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Residential Solar Data Center: Data Resources and Reports
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Bureau of Standards National Engineering Laboratory Center for Building Technology Washington, DC 20234
October 1 981
Prepared for: Department of Housing and Urban Development Office of the Assistant Secretary for Policy Development and Research M>QQ]«avqppnwision of Energy. Building Technology and Standards jshington, DC 20410 2 QQ U56
dl-2369 ' 19dl c. 2 I MATUMAL BVIKAD or tTAlfDAKOS LlBtAKT NBSIR 81-2369 MAR 4 1983 RESIDENTIAL SOLAR DATA CENTER: DATA RESOURCES AND REPORTS U-C
no. ^
Patricia M. Christopher Audrey 0. Houser
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Bureau of Standards National Engineering Laboratory Center for Building Technology Washington, DC 20234
October 1981
Prepared for; Department of Housing and Urban Development Office of the Assistant Secretary for Policy Development and Research Division of Energy, Building Technology and Standards Washington, DC 20410
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE. Malcolm Baldrige, Secretary NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS, Ernest Ambler, Director T> • FOREWORD
From January to October 1978 the Residential Solar Data Center (SDC) of the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) issued a bimonthly publication known as "Status Reports". [1] These reports contained sets of tables and charts designed to inform selected participants (primarily the Department of Housing and Urban Development and its contractors) in the Residential Solar Heating and Cooling Demonstration Program about the volume of data stored in the solar data base maintained by the SDC, and about the types of computer printouts that were available. The avail- ability of computer printouts to a larger, more varied group of potential users was announced at the Department of Energy's Solar Heating and Cooling Systems Operational Results Conference held in Colorado Springs, Colorado, November 28 - December 1, 1978.
In June 1979 the document, "Residential Solar Data Center Data Resources and Reports," [2] was published in an effort to enhance compre- hension of the computer printouts of Residential Solar Demonstration Program data by this more general audience. Included was a summary of the history and background of the SDC and the demonstration program, an explanation of grant cycles and data collection procedures, and a full description of the files which comprise the solar data base.
The present document is an update to the June 1979 issue. It con- tains much of the same Information, updated to reflect the current status of the SDC. This is the final update. As of the date of publi- cation, the Residential Solar Data Center no longer exists. The data described in this report have been archived with their sponsor at HUD.*
*HUD User P.O. Box 280 Germantown, MD 20767 Telephone: (301) 251-5154 iii RESIDENTIAL SOLAR DATA CENTER: DATA RESOURCES AND REPORTS
CONTENTS
Page
Foreword iii
List of Tables v
1. Background 1 Introduction to the Residential Solar Heating and Cooling Demonstration Program.
2. The Residential Solar Data Center 4 Introduction to the Solar Data Center; its development, its purpose, and its operation.
3. Summary of Computer Reports Available 7 Summary of computer reports produced by the Solar Data Center and the order in which report entries are printed.
4. Sample Pages of Reports 12 Sample pages illustrating format and content of representative reports.
5. Data File Elements 35 Detailed description of the files which comprise the solar data base.
6. Interactive Access to Solar Data 50 Description of the query package available to facilitate online access to interactive files contained in the solar data base.
7. Amount of Data on the Computer 52 Figures indicating by cycle the extent to which computerization of data has been accomplished.
8. Acknowledgments
9. References
iv LIST OF TABLES
Page
Table 1. Summary of Grant File Computer Reports ..... 3
Table 2. Summary of Grantee File Computer Reports .... 9
Table 3. Summary of Technical Description File Computer Reports 9
Table 4. Summary of Technical Concerns File Computer Reports XO
Table 5. Summary of 2-larketing Survey File Computer Reports ...... xi
Table 6 . Summary of Utility Consumption File Computer Reports XI
Table 7. Summary of Grant File Data 52
Table 8 . Summary of Grantee File Data 53
Table 9. Summary of Technical Description File Data . . 54
Table 10. Summary of Technical Concerns File Data .... 55
Table 11. Summary of Marketing Survey File Data 55
Table 12. Summary of Utility File Data 57
V .
Residential Solar Data Center: Data Resources and Reports
Patricia M. Christopher Audrey 0. Houser
National Bureau of Standards Washington, D.C. 20234
The Residential Solar Data Center (SDC) was responsible for the estab- lishment and operation of a computerized data base containing non- instrumented residential data collected from the DoE/HUD Solar Heating and Cooling Demonstration Program. This document includes a summary of the history and background of the SDC and its role in the demonstration program, a list of the final computer reports which are available, sample pages of representative reports, and a description of the data files which comprised the solar data base.
Key words: automatic data processing; data base; residential buildings; solar data base; solar heating and cooling; solar energy systems
vi .
1 . BACKGROUND
In 1974, Congress passed the Solar Heating and Cooling Demonstration Act to establish a program of research, development, and demonstration directed towards reducing the nation's dependence upon non-renewable resources through stimulating the development and use of solar energy systems. The Department of Energy (DoE) is responsible for the manage- ment of the total Federal Solar Energy Research, Development, and Demon- stration Program. DoE was assisted in the demonstration portion of the program (which terminated in 1981) by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), the National Bureau of Standards (NBS), and other Federal agencies and private contractors.
