Geographic Coordinate Systems, Datums, Spheroids, Prime Meridians, and Angular Units of Measure
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Daily Iowan (Iowa City, Iowa), 1953-10-22
The Weather Serving the State Partb c10., aDd eeoIH ·versity of Iowa toda,. CleariDc ....... Art slderlbb eooIer FrWar. Campus and JII,h ~aJ. T.; 1_. 52; Hla'h WednH41a7. II; low. he SUI art i.:wa City 67. attend the 1868 - A,P Leased Wile, Wirephot.o - Five Cent. Iowa City, Iowa, Thursday, Oct. 22, 1953 - Vol. 97, No. 276 the found- , Eat. College Art • ~---------------------------------------------- Department orlSin. Mln ./ '0 the rti.t trom .ohio the conter- ~ shown by ueen ·Will· Open Homecoming ence df 1he AcsthetJcs ege in. No- • Homecoming Mums Aqui Show To Feature Five Iowa sportscasters and Qne ------------ Varied Acts sports writer will judge the utes past any given point In the beauty, or~inallty and humor ot parade route. The 40 tloats wiU Three days ot 1953 Homecom , ' the I10nt entries In the fifth an- then move to the area just east In, frolic will let the ful\-steam- nual SUI Homecoming parade Frl- of Iowa stadium to remain throu,ll abead si,nal tonight when one ot day night at 7. Saturday's game as a post-parade Taking time out from their re- dISplay parade chairman Loren five campus lovelies is named porting responsibilities to score Hlcker ~on lays. Dolphin Queen for SUY'! 31st an- each of 40 floats ror beaut), will . nUIII poolsld~ sholl'. be Gene Claussen, KXIC Iowa Musical marching grou~s In the City and Gene Shumate KSO De parade will total 13, With nine Pre!\Cntatlon of the qucen-ror- Moines. • high school bands, Shriner bands a-weekend will come at 8 p.m. -
State Plane Coordinate System
Wisconsin Coordinate Reference Systems Second Edition Published 2009 by the State Cartographer’s Office Wisconsin Coordinate Reference Systems Second Edition Wisconsin State Cartographer’s Offi ce — Madison, WI Copyright © 2015 Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System About the State Cartographer’s Offi ce Operating from the University of Wisconsin-Madison campus since 1974, the State Cartographer’s Offi ce (SCO) provides direct assistance to the state’s professional mapping, surveying, and GIS/ LIS communities through print and Web publications, presentations, and educational workshops. Our staff work closely with regional and national professional organizations on a wide range of initia- tives that promote and support geospatial information technologies and standards. Additionally, we serve as liaisons between the many private and public organizations that produce geospatial data in Wisconsin. State Cartographer’s Offi ce 384 Science Hall 550 North Park St. Madison, WI 53706 E-mail: [email protected] Phone: (608) 262-3065 Web: www.sco.wisc.edu Disclaimer The contents of the Wisconsin Coordinate Reference Systems (2nd edition) handbook are made available by the Wisconsin State Cartographer’s offi ce at the University of Wisconsin-Madison (Uni- versity) for the convenience of the reader. This handbook is provided on an “as is” basis without any warranties of any kind. While every possible effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of information contained in this handbook, the University assumes no responsibilities for any damages or other liability whatsoever (including any consequential damages) resulting from your selection or use of the contents provided in this handbook. Revisions Wisconsin Coordinate Reference Systems (2nd edition) is a digital publication, and as such, we occasionally make minor revisions to this document. -
Association of Unit Owners Contact List
