Vehicle Recycling Manual

A Guide for Vehicle Recyclers

You Auto Recycle The Key to a Better Environment

Department of Ecology Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction Program October, 1997 Publication No. 97-433

printed on recycled paper The Department of Ecology’s mission is simple: To protect, preserve and enhance Washington’s environment. These are responsibilities of great magnitude and we need your help. Consider how your daily actions affect the environment and take an active interest in pollution prevention.

This booklet, put together cooperatively with the Department of Ecology and the Automotive Recyclers of Washington, briefly identifies areas of interest to your industry and provides some helpful information on how to reduce and manage waste at the source.

This booklet is not intended to be a substitute for the state’s “Dangerous Waste Regulations.” For “up to date” information regarding specific or regulatory questions, your nearest Ecology regional office has specialists in the following programs: hazardous waste, solid waste, water quality and air quality. We are here to help!

✔ On-Site Technical Assistance ✔ Information and Referral Hotline ✔ Resource Center ✔ Workshops and Seminars ✔ Materials Exchange Information

Contact the Department of Ecology at the phone number shown on the map below.

(425) 649-7000

(509) 575-2490 (509) 456-2926

(360) 407-6300

AUTOMOTIVE RECYCLERS of WASHINGTON 1233 S Director St Seattle, Washington 98108 206-767-3149 / Fax 206-767-3291 Introduction

Approximately 275 million tons of Waste reduction and pollution preven- hazardous waste are generated each year in tion practices can benefit the vehicle recycling the United States. That is enough to fill the industry in many ways, including: Louisiana Super Dome 7 times each year. That equates to about one ton of hazardous ● A healthier, safer work environment for waste for every American man, woman, and you and your employees generating child. Manufacturing even a simple product possible dollar savings in medical produces hazardous waste. For example, the insurance, fewer sick days, and increased manufacture of a tennis ball creates 50 production. different hazardous waste streams, stain ● Protection of yourself and others from resistant carpet creates 118 different waste serious injury or illnesses. streams, and a large car (fully loaded, of ● Avoidance of long-term liability con- course) creates eight 55-gallon drums of cerns. Remember, you are legally and hazardous waste during manufacturing! financially responsible for the proper These wastes can pollute groundwater, handling of your wastes. rivers, lakes, aquifers, air, and the soil that ● Maintaining the ability to get insurance or we grow our food in and live on. It only bank loans. takes one gallon of used oil to pollute one ● Minimizing the chances of not being able million gallons of drinking water. to sell your property due to contamination problems. Ever since vehicles were first manufac- ● Substantial monetary savings on hazard- tured in the early 1900s, they have been ous waste management costs. reused and recycled. The recycling system is ● Avoiding costly waste transportation and heavily dependent on vehicle recyclers. disposal costs. When an automobile is no longer usable, it ● Reducing regulatory requirements. generally ends up in the hands of a recycler. ● Reducing operation costs by using less The United States vehicle recycling and raw or new materials. shredding industry is a multi-billion dollar a ● Saving money when you buy and use year business. Vehicle recyclers play a only what you need. valuable role by rebuilding, recovering, and ● Thinking of everything as a product. reselling usable parts from worn out or Selling or exchanging surplus materials damaged vehicles, as well as recycling with other businesses may produce materials that cannot be used in their present additional income for your business. form. They make it easy for consumers to ● Creating a great marketing and public find clean, used parts for all types of ve- relations tool. Tell everyone that your hicles. Even though generation of wastes are business is environmentally responsible! some times unavoidable, vehicle recyclers improve the quality of our environment through good waste management practices.

The Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction Program 1 What Happens When You Auto Recycle! the Vehicle Gets to the Yard? Here are the facts: ● Approximately 10 million vehicles are recycled annually. All businesses are different—some are ● At least 95% of all cars scrapped in the larger than others, some perform tasks that United States are collected for reuse and others do not. The following list offers some recycling. helpful best management practices for any ● Cars are the number 1 recycled product in size vehicle recycler. the United States. ● 75% of the material in a vehicle is Incoming cars currently recycled, as opposed to about 4 Inspect incoming vehicles for leaks in 61% of aluminum cans. ● engines, radiators, transmissions, differ- Vehicle recycling generates approxi- entials, fuel tanks and damaged areas. mately 12 million tons of recycled steel 4 Place drip pans under leaks to collect all every year in the United States. That is fluids. 37% of all ferrous scrap to the scrap 4 Remove fuel, refrigerants, and battery as processing industry generating an energy soon as possible. savings of approximately 74%— enough 4 Drain all fluids from vehicles over a energy to power 18 million households concrete drip pad before crushing or for one year. ● storing on bare ground. This includes Recycling saves an estimated 85 million fluids in: engines, radiators, transmis- barrels of oil that would otherwise be sions, heater cores, brake lines, differen- used to manufacture new replacement tials, all lines and hoses, fuel tanks, air parts. ● conditioning units and window washing Recycling one car conserves 2,500 fluid tanks. Remove and capture refriger- pounds of iron ore, 1,000 pounds of coal ants. and 40 pounds of limestone. 4 ● Remove used engines through the hood. Recycling steel reduces air pollution by Do not tip vehicles on their sides. This 86%, water use by 40%, water pollution allows fluids to run out and spill on the by 97% and mining wastes by 97%. ground. Everyone has a vested interest in vehicle recycling. Using recycled materials in the manufacture of new vehicles can reduce costs for both automakers and consumers while conserving valuable natural resources.

2 A Guide for Vehicle Recyclers Waste Reduction - A Good Start Use good operating practices Waste is defined as any material you 4 Do not let liquids evaporate; maintain intend to discard. Waste is considered equipment to prevent leaks and spills; yours if your actions or business operations monitor usage. cause clean material to become contami- 4 Maintain equipment and use drip pans nated and unusable for its intended, origi- to minimize the use of any absorbents. nal purpose. If waste is on your property If you must use absorbents, consider (even if someone else dumped it there or reusable or combustible materials. left it behind) you are responsible for it. 4 LABEL everything (including small The greatest economic and environmental spray bottles) to avoid cross contami- benefits come from avoiding the generation nation. This will facilitate recycling. of waste in the first place. 4 Keep all chemicals in closed, covered Material is considered a waste until or sealed containers. recycling makes it usable again. Recycling 4 Always use funnels or pumps when is better than disposal, but is still less transferring or dispensing chemicals. beneficial than waste reduction. These 4 Place a platform or step next to storage ideas should help to reduce waste, free up drums so employees do not have to lift labor, and may provide you payback on drain pans above their waists. investments. 4 Seal floor drains. Do not discharge To begin processed waste water to the ground, 4 Take a walk through your business and dry wells or septic systems. look at all the processes that use Recycle wastes and waste water which chemicals or generate solid, liquid or you cannot reduce. air wastes. 4 Consider putting dirty floor washing 4 Do not let yourself get overwhelmed! water into your spray cabinet instead Make small incremental changes. of down the drain. 4 Ask yourself if there is a way you can change a process so that it does not produce a waste or if you can lower the toxicity of the products you use. Substitute a less toxic raw material 4 Switch to non-chlorinated compounds or a cabinet parts washer for parts cleaning. 4 Always ask for a material safety data sheet before ordering any new product. Biodegradable does not necessarily mean environmentally safe, or that the product is exempt from regulations. Safe products that become mixed with hazardous substances may need to be handled as hazardous waste. Call Ecology for help if you are unsure.

The Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction Program 3 The following types of wastes may be Used oils include but are not limited to the produced by the vehicle recycling industry following: during dismantling or disassembly: Motor oil Transmission fluid Possible Hazardous Wastes Lubricating oil ñ Used Oil Gear oil ñ Used Oil Burned in Space Heaters Cutting oil ñ Used Oil Filters Hydraulic oil ñ Transmission Fluid Differential oil ñ Transmission Filters Power-steering fluid ñ Brake Fluid Transaxle fluid ñ Antifreeze ñ Refrigerant (CFCs) 4 Store used oil in a leak-proof and closed ñ Fuel and Fuel Filters container. ñ Lead-acid Batteries 4 Do not accidentally contaminate your ñ Lead Parts used oil with even small amounts of ñ Mercury Switches brake cleaner, carb cleaner, or solvents. ñ Waste Water Even small amounts of chlorinated ñ Sump Sludges solvents turn recyclable used oil into ñ Air Emissions dangerous waste. Purchase and use non- ñ Spray Cans chlorinated aerosol solvents. ñ Windshield Washer Fluid 4 Drain and collect all oils on a covered ñ Air Bags and curbed, impermeable concrete area ñ Auto Fluff away from any drains. ñ Shop Towels 4 Used oils can be mixed together and ñ Auto Body Shop Waste stored in the same container. However, ñ Asbestos check with your oil disposal company or ñ Contaminated Soil Department of Ecology (Ecology) before mixing any wastes together in the same Non-hazardous Wastes drum. In addition, burning mixed used ñ Dust oils of significantly different viscosities ñ Tires has been reported to cause oil heater feed ñ Plastics lines to clog. ñ Glass 4 Label properly. “Used Oil Only” ñ Empty Containers 4 Regularly check all used oil storage containers. Used oils 4 Used oil may be recycled by: Recovery and re-refining by an oil hauler Used oil is defined as any oil that has or fuel marketer or, burning in an been refined from crude oil that has been approved on-site heating unit or sent off used and as a result of such use is contami- site to be burned for energy recovery. nated by physical or chemical impurities. Do Check with Ecology for requirements. not accidentally contaminate your used oil 4 Do not mix antifreeze, solvents, gasoline, with even small amounts of brake cleaner, degreasers, paint or anything else with carb cleaner, or other wastes. This could turn used oil. your used oil into hazardous wastes. 4 Do not mix brake fluid with used oil. Collect and dispose of separately.

4 A Guide for Vehicle Recyclers Used Oil Burned in Space Heaters Transmission Fluid Do not burn oil for disposal, this is Transmission fluid is not regulated as a illegal. Burn oil for heating only. hazardous waste unless it is not recycled or it The kinds of used oils that may be has been mixed or contaminated with burned in space heaters are: hazardous wastes such as solvents, brake 1.) Any used oil from do-it-yourself oil cleaner or carb cleaner. changers who generate used oil as a 4 Do manage transmission fluids like you household waste, manage used oil. 2.) On-specification oil from any source, 4 Do not dispose of transmission fluid in a (see criteria below) storm drain, septic tank, dry well, sewer 3.) Off-specification used oil provided that system or dumpster. the heater burns only used oil that the owner or operator generates, the heater Transmission Filters is designed for a maximum capacity of Transmission filters should be handled not more than 0.5 million BTU per hour like used oil filters. This means that transmis- and the combustion gases from the sion filters are exempt from state hazardous heater are vented to the outside. waste requirements if they are recycled or If your business burns used oil for properly disposed of in a landfill or hazard- energy recovery, check with your state or ous waste facility. local air quality division to inquire about air 4 Remove fluid by draining for 24 hours. quality requirements, and check with state 4 Keep drained filters in a container building code personnel to inquire about marked “Used Transmission Filters building codes for the installation and use of Only.” the burner. 4 Put oil drained from filters in your “Used On-specification oil means the used Oil Only” container. oil meets the following specifications: ♦ 4 Do not put undrained filters in the Flash point 100 degrees Fahrenheit dumpster. minimum ♦ Arsenic 5 parts per million (ppm) Brake Fluid maximum Shops occasionally deal with small ♦ Cadmium 2 ppm maximum amounts of brake fluid. Because brake fluid ♦ Chromium 10 ppm maximum is not crude-based, it shouldn’t be treated as ♦ Lead 100 ppm maximum used oil. Brake fluid itself is typically ♦ Total halogens 4000 ppm maximum hazardous, due to toxicity. Brake fluid also ♦ PCB 2 ppm maximum becomes hazardous when it gets contami- Off-specification oil is any oil that nated with chlorinated solvents from spray exceeds one of the maximum concentrations can brake cleaner. listed above. 4 Collect brake fluid in a separate, marked, Used Oil Filters closed container. 4 Look for a waste hauler that will recycle Used oil filters, except those from used brake fluid. heavy trucks are exempted from state and 4 Do not put brake fluid down any drain or federal hazardous waste requirements. Used on the ground. oil filters should be punctured and drained for 24 hours, then crushed and kept in a separate container. 4 Keep drained filters in a separate container marked “Used Oil Filters ONLY”. 4 Recycle used oil filters that have been drained and crushed. 4 Put oil drained from filters into your “Used Oil Only” container.

The Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction Program 5 Antifreeze Antifreeze is commonly made up of It is illegal to vent CFCs into the ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or another environment. This includes Freon, R-12 and chemical that will transfer heat from a R-134a that is being reclaimed or recycled. vehicle engine to its radiator. Antifreeze often Spent CFCs not reclaimed or recycled and becomes contaminated with traces of fuel, CFCs used as solvents are considered metal particles and grit. Some recent toxicity dangerous waste. characteristic tests have shown lead, benzene, CFCs are processed by using one of and other contaminants present at levels these methods: which make antifreeze a hazardous waste. Recovery—removing refrigerant from Still bottoms, antifreeze filters or solids air conditioning units and storing it in a should also be handled as hazardous waste. container without testing or processing it or Flushing wastes are not considered the Reclaiming—processing refrigerant, same as antifreeze and are not typically usually by distillation, until it meets resale hazardous if generated through simple water specifications. rinsing with a hose. Reusable or recycled 4 Have certified technicians remove antifreeze can be used in facility vehicles, refrigerants from all vehicles using EPA sold or given away. Fact sheets on antifreeze approved recovery equipment. management are available by request from 4 Verify that all vehicles entering the Ecology. facility without refigerant have had the 4 Drain antifreeze from radiators and refrigerant removed using the proper heater cores as soon as possible. methods. 4 Determine if the antifreeze is reusable or 4 Store refrigerant in tanks that meet waste fluid. federal Department of Transportation 4 Store antifreeze in closed containers on (DOT) or Underwriters Laboratory (UL) an impermeable concrete surface with standards. spill controls. Consider keeping anti- 4 Sell refrigerant only to certified techni- freeze in two separate, closed containers: cians or certified reclaiming facilities one for antifreeze that cannot be reused who will reclaim it to its original purity marked “WASTE ANTIFREEZE specifications. ONLY,” and one marked “USABLE 4 Reuse refrigerant only in vehicle air ANTIFREEZE ONLY.” conditioning units owned by your 4 Recycle by reuse, distillation, filtration facility. or ion exchange. Recycling can be done 4 Dispose of filters from CFC recapture as on-site or off-site by a antifreeze recy- hazardous waste. cling service. 4 Do not mix waste antifreeze with any Fuel and Fuel Filters other waste. 4 Remove fuel tanks as soon as possible 4 Do not dispose of antifreeze down storm after the vehicle enters the facility. drains, in septic tanks, dry wells, sewer 4 Determine if fuel is reusable or waste systems or on bare ground. fuel. 4 Label containers clearly. “Reusable Refrigerant (CFCs) Fuel” or “Waste Fuel.” One of the single largest users of 4 Store waste fuel in closed, leak-proof refrigerant chlorofluorocarbons, or CFCs, is containers. automotive air conditioning. It accounts for 4 Reusable fuel may be used in facility or over 20% of all the CFCs used in this employee vehicles. country. CFCs refer to the Freon, R-12 and 4 Do not mix fuel with any other waste R-134a used in air conditioning units. They streams. are a family of chemicals that are stable, 4 Drain excess fuel from filters into a nonflammable and noncorrosive. If released proper fuel container. into the air, CFCs drift into the upper atmo- 4 Accumulate used fuel filters in a sepa- sphere and destroy the ozone layer that rate, fireproof container marked “Used protects the Earth from harmful ultraviolet Fuel Filters Only.” radiation.