The demonstration program was divided into two parts: a Residential Program for which HUD had prime responsibility; and a Commerical Program, directed by DoE. In both programs, funds were allocated for new and retrofit building projects in a variety of climatic and geo- graphic regions. These projects were designed to demonstrate the eco- nomic viability of the use of solar energy systems for heating and cooling.
A principal objective of the demonstration program was to provide data on the technical aspects of solar energy systems and on their acceptance by the building industry, regulatory agencies, and the con- sumer. Data were collected in two ways: manually (non-ins trumented data) and electronically (instrumented data).
Non-instrumented data, technical and non-technical , were collected on questionnaires or take-off forms for entry into the computer. Included were data describing the demonstration projects and their solar energy systems as well as data concerning the progress of the grant from construction through marketing, market acceptance, etc.
Instrumented technical data were derived principally from sensors installed when construction activities were completed at selected pro- ject sites. These data, when analyzed, defined the thermal performance of the solar energy systems and the climatic conditions affecting that performance
DoE contractors were responsible for the collection of both instru- mented and non-instrumented data in the commercial program and for the collection of instrumented data only in the residential program. The responsibility for collection of non-instrumented data in the residen- tial program resided with HUD. Figure 1 illustrates the assignment of data collection, evaluation, and dissemination responsibilities in the Solar Demonstration Program. The Residential Solar Data Center (as shown in figure 1) was the entity responsible for storage, retrieval, and dissemination of non-instrumented solar data in the residential program.
1 activities
dissemination
and
evaluation
collection,
data
program
demonstration
responsibilities.
Solar
1.
and Figure
2 .
In implementing the Residential Demonstration Program, HUD had es- tablished four main objectives. They were:
1. Residential demonstrations of solar equipment;
2. Development of performance criteria and certification standards for solar equipment;
3. Encouragement of the acceptance and use of solar technology by the housing industry and the general public; and
4. Dissemination of demonstration and market development data.
In order to accomplish these objectives, HUD funded demonstration projects (by awarding grants) in six cycles initiated approximately every nine to twelve months.* Data collected from funded projects in each cycle enabled HUD and its contractors to apply increased awareness of solar technology, marketplace dynamics, and data collection tech- niques towards enhancing the effectiveness of projects in succeeding cycles
In addition, HUD, in cooperation with DoE, had established a national clearinghouse and reference center for the effective dissemina- tion of information regarding solar energy systems - technical and non-technical , domestic and foreign, residential and commercial. The center functioned as a major reference resource for all elements of the solar community, as well as for the general public. The latest demon- stration information was made available by the center through publica- tions, conferences, and exhibits and through its toll-free telephone and national mailing response mechanism.
*For a count of grants per cycle, see section 7.
3 .
1 , THE RESIDENTIAL SOLAR DATA CENTER
In the Fall of 1976, the design for a solar data center was initiated by the Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology (ICST) at the National Bureau of Standards (NBS). A series of publications [3] developed the framework for what was to become the Residential Solar Data Center (SDC).
In March 1977 the SDC became operational at NBS and operated until October 1981 when the program ended. The SDC was responsible for the establishment and operation of a data base containing non-ins trumented solar data collected by participants in the Residential Solar Demonstration Program which was managed by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD).
The principal data collection contractor for HUD in the demonstration program was the Boeing Aerospace Corporation (BAC) which had subcontracted with the American Institute of Architects/Research Corporation (AIA/RC); Dubin, Bloome Associates (DBA); and the Real Estate Research Corporation (RERC). These contractors collected and forwarded data to the SDC which maintained a solar data base consisting of the following files:
1. Grant File ; This file contained basic project and system information for each application funded by HUD. These data were derived from grant applications submitted to HUD and updated with information from periodic field reports. More detailed information about this file is available in [4]
2. Grantee Report File : Data in this file were based upon reports submitted by each grantee to BAC describing the progress of the grant from design and award of construction financing through actual construction, sale, and permanent financing. The grantee's perception of the ease or difficulty in obtaining construction or permanent financing and building and zoning approval, as well as construction, equipment, or installation problems were included.
3. Technical Description File : This file contained basic system design and predicted performance data collected by DBA from a large number of selected non-instrumented systems and for all instrumented systems. A more detailed set of data was col- lected by AIA/RC for those systems which were instrumented. The data sample corresponded to the marketing survey and the utility consumption samples.
4. Technical Concerns File ; Contained in this file were data on problems found during the design, construction or operational
4 ohase which were recorded in field activity reports submitted by DBA and BAG field representatives. It also contained data on problems found after construction, as recorded by the grantee.
