ROTAROASSTM2SYSTEM 29

Rota System. POST-GRADUATE teaching in has always presented difficulties. These difficulties have largely consisted in the multiplicity of hospitals, and also in the distances that have to be traversed in order to reach the various institutions. Up to comparatively recently, practically all the teaching has been connected with the large undergraduate Schools. For various reasons (which need not be entered into now) post-graduate teaching at these institutions has always been somewhat unsatisfactory, as at them, obviously, preference must be given to the undergraduates. Yet, at manv of the smaller hospitals, there is a vast amount of material, both medical and surgical, which would be extremely valuable for the purpose of post-graduate teaching. For some years the Fellowship of Medicine has been trying to utilize this material by holding periodical special courses at the outlying hospitals, and by issuing special tickets for these hospitals. While some of the special courses have been satisfactorily attended, it has been found that the methods hitherto adopted have not, on the whole, been altogether satisfactory. Experience has shown that, apart from the special courses, post-graduates have not made use of the general work of the hlospitals to which their membership of the Fellowship has entitled them. There have been various reasons for this that need not now be entered into. The Fellowship of Medicine is now attempting by a series of individual efforts to make the vast material of London available for post-graduates. A rota of such consultants on the staffs of the various hospitals who are willing to give facilities for post-graduate teaching is being formed. Each consultant will specify days in the year on which he is prepared to take a certain number of post graduates to his hospital and devote that visit to teaching in the wards, out-patient departments or in the operating theatre. The number of post-graduates attending each particular clinic will be limited at the discretion of the consultant concerned, so that it is hoped that individual tuition will be given to those post-graduates attending each clinic. It is hoped that means of transport to the hospital from some position in the West'End will be able to be arranged. In this way post-graduates will feel that their teachers are taking a personal interest in them, and only such teachers as are willing to undertake the work on these lines will be enrolled on the rota. It is also hoped to co-operate with some of the London County Council hospitals by holding special periodical special demonstrations, and also by appointing a limited number of clinical assistants attached to the institution for a short period. At these hospitals there is a really vast amount of material, and most excellent work is being done, much of it-indeed nearly all of it-neglected at the moment for teaching purposes. These arrangements will naturally take some little time to organize, and the expenses of so doing will not be inconsiderable. The one aim and object of the Fellowship of Medicine is to try and co-ordinate the enormous resources of material at present in London for post-graduate advancement. 30 SPECIAL COURSES

Special Courses. THE first evening course for the F.R.C.S. (Final) Examination was organized a year ago. It was intended, should it prove successftul, to hold one coturse twice a year prior to each examination. The Fellowship originally planned to provide F.R.C.S. the candidates with an opportunity of studying an interesting group of (Final) cases especially suitable for the examination; of enjoying a certain Course. amount of "ragging" calculated to stimulate a mind clogged with book work. It was hoped also that these courses would meet the require- ments of those doctors, both men and women, who could not, for various reasons, attend the Hospital classes held during the daytime, but who would thus have a chance of familiarizing themselves with the general standard required by the College. It was found necessary to enlarge the original programme. Two courses are now held in the Spring and the Autumn. Last October a third Class was added to mneet the demand. The Fellowship feels that it has supplied valuable help to candidates for the examination, and in particular that it has been of assistance to those who were unable to take advantage of other classes. The next evening Courses will take place on Tuesdays, April 5 to May