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Department of the Interior United States Geological Survey Bulletin No, 244 Series 0, Systematic Geology and Paleontology, 69 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CHARLES J). WALCOTT, DIRECTOR 19 OS HENRY SHALER "WILLIAMS AND EDWARD. M. KINDLE WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1905 CONTENTS. Page. Letter of transtnittal ..................................................... 7 Fart I. Fossil faunas of the Devonian andM-ississippinn (" Lower Carbonifer­ ous") of Virginia, West Virginia, and Kentucky ........................ 9 Part II. Fossil faunas of Devonian sections in central and northern Penn­ sylvania ............................................................... General index .............:.............................................. Index to paleontologic names ............................................. 139 3 ILLUSTRATIONS. ^ / Page. PLATE I. Sections in Indiana and Kentucky near Louisville.............'.... 16 .1.1. Sections in Virginia and West Virginia.fl........................ 28 III. A, Lowest limestone oi Franklindale beds, part oi Gulf Brook sec­ tion, Pennsylvania; B, Oswayo (Pocono) formation, zone 12 of South Mountain section, Pennsylvania......................... 96 IV. Sections in Bradford and Tioga counties, Pa...................... 130 Fu;. 1. Section on Brooks Run, Bullitt County, Ky.......................... 20 2. Section south of Huber, Ky ....................................... 21 ll Sections in Virginia and West Virginia . f'........................... 43 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, UNITBD STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, Washington, D. C., Mwj 31, 1904. SIR: 1 have the honor to transmit herewith the manuscript of a report entitled "Contributions to Devonian Paleontology, 1903," by Henry Shaler Williams and Edward M. Kindle, and to recommend its publication as a bulletin. The report consists of two parts: I. Fossil faunas of the Devonian and Mississippian ("Lower Carboniferous") of Virginia, West Virginia, and Kentucky. II. Fossil faunas of the Devonian sections of central and northern .Pennsj^lvania. Very respectfully, C. W. HAYES, Geologist in Charge of Geology. - Hon. CHARLES D. WALCOTT, . Director United States Geological Survey. CONTRIBUTIONS TO DEVONIAN PALEONTOLOGY, 1903. PART I. FOSSIL FAUNAS OF THE DEVONIAN AND MISSISSIPPIAN ("LOWER CARBONIFEROUS") OF VIRGINIA, WEST VIRGINIA, AND KENTUCKY, HENRY SHALER WILLIAMS and EDWARD M. KINDLE. CONTENTS OF PART I. Page., Introduction, by H. S. Williams.........'.................................. 15 Kentucky sections, by E. M. Kindle.......:............................... 16 .Bear Grass Creek quarries, near Louisvill e..........;.................. 10 Ohio Falls and Edwardville sections ................................... 17 Brooks, Bullitt County :.........'..................................... 20 I-Iuber, BullittCounty................................................ 21. Clermont, Bullitt County ............................................... 22 New Haven, Nelson County .......................................... 28 Riley, Marion County ................................................ 24 Parksyille, Boyle County .............................................. 25 Junction City, Boyle County.......................................... 26 Crab Orchard, Lincoln County ........................................ 26 Sections in 'Virginia and West Virginia, by E. M. Kindle ................... 27 Bigstone Gap, Wise County, Va. .................. 1................... 27 Big Moccasin Gap, Va ................................................ 29 Bland County, Va.................................................... 31. White Sulphur Springs, W. Va......................................... 33 Caldvvell, Greenbrier County, W. Va.................................. 38 Covingtqn, 'Alleghany County, Va.................. .................. 39 Hot Springs, Bath County, Va .......................... ^.......;...:. 41 Clifton Forge, Alleghany County, Va.................. 1............... 42 Comments on sections, by H. S. Williams.................................. 44 Correlations, by H. S. Williams ... 1....................................... 45 The Rensselreria fauna, by H. S. Williams ................................. 40 The black shale and its fauna, by H. S. Williams ......................... 49 The Buchiola speciosa fauna, by H. S. Williams............................ 51 The faunules, their range and environment, by H. S. Williains.............. 52 The Upper Devonian faunas of the middle Appalachians, by II. S. Williams . 55 Discussion of the chart ............................................... 55 List of diagnostic Chemung species, by H. S. Williams...................... 57 ILLUSTRATIONS IN PART I. PLATE I. Sections in Indiana and Kentucky near Louisville ................ 