5. Marketing Survey File : This file contained extensive survey questionnaire results collected by RERC from selected builders, lenders, homebuyers, code officials, utility companies, and other market participants. The data sample included repre- sentatives of those who chose to build, lend, or buy a funded solar house and "comparatives" who did not become involved. Data were also collected after the sale to gauge builder and consumer reactions over a period of time. The data sample selected for these surveys (about 25 percent of all grants) is the same sample for which technical description data and utility consumption data were collected.
6. Utility Consumption File ; This file contained information on auxiliary or "backup" fuel consumed for selected projects. The projects selected were those for which marketing survey results were collected. The data were collected from utility companies (with purchaser agreement). "Comparative" data were also collected.*
The following is a brief description of the services which were provided by the SDC:
Receipt and Maintenance of Data
The SDC provided a central location for the receipt, storage, pro- cessing and reduction of non-instrumented , residential solar data col- lected from the Solar Demonstration Program. Data were collected and transcribed onto computer forms by HUD and its contractors. These forms were sent to the SDC and from there to NBS contractors who keyed the information into machine-readable formats. The incoming data were then edited, catalogued, reformatted, translated, and validated. Tnese activities provided the necessary control and prepared the data for use in the production of appropriate reports.
Production of Printed Reports
A major function of the SDC was the production of reports ranging from complete listings of all data in a file to more dc'tailed "custom" computer reports. Custom reports were produced to meet specific user requirements and may have printed only selected data from a file and may have re-sorted the selected data into a new sequence. New report
*A more complete description of data files and specific data elements is contained in section 5.
5 ; . ;
requirements were defined by HUD or its contractors in the Residential Demonstration Program. These reports were generated whenever a data file was updated.*
Provision of Online Access to the Data
Some data files could be accessed by authorized users (as determined by HUD) via a computer terminal. Access was made possible through the use of a query package called MIRADS (Marshall Information Retrieval and Display System).
Ad Hoc Functions
In addition to the operation and maintenance of the data base, the SDC also provided the following user seiTv^ices (see [4], [5]):
1. technical expertise to answer user questions and to provide assistance
2. development of computer programs in response to users' special needs
3. user training in online access to the data base and in procedures for transcription and validation of data;
4. documentation of available data, reports, and online access techniques
5. interface with data collectors and users;
6. development of standards for terminology, programs, and documentation.
7. archiving of files, computer listings, documentation, and programs
*See section 3 for a list of the final computer reports available from HUD.
6 3. SUMMARY OF COMPUTER REPORTS AVAILABLE*
The tables in this section show final computer output reports which are available from HUD. (See address on page iii.) Tables 1-6 summarize content, and indicate report sequence (i.e., sorted by grant number, sorted by manufacturer, etc.). Sample pages from all these reports are contained in section 4.
The following is an explanation of terms used in the headings of tables 1-6:
Description : A brief description of the data elements included in each report. (See section 5 for additional information.)
Sequence of Data : The order in which line items are sorted.
Report Number : Number by which the report is referenced when requesting a copy from HUD. This same number appears at the top of each page of the report.
*Summary statistics of Grant, Grantee, Technical Description, and Utility Consumption file data are currently being compiled and will be available from the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD).
7 .
Table 1. Sununary of Grant File Computer Reports
Sequence Number Description of Data of Report
Most of these computer reports are available in [4]
Complete listing of all data collected for each Grant SG-Cl grant awarded. (492 pages) Number
Analysis of units and costs for grant awarded System SG-C2 showing average unit cost. (1 page) Type
Listing of grants awarded with grantee name, Grant SG-C3 project city and state, housing type, con- Number struction type, dwelling count, solar system, number of buildings, system type, system kind, collector sq. ft., designer cost to gov- ernment, builder cost to government, solar fraction, and solar manufacturer. (25 pages)
Same as SG-C3 except auxiliary fuel type and Grant SG-C3F storage medium are shown instead of solar Number fraction. (25 pages)
Same as SG-C3 except collector sq. ft. and Manu- SG-C4BC cost per MBtu is shown instead of designer facturer and builder costs to government. (25 pages)
Same as SG-C3 except cost to government is Manu- SG-C4CG shown instead of designer and builder costs facturer to government and solar fraction. (32 pages)
Same as SG-C3 except grantee city and state Grantee SG-C5AS are shown instead of project city and state. City and (28 pages) State
Same contents as SG-C3. (28 pages) Project SG-C5PS City and State
Same as SG-C3 except HUD region is also shown. HUD SG-C7 (26 pages) Region
