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California Availability of Books and Maps of the U.S CALIFORNIA AVAILABILITY OF BOOKS AND MAPS OF THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Instructions on ordering publications of the U.S. Geological Survey, along with prices of the last offerings, are given in the cur­ rent-year issues of the monthly catalog "New Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey." Prices of available U.S. Geological Sur­ vey publications released prior to the current year are listed in the most recent annual "Price and Availability List." Publications that are listed in various U.S. Geological Survey catalogs (see back inside cover) but not listed in the most recent annual "Price and Availability List" are no longer available. Prices of reports released to the open files are given in the listing "U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Reports," updated month­ ly, which is for sale in microfiche from the U.S. Geological Survey, Books and Open-File Reports Section, Federal Center, Box 25425, Denver, CO 80225. Reports released through the NTIS may be obtained by writing to the National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, Springfield, VA 22161; please include NTIS report number with inquiry. Order U.S. Geological Survey publications by mail or over the counter from the offices given below. BY MAIL Books OVER THE COUNTER Books Professional Papers, Bulletins, Water-Supply Papers, Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, Circulars, publications of general in­ Books of the U.S. Geological Survey are available over the terest (such as leaflets, pamphlets, booklets), single copies of Earthquakes counter at the following Geological Survey Public Inquiries Offices, al~ & Volcanoes, Preliminary Determination of Epicenters, and some mis­ of which are authorized agents of the Superintendent of Documents: cellaneous reports, including some of the foregoing series that have gone out of print at the Superintendent of Documents, are obtainable by mail from • WASHINGTON, D.C.--Main Interior Bldg., 2600 corridor, 18th and C Sts., NW. U.S. Geological Survey, Books and Open-File Reports • DENVER, Colorado--Federal Bldg., Rm. 169, 1961 Stout St. Federal Center, Box 25425 • LOS ANGELES, California--Federal Bldg., Rm. 7638,300 N. Denver, CO 80225 Los Angeles St. • MENLO PARK, California--Bldg. 3 (Stop 533), Rm. 3128, Subscriptions to periodicals (Earthquakes & Volcanoes and 345 Middlefield Rd. Preliminary Detennination of Epicenters) can be obtained ONLY from • RESTON, Virginia--503 National Center, Rm. 1C402, 12201 the Sunrise Valley Dr. • SALT LAKE CITY, Utah--Federal Bldg., Rm. 8105, 125 Superintendent of Documents South State St. Government Printing Office • SAN FRANCISCO, California--Customhouse, Rm. 504, 555 Washington, D.C. 20402 Battery St. • SPOKANE, Washington--U.S. Courthouse, Rm. 678, West (Check or money order must be payable to Superintendent of Docu­ 920 Riverside Ave .. ments.) • ANCHORAGE, Alaska--Rm. 101, 4230 University Dr. • ANCHORAGE, Alaska--Federal Bldg, Rm. E-146, 701 C St. Maps For maps, address mail orders to U.S. Geological Survey, Map Distribution Maps Federal Center, Box 25286 Maps may be purchased over the counter at the U.S. Geologi­ Denver, CO 80225 cal Survey offices where books are sold (all addresses in above list) and at the following Geological Survey offices: Residents of Alaska may order maps from • ROLLA, Missouri--1400 Independence Rd. Alaska Distribution Section, U.S. Geological Survey, • DENVER, Colorado--Map Distrib~tion, Bldg. 810, Federal New Federal Building - Box 12 Center 101 Twelfth Ave., Fairbanks, AK 99701 • FAIRBANKS, Alaska--New Federal Bldg., 101 Twelfth Ave. Chapter E Mineral Resources of the Orocopia Mountains Wilderness Study Area, Riverside County, California By GORDON B. HAXEL, DAVID B. SMITH, CHARLES L. WHITTINGTON, ANDREW GRISCOM, DENNY V. DIVELEY-WHITE, and ROBERT E. POWELL U.S. Geological Survey TERRY J. KREIDLER U.S. Bureau of Mines U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1710 MINERAL RESOURCES OF WILDERNESS STUDY AREAS: SOUTH-CENTRAL CALIFORNIA DESERT CONSERVATION AREA, CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR DONALD PAUL HODEL, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Director Any use of trade names and trademarks in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1988 For sale by the Books and Open-File Reports Section U.S. Geological Survey Federal Center, Box 25425 Denver, CO 80225 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Mineral resources of the Orocopia Mountains Widerness Study Area, Riverside County, California. (U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin; 1710-E Bibliography: p. Supt. of Docs. no. : I 19.3:171 0-E 1. Mines and mineral resources--California--Orocopia Mountains Wilderness. 