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THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. EDITED BY THE ASSISTANT-SECEETARY 0Y THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. VOLUME THE SIXTH. 1850. PART THE FIRST. PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. LONDON : LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, AND LONGMANS. PARIS :--FRIED. KLINCKSIECK, 11 RUE DE LILLE; BAUDRY, 9 RUE DU COQ~ PRES LE LOUVRE ; LEIPZIG, T. O. WEIGEL. NEW YORK :--WILEY AND PUTNAM, 161 BROADWAY. SOr'.D ALSO AT THE APARTMENTS OF THE SOCIETY. MDCCCL. OF THE OFFICERS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. ELECTED FEBRUARY 1850. ~rr162 Sir Charles Lye11, F.R.S. & L.S. ~ic~--Drc~t~mt~. Sir Henry T. De la Beche, F.R.S. & L.S. Prof. E. Forbes, F.R.S. & L.S. D. Sharpe, Esq. F.L.S. Sir R. I. Murchison, G.C.St.S.F.R.8. & L.S. bteretarfr William John Hamilton, Esq. John Carrick Moore, Esq. M.A. C. J. F. Bunbury, Esq. F.L.S. ~rea~urtr. John Lewis Prevost, Esq. Rev. P. B. Brodie, M.A. G. A. ManteU, LL.D.F.R.S. & L.S. Charles Darwin, Esq. M.A.F.R.S. The Right Rev. the- Bishop of Oxford, Sir P. Grey Egerton, Bart. M.P.F.R.S. F.R.S. Earl of Enniskillen, D.C.L.F.R.S. Lyon Playfair, M.D. G. B. Greenough, Esq. F.R.S. & L.S. Samuel Peace Pratt, Esq. F.R.S. & L.S. William Hopkins, Esq. M.A.F.R.S. Prof. A. C. Ramsay. Leonard Horncr, Esq. F.R.S.L. & E. S. V. Wood, Esq. L. L. B. Ibbetson, Esq. ~i~tant~cretar~, Curator, an~ ~/brarian. T. Rupert Jones, Esq. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page AUSTEN, R. A. C., Esq. On the Valley of the English Channel .... 69 On the Age and Position of the Fossiliferous Sands and Gra- vels of Farringdon ........................................ 454 BINNEY, E. W., Esq. Remarks on Sigillaria and some Spores found imbedded in the inside of its Roots .......................... 17 BRODIE, Rev. P.B. On certain Beds in the Inferior Oolite, near Cheltenham .............................................. 239 BROWN, R., Esq. Section of the Lower Coal-Measures of the Sydney Coal-Field, in the Island of Cape Breton ...................... 115 BUCKMAN, Prof. J. On some Fossil Plants from the Lower Lias .. 413 CARPENTER, W. B,, Dr. On the Microscopic Structure of Nummu- lina, Orbitolites, and Orbitoides .......................... 21 CLE~HORN, J., Esq. On the Till near Wick, in Caithness ........ 385 CUMMING, Rev. J.G. On the Tertiaries of the Moray Firth ...... 10 CUNNINGTON, W., Esq. On a Section of the Lower Greensand at Seend, near Devizes ...................................... 453 DARWIN, C., Esq. On British Fossil Lepadid• ................ 439 DAvis, J. E., Esq. On the Age and Position of the Limestone of Nash, near Presteign, South Wales .......................... 432 DAWSON, J. W., Esq. On the Metamorphic and Metalliferous Rocks of Eastern Nova Scotia .................................... 347 DE LA CONDAMINE, Rev. H.M. On the Tertiary Strata and their Dislocations in the ncighbourhood of Blackheath .............. 440 DE ZI6NO, Cx)unt A. On the Stratified Formations of the Venetian Alps .................................................... 422 EOERTON, Sir Philip Grey. Palichthyologic Notes. No. 3.--On the Ganoidei Heterocerci .................................. 1 EZQUERRA DEL BAYO, Don J. On the Geology of Spain ........ 406 FLETCHER, T. W., Esq. On Dudley Trilobites, Part 1 ........... 235 On Dudley Trilobites, Part 2 ........................... 402 FORBES, Prof. E. Note on Fossiliferous Deposits in the Middle Island of New Zealand .................................... 343 HAMILTON, J. W., Esq. On the Occurrence of a Freshwater Bed of Marl in the Fens of Cambridgeshire .......................... 451 HARKNESS, R., Esq. On the New Red Sandstone of the Southern Portion of the Vale of the N,ith ............................. 389 HOPKINS, Evan, Esq. On the Structure of the Crystalline Rocks of the Andes, and their Cleavage Planes ........................ 364 HORNER, L., Esq. On the Discovery, by Prof. Lepsius,.. of Sculp- tured Marks on Rocks in the Nile Valley in Nubia, mdmating that within the Historical Period the River flowed at a Higher Level than in Modern Times .................................... 384 iv TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page LYCETT, J., Esq., and J. MORRIS, Esq. On Pachyrisma, a fossil genus of Lamellibranchiate Conchifera ...................... 399 LVELL, Sir Charles, President Anniversary Address in February 1850 .................................................. xxvii On Craters of Denudation, with Observations on the Structure and Growth of Volcanic Cones .............................. 207 MANTELL, Gideon A., Esq. On the Remains of the Dinornis and other Birds, and the Fossils and Rock-Specimens recently collected by Mr. W. Mantell in the Middle Island of New Zealand ........ 