Associate Editors Statistics Consultant Walid Sarhan - Jordan Abdul Manaf Aljadri - Jordan Kathy Sheehan - USA Founder and Past Editor in Chief Numan Ali - Iraq Adnan Takriti - Jordan Adib Essali - New Zealand Executive Secretary Deputy Editors Fakher Eleslam - Egypt Raja Nasrallah - Jordan Momtaz Abdelwahab - Egypt Elie Karam - Lebanon Jamel Turkey - Tunisia Treasurer Tarek Al Habib - Saudi Arabia English Language Editor Hussein Alawad - Jordan Honorary Editors Tori Snell – UK Website: Ahmad Okasha - Egypt http://arabjournalpsychiatry.com Editorial Board Nasser Shuriquie - Jordan Nayel Aladwan - Jordan Elham Khatab - Iraq Basil Alchalabi - Iraq Amjad Jumaian - Jordan Mohamad Abo Saleh - UK Wail Abohemdy - Egypt Abdalhamid Al Ali - Jordan Malek Bajbouj - Germany George Karam - Lebanon Tareq Okasha - Egypt Charlotte Kamel - Bahrain Adel Zayed - Kuwait Samah Jaber - Palestine Ahmad Alhadi - Saudi Arabia Afaf Hamed - Egypt Ali Alqam - Jordan Khaled Abd El Moez - Egypt Maha Yonis - Iraq Ziad Alarandi- Palestine Hassan Almaleh - Syria Issam Alansari - Kuwait Aimee Karam - Lebanon Hamed Alsinawi - Oman Munther Al Muqbali -Oman Suhaila Ghuloum - Qatar Yousra Alatiq - Saudi Arabia Medhat Elsabbahy - UAE Nasser Loza - Egypt Mazen Hedar - Syria Mazen Hamoudi - UAE Hani Hamed - Egypt Munir Al Aboushi Saudi Arabia Charles Baddoura -Lebanon Qassim Al-Awadi - Iraq Driss Moussaoui - Morocco Tareq Molokhia - Egypt Mai Eisa – Egypt Hisham Ramy - Egypt Editorial Assistants - Jordan Radwan Bani Mustafa Mohamad Dabbas Nayel Al Adwan Tayseer Elias Basma Kilani Hashem Fakhouri Bahjat Abderrahim Ahmad Jaloudi Ahid Husni Jana Zabalawi Walid Shnaiqat Mohamad Shoqirat Nesrin Dabbas Ahmad Alsalem Nasri Jasser Lara Alqam Ayman Rabie Mohamad Shakour Lyali Abbasi Naim Jaber Zuhair Dabagh Saed Al-Shunnaq Nabil Alhmoud Alaa Albeshtawi Maher Al-Asasleh Ahmad yousef Maen Alabki Maxim Obaisat Raafat Abo Rumman Mohamad Awab Abu Danoon Saleh El Helou Abdallah Abu Adas Nader Smadi Najib Alqsous Ahmad Dabour Malik Alwan Tareq Hijawi Faris Barham Faiq Shaban Mohamad AbuSalih Awni Abu Halimah Ahmad Al Masri Ahmad Alghzawi Laith Abbadi Montaser Hyari The Arab Journal of Psychiatry (2020) Vol. 31 No.2 Instruction to Authors The Arab Journal of Psychiatry (AJP) is published by the Arab Federation of Psychiatrists since 1989 in Jordan. The Journal is biannual published in May and November electronically. Original scientific reports, review articles, and articles describing the clinical practice of Psychiatry will be of interest for publication in AJP. The Articles should not be published before. The articles may be written in English or Arabic and should always be accompanied by an abstract in English and Arabic. All Papers are accepted upon the understanding that the work has been performed in accordance with national and International laws and ethical guidelines. Manuscripts submitted for publication in the Arab Journal of Psychiatry should be sent to: The Chief Editor. Papers are submitted in electronic form Title, running head (Max: 40 letters), title of the article in English and Arabic, the names of authors should be without their titles and addresses in both languages. Abstract in English (max: 200 words). It should follow a structured format (objectives, method, results and conclusion). It should be followed by key words (max. 5). Declaration of interest after the key words. Names of authors, titles, and full addresses and address for correspondence at the end of the paper. Acknowledgment of support and persons who have had major contribution to the study can be included after the references. Arabic abstract like the English abstract should follow a structured format. In addition, it follows the references section (last page). All Pages should be numbered. Tables Tables should be typed with double-spaced in separate pages. They should be numbered with Arabic (e.g1, 2, 3) numerals and have a short descriptive headings. Illustrations All illustration should be submitted camera-ready; line drawings/diagrams should be approximately twice the size they will appear in the journal. Reference List References should follow the ‘Van Couver style’ only the numbers appear in the text. List them consecutively in the order in which they appear in the text (not alphabetically). Example of references: Zeigler FJ, Imboden, JB, Meyer E. Contemporary conversion reactions: a clinical study. Am. J. Psychiatry 1960: 116:901 – 10. Mosey AC. Occupational therapy. Configuration of a profession. New York: Raven Press, 1981. Mailing Address: Dr. Walid Sarhan - The Chief Editor -The Arab Journal of Psychiatry P.O. Box 541212 Postal Code 11937 Amman – Jordan Tel: 00962 – 6 – 5335446 Fax: 00962 – 6 – 5349763 Email: [email protected], [email