io, and on Thursdays, April 7 to May I2. It is advisable to register early, as already the demand has been very great, and the number of candidates enrolled for each Course will in no circumstances be allowed to exceed twenty-five. It may be mentioned that each course is quite separate, open to men and women, and that candidates may attend either or both if they so desire. The Fellowship of Medicine offers its very grateful thanks to the teachers taking part in these classes, for their kind and earnest co-operation, and congratulates them on the interesting choice of cases which they have demonstrated to the Post-Graduates. WE are pleased to announce that, following the success of the F.R.C.S. evening classes, we are arranging similar work in preparation for the M.R.C.P. examination. The first course will take place as follows: Six clinical demonstrations, M.R.C.P. Mondays and Fridays, February 22 to March ii, and two patho- Evening logical evenings, Monday, March 14, and Friday, March 19, at 8 p.m., Course. in the O.P. Department of the London Temperance Hospital, Halnpstead Road. Four lectures on Wednesdays, February 23, March 2, 9 and I6, at 8.30 p.m. at the Medical Society of London, ii, Chandos Street, Cavendish Square; one ophthalmic demonstration on Thursday, March 3, and one pathological and laboratory demonstration on Thursday, March 17. On the clinical and pathological evenings, five demonstrato-rs will attend, each providing two suitable cases (or specimens). The post-graduates will be divided into groups, and each demonstrator will take each group in turn, allowing the graduates to examine the cases, and then qllestioning them as though it were the examination room. The number of post-graduates attending the clinical and pathological demonstrations will be strictly limited to twenty-five, SPECIAL COURSES 31 but the number attending the Wednesday evening lectures will not be limited, and payment can, if desired, be made at the lecture room. The syllabus is in course of preparation and will be ready early in January, and will give full particulat-s, including the fees which are not yet definitely fixed. AT the request of several of our Members, a course of lectures on Endocrinology is in progress. These are being given by Dr. W. Langdon Brown, at the Medical Society of London, I, Cliandos Street, Cavendislh Square, at 8.30 p.m., on Endo- Mondays and Fridays (January II to 29). Single lectures may be crinology. attended if desired, at a fee of 12S. 6d., payable at the Lecture Room. Owing to the immense strides which ol-gano-therapy has made of late years and the rather complicated subject with which it deals, we think that these lectures will appeal to a great number of men aind women. AT a later date, evening courses will be organized in Ophthalmology, Dermatology, Electro-therapy and Infant Welfare. In the Ophthalmology classes, the cases presented will be not so much for the ophthalmologist as to meet the requirements Later of general practitioners and partictularly to put before them the treatment Courses. of minor conditions. We hope to ari-ange the Dermatology classes to take place ini one of the skin hospitals, where series of delonstrationss and lectures will be given by leading dermatologists. THE Electrotherapy classes will deal with the modern extension of the uses of light and radiant heat treatment. General practitioners in particular will appreciate the demonstrations of the apparatus in use and its value in treatment. ElectrPo We hope to obtain the co-opel-ation of some of the leading firms of manufacturers so that the management of the various classes of apparatus can be expertly demonstrated. Tie Infant Welfare Clinics will fill, we think, a long-felt want, as from the success crowning ally previous efforts it is obvious that this work is required and needs placing on a well-organized footing. 32 GENERAL POST-GRADUATE NEWS .