6 A Guide for Vehicle Recyclers Mercury Switches 4 Fuel filters should be handled as hazard- Mercury is a highly toxic metal often ous waste and disposed of accordingly. found in the hood or trunk light switches of Some landfills will take used fuel filters older vehicles. Once released into the if they are punctured and drained for 24 environment, mercury cannot be eliminated. hours. Check with your local landfill for 4 Remove all mercury switches from the information. vehicle as soon as possible. 4 Be careful not to break or puncture the Lead-Acid Batteries mercury container during removal. Spent lead-acid batteries contain lead 4 Store mercury switches in a leak-proof, and corrosive acids which are considered closed container. Store in a way that will hazardous waste if they are not recycled or prevent the capsules from breaking. returned to a battery manufacturer. 4 Recycle mercury switches with a 4 Test batteries to determine usability or licensed metals recycler that reclaims resale quality. mercury. 4 If spent, remove lead cable ends from batteries and store lead parts in a covered Wastewater Management container that is strong enough to hold Wastewater is water that has been used the weight of the lead. for a purpose such as engine cleaning and 4 Leave lead battery cable ends attached to will be disposed of. All process wastewater scrap batteries for recycling. should go to a sanitary sewer and not to any 4 Place cracked or leaking batteries in a other type of drain. Check with your local closed leak-proof storage container or on sewage plant for information on discharge a curbed, impermeable asphalt surface limits and to obtain a discharge permit if with spill controls. Battery acid can required or to find out where your drains degrade concrete. lead. Fact sheets are available from Ecology 4 Store batteries indoors. If stored out- for more information: “Floor Drains and doors, the area should be covered to keep Generator Liability,” “Process Waste Water rainwater from collecting and causing Disposal Associated with Vehicle Mainte- runoff. Protect batteries from freezing. nance,” “So, You Have This Floor Sump...,” “Wastewater Discharge Permits in Washing- Lead Parts ton State” and “Water Quality in Washington Lead is a well known toxic substance. State.” The amount of lead found in a single BB or 4 Use either an on-site capture and reuse shotgun pellet is enough to contaminate an system for wastewater or have a connec- entire truckload of auto fluff, making it tion to a city sewer and wastewater hazardous waste and requiring costly dis- treatment facility with the proper posal. permitting. 4 Remove lead tire weights and battery 4 Floor cleaning waste water may be cable ends before crushing vehicles. contaminated with heavy metals and Battery cable ends may be left on usable grease that need to be treated before batteries and recycled along with the discharging to the sewer. If not contami- batteries. nated, the water may go to an oil/water 4 Remove other known sources of lead separator (or other type of appropriate from vehicles when practical. system) and then the sanitary sewer. 4 Store lead parts in a covered container 4 Recycle floor mop water into cabinet that is strong enough to hold the weight washers. of the lead. 4 Steam cleaning, pressure washing and 4 Recycle lead parts with a metals or spray cabinet wastewater should go to an battery recycler. oil/water separator (or other type of appropriate system) and then the sanitary sewer.

The Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction Program 7 Wastewater Management (cont.) Air Emissions, Toxic Air Pollutants, 4 Recirculate and reuse water until and VOCs (Volatile Organic unusable. Compounds) 4 Evaporate cabinet washer water to These emissions may result from reduce its volume. running engines, the volatilization of gasoline 4 Keep floors clean to begin with. Catch and solvents, CFCs from air conditioning leaks before they hit the floor. units, airborne substances from spray cans or Sump Sludges cutting and welding when dismantling and cleaning. A permit from your state or local Sludges from your sump or oil/water county or city air program may be necessary separator may be hazardous waste. You will if you generate hazardous, toxic or odorous need to test sludge at a professional labora- air emissions. tory to determine if it is hazardous, or save 4 Try to control hazardous emissions at the testing costs and assume the waste is source: keep drums, containers and hazardous and manage it accordingly. washers covered and turned off when not 4 If sludge tests as a hazardous waste, in use. send it to a hazardous waste manage- 4 To minimize risk from CFCs, EPA ment facility. approved equipment must be used only 4 Do not put hazardous sludge in the by a certified technician. dumpster or on the ground. 4 Do not air dry solvent-soaked towels or 4 Do not use a septic tank pumping parts. service to remove this sludge. There is 4 Label everything down to the smallest no legal, environmentally safe way for bottle!!!!!! these services to dispose of the waste if it is hazardous. Prevent and Suppress Dust Listed below are some techniques to prevent and suppress dust. 4 Vegetate or mulch areas that don’t receive traffic. 4 Apply gravel or rock, or pave areas. 4 Clear vegetation only from areas you will be working in immediately. 4 Construct natural or artificial wind breaks or wind screens. 4 Apply water to reduce emissions from temporary sources. 4 Surface apply chemical suppressants to non-traveled areas. Used oil cannot be used for this purpose. 4 Lower speed limits on roads. 4 Cover piles to protect from wind. Ecology has a very informative Focus sheet entitled “Techniques for Dust Preven- tion and Suppression.” Call today and request it!

8 A Guide for Vehicle Recyclers Spray Cans Windshield Washing Fluid If you throw out partially empty spray Although window washing fluid is cans of products like brake cleaner or carb mainly alcohol, water and detergent, it may cleaner, they are typically regulated as contain small amounts of antifreeze. hazardous waste because they contain 4 Reuse window washing fluid in recy- ignitable, chlorinated solvents. cling facility or employee vehicles. 4 Use the entire spray can before starting 4 Sell or give away reclaimed window another. washing fluid to customers. 4 If a spray can malfunctions, handle as a 4 Store window washing fluid in covered hazardous waste or consider returning it containers on a curbed, impermeable, to your supplier. concrete surface with spill controls. 4 Use refillable spray cans that do not mist 4 Label containers properly. the spray. Consider phasing out spray 4 Do not pour window washing fluid down cans. sanitary sewer, storm water sewers or septic drains. Tires Air Bags More than 50% of the nation’s rubber Most new cars come equipped with air supply is used to make tires. About 242 bags. The propellant used in air bags is million tires are scrapped in the United States sodium azide, a hazardous substance which is each year. Up to 80% of tires are now dangerous if inhaled and may burn exposed retreaded, recycled, or used as fuel. Tire skin. products include: 4 Leave deployed air bag units in vehicles. 4 Fuel for combustion at power plants, tire (Air bags that have been deployed do not plants, cement plants, pulp and paper pose a risk to human health or the mills, and more. environment.) 4 Whole tires are used as breakwaters, 4 Remove all unused air bag units when playground equipment, erosion control, vehicles enter the facility. highway crash barriers, tires for low 4 Store undeployed air bag units indoors, speed non-road farm equipment, stock protected from the weather until they can feeders, and as cover weights. be resold. 4 Crumb rubber for use as pavement/floor mats, vehicle mud guards, adhesives, Auto Fluff playground gravel substitute, sludge composting, split tire products, backfill, After vehicles have been drained and landfill leachate collection systems and dismantled, the bodies to be salvaged are daily cell cover, septic-system leach shredded. Then, metal pieces are magneti- fields, filler in new tires, sports surfaces, cally picked from the shreddings. The railroad crossings, and belt covers. residue after picking is called “fluff”. Auto Illegally dumped tires or tire piles can fluff has been known to contain high levels of pose health hazards by providing a breeding cadmium, chromium, lead, and PCBs if fluids ground for mosquito infestation and the are not totally drained from the vehicle when potential for fires. In landfills, tires take up a the vehicle is crushed. large amount of space, harbor rodents, and 4 Make sure that all fluids are drained from collect gases. vehicles before crushing. 4 Store waste tires in a sunny area to allow evaporation of standing water and to kill heat-intolerant mosquito larvae. 4 Find out about tire storage requirements in your area. 4 Transport stored waste tires regularly to prevent large accumulations. 4 Find out about recycling opportunities in your area.

The Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction Program 9 Shop Towels Asbestos 4 Try not to use disposable towels. Cloth Under the Toxic Substances Control Act towels can be cleaned and reused. (TSCA) asbestos, if airborne, has been 4 When possible use non-chlorinated declared hazardous to human health. Brake cleaning compounds. shoes and clutches are not typically removed 4 Do not throw dirty towels into the for reuse in vehicle recycling and are crushed dumpster. Use an industrial laundry with the vehicle. This may pose a significant service. problem at the shredder site where fine 4 Do not saturate towels. If you do, wring asbestos particles become airborne. Human them out and reuse the liquid. health may also be impacted during their 4 Keep waste shop towels in a closed, transportation to the landfill. fireproof container labeled “Used shop If you do remove brake shoes and towels only”. clutches at your business, you have the potential to be exposed to asbestos dust. Auto Body Shop Wastes When these parts are removed from a vehicle, If your vehicle recycling facility also some dust can generally be seen. There are does auto body work, you need to consider also many very small dust particles that those waste streams associated with body cannot be seen with the naked eye. work and painting. Contact Ecology for a These invisible particles may be copy of “A Guide for Autobody Shops.” asbestos or other brake lining material. Asbestos is only one of many materials used Plastics in brake linings today. Recycling of plastics saves 90% of the Until the use of asbestos products is energy over its primary production energy phased out, the best way of limiting exposure use. Unfortunately, plastics are made of and health damage to workers is to use proper many different materials which are not controls, containing brake dust and preventing compatible with each other and cannot be its release in the air. recycled to high value products as mixed 4 Do not clean brakes or clutches with air plastics. For successful recycling, materials hoses, dry brushes, wet brushes, rags, must be separated in their pure form. To garden hose, liquid squirt bottles, solvent date, there is no real market for plastics spray or ordinary shop vacs. recovered from used automobiles. Industry 4 If you clean brakes or clutch assemblies, is trying to incorporate recyclability at the do use a special “HEPA” filter vacuum design stage thereby creating eventual cleaner. markets. 4 If you remove brake shoes or clutches, 4 Check with your local recycling firm for using specially designed low pressure plastic recycling options. spray equipment that wets down brake or clutch dust and properly catches the run- Glass off, this may prevent some asbestos from being released in the garage. Automotive windshield glass is 4 Dispose of asbestos waste according to typically manufactured with two layers of Federal and local regulations. Call your glass and a sheet of PVC membrane in nearest regional Ecology Air Program between. Because of this layering, recycling office for further information. options for automotive windshield glass are 4 Asbestos waste should be placed in a limited. In addition, automotive glass has a heavy plastic bag, double tied, and stored different chemical composition from in a leak proof, airtight container desig- container glass. Automotive glass can be nated for asbestos waste. recycled into construction aggregate or other 4 Do not eat, smoke or drink in asbestos secondary markets if the PVC film can be work areas. completely removed. For more information, 4 Wash thoroughly before eating or going call the Clean Air Washington Center at 206- home. 389-2808.

10 A Guide for Vehicle Recyclers 4 Change into clean clothes before going 4 If you are not going to reuse the empty home. Do not take work clothing home. containers on-site, recycle them if Asbestos particles can become embedded possible. in clothing and carried home. Containers of acutely hazardous waste, toxic extremely hazardous waste or pesti- Contaminated Soil cides marked with danger or warning labels, At some facilities, soil has become must be rinsed at least 3 times with water or contaminated by past or ongoing vehicle solvent, depending on the original contents. handling practices. The severity of the Reuse or properly dispose of the rinse water. contamination will depend on such factors as Refer to Ecology Fact Sheet #96-431 the toxicity of the pollutant, total cumulative “Safe Handling of Empty Containers.” fluid loss to the ground and spill cleanup procedures. Material Safety Data Sheets 4 Prevent spills before they happen. (MSDSs) 4 If a spill does occur, assess the potential A material safety data sheet should for ground water contamination. come with each of the chemical products you 4 Collect the soil in appropriate containers purchase from a manufacturer or vendor. and store the containers on a covered, They are used to relay chemical hazard impermeable containment area until it can information. As a business, you are required be cleaned or transported to a waste to keep MSDSs for all products available to treatment facility. employees. The ability to scan through an 4 Cover any remaining contaminated soil MSDS and pick out the following informa- with a plastic cover to prevent contact tion is important. MSDSs are valuable with rainwater. because they describe: 4 Divert stormwater around the covered 4 the physical and chemical properties of contaminated soil to prevent contamina- the hazardous substances contained in tion of the stormwater. the product 4 spill cleanup instructions Empty Containers 4 health hazards and appropriate first aid An empty container is one that has had 4 fire and explosion hazards all contents removed by normal practical 4 proper management and disposal means, such as inverting and draining, practices shaking, scraping or scooping. After all these An MSDS file should be maintained at methods have been utilized, the container is the workplace. It should be located so that all considered empty when: employees have easy access. If you keep 4 No more than 1 inch or 3% of the MSDSs on file in a computer, a hard copy container volume remains for small should also be available in the event of a containers less than 110 gallons. computer failure or loss of electrical power. 4 No more than 0.3% of the container Indicate to your employees how and volume remains for containers greater where your MSDSs are to be located and any than 110 gallons. access procedures necessary. Assign some- 4 Compressed gas pressure inside the one the responsibility to obtain, maintain and container is equal, or nearly equal to update MSDS information. atmospheric pressure. 4 Store empty containers in an area pro- tected from the weather. 4 Make sure all containers are covered, bungs are tightly in place, all labels are removed and the container is marked “EMPTY.” Include the name of the last product stored in the container and the date it was emptied.

The Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction Program 11 Testing 4 Consider an on-site distillation unit to Sometimes sending a sample of waste recycle spent solvent. to a laboratory for analysis is the only way Equipment Operation to determine if the waste is hazardous. 4 Think about when parts need cleaning Important tests for vehicle recyclers may and when they do not. Each use of a include pH, volatile organics, total petro- parts washing unit increases contami- leum hydrocarbons and heavy metals. If nation of the cleaner and shortens the you test a waste once, and continue to use cleaner’s useful life. If only interior the same industrial process, you may apply surfaces need to be cleaned, avoid those test results when designating future cleaning the exterior. Remove caked batches of the same waste. If you need to on grease and oil from parts with a test, request Ecology’s Hazardous Waste scraper or knife before washing to Services Directory for help in locating a reduce cleaning time and water used. laboratory. 4 Clean carefully (no splashing or Solvents for Cleaning Parts dragging) and use drain racks to save Here are some low tech ideas for solvent and clean up labor. reducing solvent-based parts washing 4 Cover and turn off circulating sinks to waste: prevent evaporation. Equipment Management 4 Appearance is not always a good 4 Switch to a recirculating spray cabinet indicator of the solvent’s ability to for cleaning parts instead of using clean. Monitoring change out sched- solvent. ules and filtering helps to extend the 4 Negotiate your service contracts so useful life of the cleaner. that solvent change outs fit your use Inventory Management schedule, especially if you have 4 Limit access to supplies to prevent seasonal fluctuations. waste. Use a computer to track parts 4 Segregate cleaning into two stages, and wastes. Do not over order supplies. each having a dedicated washing unit. Use only what you need. Two units extend the usefulness of the 4 Consider the convenience of using a solvent. central cleaning station. Weigh indi- 4 Use parts washers equipped with filters vidual stations against their potential and other separation and treatment for accidents and exposure, and waste options that will keep the solvent generation versus convenience and cleaner longer. Add-on accessories are efficiency. available. These low tech, low cost ideas can be applied to other vehicle recycling pro- cesses as well. Waste Handling, Storage and Disposal Practices It is recommended that waste streams not be mixed. Mixing means fewer recy- cling opportunities or reuse options and more expensive management costs. Mix- ing wastes might even cause a chemical reaction that could produce an explosion or toxic gases. Also, please remember - Label, Label, Label!

12 A Guide for Vehicle Recyclers A Quick Look at the Waste Streams Waste Best Handling Method

Air bag cartridges Sell, dispose of properly.

Antifreeze Reuse, recycle on-site or off-site.

Batteries Recycle; avoid storing for more than 6 months.

Brake fluid Collect in a separate container, and dispose through a hazardous waste company.

Empty containers Reuse on-site after all free product has been removed and the container cleaned. Recycle larger metal containers such as drums. Check with local solid waste landfill to see if they accept empty containers.

Freon (CFC) Recover using certified recycling equipment and recycle on-site or send off-site.

Parts washer solvent Recycle through service provider or dispose as hazardous waste. Extend change-out time until solvent is unusable.

Shop towels Use a commercial service that provides laundered cloth towels.

Solvents Dispose of as hazardous waste.

Sump sludge Sump sludge should be tested to determine if it is a hazard- ous waste due to heavy metal or solvent content. If tests show it is hazardous, send it to a hazardous waste manage- ment facility, or save testing costs and treat as hazardous waste.

