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Abstract MOHAN, LEON JAGDEO. an Examination

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Abstract MOHAN, LEON JAGDEO. an Examination Abstract MOHAN, LEON JAGDEO. An Examination of Variables Influencing the Travel Behavior of Professional Hockey Fans. (Under the direction of Dr. Larry Gustke). Sport and tourism industries have major impacts on local, state, national, and international communities. These impacts include: social impacts, environmental impacts, political impacts, and economic impacts. People travel great distances to watch, participate, and venerate in sports. Therefore, it is important to gain an understanding of the travel behavior of sport tourists. This study focused on the travel behavior of professional hockey fans. The purpose of this study was to identify and examine the variables that influence the travel behavior of professional hockey fans. There were three research questions addressed in this study. The first research question was, whether or not the strength of the team identification of fans plays a role in the decision to travel to watch their favorite team compete? The second research question was, what is the relationship between perceived destination image and fans’ travel to the destination in order to watch their favorite team compete? The third question was, is there a relationship between perceived travel distance and attendance at road games? To answer these questions an instrument was developed and distributed to fans of the Carolina Hurricanes of the National Hockey League. Data collection occurred at the RBC Center located in Raleigh, North Carolina. The data was analyzed using SPSS. The results of the analysis indicated that team identification, destination image, and distance influenced the travel behavior of fans of professional hockey. The results of the analyses indicated that there was differences in respondents when they were categorized based on the type of ticket they purchased (season ticket holder, mini-plan purchaser, or day of game ticket purchaser) or when they attended a game (weekend game attendee or weekday game attendee). The results of this study provide scholars and professionals in sport and tourism a better understanding of the variables that influence fans’ travel. Partnerships between destination management organizations, professional sport teams, hoteliers and the travel industry should be developed utilizing this information to better serve and meet the needs of fans. An Examination of Variables Influencing the Travel Behavior of Professional Hockey Fans By Leon J. Mohan A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of North Carolina State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management Raleigh, North Carolina 2007 Approved By: _______________________ _________________________ Dr. Gene Brothers Dr. Edwin Lindsay _______________________ _________________________ Dr. Michael Vasu Dr. Larry Gustke Chair of Advisory Committee ii Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to my mom iii Biography Leon Jagdeo Mohan was born on November 17, 1974 in Bronx, New York to Premela and Jacob Mohan. He has a younger brother, Michael. Leon grew up in Stamford, CT and graduated from Stamford High School in 1992. After graduating from high school, he attended North Carolina State University, where he majored in Political Science. He graduated in 1996 with a Bachelor of Arts degree. Upon completion of his undergraduate studies, Leon continued his education at North Carolina State University. He entered the Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management to pursue a Master of Arts degree. While in the program, he secured an internship with the media relations department of the Carolina Hurricanes of the National Hockey League. Leon graduated with a Master of Arts degree in 1997. The title of his project was “Impacts of Community Centers on At- Risk Youth.” The chair of his committee was Dr. Carolyn Love. Upon graduation, Leon secured a position in the Scouting and Player Development department of the Montreal Expos (currently known as the Washington Nationals) of Major League Baseball. He later relocated back to Raleigh, North Carolina as he obtained a position as a Community Center Supervisor with Raleigh Parks and Recreation Department. After spending two years with Raleigh Parks and Recreation department, he moved to Fort Washington, Maryland to work for the iv Maryland National Capital Park and Planning Commission as a Recreation Specialist. In 2004, Leon moved back to Raleigh, North Carolina to pursue a Doctor of Philosophy in North Carolina State’s Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management. He entered the program in August of 2004. He received a part-time assistantship while working full-time with the North Carolina Department of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. The title of his thesis was “An Examination of Variables Influencing the Travel Behavior of Professional Hockey Fans.” Leon plans to continue his research in the area of sport tourism. v Acknowledgements The pursuit of a doctoral degree can be a long and arduous journey. It is a journey that has many highs and lows. Remembering and acknowledging those individuals who were supportive during the good times and bad times of the journey is very important. Personally, I have been blessed to have some amazing people in my life that have supported me during those ups and downs over the past three years. I would like to thank my co-workers David Mills and Cecil Holt. Both of these individuals have given me a great deal of support and encouragement over the last couple of years. I will always remember that they were available to listen whenever something was bothering me. I consider both of them as not only people that I work with but as close friends. I would like to thank Dr. Michael Vasu and Dr. Gene Brothers for their guidance in my pursuit of doctoral degree. The expertise of both of these individuals in the tourism industry as well as methodology and research was invaluable in writing the dissertation and developing the questionnaire. I would like to thank Debbie Hurst and Felicia Mangum, both of whom work for the Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism. The work that they do to support the faculty, staff, and students is invaluable. I would also like to thank Kathy Hamilton vi Brown for believing in me and for the advice she has given me over the last couple of years. I would like to thank two people who I consider very close friends, Dr. Edwin Lindsay and Donald Hilke. I will never forget that both of them were always around to listen when I needed to talk to someone. When I was going through a very difficult time in my life, they were always there to listen. Both of them continually provided words of encouragement. I have known Don since we were freshmen in college and he has always been a great and loyal friend. I am very lucky to have both of these individuals as friends. I would like to thank my dad. My dad was there to help me get through a tough time in my life. Without his help, it would have been extremely difficult to get through the preliminary exams. I would like to thank Dr. Larry Gustke. I will forever be indebted to Dr. Gustke for everything he has done for me. First and foremost, the thing that I will always remember is that he believed in me, when others didn’t. He believed that I would be successful in my pursuit of a doctoral degree. Dr. Gustke is, not only, a remarkable researcher, teacher, or advisor but he is an amazing genuine caring person. I will never forget all of the conversations in which he has given so much great advice. His words of encouragement and the support he has given me over the past three vii years have helped me get through this long journey. I can’t write enough about what a great person Dr. Gustke is and how grateful I am to him. I would like to thank Joanne McDaniel. When I first began my studies as an undergraduate, I did not start off too well. I began to doubt whether I belonged in college. My sophomore year, I took a course with Joanne. At the beginning of the course, I struggled. She took me aside and worked with me. I will always remember that she took the time to help me improve my study habits and ultimately my grades. She gave me the confidence and the belief that I belonged in college. More than any other teacher, she has had the greatest impact on me. Joanne has also always been there to provide employment opportunities for me. Employment opportunities that have made it possible for me to pursue a Master of Arts degree and then a doctoral degree. She is another person that I am very lucky to have in my life. I would like to thank my best friend and younger brother Michael. I could not ask for a better brother. He is always willing to listen and give me words of encouragement and support. My brother is one of the most unselfish and caring people I know. Whenever I need his help, he is always there to lend a helping hand. I know that when all else fails, I can always count on my little brother. I am very proud to have him as a brother and am very proud of all that he has accomplished at such a young age. His greatest accomplishment came on July 26, 2006 when he became a dad. I will always remember the first time I held my beautiful niece, Alexis. viii I would like to thank my mom. My mom taught me the meaning of hard work, dedication, and perseverance. She has been my inspiration throughout this whole journey. She has always put the needs of her children before her own. I am so lucky to have her as a mother.
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