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Informe Del Estudio Y Rescate De Recursos Paleontológicos En Sitios De Excavación Y Dragado Asociados Al Proyecto De Ampliación Del Canal

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Informe Del Estudio Y Rescate De Recursos Paleontológicos En Sitios De Excavación Y Dragado Asociados Al Proyecto De Ampliación Del Canal INFORME DEL ESTUDIO Y RESCATE DE RECURSOS PALEONTOLÓGICOS EN SITIOS DE EXCAVACIÓN Y DRAGADO ASOCIADOS AL PROYECTO DE AMPLIACIÓN DEL CANAL Preparado por: Carlos Jaramillo Ph.D. Jorge W. Moreno-Bernal Dipa Desai Paris Morgan Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Apartado 0843 – 03092 Balboa, Ancón Panamá, República de Panamá Phone: 507-2128089 Febrero de 2016 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute 2 TABLA DE CONTENIDO RESUMEN EJECUTIVO ........................................................................................................................... 9 1. INTRODUCCION ............................................................................................................................. 11 2. CONTEXTO GEOLÓGICO ............................................................................................................. 11 Geología Estructural ........................................................................................................................ 14 Estratigrafía ....................................................................................................................................... 17 3. RESCATE PALEONTOLÓGICO ....................................................................................................... 24 3.1 Inspección superficial ................................................................................................................ 24 3.2 Excavación sistemática ............................................................................................................ 25 3.3 Tamizado .................................................................................................................................... 26 3.4 Procedimientos de recolección y catalogación ..................................................................... 27 4. SECCIONES ESTRATIGRÁFICAS .................................................................................................. 29 4.1 Formaciones Geológicas .......................................................................................................... 31 4.1.1 Formación Las Cascadas ..................................................................................................... 32 4.1.2. Formación Culebra................................................................................................................ 34 4.1.3 Formación Cucaracha ........................................................................................................... 37 4.1.4 Formación Pedro Miguel ....................................................................................................... 38 4.2 Secciones estructurales ............................................................................................................... 40 4.3 Áreas con Potencial Paleontológico ........................................................................................... 42 4.4 Análisis de Núcleos de Perforación ........................................................................................ 46 5. LOCALIDADES FOSILÍFERAS ......................................................................................................... 49 5.1 Cocolí y nuevas esclusas de Miraflores ..................................................................................... 49 5.2 Puente Centenario ......................................................................................................................... 51 5.3 Cerro Contractor ........................................................................................................................ 54 5.4 Cerro Hodges ............................................................................................................................. 55 5.5. El Lirio......................................................................................................................................... 61 5.6 Norte del Lirio ............................................................................................................................. 66 5.7 Las Cascadas Reach ................................................................................................................ 69 5.8 Las bordadas del Lago Gatún ................................................................................................. 69 5.8.1 Isla Bruja Chiquita .................................................................................................................. 69 5.9 Nuevas Esclusas de Gatún ...................................................................................................... 69 INFORME ANUAL DEL ESTUDIO Y RESCATE DE RECURSOS PALEONTOLÓGICOS EN SITIOS DE EXCAVACIÓN Y DRAGADO ASOCIADOS AL PROYECTO DE AMPLIACIÓN DEL CANAL CONTRATO SAA-199520-KRP – 2012 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute 3 5.10 Antiguo Canal Francés ........................................................................................................... 71 5.11 Loma Borracho ........................................................................................................................ 72 6. MATERIAL PALEONTOLÓGICO RECOLECTADO ...................................................................... 73 6.1 Material Fósil Rescatado .......................................................................................................... 73 6.2 Preparación y Clasificación ...................................................................................................... 74 6.3 Material Paleontológico Rescatado ........................................................................................ 75 6.3.1 Icnofosiles ................................................................................................................................ 75 6.3.2 Plantas ..................................................................................................................................... 75 6.3.3 Invertebrados .......................................................................................................................... 77 6.3.4 tiburones .................................................................................................................................. 80 6.3.5 Reptiles .................................................................................................................................... 81 6.3.4 Mamíferos ................................................................................................................................ 84 7. DIVULGACIÓN..................................................................................................................................... 90 7.1 Visitas .............................................................................................................................................. 90 7.2 Actividades de divulgación ........................................................................................................... 91 8. CAPACITACIÓN .................................................................................................................................. 93 8.1 Capacitación general .................................................................................................................... 93 8.2 Programa de Internado ................................................................................................................. 93 9. ACTIVIDADES CIENTIFICAS REALIZADAS .................................................................................. 94 10. CONCLUSIONES .............................................................................................................................. 95 11. AGRADECIMIENTOS ....................................................................................................................... 97 12. REFERENCIAS ................................................................................................................................. 97 13. ANEXOS ........................................................................................................................................... 100 13.1 Publicaciones científicas .......................................................................................................... 100 13.2 Lista de muestras recolectadas entre Junio de 2014 y enero de 2016 ............................ 104 INFORME ANUAL DEL ESTUDIO Y RESCATE DE RECURSOS PALEONTOLÓGICOS EN SITIOS DE EXCAVACIÓN Y DRAGADO ASOCIADOS AL PROYECTO DE AMPLIACIÓN DEL CANAL CONTRATO SAA-199520-KRP – 2012 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute 4 INDICE DE FIGURAS Figura 1: Mapa geológico de Panamá Central (Tomado y modificado de Montes et al. 2012). .. 12 Figura 2: Figura 2. a) Perfil geológico Cuenca del Canal en el área del Canal de Panamá. b) Perfil geológico Cuenca del canal en el área de la Autopista Panamá-Colón. c) Tabla de correlaciones estratigráficas en la Cuenca del Canal. d) Diagrama de densidad de polos en planos de falla y espejos de falla (puntos) para el Compartimiento de Hodges y el horst. e) Diagrama de densidad de polos en planos de estratificación para ambos compartimientos. f) Diagrama de densidad de polos de planos de falla y espejos de falla (puntos) para el Compartimiento Emperador. Tomado y modificado de Montes et al. 2012. ................................... 16 Figura 3 Mapas geológicos detallados (ver localización en la Fig.1). a) Dominio extensional en el extremo norte del Compartimiento Hodges. b) Domino extensional modificado por el fallamiento de rumbo sinestral en la parte sur del compartimiento Hodges
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