General Post-Graduate News. LIST OF SPECIAL COURSES FOR I932. EARLY applicationI should be made for all Courses, to ensure admission or to avoid cancellation of the Course. A detailed syllabus of each Course is obtainable about one month before the Course begins. Specimen syllabuses of previous Courses can be obtained at any time on application. For further particulars regarding the Special Courses, and for information regarding Post-Graduate Medical Study, application should be made to: The Secretary, The Fellowship of Medicine, i, Wimpole Street, London, W.I. Endocrinology: January ii to 29.-Medical Society, 8.30 p.m. Mondays and Fridays. Fee £'3 3s., or I2S. 6d. per Lecture. Dermatology : January 25 to February 20.-St. John's Hospital. Every afternoon. Fee £fI is. (Practical Pathology arranged. Fee £4 4S.) Gynaecology: February I to I3.-Chelsea Hospitalfor Women. Mornings and/or after- noons. Fee £5 5s. Ante-Natal Treatment : February 5 to 26.-Royal Free Hospital. Fridays, 5 p.m. Fee ;I IS. Diseases of the Chest : February 8 to I3.-Brompton Hospital. All day. Fee $3 3s. Medicine, Surgery and the Specialities: February 15 to 27.-Prince of Wales General Hospital Group. All day. Fee /5 5s. Clinical Surgery (Week-end Course): February 20, 2I and 27, 28.-Royal Albert Dock Hospital. Saturday and Sunday, for two week-ends. All day (24 demonstrations). Fee £5 5s. M.R.C.P. Evening Course: February 22 to March i8.-London Temperance Hospital. Clinical and Pathological evenings. Mondays and Fridays. Lectures on Wednesdays at Medical Society, also one ophthalmic and one laboratory demonstration. Fee ;fI2 I2S. (Limited to 25.) Neurology: February 22 to March I9.-West Etd Hospital /or Nervous Diseases. Daily 5 p.m. Fee /2 2S. (Minimum of io.) Psychological Medicine : February 23 to March I8.-Bethlem Royal Hospital. Tuesday and Friday, I a.m. Fee £I Is. Medicine, Surgery and Gynaecology: February 29 to March I9.-Royal Waterloo Hospital. Afternoons and some mornings. Fee C3 3s. DEMONSTRATIONS. The following free demonstrations will be given:- MEDICINE. Monday, January 25, at 2 p.m.-Metropolitan General Hospital, Kingsland Road, Dr. P. Hamill (Ward Cases). Thursday, February 4, at 2.30 p.m.-Prince of WVales's Hospital, , N.I5, Dr. L. R. Yealland. GENERAL POST-GRADUATE NEWS 33 Thursday, February II, from 3 to 4 p.m.-Kintg's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, Dr. Terence East (Cardiology). Tuesday, February i6, at 3 p.m.-East Lonldonl Hospital for Childrein, Shadwell, Dr. Leonard Findlay. Thursday, February 25, at 2.30 p.m.-Blackfriars Skin Hospital, Dr. Willmott Evans. SURGERY. Monday, January I8, at 2.30 p.m.--Bolingbroke Hospital, Common, Mr. Pearce Gould. Tuesday, January 26, at 2.30 p.m.--Royal Waterloo Hospital, Mr. Lyle Cameron. Thursday, February 4, at 2.30 p.m.--London Temperance Hospital, Road, Mr. Herbert J. Paterson. Friday, February 12, at 3 p.m.-St. Paul's Hospital, Mr. A. Mialcolm Simpson (Genito- Urinary). Thursday, February i8, at 2 p.m.--Metropolitan General Hospital, Kingsland Road, Mr. C. Naunton Morgan. Friday, February 26, at 2 p.m.-Chelsea Hospital for Women, Arthur Street, S.W.3, Mr. Frederick Roques (lecture at 2 p.m., operations at 3 p.m.). LECTURES. The following lectures will be given on Wednesday afternoons at 4 p.m. at the Medical Society of London, ii, Chandos Street, Cavendish Square. These lectures ar-e free to Members of the Fellowship; to non-Members the fee for the series is EI Is. or 5s. per lecture payable at the lecture room:- January 20.-Mr. Victor Bonney, " Cancer of the Uterus." January 27.-Dr. B. T. Parsons-Smith, " Heart Disease." February 3.-Major Meurice Sinclair, C.M.G., " Fractures of the Lower Limb" (Lantern Demonstration). February Io.-Dr. Maurice Davidson, " The Treatment and General Management of the Phthisical Patient." Februarly I7.-Mr. P. Lockhart-Mummery, " Diagnosis and Treatment of Divterticulitis" (Lantern Demnonstration). February 26 (Friday).-Dr. R. D. Lawrence, " Some Difficulties in Insulin Treatment in General Practice." St. Mark's Hospital, City Road, E.C. The following lectures will be given on Thursdays at 4.30 p.m. There is no fee for attendance : January 2 i.-Mr. W. B. Gabriel, " The Elucidation of Rectal Symptoms-(3) Prolapse and Swelling." January 28.-Dr. Cuthbert Dukes, "Pathology of Fistula and Fissure." Hospital lor Consunmption, Brompton, S.W.3. The following free lectures will be given at 5 p.m. on Tuesdays:- January 26.-Sir James Dundas-Gratlt, " Tuberculous Laryngitis." February 9.-Dr. R. A. Young, "The Modes of Onset of Pulmonary Tuberculosis." February 23.-Dr. Cecil Wall, " Silent Bronchiectasis." 34 GENERAL POST-GRADUATE NEWS Central Lontdon Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital, Gray's Inii Road, W.C. r. The following free lectures will be given on Fridays at 4 p.m. January 15.--Mr. J. D. McLaggan, " Eczematous Condition of the Ear and Nose." January 22.--Mr. C. Gill-Carey, "Rhinological Aspects of Asthma." January 29.