protected] Journal Website: http://arabjournalpsychiatry.com/ The Arab Journal of Psychiatry (0202) Vol. 31 No.2 Letter from the Editor November 2020 Dear Colleagues, COVID-19 continues to hold the world’s attention and focus during these unprecedented times. The current volume of the Arab Journal of Psychiatry includes several articles in which the mental health effects of the virus are well considered. Important themes are emerging that point to notable areas of required study, such as the neuropsychological sequelae for survivors of the disease and the psychological and psychiatric morbidity experienced by frontline staff. I encourage you to keep going with your investigations into these burgeoning areas of scientific research and to submit what you discover to the AJP for publication. Together we provide strong representation for the Middle East and North Africa to the rest of the world by showcasing the best possible articles that reflect our knowledge of the impact of war and conflict on our communities; our insights into culture and mental health; and our rich history. I hope you enjoy this latest edition, which reflects the collaborative efforts of many Arab and Western researchers as well as the singular efforts of esteemed colleagues. Sincerely, Walid Sarhan Editor-in-Chief Amman, Jordan The Arab Journal of Psychiatry (2020) Vol. 31 Table of Contents Review article . Current Pharmacological Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Sudad Jawad Al-Timimi, Nahla Fawzi Jamil ………………………………………………………………...……. 98 COVID-19 . Anxiety in Lebanon during the COVID-19 Pandemic Emilio Alhachem, Georges Haddad, Eliane Nagib, Werner Ikdais, Myriam Akkari …………………………….. 105 . COVID-19 Outbreak in a Locked Psychiatric Rehabilitation Unit and the Impact on Patients Treated with Clozapine Sudad J Al-Timimi, Alistair Sinfield, Nahla F Jamil ………………………………………………………………120 . Neurological and Psychiatric Consequences of COVID-19 Epidemic Adib Essali ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..….124 Original papers . Saudi Adolescents’ Reports of the Relationship between Parental Factors, Social Support and Mental Health Problems Nouf Abdullah Alshehri, Murat Yildirim & Panos Vostanis ……………………………………………………. 130 . Attitudes of Undergraduate Medical Students in Baghdad Toward Mental Disorders and People with Mental Health Difficulties Raad Saady Madhloom, Numan S Ali, Tori Snell ………………………………………………………………....144 . Body Image Disturbance and Self-Esteem after Hysterectomy in Egyptian Women Mohamed Adel El-Hadidy; Abdelhady Zayed ………………………………………………………………….... 150 . Assessment of Mental Health Literacy of Depression and Suicide among Undergraduate Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study Eman Elsheshtawy, Miriam Simon, Sirous Golchinheydari, Jawaher Al Kharusi ……………………………...…159 . Mental Health and Psychosocial Challenges Facing Adolescent Girls in Conflict-Affected Settings: The Case of the Gaza Strip Bassam Abu Hamad, Nicola Jones and Fiona Samuels …………………………………………………………... 169 . Eating Disorder Symptoms among Medical Students at Suez Canal University Sarah E. Bakr, Magda T. Fahmy, Khaled A. Mohamed, Haydy H. Said …………………………………………. 181 History . Bimaristan Arghun Al-Kamili in Aleppo, Syria: A Mental Hospital with Unique Architecture Designed to Meet Patient Need in Medieval Islam (1354 AD) Mohammed T Abou-Saleh, Ihsan M Salloum ……………………………………………………………………. 191 Book review . I Lived Life Jana Zabalawi…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 196 The Arab Journal of Psychiatry (0202) Vol. 31 No.2 Page (98 - 104) (doi-10.12816/0056860) Current Pharmacological Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Sudad Jawad Al-Timimi, Nahla Fawzi Jamil العﻻج الدوائي الحالي ﻻضطراب الوسواس القهري سداد جواد التميمي ونهلة فوزي جميل Abstract bsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) has moved from an anxiety disorder to a new distinct group of mental O disorders. The pharmacological basis for management of OCD is now better understood, and the guidelines for use of medication have proliferated in the past few years. This article reviews the current recommendations and the basis for the use of medication for the treatment of OCD. Key words: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, drug treatment Declaration of interest: None Introduction Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) remains one of is further qualified according to insight (fair-good, and the most challenging mental disorders to manage in poor-absent), and with panic attacks. clinical practice. The symptoms of OCD are often detected in other psychiatric disorders, and their Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is classified under management could be