Chapter 1 Paleontology As a Science
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European Journal of Taxonomy 753: 1–80 ISSN 2118-9773 https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.753.1389 www.europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu 2021 · Tissier J. et al. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0). Monograph urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8009DD3B-53B0-45C9-921E-58D04C9C0B48 New species, revision, and phylogeny of Ronzotherium Aymard, 1854 (Perissodactyla, Rhinocerotidae) Jérémy TISSIER 1,*, Pierre-Olivier ANTOINE 2 & Damien BECKER 3 1,3 Route de Fontenais 21, JURASSICA Museum, 2900 Porrentruy, Switzerland & Chemin du musée 4, Université de Fribourg, Department of Geosciences, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland. 2 Place Eugène Bataillon, Institut des sciences de l’évolution de Montpellier-CNRS-IRD-RPHE, Université de Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France. * Corresponding author: [email protected] 2 Email: [email protected] 3 Email: [email protected] 1 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:7418361D-FAA0-4D7D-AE4A-80B5C9288B31 2 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:61FBD377-963B-4530-A4BC-0AB4CBCAD967 3 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:E1D8E6B2-6F92-4B0B-A772-4F5C561851DB Abstract. Ronzotherium is one of the earliest Rhinocerotidae in Europe, which fi rst appeared just after the Eocene/Oligocene transition (Grande Coupure), and became extinct at the end of the Oligocene. It is a large-sized rhinocerotid, with a special position in the phylogeny of this group, as being one of the earliest-branching true Rhinocerotidae. However, its intra-generic systematics has never been tested through computational phylogenetic methods and it is basically unknown. Its taxonomical history has gone through numerous complications, and thus we aim to provide here a complete revision of this genus, through phylogenetic methods. -
From the Late–Middle Eocene of Eastern Thrace
G Model PALEVO-993; No. of Pages 15 ARTICLE IN PRESS C. R. Palevol xxx (2017) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Comptes Rendus Palevol www.sci encedirect.com General Palaeontology, Systematics and Evolution (Vertebrate Palaeontology) First occurrence of Palaeotheriidae (Perissodactyla) from the late–middle Eocene of eastern Thrace (Greece) Première occurrence de Palaeotheriidae (Perissodactyla) du Miocène moyen–tardif de Thrace orientale (Grèce) a,b,∗ a Grégoire Métais , Sevket Sen a CR2P, Paléobiodiversité et Paléoenvironnements, UMR 7207 (CNRS, MNHN, UPMC), Sorbonne Université, Muséum national d’histoire naturelle, 8, rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France b Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, 66045 Lawrence, Kansas, USA a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: A detailed assessment of postcranial fossils collected at Balouk Keui (Thrace, Greece) in the Received 11 July 2016 mid-19th Century by the naturalist Auguste Viquesnel enabled us to identify the material Accepted after revision 10 January 2017 as pertaining to Palaeotherium sp., cf. P. magnum, which constitutes the easternmost occur- Available online xxx rence of the genus during the Eocene. We have constrained the geographic and stratigraphic provenance of the fossil by reassessing information about Viquesnel’s itinerary and observa- Handled by Lars vanden Hoek Ostende tions. Although the exact age of the fossil remains uncertain, the occurrence of a palaeothere in the Thrace Basin during the Eocene indicates a wider geographic distribution for the Keywords: genus, which had previously been restricted to western and central Europe. The palaeothere Palaeotherium of Balouk Keui confirms that the palaeogeographic range of this group included the Balkans Thrace during the middle–late Eocene. -
Some Philosophical Questions About Paleontology and Their Practica1 Consequences
ACTA GEOLOGICA HISPANICA. Concept and method in Paleontology. 16 (1981) nos 1-2, pags. 7-23 Some philosophical questions about paleontology and their practica1 consequences by Miquel DE RENZI Depto. de Geología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Valencia. Burjassot (Valencia). This papcr attempts to objectively discuss the actual state ofpaleontology. The En aquest treball s'ha intentat fer un balanc d'alguns aspectes de I'estat de la progress of this science stood still somewhat during the latter part of the last paleontologia. La historia de la paleontologia mostra un estancarnent a les century which caused it to develop apart from the biological sciences. an area to darreries del segle passac aquest estancament va Fer que la nostra ciencia s'anes which it is naturally tied. As aconsequence, this bruought a long-term stagnation, allunyant cada cop mes de I'area de les ciencies bii~logiques,amb les qualsestava because biology, dunng this century, has made great progress and paleontology lligada naturalment AixO va portar, com a conseqüencia, un important has not During the last 20 years paleontology as a science hasrecuperatedsome endarreriment, car la biologia, durant aquest segle, ha donat un gran pas of this loss, but we as scientists need to be careful in various aspects of its endavant, mentre que aquest no ha estat el cas de lapaleontologia Al nostre pais development -i possiblement a molts d'altres- la paleontologia es, fonamentalment, un estn per datar estrats. Tanmateix, un mal estri, car la datació es basadaen les especies fossils i la seva determinació es fonamenta en el ccncepte d'especie biolbgica; els fossils pero en moltes ocasions, són utilitzats mes aviat com si fossin segells o monedes. -