8 : ,
Table 2. Summary of Grantee File Computer Reports
Sequence Number Description of Data of Report
Listing of all Grantee Report data. (500 pages) Grantee BA-Rl Report Card Number, Project ID
One page per project of all Grantee Project ID B-R2 Report 1, 3 and 4 data, with field titles. (937 pages)
Listing of all project IDs for each grantee Project ID B-P4 report in the data base. (19 pages)
Table 3. Summary of Technical Description File Computer Reports
Sequence Number Description of Data of Report
Listing of data on instrumented and Project ID, DA-Rl non- instrumented systems for which F-Chart System calculations were done. This listing includes Number the F-Chart input and output data. (200 pages)
Listing of data on instrumented systems Project ID AC-Rl including available - the site and building with a solar system on micro- - the collector subsystem film or - the thermal storage subsystem microfiche - the controls subsystem - the circulation subsystem - the auxiliary energy subsystem, and - the predicted system performance. (10,000 pages)
9 ,
Table 4. Summary of Technical Concerns File Computer Reports
Sequence Number Description of Data of Report
Listing of all technical concerns data for Grant CB-D3 each system with problems. Codes are translated Number, for hardware element, actions, and events. System (223 pages) Number Date
Simplified listing of CB-D3, with hardware Grant CB-D3A element and events data in "summarized" form. Number Additional data shown is cycle, number of units, System new or retrofit, housing type, system type, Number system kind, and transfer medium. (67 pages)
Summary of hardware element with technical Grant CB-HAS concerns. (22 pages) Number, System Number ,
Table 5. Summary of Marketing Survey File Computer Reports
Sequence Number Description of Data of Report
Question and answer dictionary, showing Question- RA-Rl thru abbreviated forms for all marketing survey naire ID, RZ-Rl questions and all the possible answers, both coded Question and uncoded. (463 pages) number. Project ID
Listing of all answers for the marketing Question- RA-2 thru survey questionnaire from single family builder naire ID, RZ-2 thru follow-up comparative renter. (200 pages) Question number Project ID
Table 6. Summary of Utility Consumption File Computer Reports
Sequence Number Description of Data of Report
Listing of all utility consumption data Project ID, BF-Rl (usually monthly) and comparative data, Fuel type, including averages of fuel usage for each unit. filling (650 pages) Start date
Listing of only the yearly average fuel usage Project ID, BF-Rl-AVG data for each unit. (15 pages) Fuel type
Listing of utility supplier data for those Utility BF-SUP-Rl companies supplying fuel to units. Report supplier includes name and address of supplier, code as well as code by which data was stored on computer. (6 pages)
11 4. SAMPLE PAGES OF REPORTS
This section contains copies of actual pages from each report. Since these examples may contain out-of-date or out-of-context data, they should be viewed as "samples” only. The title of the report, the date it was produced, the report identification number, and sequential page number are shown on the top of each page. An explanation of "not applicable" codes (as seen on pgs. 22 and 23) is given below. Other codes may be directly interpreted since meaningful abbreviations were used whenever possible. Codes are more fully explained with the complete report.
"Not Applicable" Codes
Missing data in these reports were usually indicated by one of four "not applicable" codes. The four codes and their translations are shown below. When space is available in the report, the code was translated and only the interpretation was printed.
N/A Code Translation
XX Information will be available later XA Information will not be collected XB Information not required XC See additional comments
12 ‘ ’
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CL X UI 07 •— fZUczscQcacD: U CL 03 S 2 O UJ I X 03 U a. Q a. 2 Z O X 2 2 O «nZ4U7 — — €M — CMcn^Tiniofvcoai — — CMC^cMcn — CMf^4 — CM<*74 — — CM — CM — CM<*74U7«OIv*- 34 5. DATA FILE ELEMENTS This section provides a detailed description of the data in the files which comprised the Solar Data Base* These data are available on tape from the National Technical Information Service (see page 59). GRANT FILE ELEMENTS These data were requested by HUD from organizations or individuals applying for grants for building homes with solar energy systems. Sub- sequently, data concerning applicants who received grants were stored in a file on the NBS computer. There were 668 grants awarded during the Residential Demonstration Program (1975-1980). Description of Data Grant ID* Grantee Information: Name, type and address of grantee contact person(s) Total solar energy system cost ($) Portion of solar system cost requested by grantee ($) Project Information: Project location address Model Information: Housing type Number of dwelling units Number of buildings Number of solar systems Total conditioned area per building State economic area code Solar Energy System Information: System type (heating, cooling or water) System kind (active, passive or hybrid) Transfer media (air or liquid) Solar collector - manufacturer code, type, aperture area in square feet Auxiliary fuel type Total cost for each solar system ($) Storage medium Cost to government for, each solar system ($) Total load in Btu x 10 ^ Solar energy used in Btu x 10 *The Grant File uses a different numbering scheme from the other files in order to comply with Federal, privacy requirements. 