Association of Unit Owners Contact List Project Name/Number AOUO Designated Officer for Direct Contact/Mailing Address Management Company/Telephone Number `AKOKO AT HO`OPILI Reg.# 8073 1001 QUEEN Reg.# 7675 1001 WILDER EMILY PRESIDENT 1001 WILDER #305 HAWAIIAN PROPERTIES, LTD. Reg.# 5 WATERS HONOLULU HI 96822 8085399777 1010 WILDER RICHARD TREASURER 1010 WILDER AVE, OFFICE SELF MANAGED Reg.# 377 KENNEDY HONOLULU HI 96822 8085241961 1011 PROSPECT RICHARD PRESIDENT 1188 BISHOP ST STE 2503 CERTIFIED MANAGEMENT INC dba ASSOCI Reg.# 1130 CONRADT HONOLULU HI 96813 8088360911 1015 WILDER KEVIN PRESIDENT 1015 WILDER AVE #201 HAWAIIANA MGMT CO LTD Reg.# 1960 LIMA HONOLULU HI 96822 8085939100 1037 KAHUAMOKU VITA PRESIDENT 94-1037 KAHUAMOKU ST 3 CEN PAC PROPERTIES INC Reg.# 1551 VILI WAIPAHU HI 96797 8085932902 1040 KINAU PAUL PRESIDENT 1040 KINAU ST., #1206 HAWAIIAN PROPERTIES, LTD. Reg.# 527 FOX HONOLULU HI 96814 8085399777 1041 KAHUAMOKU ALAN PRESIDENT 94-1041 KAHUAMOKU ST 404 CEN PAC PROPERTIES INC Reg.# 1623 IGE WAIPAHU HI 96797 8085932902 1054 KALO PLACE JUANA PRESIDENT 1415 S KING ST 504 HAWAIIANA MGMT CO LTD Reg.# 5450 DAHL HONOLULU HI 96814 8085939100 1073 KINAU ANSON PRESIDENT 1073 KINAU ST 1003 HAWAIIANA MGMT CO LTD Reg.# 616 QUACH HONOLULU HI 96814 8085939100 1108 AUAHI TODD PRESIDENT 1240 ALA MOANA BLVD STE. 200 HAWAIIANA MGMT CO LTD Reg.# 7429 APO HONOLULU HI 96814 8085939100 1111 WILDER BRENDAN PRESIDENT 1111 WILDER AVE 7A HAWAIIAN PROPERTIES, LTD. Reg.# 228 BURNS HONOLULU HI 96822 8085399777 1112 KINAU LINDA Y SOLE OWNER 1112 KINAU ST PH SELF MANAGED Reg.# 1295 NAKAGAWA HONOLULU HI 96814 1118 ALA MOANA NICHOLAS PRESIDENT 1118 ALA MOANA BLVD., SUITE 200 HAWAIIANA MGMT CO LTD Reg.# 7431 VANDERBOOM HONOLULU HI 96814 8085939100 1133 WAIMANU ANNA PRESIDENT 1133 WAIMANU STREET, STE. -
Martian Crater Morphology
ANALYSIS OF THE DEPTH-DIAMETER RELATIONSHIP OF MARTIAN CRATERS A Capstone Experience Thesis Presented by Jared Howenstine Completion Date: May 2006 Approved By: Professor M. Darby Dyar, Astronomy Professor Christopher Condit, Geology Professor Judith Young, Astronomy Abstract Title: Analysis of the Depth-Diameter Relationship of Martian Craters Author: Jared Howenstine, Astronomy Approved By: Judith Young, Astronomy Approved By: M. Darby Dyar, Astronomy Approved By: Christopher Condit, Geology CE Type: Departmental Honors Project Using a gridded version of maritan topography with the computer program Gridview, this project studied the depth-diameter relationship of martian impact craters. The work encompasses 361 profiles of impacts with diameters larger than 15 kilometers and is a continuation of work that was started at the Lunar and Planetary Institute in Houston, Texas under the guidance of Dr. Walter S. Keifer. Using the most ‘pristine,’ or deepest craters in the data a depth-diameter relationship was determined: d = 0.610D 0.327 , where d is the depth of the crater and D is the diameter of the crater, both in kilometers. This relationship can then be used to estimate the theoretical depth of any impact radius, and therefore can be used to estimate the pristine shape of the crater. With a depth-diameter ratio for a particular crater, the measured depth can then be compared to this theoretical value and an estimate of the amount of material within the crater, or fill, can then be calculated. The data includes 140 named impact craters, 3 basins, and 218 other impacts. The named data encompasses all named impact structures of greater than 100 kilometers in diameter. -
Planetary Constants and Models
JPL D-12947 PF-IOO-PMC-01 Mars Pathfinder ProJect PLANETARY CONSTANTS AND MODELS Mars at Launch Earth at La_ Dec 2, 1996 SunI, Earth at Mars at Aniva July 4, 1997 December 1995 JilL Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California JPL D-I2947 PF-IOO-PMC-OI Mars Pathfinder Project PLANETARY CONSTANTS AND MODELS Prepared by: ' Robin Vaughan December 1995 JPL Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California JPL D-12947 PFolOO-PMCoO1 Revision History Date Changes Status 10/95 Issued preliminary version for review by project person-el Draft 12/95 First official release; incorporated comments from prelimi- Final nary review. JPL D- !294 7 PFo 100-PMCo 01 Contents List of Figures V 4 List of Tables vii List of Acronyms and Abbreviations ix INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Purpose ............ .......................... 1 1.2 Scope .................... ................... 1 2 COORDINATE SYSTEMS 3 2.1 Definitions 2.1.1 Frame • " • • • ° * ° • " ° • * • ° ° " ° ° * ° • • • ° " " " ' • • • • • • 3 2.1.2 Center • " " • ° " " " ' ° ° ° • * " • • " • " • • " • " " " ° • ° • • • . • 6 2.1.3 Type .................................... 7 2.2 Celestial Systems . ; ............................. 7 2.2.1 The Inertial Reference Frames ..................... 8 2.2.2 Sun-Centered Systems .......................... 9 2.2.3 Earth-Centered Systems ......................... 9 2.2.4 Mars-Centered Systems ......................... 11 2.2.5 Spacecraft-CenteredSystems ...................... 16 2.2.6 MiscellaneousSystems -