Tires Recycle when possible, sell, dispose of.

Transmission filter Drain fluid, recycle through scrap metal dealer.

Transmission fluid Recycle.

Used oils Recycle.

Used oil filters Drain oil, recycle filter through scrap metal dealer.

Waste fuel Dispose of through a hazardous waste company.

Window cleaner Reuse, sell.

The Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction Program 13 Best Management Practices for Vehicle Recyclers

When working with any kind of vehicle fluids, please consider the following to help reduce waste streams and keep hazardous substances out of building drains, sumps and off the bare ground. If you: Please consider that: Best management practice: Wash engines or parts Only wash engines and parts if The resulting wastewater is likely absolutely necessary. to be hazardous from greases, oils Keep wastewater separate and and solvents. evaluate it. Use aerosol solvents or These chemicals can compound Put parts to be cleaned on a drip pan - other degreasers waste problems by contaminating not the floor. washwater, sludge, or bare Use a filtered parts washer to clean ground with hazardous materials. engine parts and manage the solvent in the washer as a hazardous waste. Use aerosols that do not designate as hazardous waste. Drain vehicle fluids These chemicals can compound Use drip pans under vehicles to collect (oil, brake fluid, waste problems by contaminating fluids. antifreeze, etc.) washwater, sludge, or bare Recycle used oils and other fluids. ground with hazardous materials. Drain radiators before flushing and recycle waste antifreeze. Chlean shop floors Hosing the floors down wit Keep floors clean to avoid the need to water or solvent can flush wash. contaminants into the floor drains, Use dry sweeping compounds. contaminating sludges in the Reuse sweeping compounds as long as system or possibly causing runoff they remain absorbent. to the bare ground outside. Use dead-end sump to catch and hold washwater if necessary. Sdtore solvents Spilled or leaked solvents an Keep containers closed at all times their vapors are dangerous and when not in use. can contaminate bare ground or Store solvents in a flammables cabinet. wastes in the plumbing system. Do not use solvents near drains. Store waste vehicle Many materials used in vehicles Keep waste containers in a separate, fluids in a room with a can be dangerous and can covered storage area with no floor floor drain contaminate wastes in the drain. plumbing system. Install a curb, berm or good secondary containment system to contain any wastes that may leak from storage containers. Inspect containers for leaks on a weekly basis. Accidentally spilled Many materials used in vehicles Clean up spills immediately. Notify the material can be dangerous and can State Emergency Management Division contaminate bare ground or at 1-800-258-5990 or your Ecology wastes in the plumbing system. regional office if appropriate. Have the materials needed for spill cleanup on hand and train all employees how to properly use them.

14 A Guide for Vehicle Recyclers Identifying wastes:

A hazardous waste is a solid, liquid or gaseous material with certain properties that could cause injury or death to a person, or could damage and pollute land, air, surface water or groundwater. Some wastes are specifically listed in the Dangerous Waste Regulations as hazardous. Others wastes may be regulated because they exhibit certain characteristics (ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, toxicity) or because they are waste mixtures which meet the criteria of toxicity or persistence.

Major Category Hazardous Waste Type Vehicle Recycler Examples

Listed Wastes Discarded Chemical Products are Pesticides unused, discarded, pure substances that Unrinsed containers have only one active ingredient. (Discarded chemicals may not be generated by vehicle recyclers)

Dangerous Waste Sources are hazardous Chlorinated Solvents wastes from specific industry sources such Contaminated Oil as plating, and generic activities (such as degreasing) and are listed in the Dangerous Waste Sources List.

Characteristic Wastes Ignitable waste is capable of causing Spent solvents a fire. Has a flash point of less than 140 Solvent still bottoms degrees Fahrenheit.

Corrosive material is so strong it can Acid from lead-acid batteries dissolve metals and burn skin and eyes. Acids/Bases Has a pH of 2 or less or 12.5 or greater.

Reactive material will become unstable Not typically generated by (burn, explode, give off vapors) if mixed vehicle recyclers with air, water, heat or other materials.

Toxicity Characteristics (TCLP) material Spray cabinet wash water is toxic if the waste is tested by a qualified (possible) lab using the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Sludges Procedure (TCLP) and generates a Heavy metals positive result.

Criteria Wastes Toxic wastes contain chemical constituents Waste antifreeze that are toxic to fish and other animals. Oil and transmission fluid Brake fluid (possible)

Persistent wastes can be any chemicals Solvents with the word “chlor” that start with chloro, fluoro, or bromo. as part of the main ingredients Please refer to the list in the Dangerous Used oil Waste Regulations. Metal cutting oil Methylene chloride

The Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction Program 15 Determining Generator Status

If you generate: Then your size is:

220 pounds or less per month SQG (less than 1/2 of a 55 gallon drum) (Conditionally Exempt Small Quantity of hazardous waste or less than Generator) 2.2 pounds of acutely hazardous waste*

More than 220 pounds but less MQG than 2200 pounds per month (Medium Quantity Generator) (about 1/2 to 4 drums) of hazardous waste

2200 pounds or more per month LQG (about 4 drums or more) of hazardous (Large Quantity Generator) waste or 2.2 pounds of acutely hazardous waste

Small Quantity Generator (SQG): 7. Use proper containers and manage 1. Identify hazardous wastes and keep them correctly - store ignitable waste track of how much you generate or using approved containers, keep incom- accumulate each month. patible wastes separated, use leak proof 2. Manage your waste in a way that does and covered containers, inspect contain- not pose a threat to human health or ers weekly, maintain 30" of aisle space the environment. between container rows and label. 3. Ensure that your wastes are treated, 8. Arrange for proper transportation and recycled, reused, or disposed of disposal: properly. LQGs must transport and dispose of 4. If you have a generator RCRA Identifi- hazardous wastes within 90 days of the cation Number, remember to file your start date noted on the container accu- annual Dangerous Waste Report with mulation label. Ecology by March 1 of each year. MQGs must transport and dispose of hazardous wastes within 180 days of Regulated Generator (MQG or LQG): the start date noted on the container 1. Identify your hazardous wastes. accumulation label. 2. Obtain a RCRA Identification Number. SQGs have no time limit past the start 3. File your annual Dangerous Waste date noted on the container accumula- Report with Ecology by March 1 of tion label. Accumulation time limits each year. start when waste is first generated. 4. Perform preventative maintenance - 9. Manifest shipments of hazardous maintain an alarm system for emergen- waste. cies, have a spill clean up plan, have 10. Keep records of hazardous waste fire control equipment and clean up activities - keep results of laboratory equipment on hand, maintain all tests, keep copies of annual reports, emergency equipment, inspect and manifests, and all records for at least 5 maintain containers, have a fire years. inspection once per year. *Extremely Hazardous waste and Acute Hazardous Properly accumulate waste pose a greater threat to the environment and 5. hazardous waste human health than Dangerous waste. Extremely - make sure your secondary contain- Hazardous waste is restricted from land disposal and ment is capable of holding all leaks. may have a Quantity Exclusion Limit (QEL) of 2.2 6. Plan for emergencies - have an emer- pounds instead of 220 pounds. Acute Hazardous gency coordinator, post emergency waste also has a 2.2 pound QEL. Most businesses generate Dangerous waste and not Extremely information, report spills and train Hazardous waste, but pesticide applicators and employees. LQGs have a written training generators discarding products with poison labels plan and a written contingency plan. should pay special attention to this category.

16 A Guide for Vehicle Recyclers Plan For Emergencies

● Designate an emergency coordinator 4 at all times there should be at least one employee on the premises or on call, who is responsible for coordinating all emergency response measures. It is also a good idea to have at least one back-up emergency coordinator. ● Make sure the emergency coordinator is familiar with the: 4 operations and activities at your site. 4 location and hazardous properties of all the wastes that you handle. 4 location of all records. 4 layout of your facility (inside and outside). 4 agreements you have made with state or local authorities and outside emergency response contractors for their assistance. ● Prepare and post near all phones and intercoms an emergency directory containing: 4 the name and telephone number of the emergency coordinator and his or her backups, 4 a description and the location of emergency equipment, such as fire extinguishers, spill control materials and alarm system, and 4 the telephone number of the fire department, unless you have a direct alarm. ● Educate your employees on the proper waste handling and emergency procedures that are relevant to their job responsibilities. ● If you generate per month, or accumulate at any time, more than 2,200 pounds of hazardous waste, or 2.2 pounds of certain pesticides or poisons, you must also comply with the following training requirements, prepare a written contingency plan and develop emergency procedures as outlined below:

Additional Training Requirements for Generators of 2,200 Pounds or More: Include the following topics in your training program: 4 The capabilities and proper use of emergency equipment including communication and alarm systems. 4 How to respond to fires, explosions, spills, releases to air, and groundwater contamination incidents . 4 Procedures for using, inspecting, repairing and replacing your emergency and any monitoring equip- ment. 4 The details of any automatic waste feed cut-off systems. Steps for the shut-down of operations.