-Mir. F. W. Watkynl-Thomas. February 5.-Mr. Archer Ryland, "(Esophagoscopy." February I2.-Mr. Nicol Rankin, "Differential Diagnosis in a Case Complaining of Nasal Discharge." February i9.-Mr. Harold Kisch, " The Treatment of Cancer of the Throat, Nose and Ear by Radium." February 26.-Mr. N. Asherson, " Complications of Tonsillectomy." Childreil's Heart Hospital, West Wickham, Kent. Dr. Bernard Schlesinger will give a lecture-demonstration on "' Rheumatic Infection and Heart Disease in Children," from IO.30 to I2 noon on Saturday, February 6, at the above Hospital. The fee for the demonstration is 7s. 6d., payable in advance to the Fellowship of Medicine, and intending post-graduates should notify the Fellowship not later than Monday, February I. MEETINGS OF MEDICAL SOCIETIES (AFFILIATED TO FELLOWSHIP OF MEDICINE). I. St John's Hospital Dermatological Society. A Meeting will be held at 4.I5 p.m. on Wednesday, January 27 and Wednesday, February 24. Tea will be served at 4 p.m. 2. The Society of Mlledical Officers of Health. A Meeting of the Society will be held on Friday, January 15, at 5 p.m., when a discussion on "Causes of the Decline in Tuberculosis Mortality," will be opened by Dr. G. Lissanit Cox (Central T.O. Lancs. C.C.) and Dr. E-rnest Ward (T.O. Devonshire); and on Friday, February 19, at 5 p.m., on " Rheumatism in the School Child," opened by Dr. Gerald Slot (Physician i/c Rheumatic Supervisory Centre, L.C.C.), Dr. Francis Bach (Physician, Kensington Rheumatic Centre) and Dr. Vincent Coates, M.C. (Cardiac Specialist, Wilts C.C.). 3. Cardiff Medical Society. The Annual Dinner will be held on February io, and the Annual Address will be given by Mr. R. P. Rowlands, M.S., on "Some Points in the Surgical Treatment of the Gall Bladder and Bile Ducts." 4. Leicester Medical Society. A Clinical Evening will be held at the Royal Infirmary on Wednesday, January 27, at 8.45 p.m. A Meeting will be held at 8.45 p.m. at the Medical Club, East Bond Street, on Wednesday, February io, when Sir Thomas Horder will speak. A Joint Meeting with members of the Leicester Branch of the Pharmaceutical Society will be held on Wednesday, February 24, at 8.45 p.m., at the Medical Club, East Bond Street. The discussion on "Proprietary Remedies " will be opened by Dr. E. Lewis Lilley and Mr. Arthur Young. GENERAL POST-GRADUATE NEWS 35 5. Norwich Medlico-Chirurgical Society. A Meeting will be held on Februat-y 2 at the Norfolk and Norwich Hospital. Dr. Branford Morgan will read a papei- on " Somne CauLses of Malnutrition in Infancy atnd their Treatment." 6. Siiitoit and District Medic(al Society. A Mleeting will be held at the Greyhotlnd Hotel, , at 8.45 p.m. sharp, on IFriday, February 5, wlhen Dr. H. R. D. Spitta, M.V.O., will speak oil " The Treatmelnt of Pneumnonia." 7. Torquay alnd District Medical Society. A Meeting will be held at the Whitecliffe Hospital on February 4, at 4.30 p.m. Tea will be served at 4.0 p.m. Meetings will be held at the Torbay Hospital on January 21, when Dr. B. T. Halliwell will speak on "Pyelography," and on February I8, when Dr. R. D. Lawrence (King's College Hospital) will speak on "Simplicity in the Treatment of Diabetes," at 8.30 p.m. Coffee will be served at 8.I5 p.m. 8. lork MIedical Society. Meetings will be held on Saturday, January i6, at 8.30 p.m. when Mr. Cecil Rowntree will speak on " Cancer and Its Treatment by Radium"; on Saturday, January 30, at 8.30 p.m., when Dr. L. R. Lempriere will speak on " Infections in Schools "; on Saturday, February I3, at 8.30 p.m., when Dr. F. G. Crookshank will speak on " Individual Psychology and General Medicine " ; and on Saturday, February 27, at 8.30 p.m., when Professor J. Fraser will speak on " Infection of the Hand." POST-GRADUATE WORK IN THE PROVINCES. MANCH ESTER. COURSES LEADING TO A DIPLOMA. (i) D.P.M. The Course of study must extend over three University terms. Apply the Dean, Medical School, the University. (2) Pathology. (3) D.P.H., Veterinary State Medicine and Bacteriology. Apply Professor of Bacteriology, Public Health Laboratory, York Place, Oxford Road, Manchester. In addition, certain parts of the Courses for Diplomas may be taken separately. Apply the Deatn, Medical School, University. COURSES LEADING TO A CERTIFICATE. (I) Factory and School Hygiene. Apply Professor of Bacteriology (see above). (2) Venereal Disease. Courses held at the Royal Infirmary, St. Luke's Hospital, Ancoats Hospital, St. Mary's Hospital, Salford Municipal Clinic, for a period of three months (fifteen attendances must be made). Apply the Dean, Medical School, University. I. IWhole-tinle Intensive Course in Obstetrics. St. Mary's Hospital. I. A Post-Graduate Day. At Ancoats Hospital during University terms. Clinical teachitng every Tuesday morning and lecture each Tuesday afternoon. No fee. 36 GENERAT, POST-GRADIJATE NE\TS