Part V: the Global Positioning System ______
PART V: THE GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM ______________________________________________________________________________ 5.1 Background The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite based, passive, three dimensional navigational system operated and maintained by the Department of Defense (DOD) having the primary purpose of supporting tactical and strategic military operations. Like many systems initially designed for military purposes, GPS has been found to be an indispensable tool for many civilian applications, not the least of which are surveying and mapping uses. There are currently three general modes that GPS users have adopted: absolute, differential and relative. Absolute GPS can best be described by a single user occupying a single point with a single receiver. Typically a lower grade receiver using only the coarse acquisition code generated by the satellites is used and errors can approach the 100m range. While absolute GPS will not support typical MDOT survey requirements it may be very useful in reconnaissance work. Differential GPS or DGPS employs a base receiver transmitting differential corrections to a roving receiver. It, too, only makes use of the coarse acquisition code. Accuracies are typically in the sub- meter range. DGPS may be of use in certain mapping applications such as topographic or hydrographic surveys. DGPS should not be confused with Real Time Kinematic or RTK GPS surveying. Relative GPS surveying employs multiple receivers simultaneously observing multiple points and makes use of carrier phase measurements. Relative positioning is less concerned with the absolute positions of the occupied points than with the relative vector (dX, dY, dZ) between them. 5.2 GPS Segments The Global Positioning System is made of three segments: the Space Segment, the Control Segment and the User Segment. -
HORIZONTAL DATUM CONVERSIONS Helping Vermonters Visualize Choice
PART 3: SECTION K HORIZONTAL DATUM CONVERSIONS Helping Vermonters Visualize Choice A Discussion, Examples, and Recommended Conversion Methodology for the Transformation of ARC/INFO Coverages from the North American Datum of 1927 to the North American Datum of 1983 in Vermont. This paper would not have been made available without the thoughtful writing of Milo Robinson, NGS Geodetic Advisor to the State of Vermont, and Gary Smith of Green Mountain Geographics. These recognized leaders in the VGIS community have all of our thanks. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This paper outlines the steps required to convert ARC/INFO coverages from the North American Datum of 1927 (NAD27) to the more accurate North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83). Until recently, most contemporary maps of Vermont used the NAD27 as the reference datum. This made it the logical option for direct digital conversion and subsequent inclusion in the Vermont GIS database. With the arrival of the new Vermont Digital Orthophotography, expanded GPS activity and new maps from the U.S. Geological Survey being prepared using NAD83, it is increasingly necessary to convert existing NAD27 data to NAD83 to properly incorporate new information. The need of particular data developers or users to convert data depends on the location in the State, and particular mapping requirements. As this paper is released the Vermont counties for which NAD83 digital orthophotos are available are Rutland, Windsor, Franklin, Grand Isle and Addison, plus portions of Washington County. The remainder of Washington and Orange Counties will be available soon, with the remainder of Vermont to be processed in coming years. The remainder of this paper provides more detail on the datum change, suggests new data entry guidelines, details the coordinate and naming convention for Vermont's orthophotos, and provides the procedures for converting Vermont's NAD27 data to NAD83 using software by ESRI (Environmental Systems Research Institute, Redlands, CA). -
Datums in Texas NGS: Welcome to Geodesy