Provide annual refresher training for employees. Prepare and follow a written training plan which in- cludes: 4 A listing of the job title, job description and name of the employee in each position that handles or relates to hazardous waste management in your business . 4 A written description of the type and amount of both introductory and refresher training you require for each position. 4 Records documenting that your employees have received and completed required training.

Written Contingency Plans Your written contingency plan should include the following: 4 A description of actions employees will take in an emergency. 4 A description of any arrangements you have made with local police, fire departments, hospitals, contrac-tors and state or local emergency response teams and the appropriate telephone numbers. 4 Your emergency directory, with the emergency coordinator and his or her backups clearly identified. 4 An up to date list and location of emergency equipment on the premises such as fire extinguishers, spill control materials and alarm system. 4 An evacuation plan for your employees that describes evacuation routes, alternate routes, and the signal you will use to begin evacuation.

The Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction Program 17 Required Emergency Procedures

For Generators of less that 2,200 pounds per month For Generators of 2,200 pounds or more per month

During an emergency, the Emergency During an emergency, the Emergency Coordinator Coordinator must: must: ● In the event of a fire, call the fire department or ● Activate internal alarms to notify employees. attempt to extinguish the fire. ● Call state or local agencies if their help is needed ● In the event of a spill, contain the flow of the ● Identify the released material’s character (is it spill as much as possible, cleanup the waste and flammable?), exact source, amount and the area any contaminated material, and call the nearest it covers. Ecology regional office. ● Assess the possible hazards to human health ● If a fire, explosion or other release could and the environment. threaten human health outside your business ● Call local authorities if evacuation of local areas or reach streams, lakes or groundwater, may be advisable. call the nearest Ecology regional office and the ● Call the nearest Ecology regional office and the National Response Center (1-800-424-8802) National Response Center (1-800-424-8802) and with the following information: give them the following information:

1. Your name, address and RCRA 1. Name and telephone number of the caller. Identification Number. 2. Name and address of the business or organization. 2. Date, time and type of incident. 3. Time and type of hazardous waste incident. 3. Amount and type of hazardous waste involved 4. Name and amount of the material involved. in the incident. 5. Extent of any injuries. 4. Extent of any injuries. 6. Possible hazards to human health or the environ- 5. Estimate the amount of recovered materials ment beyond your property. and how you have managed these wastes. ● Take steps to control the incident such as stop- ping equipment, removing or isolating containers and collecting any released material. ● If appropriate, monitor leaks, pressure buildup, gas generation or ruptures while you’re han- dling the incident. ● Immediately after the emergency: 4 Properly manage the recovered waste and contaminated materials (soil, water, rags, clothing). 4 Make sure that emergency equipment is cleaned and fit for the next use. ● Call the nearest Ecology regional office and appro- priate local authorities before resuming operations in the affected area of your business.

* Make sure that you are not generating any more hazardous waste than you absolutely must. Businesses that generate less than 220 pounds per month do not have to comply with the emergency planning require- ments listed here (although it is a very good idea to utilize these safety practices anyway).

18 A Guide for Vehicle Recyclers Spills

Be Prepared — Spill Control

Spill Control Equipment 4 Fire extinguishers are required in all vehicle recycling buildings. They should also be kept where any cutting torches are used and in yard vehicles. 4 Safety equipment for employees should include rubber or latex gloves and safety glasses. 4 Industrial spill clean-up products or absorbent material for soaking up oils and solvents such as rags, towels, pads, booms and organic absorbents (peat, corn cobs, cellulose fiber, sawdust, wood chips, rice and cotton seed hulls, granular clay, and lime for battery acid). 4 Brooms, shovels and dust pans to pick up clean-up materials. 4 Containers to hold spill waste: drip pans, pails, drums.

Spill Prevention 4 Confine inspection, draining and dismantling of vehicles to one area. 4 Drain vehicles, parts, and cores as soon as possible after vehicles come in. 4 Dismantle vehicles, parts and cores on a curbed, impermeable, concrete surface with drip pans and absor- bent materials. 4 Plug all hoses after draining. 4 Place all fluids in proper storage containers immediately after draining. 4 Store vehicles, parts and cores with proper spill containment. 4 Secondary spill containment efforts must be large enough to contain the maximum volume of fluid that could be spilled from the largest container in the area. 4 Clean up small spills right away. Use the smallest amount of absorbent possible or drain into a sump or oil/ water separator. 4 Dispose of used absorbents properly - launder, burn for energy recovery, or test and properly manage either as solid or hazardous waste (per the test results). Store all used absorbents in closed, covered leak- proof containers. 4 Store all waste fluids in closed containers to prevent spills. Close tightly to prevent evaporation, and check levels daily. 4 Inspect containers regularly for leaks. 4 Develop a maintenance plan for all facility equipment, such as crushers, forklifts and hydraulic lifts. Keep them well maintained, free of leaks and problems. 4 Clean crusher regularly by wiping off accumulated grease and oil - this prevents runoff. 4 Do not crush vehicles on unprotected ground.

Spill Clean Up 4 Clean up spills right away. 4 Report petroleum and fuel spills of 5 or more gallons, and any other chemical spill (including lead-acid batteries) to the nearest Ecology Regional Office. 4 Organic absorbents that contain hazardous wastes cannot be recycled or burned on site. 4 Keep spill control equipment/absorbent materials in a central location, accessible to all employees. 4 Train all employees to quickly respond to different kinds of spills.

The Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction Program 19 Spills and Leaks Reporting

To Report a Spill or Leak Call: 1-800-258-5990 State Emergency Management Division 24-Hour Spill Number Report: Reportable Quantity: Uncontained spills of toxic, flammable, Determine whether human health or the environment corrosive, and otherwise dangerous are threatened. Clean up the spill if you are equipped to chemicals or spills or discharges of handle it safely. If uncertain, stop and contain the spill, environmentally damaging then request assistance from your nearest regional materials to water. Ecology office.

Who is required to report? EVERY PERSON who has any substance or material under their control, including: 4 Individuals, partnerships, companies, corporations. 4 Government subdivisions, including officers of these entities. 4 Owners of substances being stored or transported by another company. 4 Property owners who discover contamination. 4 Contractors that are in physical control of a discharged substance.

Know Your Facility: Materials Stored. Understand the characteristics, behaviors and safety precautions associated with the material. The Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) provided by the manufacturer or supplier should provide this informa- tion. Material Management. Review how your company stores and handles its chemicals. Inspect the dispensing equipment and containment construction to prevent accidents from happening. Planning. Does your company have a written Contingency Plan or similar document? If your company does not have one perhaps they should draft one to assist employees in planning for a spill. Exercises. Conduct table top exercises to see if your company response plan works as planned. Improve and review the company plan with company personnel. Check telephone numbers and ensure the plan contains useful and accurate information.

If a Spill Occurs: Follow these Basic Steps: 1. Observe the safety precautions associated with the material spilled. 2. Stop the source of the spill if possible. 3. Call your local fire and/or police departments if fire or public safety hazards are created. 4. Contain the spilled material. Dirt, sand or any semi-impermeable material may be used to create a contain- ment structure to prevent material from moving. 5. Report the spill. For the number of the nearest Ecology regional office refer to the map on the inside cover. State Emergency Management Division 24-Hour Spill Number 1-800-258-5990 6. Recover the spilled substance while observing safety precautions. Professional contractors may need to be hired if large quantities or dangerous substances are involved or if long term cleanup and investigation is required.