III. Pat-t-titlme Cotlrlses. (I) Ophthlalmology. Royal Eye Hospital. (2) Diseases of the Skiin. Skill Hospital. Two weeks at 12 noo1n. (3) Practical Instruction in Local Anasthesi andcl Minior- Operative Slitrgery. Salford Royal Hospital. (4) Practical Clinical Medicine. Salford Royal Hospital. IV. Clinlical Assistanltships. Limited number offered in Medical, Surgical,; nd Special Departmeints of the Royal Illfir-mary, Anicoats Hospital, andcl cei-tain special hospitals for- one, two, thl-cee montlls or longer. V. Radilni Therapy. Clinical assistantships, one day a week for three months, available at Manchester anid District Radiinm Institute. THE UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL. HIGHER DEGREES. (M.D., Ch.AI., Al.H., AM.Ch.Ortlh.) PUBI IC HEALTII. The University grants a Degree in Hygiene (M.H.) andcl a Diploma' (D.P.H.), and every facility is afforded for trainiiig in Sanitary Science and State Medicine. The CurricltuLtm for tlhe Diploma requires a course of study ovei- a period of not less than twelve months, including:- (I) Six Ionths' course of practical instruction in Public Health Administlratiolln. (2) Cour-ses of instruction in the Principles of Public Health, Sanitation, &c., indicated in the special syllabus. (3) lFive months' course of laboratory instruction in Bacteriology and Pai-asitology, including Medical Entomology, and also in Chemistry, Physics, Meteorology and Climatology in relationl to Public Health. (4) Three moiitlhs' course of practical instruction in Infectious Diseases at a recognized hospital. The Diploma may be awarded with distinction. For Ordinanlces antI Regnilationts andttltlelils Icegardilg t/he coutrss ofsti//dy, cllhich ha;'e bceii1reviscd ill coornllo-iity wi/li I/c reqnlireCIIenlts of tile GcLII?elal Afe(lical Colnlicil, atply folr Prospectis, cwhich imay be obtained oit applicatlion to the Registrar, Ultni',rsit', Liverpool. TROPICAL MEDICINE. The University granits a Diploma in Tropical Medicine (D.T.M.), and a Diploma in Tr-opical Hygiene (D.T.H.). Complete cour-ses for these Diplomas are offer-ed in the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine. For Ordliitiiances ald Rcgitlatiolis an1(1 (letails o coltirses of sttndy', aippl, for Pirospctus, which Ilay be obtlitiedl oii application1 to the Registrar, Uniiversity, Li'erpiool. Degree of M.Ch., Orth. A Lecture-Practical class in Bacteriology is held in the Sumiimer Term on Tuesday and Thursday, fr-om io a.m. to I2 noo110011. I The Regulations will be revised inl Session 1931-32. SOME IMPRESSIONS 37

MIEDICAL RADIOLOGY AND ELECTROLOGY. Phlsics. Lectures and demonstrations two lhalf days a week. Two Terms. X-Ray Departmtzenit. Practical instruction in X-Ray work and in Radium Therapy daily in the Royal Infirmary, the Royal Sotuthern Hospital, and the Royal Liverpool Children's Hospital. Two Terms. Course of lectures, at hours to be arranged, by Mr. Holland, Dr. Roberts and Dr. Mather. Two Terms. Electro-7Therapeutic Department. Practical instrLuction in Electro-Therapeutic work in the Royal Ilnfirmary and Royal Southern Hospital. Two Terms. RESEARCH. Opportuniity is given to gr-aduates and other duly qualified persons to obtain practical instruction or to carry out research wor-k in the different laboratories connected with the Medical School. In addition there are certaini departments devoted mainlv to post-graduate and research work, and certain classes intended especially for graduates which may be suitably described under a common heading. OPERATIVE SURGERY. A course of instruction in this subject is given by Mr. Monsarrat on Tuesdays and Thursdays, at 3.30 p.m., during the Summer Term. BACTERIOLOGY. Special advanced courses in this subject are given in connection with both the Medical and Science Faculties duLring the Session, and special classes are aIranged for candidates for the Diplomas in Public Health, and Tropical Hygiene, and for the degree of Master of Hygienie. Research WFork: Every facility is given to senior students or graduates who wish to utndertake special Research Work.