35 : GRANTEE FILE ELEMENTS These data were received via three separate input forms. Grantee Reports 1, 3, and 4 were completed by grantees during different phases of the solar project. Grantee Report 1 was filed after the grant was awarded. Grantee Report 3 was filed after the construction was completed. Grantee Report 4 was filed after the building(s) or unit(s) was sold or rented. Description of Data Grantee Report //I Project ID Project Information: Address Grant award date Report #1 date Instrumented or non-instrumented data (yes or no) New or retrofit Construction Financing: Financing arrangements (yes, no, pending) Experience/problems Grantee Report //3 Dates Date Grantee Report #2 submitted (see Technical Description file) Date Grantee Report #3 submitted Final design completion date Begin solar installation date Solar test completion date Construction completion date Building Permit Data: Approval date Approving authority Address Experience/problems Occupancy Permit Data: Approval date Approving authority Address Experience/problems Building Codes: National code models, if any Local codes Experience/problems Construction Financing Data: Confirmed approval date Mortgage type 36 GRANTEE FILE ELEMENTS (CONTINUED) Period (months) Interest rate Amount ($) Financing organization Address Rental/Sales Agreement; Sales/rental terms HUD access terms Construction Problems: Equipment delivery problems Equipment breakdown problems Labor problems Building interface problems Other construction problems Solar Oriented Events; Warranty on file Owner's manual on file Auxiliary energy type Grantee Report //4 Sale Price and Mortgage Data: Final sale price ($) Final rental rate ($) Mortgage amount ($) Period (months) Interest rate Mortgage approval date Mortgage type (FHA, VA, private, etc.) Points/fees Mortgagor Address Unit status (model, sold, rental) Report date Initial sales price ($) Initial rental rate ($) Instrumentation (unit) Mortgage arranged by (purchaser, builder, grantee) Problems obtaining mortgage Marketing Data: Marketing period (weeks) Date house first offered Sales contract date Occupancy date Number of visitors Number of prospective buyers Marketing problems General reaction by public 37 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION FILE ELEMENTS Two sets of technical data were collected. The first was collected on about 25 percent of all non-ins trumented systems and all of the instrumented systems. It contained a brief description of the solar energy system which was to be installed and information concerning pre- dicted system performance. These data were basically extracted from Grantee Report #2, a report submitted by the grantee when the design of his system was completed and approved by HUD. Description of Data Project ID Collector/Absorber Information; Azimuth angle Tilt angle Net area - collector Cover plate material information Cover plate thickness Number of cover plates Absorber coating Absorber substrate material Fluid passage material Material back insulation Overall R-value of back insulation Panel intercept (collector performance curve) Panel slope (collector performance curve) Incidence angle modifier Freeze protection Storage and Transport Information; Main tank storage volume (heat) Main tank storage volume (DHW) Main tank storage medium (heat) Main tank storage medium (DHW) Pre-heat tank storage volume (heat) Pre-heat tank storage volume (DHW) Auxiliary tank storage volume (heat) Auxiliary tank storage volume (DHW) Storage temperature in main tank - upper Storage temperature in main tank - lower Thermal capacitance Storage capacity Combined heat exchanger efficiency; Collector-to-storage Combined heat exchanger efficiency; Storage-to-load Transport medium Water (percent by volume) Density Specific heat Flow rate 38 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION FILE ELEMENTS (CONTINUED) Air flow correction factor Liquid load correction factor Backup, Heat Pump, and DHW Information; Backup energy type - heat Backup energy type - cooling Backup energy type - DHW Backup capacity - heat Backup efficiency Heat pump type Heat pump - nominal capacity Backup capacity - DHW DHW usage DHW set temperature Monthly DHW inlet temperature Miscellaneous Information: FR-prime-tau-alpha (system performance curve) FR-prime-UL (system performance curve) Ventilation Total heat loss factor - UA CD (correction factor to be used with the degree day calculation method) Internal heat gain City code (reference number for local weather and insolation data) System type Solar Energy System Performance Information: Available insolation - monthly Solar contribution - monthly Auxiliary contribution - monthly Cooling load - monthly Heating load - monthly DHW load - monthly Total load - monthly Solar fraction - monthly Degree days - monthly Solar contribution - yearly Auxiliary contribution - yearly Cooling load - yearly Heating load - yearly DHW load - yearly Total load - yearly Solar fraction - yearly Degree days - yearly The second set of technical data was collected on the components of the solar energy system to be instrumented. Predicted performance data, 39 : : TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION FILE ELEMENTS (CONTINUED) schematics of the system and a site drawing were also included, These data were recorded on microfilm or microfiche. Description of Data System Schematics and Site Drawings Project ID Building and Site Description: Project location Building designer Mechanical designer Solar system designer General contractor Mechanical contractor Solar contractor Other participants (if any) Design integration monitor Type of solar system integration Regulatory codes Name and year of state or local code/regulation Model codes