319 MANTELL, R. N., Esq. On the Strata and Organic Remains exposed in the Cuttings of the Branch Railway from the Great Westeru Line near Chippenham, through Trowbridge, to Westbury in Wiltshire.. 310 MOORE, J. C., Esq. On some Tertiary Beds in the Island of San Domingo ................................................ 39 -. Notice of the Occurrence of Marine Shells in the Till ...... 388 MORRIS, J., Esq., and J. LYCETT, Esq. On the Occurrence of Mammalian Remains at Brentford .......................... 201 m~. On Pachyrisma, a fossil genus of Lamellibranchiate Conchifera 399 MURCHISON, Sir R.I. On the Distribution of the Su~erflcial Detri- tus of the Alps, as compared with that of Northern Europe ...... 65 . On the Earlier Volcanic Rocks of the Papal States and the adjacent parts of Italy .................................... 281 On the Vents of Hot Vapour in Tuscany, and their Relations to Ancient Lines of Fracture and Eruption .................... :?,67 NICOL, Prof. J. On the Silurian Strata of the South-East of Scotland 53 - . Notice of the Occurrence of Coal near Erzeroom .......... 367 PRESTWICH, Joseph, Jun., Esq. On the Structure of the Strata be- tween the London Clay and the Chalk in the London and Hamp- shire Tertiary Systems .................................... 052 RUXTON, Lieut. G.F. On the Volcanic Rocks of Northern Mexico 251 SHARPE, D., EsT. Remarks on the genus Nerincea, with an Account of the species round in Portugal ............................ 101 On the Secondary District of Portugal which lies on the North of the Ta~o~s ............................................ 135 SISMONDA, Prof. E. On the Discovery of a nearly perfect Skeleton of the Mastodon angustidens near Asti in Piedmont ............ 252 SMITH, J., Es~., of Jordan Hill. Note on the Shells found in the Till by Mr. wleghorn ...................................... 386 ----. On the Occurrence of Marine Shells in the Stratified Beds below the Till ............................................ 386 STEVENSON, W., Esq. On a Gap in the Greywacke Formation of the Eastern Lammermnirs filled by Old Red Sandstone Conglomerate 418 STOWE, W., Esq. On a Cutting in the Railway near Buckingham.. 134 STRICKLXND, H. E., Esq. Notes on a Section of Leckhampton Hill 249 TYLOR, A., Esq. On the Occurrence of Productive Iron-Ore in the Eocene Formation of Hampshire ............................ 133 WESTON, C. H., Esq. On the Diluvia and Valleys in the Vicinity of Bath .................................................... 449 LIST OF THE FOSSILS FIGURED AND DESCRIBED IN THIS VOLUME. [In this list, those fossils, the names of which are printed in Roman type, have been previously described.] Name of Species. Formation. I Locality. I Page. PLANT2E. (9.) Cupressus ? latlfolia. Woodcut, f. 5. Lower Lias ... Gloucestershire ... 415 Erica ? Woodcut, f. 9 ................ Lower Lias ... Gloucestershire ... 417 Efuisetum Brodiei. Woodcut, f. 1... Lower Lias ... Gloucestershire ... 414 Naiadita lanceolata. Woodcut, f. 2. Lower Lias ... Gloucestershire ... 415 oMusa. Woodcut, f. 3 ......... Lower Lias ... Gloucestershire ... 415 petiolata. Woodcut, f. 4 ...... Lower Lias ... Gloucestershire ... 415 Sigillaria, crucial sutures at base of. Coal-measures. Yorkshire ......... 19 Woodcuts, f. 5-8. , spores found in root of. Wood. Coal-measures, Wigan ........... 20 cut, f. 4. .... , vascular axes of. Woodcut Coal-measures. Wigan& Ashton 19 f. 1-3. under-Lyne. Umbellifer ? Woodcut, f. 8 ........ Lower Lias ... Gloucestershire ... 417 Zamites gramineus. P1. xxvi. f. 7 .... Jurassic ...... Portugal ......... 199 DIAVOMAC~.~. (6.) Pinnularia. P1. xxix. f. 8 ............ I Tertiary Newew Zealand !!!ill12 332 Pyxidicula. P1. xxix. f. 10 ............ ] Tertiary New Zealand 332 Polycystina. Pl. xxix. f. 11 ......... / Tertiary New Zealand 332 Stauroneis Zealandica. P1. xxlx.f.4, 5. l Tertiary New Zealand 332 8urrirella. P1. xxix. f. 6, 7 ......... ] Tertiary New Zealand 332 FO~AmNIrE~A. (15.) Marginopora (Orbitolite,), structure Recent ......... Australia ......... 31 of. PI. vii. f. 24-29. Nummulina, supposed animal of. P1 ............................................ 27 iii. f. 5. -- complanata, structure of. P1. iv. Tertiary ...... France ............ 25 f. 12. PI. vi. f. 17. l~evigata, structure of. P1. iii. Tertiary ...... Bracklesham ...... 22 f. 1-4. Pl. iv.f. 6-8. PI. v. f. 15,16. ... obtusa, structure of. P1. iv. f. 11. Tertiary ...... Cutch ............... 37 Orbitoides, structure of. P1. iv. f. 9. Tertiary ...... Scinde ............ 35 P1. v. f. 13, 14. , structure of. P1. iv. f. 10 ...... Tertiary ...... India ? ............ 36 L , structure of. P1. vi. f. 18 ...... Tertiary ...... India ? ............ 34 L , structure of. P1. vi. f. 19 ...... Tertiary ...... Scinde ............ 35 .... , structure of. P1. vi. f. 22 ...... Tertiary ...... Biaritz ............ 34 Mantelli, structure of. P1. vi. Tertiary ...... Alabama ...........