SOME IMPRESSIONS. BY PROFESSOR WILLIAM WRIGHT, M.B., D.SC., F.R.C.S. PUTTING a girdle round the Earth, passing through Edmonton (Alberta) in the Nortth and Dunedin in the South, must inevitably result in impressions as varied as they are multiple. Certain of these impressions, particularly those relating to medical education, may be of interest to readers of the Post-Graduiate Medical Jouirnal. Nothing, as one proceeds through the Empire, is more apparenit than the attention which is everywhere giveni to education. Excellent Public Schools established and administered on Elnglish traditional lines are found near all the big centres of population ; sufficiently near to permit of their being attended by both day-scholars and boarders, sufficiently remote to be in congeniial surroundinigs with ample accommodation for all forms of athletics. It is, however, to the Universities anid the Medical Faculties associated thierewith that I would particularly refer. SOME IMPRESSIONS 39 at Edmontoni by a Dental Faculty. At Wiinnipeg it is obligatory for a studen-t to spend one year as an intetrne before he can obtaini his degree in medicine. As in Australia, there is a tenidency for the hospitals to be under tlle management of various religious bodies, as, for inistance, the Church of , the Roman Catholic Church. The member-s of the staffs of the hospitals are, however, appointed with apparently no excessive attentioni to thieir religious beliefs. Of the two great Universities of Toronto and Montreal (McGill) I think it uinnecessary to say anything, uniless it be that I know of nio modern University in the Empi-e which, in so far as buildings, sites and stuLdent organizations are concerned, is qtite in the same class. In two outlyin,g par-ts of the Empire noteworthy movements are in progr-ess. Onie is the effort to establish a Denital School in conniection witlh the Medicall Faculty of the University of Colombo. A separate and attractive buildinig, kniowni as Ceylon the Dental Department, is already in existence, and all that is furtlher and Fiji. required is a moderate endowmenit. There is not, I under-stand, a denital school thirotughout the whole lenigth and breadtlh of India, and yet an adequate supply of properly trained den-ital surgeonis is onie of its mrnost pressing needs. The other movemenit, happily alr-eady successful, is the creationi of a Medical Sclhool fol Polynesians in connection with the War Memorial Hospital at Suva. Ten studenits are selected, from a conisider-ably larger nlumber of applicanits, each year anld ar-e provided with residential accommodationi together with a small sum for persona-l expenses. The curr-iculum extends over four years ; the interest takeni in their studies by the studenits and the stanidard of knowledge reached were surprisingly high. It is diffictult to over-estimate the beniefits which may result from suchI initelligenit philanthropy. The School is supported by a grant from the Rockefeller Foundationl. In conclusion, I WouldC sav that wliherever I wenit I founid a spirit of progress and a senise of loyalty, senitimenits which cannlot be regarded as anythinlg but the happiest auguLries for the future of the Empire. General News. 'T'HE Austialiani and New Zealanid Associationi Dilinner was held at the Trrocader-o oN Decemilber ii, with Mr. Dunhill in the chair, and Sir Johni Thomiison-Walker ancd Professor- Wright as Guests of Honour. Mr. Dunlhill, in his Pr-esidential Australian and Addiress, said that it was only after very careful consider-ationi that the New Zealand to hold a this as to the AssociationJ Comimittee lad decided diinner vear, owinig Dinner, depressed conditionis in Enigland it might be an inopportunie time, but the record attenidance was a striking proof that even under the presenit stringent financial conditions many ilmeniwere prepared to come over here to study. He also referred to the great efforts the Fellowship of Medicine hiad made durinlg the year in post-graduate work, and to their incr-easinig activities in 193?. Sir John Thomson-Walker- said that he considered that the mnedical profession provided the best ambassadors for closer unity withl the Empire, and lhe paid a great complimenit to the Australian and New Zealand Association in mentioniing that in the last ten years ninie of his Resident Medical Officers were members of the Association. In discuissing the 40 GENERAL NEVS valuie of post-graduiate vork, he said that though the operalive facilities were necessarily so limited, he would like to point out that, in his opinion, "anyone could learn to operate in a year, but whcln to operate took the judgment of a lifetime." Professor Wr-ight gave many initeresting details of his journey through Australia, and said that tell of the twenty canididates liad been suiccessful in the Prilnary Fellowship Exatniniation in Australia, and that though this was a high percentage of passes for the Examinationi itself, he did not consider it all unduily high percentage for Australians. Dr. Cliff Elling,worth, who has just returnied from an interesting tour in Russia, proposed the health of the guests. Mr. Francis Muecke proposed the health of the President. Among those present were Mr. Tanner, Dr. Beauilont, Mr. Whitchurch Howell, Dr. Maurice Davidson, Sir Harold Gillies, Mr. L. G. Browin, Dr. G. Vilvandre (who has lately returned fromi Australia), Dr. Bernard Myers anid Mr. John E. Ryan.