Also: 4 Comply with storage time, quantity, and handling requirements for containers and tanks. 4 Obtain a storage, treatment, or disposal permit if you store, treat or dispose of your hazardous waste on site in a manner requiring a permit. 4 Take adequate precautions to prevent accidents, and be prepared to handle them properly in the event that they do occur.

20 A Guide for Vehicle Recyclers Hazardous Waste Disposal

The following is a partial list of Hazardous Waste Disposal and Recycling Companies. These are examples, not recommendations. For additional companies see Ecology’s Hazardous Waste Services Directory, the Environmental Services Directory, your county’s Hazardous Waste Disposal Guide, or your local phonebook. ANTIFREEZE RECYCLING: (equipment and/or services)

Big Sky Industrial Philip Environmental 9711 W. Euclid Road 955 Powell Ave SW Spokane, WA 99204 Renton, WA 98005 Phone: (509) 624-4949 Phone: (425) 227-0311 FAX#: (509) 624-0099 FAX#: (425) 227-6191 http://www.cnw.com or philipenv.com CleanCare (Spokane) 1815 S. Lewis CleanCare (Federal Way) Spokane, WA 99212 P.O. Box 4100 Phone: (509) 456-6860 Federal Way, WA 98063 Toll Free: (800) 282-8128 Envirotech Systems, Inc. FAX#: (253) 383-8724 18820 Aurora Ave. N. #201 Seattle, WA 98133 Safety Kleen (Lynnwood) Phone: (206) 363-9000 6303-212th St. SW FAX#: (206) 546-1920 Lynnwood, WA 98036 Toll Free: 1-800-922-9395 Phone: (425) 775-7030

Van Waters and Rogers, Inc. Van Waters and Rogers, Inc. PO Box 3541 or E. 4515 Wisconsin Terminal Annex Spokane, WA 99220 Seattle, WA 98124 Phone: (509) 534-0405 Phone: (206) 872-5000 FAX#: (206) 872-5041

Safety Kleen (Spokane) E. 9516 Montgomery Spokane, WA 99206 Phone: (509) 928-8353 BATTERY RECYCLING:

Allied Battery Co., Inc. Interstate BatterySystem 1031-6th Ave. S of Spokane Seattle, WA 98114 E. 6110 Broadway Phone: (206) 624-4141 Spokane, WA 99212 FAX#: (206) 624-1573 Phone: (509) 534-0676

Interstate Batteries Interstate Batteries 727-134th St. SW 3480 Martin Way Everett, WA 98204 Olympia, WA 98506 Phone: (425) 743-7677 Phone: (360) 438-2747 FAX#: (425) 742-1739 Standard Batteries of Spokane Interstate Battery System of Yakima N. 601 Napa 1325B S. 1st. Street Spokane, WA 99202 Yakima, WA 98901 Phone: (509) 534-7879 Phone: (509) 457-3640

The Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction Program 21 OIL AND OIL FILTER RECYCLING AND DISPOSAL:

Philip Environmental Inc. Philip Environmental Inc. 1100 Oaksdale Ave. or PO Box 229 Renton, WA 98055 Washougal, WA 98671 Phone: (425) 227-0311 Phone: (360) 835-8743 FAX#: (425) 227-6187 FAX#: (360) 835-8872 http://www.cnw.com or philipenv.com CleanCare Corp. C. Frost Company, Inc. P.O. Box 4100 13649 NE 126th Pl, Suite 202 Federal Way, WA 98063 Kirkland, WA 98034 Phone: (253) 627-3925 Phone: (206) 820-1900 FAX#: (253) 383-8724 Toll Free: 1-800-282-8128 Big Sky Industrial 9711 W. Euclid Road First Recovery Spokane, WA 99204 PO Box 875 Phone: (509) 624-4949 Enumclaw, WA 98022 FAX#: (509) 624-0099 Toll Free: 1-800-545-3520 FAX#: (206) 813-5663 Safety Kleen Corp. E. 9516 Montgomery Petroleum Reclaiming Spokane, WA 99206 Services, Inc. Phone: (509) 928-8353 3003 Taylor Way Tacoma, WA 98421 Safety Kleen Corp. Phone: (253) 926-0717 6303-212th St. SW Lynnwood, WA 98036 CleanCare Corp. Phone: (425) 775-7030 1815 S. Lewis Spokane, WA 99212 Phone: (509) 456-6860 REFRIGERANTS (recycling, recovery, and reclamation equipment and services)

B.R. Engelking Co., Inc. Philip Environmental ACR Training PO Box 229 23024 Brier Rd. Washougal, WA 98671 Brier, WA 98036 Phone: (360) 835-8743 Phone: (206) 778-2510 FAX#: (360) 835-8872

C. Frost Company, Inc. I.M./Thrifty Distribution 13649 NE 126th Place PO Box 301337 Kirkland, WA 98034 Portland, OR 97220 Phone: (206) 820-1900 Toll Free: 1-800-747-0824

Johnson Controls Inc. Total Reclaim, Inc. 3003 Northup Way PO Box 24996 Bellevue, WA 98004 Seattle, WA 98124 Phone: (206) 827-7810 Phone: (206) 343-7443 FAX#: (206) 343-7445

22 A Guide for Vehicle Recyclers SOLVENT RECYCLING: (equipment and/or services)

Big Sky Industrial CleanCare Corporation 9711 W. Euclid Road P.O. Box 4100. Spokane, WA 99204 Federal Way, WA 98063 Phone: (509) 624-4949 Toll Free: (800) 282-8128 FAX#: (509) 624-0099 FAX#: (253) 383-8724

Philip Environmental Chem-Safe Services, Inc. 955 Powell Ave SW PO Box 616 Renton, WA 98055 Kittitas, WA 98934 Phone: (425) 227-0311 Phone: (509) 968-3973 FAX#: (425) 227-6187 FAX#: (509) 968-4680

CleanCare Corp. Inland Technology, Inc. 1815 S. Lewis 401 E. 27th St. Spokane, WA 99212 Tacoma, WA 98421 Phone: (509) 456-6860 Phone: (253) 383-1177 FAX#: (253) 593-8749 Safety Kleen (Spokane) E. 9516 Montgomery Safety Kleen (Lynnwood) Spokane, WA 99206 6303-212th St. SW Phone: (509) 928-8353 Lynnwood, WA 98036 Phone: (425) 775-7030 Western Products Spokane, WA Sol-Pro Inc. Phone: (509) 448-9715 3401 Lincoln Ave., Suite E Tacoma, WA 98401 Phone: (253) 627-4822 FAX#: (253) 627-4997 http://www.sol-pro.com SPILL ASSISTANCE AND CLEANUP MATERIALS: (emergency spill response and equipment)

Advanced Environmental Big Sky Industrial Solutions, Inc. 9711 W. Euclid Rd. 7118 S. 220th Spokane, WA 99204 Kent, WA 98032 Phone: (509) 624-4949 Toll Free: 1-800-275-3549 FAX#: (509) 624-0099

CleanCare Corp. CleanCare Corp. P.O. Box 4100 or 1815 S. Lewis Federal Way, WA 98063 Spokane, WA 99212 Toll Free: (800) 282-8128 Phone: (509) 456-6860 FAX#: (253) 383-8724 Safety Kleen Foss Environmental Services E. 9516 Montgomery 7440 W. Marginal Way S. Spokane, WA 99206 Seattle, WA 98108 Phone: (509) 928-8353 Phone: (206) 767-0441

The Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction Program 23 Roar Tech, Inc. Safety & Supply Co. N. 522 Fiske St. 5510 E. Marginal Way S. Spokane, WA 99202 Seattle, WA 98134 Phone: (509) 535-6757 Phone: (206) 762-8500 FAX#: (509) 534-6759 FAX#: (206) 762-2939 Toll Free: 1-800-535-6757 TRANSPORTATION (HAZARDOUS WASTE): (Hazardous waste transporters providing Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest assistance)

Big Sky Industrial Chem-Safe Services 9711 W. Euclid Road PO Box 616 Spokane, WA 99204 Kittitas, WA 98934 Phone: (509) 624-4949 Phone: (509) 968-3973 FAX#: (509) 624-0099 FAX#: (509) 968-4680