The Paleontology Synthesis Project and Establishing a Framework for Managing National Park Service Paleontological Resource Archives and Data
Lucas, S.G. and Sullivan, R.M., eds., 2018, Fossil Record 6. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 79. 589 THE PALEONTOLOGY SYNTHESIS PROJECT AND ESTABLISHING A FRAMEWORK FOR MANAGING NATIONAL PARK SERVICE PALEONTOLOGICAL RESOURCE ARCHIVES AND DATA VINCENT L. SANTUCCI1, JUSTIN S. TWEET2 and TIMOTHY B. CONNORS3 1National Park Service, Geologic Resources Division, 1849 “C” Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20240, [email protected]; 2National Park Service, 9149 79th Street S., Cottage Grove, MN 55016, [email protected]; 3National Park Service, Geologic Resources Division, 12795 W. Alameda Parkway, Lakewood, CO 80225, [email protected] Abstract—The National Park Service Paleontology Program maintains an extensive collection of digital and hard copy documents, publications, photographs and other archives associated with the paleontological resources documented in 268 parks. The organization and preservation of the NPS paleontology archives has been the focus of intensive data management activities by a small and dedicated team of NPS staff. The data preservation strategy complemented the NPS servicewide inventories for paleontological resources. The first phase of the data management, referred to as the NPS Paleontology Synthesis Project, compiled servicewide paleontological resource data pertaining to geologic time, taxonomy, museum repositories, holotype fossil specimens, and numerous other topics. In 2015, the second phase of data management was implemented with the creation and organization of a multi-faceted digital data system known as the NPS Paleontology Archives and NPS Paleontology Library. Two components of the NPS Paleontology Archives were designed for the preservation of both park specific and servicewide paleontological resource archives and data. A third component, the NPS Paleontology Library, is a repository for electronic copies of geology and paleontology publications, reports, and other media. -
Coversheet for Thesis in Sussex Research Online
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Sussex Research Online A University of Sussex PhD thesis Available online via Sussex Research Online: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/ This thesis is protected by copyright which belongs to the author. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the Author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the Author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Please visit Sussex Research Online for more information and further details Cuvier in Context: Literature and Science in the Long Nineteenth Century Charles Paul Keeling DPhil English Literature University of Sussex December 2016 I hereby declare that this thesis has not been and will not be, submitted in whole or in part to an- other University for the award of any other degree. Signature:……………………………………… UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX CHARLES PAUL KEELING DPHIL ENGLISH LITERATURE CUVIER IN CONTEXT: LITERATURE AND SCIENCE IN THE LONG NINETEENTH CENTURY This study investigates the role and significance of Cuvier’s science, its knowledge and practice, in British science and literature in the first half of the nineteenth century. It asks what the current account of science or grand science narrative is, and how voicing Cuvier changes that account. The field of literature and science studies has seen healthy debate between literary critics and historians of science representing a combination of differing critical approaches. -
Scientific BIOGRAPHY and the CASE of GEORGES CUVIER
Hist. Sci.) xiv (1976), 101-137 1976HisSc..14..101O SCIENTIFic BIOGRAPHY AND THE CASE OF GEORGES CUVIER: WITH A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY Dorinda OutralU University of Reading The purpose of this introduction is to provide some interpretative tools for the reader of the body of secondary literature on Georges Cuvier which is examined in the attached critical bibliography. Criticism and analysis of existing work is therefore emphasized, and the problems in volved in constructing a positive biography of Cuvier are only briefly examined. Not only strictly biographical studies, but also work on all aspects of Cuvier's achievement, have been so strongly informed by pre suppositions about his character, that a knowledge of this bias and its characteristic expressions is nece.<;sary before previous work on Cuvier can be properly interp'reted. This bibliography is thus also intended as a necessary clearing of the ground before further study of Cuvier's career can be undertaken. This is true not only because it is necessary to discover the precise extent of factual inadequacy in our knowledge of Cuvier's life and achievement, but also because we need to increase our awareness of the role which biographical inquiry has played in the history of science, for without this awareness, the full implications of the adoption of the form cannot be assessed. Interest in Georges Cuvier has increased considerably during the last decade, but so far almost no account has been taken of the extraordinary biographical tradition through which we view him. Almost every presen tation of Cuvier since his death in 1832 has been dominated by emphases which were established very soon afterwards, and which have continued to monopolize the attention of historians of the life-sciences until very recently. -