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    DESCRIPTION OF THE NIAGARA QUADRANGLE. By E. M. Kindle and F. B. Taylor.a INTRODUCTION. different altitudes, but as a whole it is distinctly higher than by broad valleys opening northwestward. Across northwestern GENERAL RELATIONS. the surrounding areas and is in general bounded by well-marked Pennsylvania and southwestern New York it is abrupt and escarpments. i nearly straight and its crest is about 1000 feet higher than, and The Niagara quadrangle lies between parallels 43° and 43° In the region of the lower Great Lakes the Glaciated Plains 4 or 5 miles back from the narrow plain bordering Lake Erie. 30' and meridians 78° 30' and 79° and includes the Wilson, province is divided into the Erie, Huron, and Ontario plains From Cattaraugus Creek eastward the scarp is rather less Olcott, Tonawanda, and Lockport 15-minute quadrangles. It and the Laurentian Plateau. (See fig. 2.) The Erie plain abrupt, though higher, and is broken by deep, narrow valleys thus covers one-fourth of a square degree of the earth's sur­ extending well back into the plateau, so that it appears as a line face, an area, in that latitude, of 870.9 square miles, of which of northward-facing steep-sided promontories jutting out into approximately the northern third, or about 293 square miles, the Erie plain. East of Auburn it merges into the Onondaga lies in Lake Ontario. The map of the Niagara quadrangle shows escarpment. also along its west side a strip from 3 to 6 miles wide comprising The Erie plain extends along the base of the Portage escarp­ Niagara River and a small area in Canada.
  • The Upper Ordovician Glaciation in Sw Libya – a Subsurface Perspective

    The Upper Ordovician Glaciation in Sw Libya – a Subsurface Perspective

    J.C. Gutiérrez-Marco, I. Rábano and D. García-Bellido (eds.), Ordovician of the World. Cuadernos del Museo Geominero, 14. Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Madrid. ISBN 978-84-7840-857-3 © Instituto Geológico y Minero de España 2011 ICE IN THE SAHARA: THE UPPER ORDOVICIAN GLACIATION IN SW LIBYA – A SUBSURFACE PERSPECTIVE N.D. McDougall1 and R. Gruenwald2 1 Repsol Exploración, Paseo de la Castellana 280, 28046 Madrid, Spain. [email protected] 2 REMSA, Dhat El-Imad Complex, Tower 3, Floor 9, Tripoli, Libya. Keywords: Ordovician, Libya, glaciation, Mamuniyat, Melaz Shugran, Hirnantian. INTRODUCTION An Upper Ordovician glacial episode is widely recognized as a significant event in the geological history of the Lower Paleozoic. This is especially so in the case of the Saharan Platform where Upper Ordovician sediments are well developed and represent a major target for hydrocarbon exploration. This paper is a brief summary of the results of fieldwork, in outcrops across SW Libya, together with the analysis of cores, hundreds of well logs (including many high quality image logs) and seismic lines focused on the uppermost Ordovician of the Murzuq Basin. STRATIGRAPHIC FRAMEWORK The uppermost Ordovician section is the youngest of three major sequences recognized widely across the entire Saharan Platform: Sequence CO1: Unconformably overlies the Precambrian or Infracambrian basement. It comprises the possible Upper Cambrian to Lowermost Ordovician Hassaouna Formation. Sequence CO2: Truncates CO1 along a low angle, Type II unconformity. It comprises the laterally extensive and distinctive Lower Ordovician (Tremadocian-Floian?) Achebayat Formation overlain, along a probable transgressive surface of erosion, by interbedded burrowed sandstones, cross-bedded channel-fill sandstones and mudstones of Middle Ordovician age (Dapingian-Sandbian), known as the Hawaz Formation, and interpreted as shallow-marine sediments deposited within a megaestuary or gulf.