16 II. Sections in Virginia and West Virginia ........................... 28 FIG. 1. Section on Brooks Run, Bullitt County, Ky ...................... 20 2. Section south of Huber, Ky..................................... 21 3. Sections in Virginia and West Virginia .:..................... 1.. 43 13 CONTRIBUTIONS TO DEVONIAN PALEONTOLOGY, 1903. PART L-FOSSIL FAUNAS OF IW.DEVONIAN AND MISSISSIPPI ANC'LOWER CARBONIFEROUS") OF VIRGINIA, WEST VIRGINIA, AND KENTUCKY, By PI. S. WILLIAMS arid E. M. KINDLE. INTRODUCTION, By H. .S. WILLIAMS. The investigations herein reported were begun for the purpose of ascertaining the nature of the changes in sedimentation, in fossils, and in sequence of faunas southward along the Devonian formations in the southern Appalachians. Collections were made by the senior author in southern Virginia and eastern Kentucky in 1895, and the results of the preliminary study of the fossils were reported in a paper read before the Geological Society of America in December, 1896." In southern Virginia (at Bigstone Gap) the Devonian is represented by a continuous black shale, which probably runs upward beyond the stratigraphic horizon at which Carboniferous faunas appear in other regions. In east-central Kentucky the black shale, supposed to be in large part Devonian, continues upward bej^ond the horizon at which the earliest Carboniferous faunas appear. In neither the Bigstone Gap nor the Irvine (Ky.) sections was any trace of the Chemung fauna of New York seen. At several places, at the base of the black shales, the latest fauna appears to be no younger than Oriskany, and suggested that either there was an unconformity at the base or a black shale sedimentation continued during post-Oriskany Devonian time. Evidence of the unconformity at the base of the black shale is fur­ nished by the sections at Brooks station, 15 miles south of Louisville, and at Huber, Bullitt County, Ky. * In order to demonstrate the conditions intermediate between those represented by the typical northern sections and by the sections in the southern Appalachians, Dr. E. M. Kindle in 1898 made a special «On the southern Devonian formations: Am. Jour. Sci., 4th ser., vol. 3, 1897, pp. 395-405. 15 16 CONTRIBUTIONS TO DEVONIAN PALEONTOLOGY. [BULL.244. examination of the Devonian sections in Kentucky, West Virginia, and Virginia. Additional collections were thus obtained, and later all the material was studied together and the faunules listed and com­ pared. The original identifications in the following paper were made 'by Doctor Kindle. They have been reviewed })y the senior author, who is responsible for the discussions which follow the statistics. KENTUCKY SECTIONS. By E. M. KINDLE. The Kentucky sections examined furnished faunules from the fol­ lowing localities: Sections examined in 'Kentucky. 1355 A. Bear Grass Creek quarries near Louisville, Ky. 1357 A. Jeffersonville, Clark County, Ind. B. Jeffergonville, Indiana side, near Government jetty. C. South end of Pittsburg, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis Kail way bridge, Louisville, Ky. 1305 A. Brooks, Bullitt County, Ky. B. Button Mold Knob, three-fourths of a mile northeast of Brooks. C. One mile west of Brooks station. 1367 A. Railroad cut, one-fourth of a mile south of Huber, Bullitt County, Ky. 1368 A. Quarry at Clermont, Bullitt County, Ky. B. Ravine about one-fourth of a mile southeast of quarry, Clermont, Ky. C. Section at Deerlick Knob, Bullitt County. 1371 A. \\rest of town of New Haven, Nelson County, Ky., on bank of Rolling Fork. B. About 5 miles south of New Haven along the pike at Muldrows Hill. 1372 A. Northwest of Riley station, Marion County, Ky. B. South of Riley station. 1373 A. About three-fourths of a mile west of Parksville, Boyle County, Ky. B. An old quarry in the "Knobstone" sandstone, 1£ miles west of Parksville. 1374 A. Lone Knob, near Junction City, Boyle County, Ky. 1375 A. Crab Orchard, Lincoln County, Ky. BEAR GRASS CREEK QUARRIES, NEAR LOUISVILLE, KY. Just east of Louisville the Niagara limestone is extensively quarried along the banks of Bear Grass Creek. The tops of the hills in the vicinity of the quarries are usually capped with from 10 to 15 feet of Devonian limestone. The following section is exposed at the quarry south of the institution for the blind: Section 1355 A , on Bear Grass Creek', Kentucky. Feet;. 2. White to light gray limestone (Devonian).................................. 10 1. Light bluish-gray arenaceous limestone (Niagara)........................... 35 In the Niagara beds (1) corals are common, but other fossils are scarce and difficult to obtain. The following species were collected from the lower part of the section: U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 244 PL. I Generali zed section from Malls jf the Ohio to EdwardsviHe 1357
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