Datums in Texas NGS: Welcome to Geodesy Geodesy is the science of measuring and monitoring the size and shape of the Earth and the location of points on its surface. NOAA's National Geodetic Survey (NGS) is responsible for the development and maintenance of a national geodetic data system that is used for navigation, communication systems, and mapping and charting. ln this subject, you will find three sections devoted to learning about geodesy: an online tutorial, an educational roadmap to resources, and formal lesson plans. The Geodesy Tutorial is an overview of the history, essential elements, and modern methods of geodesy. The tutorial is content rich and easy to understand. lt is made up of 10 chapters or pages (plus a reference page) that can be read in sequence by clicking on the arrows at the top or bottom of each chapter page. The tutorial includes many illustrations and interactive graphics to visually enhance the text. The Roadmap to Resources complements the information in the tutorial. The roadmap directs you to specific geodetic data offered by NOS and NOAA. The Lesson Plans integrate information presented in the tutorial with data offerings from the roadmap. These lesson plans have been developed for students in grades 9-12 and focus on the importance of geodesy and its practical application, including what a datum is, how a datum of reference points may be used to describe a location, and how geodesy is used to measure movement in the Earth's crust from seismic activity. Members of a 1922 geodetic suruey expedition. Until recent advances in satellite technology, namely the creation of the Global Positioning Sysfem (GPS), geodetic surveying was an arduous fask besf suited to individuals with strong constitutions, and a sense of adventure. -
World Geodetic System 1984
World Geodetic System 1984 Responsible Organization: National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency Abbreviated Frame Name: WGS 84 Associated TRS: WGS 84 Coverage of Frame: Global Type of Frame: 3-Dimensional Last Version: WGS 84 (G1674) Reference Epoch: 2005.0 Brief Description: WGS 84 is an Earth-centered, Earth-fixed terrestrial reference system and geodetic datum. WGS 84 is based on a consistent set of constants and model parameters that describe the Earth's size, shape, and gravity and geomagnetic fields. WGS 84 is the standard U.S. Department of Defense definition of a global reference system for geospatial information and is the reference system for the Global Positioning System (GPS). It is compatible with the International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS). Definition of Frame • Origin: Earth’s center of mass being defined for the whole Earth including oceans and atmosphere • Axes: o Z-Axis = The direction of the IERS Reference Pole (IRP). This direction corresponds to the direction of the BIH Conventional Terrestrial Pole (CTP) (epoch 1984.0) with an uncertainty of 0.005″ o X-Axis = Intersection of the IERS Reference Meridian (IRM) and the plane passing through the origin and normal to the Z-axis. The IRM is coincident with the BIH Zero Meridian (epoch 1984.0) with an uncertainty of 0.005″ o Y-Axis = Completes a right-handed, Earth-Centered Earth-Fixed (ECEF) orthogonal coordinate system • Scale: Its scale is that of the local Earth frame, in the meaning of a relativistic theory of gravitation. Aligns with ITRS • Orientation: Given by the Bureau International de l’Heure (BIH) orientation of 1984.0 • Time Evolution: Its time evolution in orientation will create no residual global rotation with regards to the crust Coordinate System: Cartesian Coordinates (X, Y, Z). -
Geodetic Control
FGDC-STD-014.4-2008 Geographic Information Framework Data Content Standard Part 4: Geodetic Control May 2008 Federal Geographic Data Committee Established by Office of Management and Budget Circular A-16, the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) promotes the coordinated development, use, sharing, and dissemination of geographic data. The FGDC is composed of representatives from the Departments of Agriculture, Commerce, Defense, Education, Energy, Health and Human Services, Homeland Security, Housing and Urban Development, the Interior, Justice, Labor, State, and Transportation, the Treasury, and Veteran Affairs; the Environmental