which are the basis for regulations General Characteristics: Building type Planned type of ownership Planned type of occupancy Development type Site Latitude Longitude Altitude Average summer temperature Average winter temperature Heating Design Temperatures: Outdoor Indoor Cooling Design Temperatures: Outdoor Indoor Building Front of building faces (direction) Average number of stories above ground Average number of stories below ground 40 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION FILE ELEMENTS (CONTINUED) Total height above grade Total conditioned floor area Roof type Design Heat Loss/Load and Related Building Data; Design heat loss/load to design conditions Heat loss/load calculation method Attic Design shaded glass areas Building ventilation rates Internal heat gain assumptions Site: Heating degree days per month Insolation per month Heating degree days per year Solar System Description: System ID: Firm Model name/number Type of system: Air, active Air, passive Liquid, active Liquid, passive System and component summary: Number of collector types Number of circulation loops Number of thermal storage units Number of operational modes Number of pumps Number of valves Number of blowers Number of dampers Number of sensors Number of flow regulators Number of pressure regulators Number of subsystem fail-safe controls Solar System Cost and Lifetime Estimates: System design life Design life collector #1 Design life collector //2 Equipment Costs: Collectors ($) Storage units ($) Distributon and controls ($) 41 : : TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION FILE ELEMENTS (CONTINUED) Other Costs: Installation costs ($) Other ($) Collector: Identification (manufacturer, address) Model name /number Type Location, orientation, tilt Array and collector characteristics Collector shading Cover Plates: Number of cover plates Location Manufacturer Product name/number Material Physical dimensions Optical properties Edge or surface treatment Absorber Identification Material Number of absorbers per collector Coating Heat transfer fluid passages Insulation: Layer one - sides Layer two - sides Layer one - back Layer two - back Gaskets and Sealants: Location Material (sealants) Material (gaskets) Frame Identification Material Protective coating Standoffs Number of structural attachment points Built-in collector 42 : TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION FILE ELEMENTS (CONTINUED) Reflector Identification Number of reflectors Substrate material Reflective coating Protective coating Physical dimensions Other Information: Desiccant Freeze protection Overheating protection Passive collector heat transfer control Collector Performance Thermal Storage Unit Sensible Heat Solid: Container information Storage medium Heat transport to and from medium Container materials Interior lining Container location Insulation types Exterior finish types Filters Sensible Heat Liquid: Container information Storage medium Heat transport to and from medium Container construction Container materials Interior lining Container location Auxiliary heaters Container insulation Exterior finish types Filters Getters Latent Storage Medium: Container information Storage medium Materials Additives Properties of medium 43 : TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION FILE ELEMENTS (CONTINUED) Module for latent medium Heat transport to and from medium Auxiliary heaters Container construction Container materials Interior lining Container location Exterior insulation types Exterior finish types Getters Auxiliary heaters Circulation Loop: Air Flow rate Components within circulation loop Ducting: Duct types Location types Joint types Internal duct insulation Internal finish External duct insulation External finish Filters Liquid: Flow rate Heat transfer medium Piping: Rigid piping type Interior coating type Flexible coupling type Coupling reinforcement type Piping and coupling connection type Piping insulation type Location Exterior finish types Finish and insulation - joint type Filter types Strainer types Getters Distribution: Pump (Circulator): Pump information Design conditions Valve 44 ; ; ; : TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION FILE ELEMENTS (CONTINUED) Blower ’ Blower information Design conditions Damper Heat Exchanger; Air to air Air to liquid; Material types Heating Cooling Liquid to liquid; Material types Heating Cooling Air to refrigerant Liquid to refrigerant Controls Control mode selector information Sensors Subsystem fail-safe controls Tracking mount drive controls Auxiliary Energy; Domestic water heater; Energy source Burner ignition method Automatic flue vent Furnace Energy source Burner ignition method Automatic flue vent Electric resistance heaters Boiler; Energy source Burner ignition method Automatic flue vent Air conditioning: Air conditioning information Refrigeration machine: Description Operating characteristics Burner ignition method Automatic flue vent Heat rejection device Dehumidifiers Description Operating conditions 45 : TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION FILE ELEMENTS (CONTINUED) Humidifiers Description Operating conditions Supplemental heater Heat pumps (reverse cycle air conditioner): Type Heating mode Cooling mode Heat pumps (reverse cycle refrigeration machine): Description Heat pump heat exchanger: Liquid to refrigerant Air to refrigerant Predicted System Performance: Space temperature (heating) Space temperature (cooling) Domestic hot water temperature Total demand load (MMBtu) Energy supplied by solar system (MMBtu) Energy supplied by auxiliary systems (MMBtu) Solar system operating energy (kWh) Simulation