Philip Environmental Philip Environmental 955 Powell Ave SW or PO Box 229 Renton, WA 98005 Washougal, WA 98671 Phone: (425) 227-0311 Phone: (360) 835-8743 FAX#: (425) 227-6191 FAX#: (360) 835-8872 http://www.cnw.com or philipenv.com

CleanCare Corp. CleanCare Corp. P.O. Box 4100 or 1815 S. Lewis Federal Way, WA 98093 Spokane, WA 99212 Toll Free: (800) 282-8128 Phone: (509) 456-6860 FAX#: (253) 383-8724 Roar Tech, Inc. N 522 Fiske St. Envirotech Systems, Inc. Spokane, WA 99202 18820 Aurora Ave N. Phone: (509) 535-6757 Suite 201 FAX#: (509) 534-6759 Seattle, WA 98133 Toll Free: 1-800-535-6757 Phone: (206) 363-9000 FAX#: (206) 546-1920 Van Waters and Rogers, Inc. PO Box 3541 Van Waters and Rogers, Inc. Terminal Annex or E. 4515 Wisconsin Seattle, WA 98124 Spokane, WA 99220 Phone: (206) 872-5000 Phone: (509) 534-0405 FAX#: (206) 872-5041 Airo Environmental Services, Inc. Safety Kleen Corp. 4110 E. 11th 6303- 212th St. SW Tacoma, WA Lynnwood, WA 98036 Toll Free: 1-800-666-2476 Phone: (425) 775-7030

24 A Guide for Vehicle Recyclers WASTE OILS: (services or contracting)

CleanCare Corp. Roar Tech, Inc. PO Box 940 N. 522 Fiske St. Tacoma, WA 98401 Spokane, WA 99202 Phone: (253) 627-3925 Phone: (509) 535-6757 Toll Free: 1-800-282-8128 FAX#: (509) 534-6759 Toll Free: 1-800-535-6757 Big Sky Industrial 9711 W. Euclid Road Safety Kleen Spokane, WA 99204 E. 9516 Montgomery Phone: (509) 624-4949 Spokane, WA 99206 FAX#: (509) 624-0099 Phone: (509) 928-8353

NW Recycling Services, Inc. Envirotech Systems Inc. PO Box 1049 18820 Aurora Ave N #201 Veradale, WA 99037 Seattle, WA 98133 Phone: (509) 921-6821 Toll Free: 1-800-922-9395

Philip Environmental CleanCare Corp. 955 Powell Ave. SW 1815 S. Lewis Renton, WA 98055 Spokane, WA 99212 Toll Free: 1-800-228-7872 Phone: (509) 456-6860

Van Waters and Rogers, Inc. Van Waters and Rogers, Inc. PO Box 3541 or E. 4515 Wisconsin Terminal Annex Spokane, WA 99220 Seattle, WA 98124 Phone: (509) 534-0405 Phone: (206) 872-5000 FAX#: (206) 872-5041 Harbor Oil 11535 N Force Ave. Spencer Environmental 98390 Portland, OR 97217 PO Box 1321 Phone: (503) 285-4648 - Portland Sumner, WA (509) 926-4255 - Spokane Toll Free: 1-800-286-0896 (509) 544-088 - Tri-Cities FAX#: (253) 863-3490 SELECTED INTERNET SITES AND HOTLINES

Batelle List of Environmental Internet Sites http://www.seattle.battelle.org/services/e&s/moresite.htm

Department of Ecology (WDOE)GreenLink - Auto Compliance Info http://www.wa.gov.ecology http://www.ccar-greenlink.org

Environmental Information Center - Chemical Transportation EMERGENCIES http://www.igc.apc.org/eic 1-800-424-9300

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Emergency Planning and Right-to-Know http://www.epa/gov 1-800-535-0202

Global Recycling Network - EPA Region 10 Public Information Center http://grn.com/grn/ 1-800-424-4372

The Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction Program 25 SELECTED INTERNET SITES AND HOTLINES (cont.)

Federal Information Center 1-800-688-9889

Hazardous Material Identification (MSDS) 1-800-631-1884

Lead Exposure (specific inquiries) 1-800-262-5323

National Response Center - oil/chemical spill reporting 1-800-424-8802

NIOSH - Occupational Safety and Health 1-800-356-4674

RCRA (EPA) 1-800-424-9346

Solid Waste Assistance Program 1-800-677-9424

Waste Treatment Technology and Vendors 1-800-245-4505

Wastewater Treatment/Water Quality 1-800-624-8301

HOT LINES - Washington State Emergency Reporting 1-800-258-5990

Hazardous Substances 1-800-633-7585

IMEX Industrial Materials Exchange 1-888-879-4639

Recycling 1-800-732-9253

Water Quality & Wastewater Treatment (WDOE) 1-800-633-6193

Worker Right-to-Know 1-800-423-7233

SPILL REPORTING - 24 HOUR NUMBERS National Response Center Washington State Department of Ecology 1-800-424-8802 Central Region: 1-509-575-2490 Eastern Region: 1-509-456-2926 Regional Response Team Northwest Region: 1-425-649-7000 1-800-424-8802 Southwest Region: 1-360-407-6300 26 A Guide for Vehicle Recyclers Index

A Air Bags 9 Air Emissions 8 Antifreeze 6 Asbestos 10 Auto Body Shop Wastes 10 Auto Fluff 9 B Best Management Practices Summary Table 14 Brake Fluid 5 C Contaminated Soil 11 D Determining Generator Status 16 Dust Suppression 8 E Empty Containers 11 F Fuel and Fuel Filters 6 G Glass 10 H Hazardous Waste Disposal 21-26 I Incoming Cars 2 Identifying Wastes 15 Internet Sites 25 Introduction 1 L Lead Acid Batteries 7 Lead Parts 8 List of Common Wastes that may be Generated 4 M Mercury Switches 7 MSDSs 11

The Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction Program 27 P Plan For Emergencies 17 Plastics 10 R Refrigerant 6 Required Emergency Procedures 18 S Shop Towels 10 Spills 19 Spills and Leaks 20 Solvents for Cleaning Parts 12 Spray Cans 9 Sump Sludges 8 T Testing 12 Tires 9 Transmission Filters 5 Transmission Fluid 5 U Used Oil Burned in Space Heaters 5 Used Oil Filters 5 Used Oils 4 W Waste Handling, Storage and Disposal 12 Waste Management Summary Table 14 Waste Reduction 3 Wastewater Management 7 What Happens When the Vehicle Gets to the Yard 2 Windshield Washing Fluid 9 Y You Auto Recycle Facts 2

28 A Guide for Vehicle Recyclers Fact Sheets that can be requested from your nearest Ecology regional office:

Emergency Spill Response in Washington State Hazardous Waste Fact Sheets — do’s and don’ts for handling different wastes and how to identify your wastes Hazardous Waste Generator Checklist Guide for Hazardous Waste Generators Glossary of terms Safe Handling of Empty Containers Subject index with references and contacts for your hazardous waste questions Services Directories/Resource Lists to help you find waste haulers, laboratories, recyclers, buyers for materials, and other services. Solvent Substitute Options — Techniques for Dust Prevention and Suppression, Used Oil Disposal Prohibitions RCRA ID/Generator Number — do you need a number and how to obtain one Dangerous Waste Annual Reporting Dangerous Waste Regulations

Other Publications: Shoptalk - A free quarterly publication for hazardous waste generators including articles on local businesses, regulatory changes, surveys, ideas, information and more! Call (360) 407-6719 today to get on the mailing list. Discussion Paper on Used Oil Requirements — includes used oil that is recycled and burned for energy recovery in a space heater.

For additional copies of this document, please contact:

Department of Ecology Publications Distribution Center P.O. Box 47600 Olympia, WA 98504-7600

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The Department of Ecology is an equal opportunity agency and does not discriminate on the basis of race, creed, color, disability, age, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, disabled veteran’s status, Vietnam Era veteran’s status or sexual orientation.

If you have special accommodation needs or require this document in an alternative format, please contact the Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction Program at (360) 407-6700 (voice) or (360) 407-6006 (TDD). Regional TDD numbers are:

CRO (TDD) (509) 454-7673 NWRO (TDD) (425) 649-4259 ERO (TDD) (509) 458-2055 SWRO (TDD) (360) 407-6306