Protection Agency; the Federal Communications Commission; the General Services Administration; the Library of Congress; the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; the National Archives and Records Administration; the National Science Foundation; the Nuclear Regulatory Commission; the Office of Personnel Management; the Small Business Administration; the Smithsonian Institution; the Social Security Administration; the Tennessee Valley Authority; and the U.S. Agency for International Development. Additional Federal agencies participate on FGDC subcommittees and working groups. The Department of the Interior chairs the committee. FGDC subcommittees work on issues related to data categories coordinated under the circular. Subcommittees establish and implement standards for data content, quality, and transfer; encourage the exchange of information and the transfer of data; and organize the collection of -
Societies Compendium a Compilation of Guidebook References and Cruising Reports
The Societies Compendium A Compilation of Guidebook References and Cruising Reports Rev 2021.4 – 29 August 2021 Please send us updates to this guide! Keep the Societies Compendium alive by being a contributor. We are especially looking for information on places where we have no cruiser information, or new information on existing content. It’s easy to participate and will help many other cruisers for years to come. Email Soggy Paws at sherry –at- svsoggypaws –dot- com. You can also contact us on Sailmail at WDI5677 The current home (and the most up to date) version of this document is http://svsoggypaws.com/files/#frpoly If you found this Compendium posted elsewhere, it might not be the most current version. Please check the above site for the most up to date copy, and remember…it will always be free! Page 1 Revision Log Many thanks to all who have contributed over the years!! Rev Date Notes Info on anchoring cautions and restrictions in Raiatea from 2021.4 29 August 2021 Jaraman. A few updates on Moorea from Sugar Shack and Major Tom. 2021.3 23 July 2021 “Seniors” discount on Air Tahiti Updates on Raiatea from Trance. Updates from Ari B, and Grace of 2021.2 15 April 2021 Longstone 2021.1 04 January 2020 Updates from Chugach on Mopelia 2020.4 16 December 2020 Updates from Sugar Shack on Mo’orea 2020.3 08 November 2020 Updates from Uproar on Mopelia 2020.2 07 November 2020 Updates from Sugar Shack, Maple, and Baloo 2020.1 22 February 2020 Reorganization of compendium and updates from Sugar Shack 2019.3 28-July 2019 Updates from Sugar Shack and Cool Change Many updates from Moon Rebel, Bora Bora mooring update from 2019.2 06 June 2019 Nehenehe and Nor’Easter. -
Herman Miller Materialuebersicht Sayl
Unity/Nexus Camira Composition: Polyester 100% Application: Width 170cm +/- 2% Usable Weight: 300g/m² +/- 5% (530g/linear metre +/- 5%) price Band 2 Standards: BS 2543: 1995/2004 Flammability: BS 476 part 7 class 1, Light Fastness: 5 (ISO 105-B02: 1999) Fastness to Rubbing: Wet: 4 Dry: 4 (ISO 105 – X12:2002) Colour Matching: Batch to batch variations in shade may occur within commercial tolerances. Maintenance: Vacuum regularly. Wipe clean with a damp cloth. 293 Unity/Nexus Pewter UNY01 Olive UNY09 Berry UNY04 Pacific UNY03 ID01 ID09 ID04 ID03 Sky UNY06 Storm UNY07 Chalk UNY12 Graphite UNY11 ID06 ID07 ID12 ID11 Petrol UNY10 Limestone UNY02 ID10 ID02 Kiwi UNY05 Denim UNY08 Russian UNY16 Oceanic UNY15 Black UNY13 ID05 ID08 ID16 ID15 ID13 295 Phoenix Camira Composition: polyester 100% Application: Width: 140cm +/- 2% Usable Weight: 285g/m² +/- 5% (400g/linear metre +/- 5%) Price Band 0 Standards: Abrasion Resistance: 100,000 Martindale cycles Flammability: BS EN 1021-1:2006, BS EN 1021-2:2006, BS EN 7176 :2007 Light Fastness: 6 (ISO 105-B02: 1999) Fastness to Rubbing: Wet: 4 Dry: 4 (ISO 105 – X12:2002) Colour Matching: Batch to batch variations in shade may occur within commercial tolerances. Maintenance: Vacuum regularly. Wipe clean with a damp cloth. 211 Phoenix Havana YP009 Sombrero YP046 Rainforest YP114 Windjammer YP047 7o009 7O046 7O114 7O047 Paseo YP019 Blizzard YP081 Campeche YP112 Arawak YP016 7O019 7O081 7O112 7O016 Nougat YP111 Sandstorm YP107 Costa YP026 7O111 7O107 7O026 Montserrat YP011 Taboo YP045 Apple YP108 Ocean YP100 7O011