time period 46 TECHNICAL CONCERNS FILE ELEMENTS Data for this file were generated when a technical representative made contact with a solar project where . technical concerns were being experienced. These technical concerns ranged from minor concerns (such as delivery delays due to weather) to significant concerns (such as out- gassing due to faulty material selection) . Selected reports documenting technical concerns during design, construction, or operational phase of the project were transcribed and put onto the computer. Description of Data Project ID System Number Date of Contact Hardware Element With a Technical Concern Action Taken (i.e., repair, replace, etc.) Event (s) Which Caused Technical Concern (i.e., breakage, delivery delay, etc.) Action Taken by HUD, Grantee, etc. Direct Cost of Action ($) Performance Area (thermal, structural, mechanical, etc.) Project Status (completed or action pending) Phase (design, construction, operation) Cycle Number Type of Failure Which Caused the Technical Concern (catastrophic to questionable) Frequency of Technical Concern 47 MARKETING SURVEY FILE ELEMENTS This file contains survey research data from builders, lenders, zoning officials, solar homebuyers, and other market participants. Data are non-technical and designed to prcr/ide marketplace and attitudinal information as well as perceptions of constraints on the entry of solar energy to the residential housing market. The data were obtained using one or a ccmbination of 26 sets of interview questionnaires. Most collected information was used in several studies and analyses, including studies of building code regula- tions, economic performance modeling, financial feasibility, consumer attitudes, legal issues, and land use. About 25 percent of all grants were included in this sample. The sane set of grants had technical description and utility consumption data collected. Description of Data Single Family Builder/Developer Comparative Single Family Builder /Developer Multi-Family Builder/Developer Comparative Multi-Family Builder/Develot er Purchaser Comparative Purchaser Prospective Purchaser Renter Comparative Renter Building Management Participating Construction Lender Participating Permanent Lender Non-Participating Lender Insurance Company Utility Company (Auxiliary) Utility Company (Alternative) Local Planning and Zoning Official Local Building Code Official Local Tax Assessor Purchaser Follow-Up Comparative Purchaser Follow-Up Renter Follow-Up Comparative Renter Follow-Up Participating Builder Follow-Up Comparative Builder Follow-Up Site/House Description 48 UTILITY CONSUMPTION FILE ELEMENTS The utility consumption reports contain data solicited from utility companies which supply service to grant units. Information regarding auxiliary (non-solar) fuel consumed by housing units equipped with solar devices was collected along with comparative fuel consumption data on non-solar equipped units of similar size and design. About 25 percent of all grants contained systems for which utility consumption data were collected. This sample corresponded to the Marketing Survey File sample. Description of Data Project ID Supplier; Auxiliary energy type Meter number Supplier code Billing Information: Start of billing period End of billing period Present meter reading Previous meter reading Energy consumed Billing frequency Cost Information; Rate code Energy cost ($) Surcharge, if any Tax Total cost this period ($) A9 . . 6. INTERACTIVE ACCESS TO SOLAR DATA Some users of the data which was collected in the Residential Solar Heating and Cooling Demonstration Program (those specifically authorized by HUD to do so) were able to directly access interactive files of the solar data base (see figure 2, page 51) through remotely situated computer terminals which were tied to the main computer at the National Bureau of Standards by telephone lines. The Solar Data Center (SDC) had provided access to the files through MIRADS (Marshall information Retrieval ^nd D^isplay System) MIRADS is an online storage and retrieval system generally used for retrieval of non-technical data, such as Grant File data. Under MIRADS, in response to the issuance of four basic commands: QUERY, SORT, COMPUTE, and PRINT; the system searches the data base (based on the selection criteria in the query command), sorts and retrieves selected data as specified, performs any computations requested, and prints the results The SDC had written the MIRADS User ^ s Guide [6] for users of the interactive solar files. It contains the basic MIRADS language rules, examples of use, and a step-by-step walk-through of a typical interactive session. 50 terminal i over access TO FOR USE FILES LEVEL Interactive RESEARCH EXPAND DETAIL , FILES MANAGEMENT USE SUMMARIZE Summary FOR Inlormation Management 7. AMOUNT OF DATA COLLECTED The tables in this section show the amount of data collected during the Residential Solar Demonstration Program from 1975-1981. Table 7. Summary of Grant File Data Dwelling Cycle Grants Units Systems 1 50 135 113 2 70 . 1290 253 3 145 3093 415 4 36 1709 58 4A 75 3617 236 5 130 175 101 PI 162 79 79 TOTAL ALL CYCLES: 668 10,098 1255 Table 8. Summary of Grantee File Data Dwelling Cycle Grants Units Systems * 1 50 88 2 70 206 3 145 262 4 36 44 4A 75 . 87 5 130 31 PI 162 61 TOTAL ALL CYCLES; 668 779 *Data not collected at this level. 53 Table 9 * Summary of Technical Description File Data Non-instrumented Systems Dwelling* Cycle Grants Units Systems 1 26 43 2 44 168 3 60 154 4 9 30 ' 4A 12 33 TOTAL ALL CYCLES: 151 428 Instrumented Systems Dwelling* Cycle Grants Units Systems 1 6 10 2 26 31 3 19 26 4 2 3 4A 4 5 PI 4 5 TOTAL ALL CYCLES: 61 80 *Data not collected at this level. 