THE Royal Empire Society, Northumberland Avenue, W.C.2, will hold a meeting on Tuesday, January I9, at 8.30 p.m., at which Col. F. E. Fremantle, Two O.B.E., M.D., M.P., will give an address on "The Debt of the Empire Interesting to British Medical Research." Sir William Willcox, C.B., C.M.G., Lectures. M.D., will preside. A dinner will precede the meeting, for which tickets (Ios. 6d.) may be obtained fromi the Secretary of the Society. An interesting lecture will be given by Mr. F. Spencer Chapman, a miember of the British Air Route Expedition, onil Januiary 27, at 8.I5, at Central Hall, . This lecture is free to members of the Fellowship who have joined the Overseas League. For tickets apply to Reception Secretary, Vernon House, St. James's Street. The following doctors have lately arrived from New Zealand:- Dr. A. M. Scott, Invercargill; Dr. T. E. Palmer, Wellington; Dr. C. D. Marshall Day, Wellington (Holder of Rockefeller Foundation Scholarship); Dr. Carl X. Ruhen, Dunedin; Dr. W. H. Johnston, Wellington; Dr. Hilda M. Northcroft, Auckland; Dr. Kenneth Pacey, Palmerston North. The following doctors have lately ar-rived from Australia:- Dr. J. Bastow, Melbourne; Dr. H. Basedow, Adelaide; Dr. Rlalph Crisp, Perth; Dr. Eric Goulston, Sydney; Dr. H. M. Heil, Sydney; Dr. W. Roberts, Sydney; Dr. Cecil Pettar, Brisbane; Dr. P. M. Walker-Taylor, Sydney; Dr. Palfeyman, Brisbane. OVERSEAS LEAGUE. OWING to lack of accommodation the Fellowship of Medicine has had difficulty not only in arranging social events, but also in providing a meeting place for Overseas doctors, to enable them to come more in contact with one another, and to meet Members of the Staffs of the London hospitals. We are, therefore, very pleased to announce that the Overseas League is, in future, co-operating with us and is kindly permitting Overseas Members of the Fellowship of Medicine to become Members of the Overseas League, without entrance fee, at the small subscription of Ios. for the year I932. This subsciription will entitle our Overseas Membe-rs to the fuill privilegcs of the League, which has very fine quarters in Park Place, St. James's Street, and has accommodation botli for men and women. Fuller particulars of the facilities offered by the League are given elsewhere in the Journal. In addition to all the activities which the League arranges for its Members, GENERAL NEWS 41 the ExecLutive Coniitiittee hopes to arraiige several social aiid Inedical meeting.s at the Club houtse durilng the year at whichi Members of the Fellowship of Medicine, both Overseas and resident in the British Isles, will have an opportunity of meeting prominent consultants. We would particularly like to lay stress on the fact that though Member- slhip of the Overseas Leagute is open on special terms ontly to Overseas Members of the Fellowship, all resicdent doctors in thle Britishl Isles who are Members of the Fellowship may attend the functions arranged at the Club by the Fellowship of Medicine, anld it is particularly hoped that these Metmbers will avail themselves of what we trust will be both instructive and enjoyable meetings.

ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS OF LONDON. MEMBERSHIP EXAMINATION-OCTOBER, 1931. The following candidates were successfi Allison, Frederick Gerard, M.D.Manitoba Killick, Estlher Margaret, M.B.Leeds, Bentley, James Hilton, L.R.C.P. L.R.C.P. Bomford, Trevor Laturence, M.B. Lond.,L.R.C.P. Lander, Frank Patrick Lee, M.B.Lond., Davies, Rupert Pritchard Picton,M.D.Lond., L. R.C.P. L.R.C.P. Mistry, Mahomedali Ladhabhoy, M.D.Lond. Elwell, Laurence Bedford, M.C., M.B.Sydney Richards, Francis Alan, M.B.Camb. Ford, Maurice Rolfe Vickers, L.R.C.P. Salah-eldin, Mahmoud, M.B.Cairo Franklen-Evans, Ivor John, M.B.Camb. Selbourne, Henry Armand Hugh, M.B.Lond., Gaydon, Frank Alfred, M.B.Lond., L.R.C.P. L.R.C.P. Gordon, Isaac, M.B.Lond., L.R.C.P. Shone, Samuel, M.B.Lond., L.R.C.P. Goyal, Ram Kumar, M.B.Punjab, L.R.C.P. Smith, Felix, M.D.Birm., L.R.C.P. Grace, Richard Fai fax Tukino, M.D.Edin. Tandon, Raghubansa Kishore, M.B.Lucknow Gujral, Mohan Lal, M.B.Punjab Ugrankar, Shripad Shivarao, M.B.Bombay Hoseason, Arthur Sandford, M B.Lond., Wig, Khushwant Lal, M.B.Punjab, L.R.C.P. L.R.C.P. ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS (ENGLAND). THE following candidates were successful in the F.R.C.S.(Eng.) Final Examination:- BODY, Harold Alfred, 45, Lane Gardens, N.6 Melbourne BOOVARIWALA, Dhanjishaw Dorabji, c/o Lloyd's Bank, Ltd., 6, Pall Mall, S.W.I Bomnbay COOPER, Sorabji Burjorji, 60, Foulser Road, Upper , S.W.I7 Bombay CRUICKSHANK, Alexander, 2b, Kensington Crescent, W.I4 British Isles LAL, Rangi, 37, Ospringe Road, N.W.5 Lucknow MITCHELL, David Matthew, 347, Prince's Gardens, W.3 Otago MITCHELL, Douglas Harold, Cromwell Court Hotel, I45, Cromwell Road, S.W.7 Melbourne PARK, Lindsay Morgan, I02, Cromwell Road, S.W.7 Otago PRICE, Eric Evan, io, Causton Road, , N.6 Melbourne ROGERS, Lindsay Sangster, Cancer Hospital, Road, S.W.6 Otago SAYLE, Thomas Osler, I8, Sheldon Avenue, Highgate, N.6 Melbourne SKEOCH, Hugh Hedley, 75, Westbourne Terrace, W.2 Sydney STONE, Victor Solomon, 45, Hornsey Lane Gardens, Highgate, N.6 Melbourne \VELSH, Fauset, General Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham British Isles BUTLER, Edward Clive Barber, 28, Newark Street, E.I British Isles BLAIKLEY, John Barnard, The College, Guy's Hospital, S.E.I British Isles 42 GENERAL NEWS RYCROFT, Benjamin William, gr, Cecil Avenue, Bradford, Yorks British Isles MATHUR, Santka Narain, c/o The Allaliabad Bank, Ltd., Chowk, Lucknow, India Lucknow BOYD, Alexander Michael, Waltisfield, Moor Park Road, Northwood, British Isles HARIHARAN, Vandankan, c/o Rao Sahib Dr. K. lyer, Mogok, Burma Madras PHILPS, Alan Seymour, i, Christchurch Crescent, Radlett, Herts British Isles TANNER, Norman Cecil, 5, Beaufort Road, Clifton, Bristol Britisll Isles HARGREAVES, Flora, Burnside, Rossett Dr., Harrogate, Yorks British Isles WILSON, Thomas Henry, St. Thomas's Hospital, S.E.I British Isles READING, Philip Vernon, Bright Ward, Guy's Hospital, S.E.I. British Isles ASCROFT, Peter Byers, Home Farm Cottage, Wall Hall, Watford British Isles WHITE, Margaret Moore, I40, Station Road, , N.W.4 British Isles PHILLIPS, Henry Anthony, c/o Bank of Australasia, 4,'l'hreadneedle Street, E.C.2 Melbourne LETCHER, Herbert George, c/o Bank of N.S.W., Threadneedle Street, E.C.2 Adelaide WILSON, Denis Smith Poole, Balholm, Rostrevor Road, Rathgar, Dublin Britislh Isles HARRIS, Herbert Elwin, I3, Lansdown Place, Clifton, Bristol British Isles HALLPIKE, Charles Skinner, 6, Vaughan Avenue, W.6. British Isles JACOBSON, Edward, London Hospital, E.I British Isles BECK, Diana Jean Kinloch, Thornhill, Newton, Cheshire British Isles MORGAN, Gertrude Mary Beatrice, Cliff House, Hyde Park, Leeds British Isles Owen, Charles, Langley, Whydown, Bexhill-on-S,a British Isles HOOPER, Otto, 41, Sussex Gardens, W.I British Isles EVANS, Evan Stanley, Queen Mary's Hospital, Carshalton, Surrey British Isles MONRO, John Kirkpatrick, Fairport, Fortis Green, , N. British Isles JAMES, Hugh Elwyn, i8, King Edward's Road, Swansea British Isles PAIN, Arthur Bernard, New Wortley Vicarage, Leeds British Isles RAVEN, Ronald William, Mountain View, Coniston, Lancs. British Isles HANDOUSA, Ahmed El Sayed, 46, Lancaster Road, S.E.27 Cairo STORRS, Guy Simonds, 23, Keighley Road, Colne, Lancs. British Isles WILLIAMSON, Jatnes Charles Frederick Lloyd, Clerklands, Horley, Surrey British Isles BERRILL, Trevor Hellier, Southlands, Knowle, Bristol British Isles

ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS (EDINBURGH). THE following candidates were successful in the last examination for the F.R.C.S.(Edinburgh):- Front Sydney- A. C. Armstrong; A. B. Walker-Smith; W. O. Pye; A. F. Quayle; G. G. Stening. From England atnd Scotland- A. J. Meely, London; A. Miller, London; D. Oliver, London; D. L. Parr, Glasgow; P. G. Quinet, Birmingham; W. L. Rowe, Sheffield; C. R. Salkeld, Bournemouth; K. F. Darrell Waters, London; I. A. G. Dick, Ayr; F. S. Hubbersty, Durham; J. L. Jeffares, Derby; N. B. Lavery, London; J. L. Seebody, London; A. M. McMaster, Rochdale. Fronit New Zealand-- E. G. Gibbs; F. R. Smales. Fromn South Africa- A. D. Polousky, Capetown; F. D. du Toboot van Zijl, Ladysmith.