GEOLOGY THEME STUDY Page 1
NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARKS Dr. Harry A. Butowsky GEOLOGY THEME STUDY Page 1 Geology National Historic Landmark Theme Study (Draft 1990) Introduction by Dr. Harry A. Butowsky Historian, History Division National Park Service, Washington, DC The Geology National Historic Landmark Theme Study represents the second phase of the National Park Service's thematic study of the history of American science. Phase one of this study, Astronomy and Astrophysics: A National Historic Landmark Theme Study was completed in l989. Subsequent phases of the science theme study will include the disciplines of biology, chemistry, mathematics, physics and other related sciences. The Science Theme Study is being completed by the National Historic Landmarks Survey of the National Park Service in compliance with the requirements of the Historic Sites Act of l935. The Historic Sites Act established "a national policy to preserve for public use historic sites, buildings and objects of national significance for the inspiration and benefit of the American people." Under the terms of the Act, the service is required to survey, study, protect, preserve, maintain, or operate nationally significant historic buildings, sites & objects. The National Historic Landmarks Survey of the National Park Service is charged with the responsibility of identifying America's nationally significant historic property. The survey meets this obligation through a comprehensive process involving thematic study of the facets of American History. In recent years, the survey has completed National Historic Landmark theme studies on topics as diverse as the American space program, World War II in the Pacific, the US Constitution, recreation in the United States and architecture in the National Parks. -
Epilogue: Pattern Cladistics from Goethe to Brady
Epilogue: Pattern Cladistics From Goethe to Brady Most, if not all, ideas in science are recycled, rediscovered, or rehashed, either sur- reptitiously, through rereading and rediscovering old works, or simply (commonly?) through lack of knowledge of past achievements. The idea of transformation—that things might change, transform, convert into other things—for instance, has been proposed many times, by both evolutionists and non-evolutionists alike. Yet the notion of transformation is really a myth, a story which many scientists embrace, a story that tells of living things transforming into other living things, with their role to interpret its meaning and mechanism: The fall of Paradise to the untamed wild, the tamed landscape to the Biblical flood, the reigns of monarchs, a kingdom to a republic and the pastoral to the industrial—of transformations there are plenty. A deep desire to uncover what mechanism(s) lie behind these transformations has provided many explanations, from the acquisition of sin after the fall from grace, to God’s will, to progress, however construed. The belief that every transformation neatly fits a law or model by which nature abides has shaped our way of thinking. Yet concomitant with such thoughts is the recognition that Nature is complex, and that Nature’s complexity obeys no single law or theory that places it neatly into a box. For every law and theory, we are told, there are exceptions, which are given ad hoc explanations. Man may have toiled the soil to shape nature into his or her image of Eden, but complexity does not fit any man-made law. -
A Quantitative Analysis of Red Button Television Content in the UK
Pushing the button: A quantitative analysis of red button television content in the UK Submitted in partial fulfilment of the Requirements of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. July 2014 Andrew Fox 1 Table of Contents Abstract p. 8 Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Introduction p. 10 1.2 Technohype p. 11 1.3 Internet Television p. 13 1.4 Television and Interactivity p. 14 1.5 Research Aims p. 17 1.6 Field Interviews p. 18 1.7 Thesis Structure p. 18 Chapter 2: Theoretical framework and literature review 2.1 Introduction p. 20 2.2 Has the sociological position of television changed? p. 20 2.2.1 ‘The Death of Television’ p. 21 2.2.2 Convergence p. 23 2.2.3 Uncertain future p. 26 2.3 Is interactive television happening and if so why? p. 29 2.3.1 Institutional attitudes p. 29 2.3.2 Regulatory policy p. 33 2.4 What does interactivity mean for television? p. 38 2.4.1 Participatory experience p. 39 2.4.2 Individualistic experience p. 43 2.5 What does interactivity mean for television content? p. 46 2.5.1 Enhanced content p. 46 2.5.2 Freedom of choice p. 48 2 2.6 What does interactive television mean for the audience? p. 50 2.6.1 A more questioning audience p. 51 2.6.2 An everyday experience? p. 52 2.6.3 Choice means responsibility p. 55 2.7 What does interactive television actually offer? p. 57 2.7.1 Defining ‘interactivity’ p. 58 2.7.2 Forms of interactive TV p. -
Early Eocene Fossils Suggest That the Mammalian Order Perissodactyla Originated in India