54 Table 10. Summary of Technical Concerns File Data Dwelling* Cycle Grants Units Systems 1 36 70 2 57 171 3 99 217 4 13 14 4A 33 80 5 2 2 PI 2_ 2_ TOTAL ALL CYCLES; 242 556 *Data not collected at this level. 55 Table 11. Summary of Marketing Survey File Data erence Questionnaire Administered To: Sample Size RA Single-Family (SF) Builder or Developer 138 RB Comparative SF Builder or Developer 260 RC* Multi-family (MF) Builder or Developer RE Purchaser 276 RF Comparative Purchaser 252 RG Prospective Purchaser 52 RH* Renter RJ* Comparative Renter RL Participating Construction Lender 105 RM Participating Permanent Lender RN Non-participating Lender 129 RO Insurance Company /Agency 112 RP Auxiliary Utility Company 92 RQ Alternative Utility Company 43 RR Local Planning/Zoning Official 105 RS Local Building Code Official 104 RT Local Tax Assessor 68 RU Follow-up Builder 121 RV* Follow-up Comparative Builder 137 RX* Follow-up Comparative Purchaser 28 RW Follow-up Purchaser 173 RW2 Second Follow-up Purchaser 117 RW3 Third Follow-up Purchaser 51 SI** House/Site Description 531 * This data is available from RERC only in hard-copy files. ** The house/site description sample is approximately 80% of all possible single family, for-sale grants. 56 : Table 12. Summary of Utility File Data - Comparative Dwelling Dwelling Cycle Grants Units Units Systems * 1 26 65 26 2 32 105 30 3 41 64 36 4 6 9 4 4A 4 9 0 5 2 2 0 PI 28 29 TOTAL ALL CYCLES 139 283 96 *Data not collected at this level 8. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors wish to thank William Freeborne of the Department of Housing and Urban Development for his review of this document and his helpful suggestions and comments. The authors would also like to acknowledge the contribution of Joan E. Krzewick of the National Engineering Laboratory, NBS, in co-authoring the earlier, 1979 version of this publication. 58 9^ PREFERENCES [1] Solar Data Center status reports, SDC Report No. 4; 1978 January and October. [2] Christopher, Patricia M. ; Krzewick, Joan E. Residential solar data center: data resources and reports. Nat. Bur. Stand. (U.S.) NBSIR 79-1762; NTIS/PB297582 ; 1979 June. 61 p. [3] Aronoff, M. J.; Deutsch, D. R. Project plan for development of data center. ICST Planning Report No. 1; 1977 January. Ruthberg, Z. G. Estimation of input data. ICST Planning Report No. 2; 1977 January. Collica, J. C. NBS computer resources meeting data center requirements. ICST Planning Report No. 3; 1977 March. Fong, E. Design of data dictionary. ICST Planning Report No. 4; 1977 March. Leong-Hong, B. ; Marron, B. User's manual for online retrieval of grant application data. ICST Planning Report No. 5; 1977 August. [4] Christopher, Patricia M. ; Charlton, Lynne Residential solar data center grant reports. Natl. Bur. Stand. (U.S.) NBSIR 81-2376; 1981 September. 136 p.* [5] Christopher, Patricia M. Residential solar data center: data dictionary/directory . Natl. Bur. Stand. (U.S.) NBSIR 81-2357; 1981 September. 94 p.* [6] Christopher, Patricia M. ; Vogt, Michael; Hall, Douglas Residential solar data center MIRADS user's guide. Natl. Bur. Stand. (U.S.) NBSIR 80-2144; 1980 October. 134 p.* *Will be available from; National Technical Information Service 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, VA 22161 59 >j»S.H4A m V- 2-»c. 2. Performing 3. Publication j.». OLPT. OF COMM. 1. publication or Organ. Report No. Date REPORT NO. BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA SHEET {Soe instruction s) NBSIR 81-2369 October 1981 4. riTLE AND SUBTITLE Residential Solar Data Center: Data Resources and Reports J. AUThOR(S) -Pnrricia M. Christopher and Audrey 0. Houser F’t.RrORMING ORGANIZATION (If joint or other thanNBS, see instructions) 7. Comract/Grant No. IAA-H-54-81 (formerly matiomal bureau of standards department of commerce «^^pe o?Sepo9c^ & Period Covered WASHINGTON, D.C. 20234 F inal Sepfe. 1979 to Sept. 1981 jPONbORlNG ORGANIZATION NAME AND COMPLETE ADDRESS (Street. City. State, ZIP) Department of Housing and Urban Development Office of the Assistant Secretary for Policy Development and Research Division of Energy, Building Technology and Standards Washington, D.C. 20410 10. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES .Supersedes NBSIR 79-1762, Residential Solar Data Center: Data Resources and Reports Document describes a computer program; SF-185, FIPS Software Summary, is attached. 11. abstract (A 200-word or less (actual summary of most significant in formation. If document includes a significant titliography or literature survey, mention it here) The Residential Solar Data Center (SDC) was responsible for the estab- lishment and operation of a computerized data base containing non-instrumented residential data collected from the DoE/HUD Solar Heating and Cooling Demonstration Program. This document includes a summary of the history and background of the SDC and its role in the demonstration program, a list of the final computer reports which are available, sample pages of representative reports, and a description of the data files which comprised the solar data base. W. M. T ‘’'ORDS (Si* to twelve entries; alphabetical order; capitalize only proper names; and separate key words by semicolon s) .•vutomatic data processing; data base; residential buildings; solar data base; •—7- ] .1 r hc.Ttint> .anrl rnolinc’* cinlnr* onproi? — — L-itiAi ay jj_ A . A:l.abiLITY ^ 14. NO. OF PRINTED PAGES r-c' OHicial Distribution. ; Do Not Release to NTIS 65 ler From SuDcrmtendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. • - 402. 15. 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