ARTICLE Received 7 Jul 2014 | Accepted 15 Oct 2014 | Published 20 Nov 2014 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6570 Early Eocene fossils suggest that the mammalian order Perissodactyla originated in India Kenneth D. Rose1, Luke T. Holbrook2, Rajendra S. Rana3, Kishor Kumar4, Katrina E. Jones1, Heather E. Ahrens1, Pieter Missiaen5, Ashok Sahni6 & Thierry Smith7 Cambaytheres (Cambaytherium, Nakusia and Kalitherium) are recently discovered early Eocene placental mammals from the Indo–Pakistan region. They have been assigned to either Perissodactyla (the clade including horses, tapirs and rhinos, which is a member of the superorder Laurasiatheria) or Anthracobunidae, an obscure family that has been variously considered artiodactyls or perissodactyls, but most recently placed at the base of Proboscidea or of Tethytheria (Proboscidea þ Sirenia, superorder Afrotheria). Here we report new dental, cranial and postcranial fossils of Cambaytherium, from the Cambay Shale Formation, Gujarat, India (B54.5 Myr). These fossils demonstrate that cambaytheres occupy a pivotal position as the sister taxon of Perissodactyla, thereby providing insight on the phylogenetic and biogeographic origin of Perissodactyla. The presence of the sister group of perissodactyls in western India near or before the time of collision suggests that Perissodactyla may have originated on the Indian Plate during its final drift toward Asia. 1 Center for Functional Anatomy & Evolution, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 E. Monument Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA. 2 Department of Biological Sciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, USA. 3 Department of Geology, H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar 246175, Uttarakhand, India. 4 Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun 248001, Uttarakhand, India. 5 Research Unit Palaeontology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S8, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. -
The Beginnings of Vertebrate Paleontology in North America Author(S): George Gaylord Simpson Source: Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, Vol
The Beginnings of Vertebrate Paleontology in North America Author(s): George Gaylord Simpson Source: Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, Vol. 86, No. 1, Symposium on the Early History of Science and Learning in America (Sep. 25, 1942), pp. 130-188 Published by: American Philosophical Society Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/985085 . Accessed: 29/09/2013 21:55 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. American Philosophical Society is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 150.135.114.183 on Sun, 29 Sep 2013 21:55:20 PM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions THE BEGINNINGS OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY IN NORTH AMERICA GEORGE GAYLORD SIMPSON Associate Curator of Vertebrate Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History (Read February14, 1942, in Symposiumon theEarly Historyof Science and Learning in America) CONTENTS siderablevariety of vertebratefossils had been foundin before1846, the accepteddate of that dis- 132 the far West First Glimpses.... ......................... covery. Amongthem were findsby Lewis and Clark in Longueuil,1739, to Croghan,1766 ......... ........ 135 1804-1806,a good mosasaurskeleton from South Dakota, Identifyingthe Vast Mahmot.................... -
2014BOYDANDWELSH.Pdf
Proceedings of the 10th Conference on Fossil Resources Rapid City, SD May 2014 Dakoterra Vol. 6:124–147 ARTICLE DESCRIPTION OF AN EARLIEST ORELLAN FAUNA FROM BADLANDS NATIONAL PARK, INTERIOR, SOUTH DAKOTA AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE STRATIGRAPHIC POSITION OF THE BLOOM BASIN LIMESTONE BED CLINT A. BOYD1 AND ED WELSH2 1Department of Geology and Geologic Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701 U.S.A., [email protected]; 2Division of Resource Management, Badlands National Park, Interior, South Dakota 57750 U.S.A., [email protected] ABSTRACT—Three new vertebrate localities are reported from within the Bloom Basin of the North Unit of Badlands National Park, Interior, South Dakota. These sites were discovered during paleontological surveys and monitoring of the park’s boundary fence construction activities. This report focuses on a new fauna recovered from one of these localities (BADL-LOC-0293) that is designated the Bloom Basin local fauna. This locality is situated approximately three meters below the Bloom Basin limestone bed, a geographically restricted strati- graphic unit only present within the Bloom Basin. Previous researchers have placed the Bloom Basin limestone bed at the contact between the Chadron and Brule formations. Given the unconformity known to occur between these formations in South Dakota, the recovery of a Chadronian (Late Eocene) fauna was expected from this locality. However, detailed collection and examination of fossils from BADL-LOC-0293 reveals an abundance of specimens referable to the characteristic Orellan taxa Hypertragulus calcaratus and Leptomeryx evansi. This fauna also includes new records for the taxa Adjidaumo lophatus and Brachygaulus, a biostratigraphic verifica- tion for the biochronologically ambiguous taxon Megaleptictis, and the possible presence of new leporid and hypertragulid taxa.