2. Orocopia Mountains Wilderness (Calif.) I. Haxel, Gordon. II. Series. QE75.B9 no. 1710-E 557.3 s [553'.09794'97] 88-600428 [TN24.C2] STUDIES RELATED TO WILDERNESS Bureau of Land Management Wilderness Study Area The Federal Land Policy and Management Act (Public Law 94-579, October 21, 1976) requires the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Mines to conduct mineral surveys of certain areas to determine the mineral values, if any, that may be present. Results must be made available to the public and be submitted to the President and the Congress. This report presents the results of a mineral survey of part of the Orocopia Mountains Wilderness Study Area (CDCA-344), Riverside County, California. CONTENTS Summary El Abstract El Character and setting El Identified mineral resources E2 Mineral resource potential E2 Introduction E3 Location and physiography E3 Previous and present investigations E4 Appraisal of identified resources E4 Methods of investigation E4 Mining history ES Appraisal of sites examined ES Big Bullett claims ES Talc occurrences ES Orocopia mine (gold) E6 Orocopia Fluorspar mine E6 Oil and gas E7 Geothermal resources E7 Conclusions E7 Assessment of mineral resource potential E7 Geology E7 Lithologic units E7 Structure E8 Geochemical studies E9 Geophysical studies E12 Mineral resource assessment El3 Crystalline-rock-hosted disseminated gold E13 Gold-bearing quartz veins El3 Gold associated with propylitically altered mafic dikes E14 Volcanogenic massive sulfide base metals and gold E14 Talc E15 Fluorite El5 Evaporite deposits E15 Porphyry copper-molybdenum E15 Placer gold El6 Geothermal energy E16 Oil and gas El6 References cited E16 Appendixes Definition of levels of resource potential and certainty of assessment E20 Resource/reserve classification E21 Geologic time chart E22 FIGURES 1. Index map showing location of the Orocopia Mountains Wilderness Study Area, Riverside County, California E2 2. Map showing mineral resource potential and generalized geology of the Orocopia Mountains Wilderness Study Area, Riverside County, California ElO TABLE 1. Mineral deposits in and near the Orocopia Mountains Wilderness Study Area E6 Contents V Mineral Resources of the Orocopia Mountains Wilderness Study Area, Riverside County, California By Gordon B. Haxel, David B. Smith, Charles L. Whittington, Andrew Griscom, Denny V. Diveley-White, and Robert E. Powell U.S. Geological Survey Terry j. Kreidler U.S. Bureau of Mines SUMMARY deposits, moderate resource potential for talc and fluorite, and moderate resource potential for gypsum and borates in evaporite strata. There is low resource potential for gold, Abstract copper, lead, zinc, and manganese in volcanogenic massive­ sulfide deposits and for copper and molybdenum in porphyry At the request of the U.S. Bureau of Land Management, deposits. Moderate potential for geothermal energy resources approximately 34,172 acres of the Orocopia Mountains is assigned to the southwestern two-thirds of the study area. Wilderness Study Area (CDCA-344) were evaluated for There is no energy resource potential for oil, and gas in the mineral resources (known) and mineral resource potential study area. (undiscovered). In this report, the area studied is referred to as the "wilderness study area" or simply "the study area". Any reference to the Orocopia Mountains Wilderness Study Character and Setting Area refers only to that part of the wilderness study area for which a mineral survey was requested by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management. The Orocopia Mountains Wilderness Study Area is in The Orocopia Mountains Wilderness Study Area is lo­ southeastern Riverside County, about 25 mi southeast of cated in southeastern Riverside County, California, about 25 Indio (fig. 1). The Orocopia Mountains comprise a small, miles southeast of Indio. Fieldwork for this report was con­ rugged range on the northeast side of the northern Imperial ducted between 1982 and 1986. In 1982, there were about 20 unpatented mining claims within or adjacent to the wil­ Valley. The main part of the range lies about 6 mi north­ derness study area. Identified resources in the Orocopia east of the San Andreas fault zone. Mountains Wilderness Study Area include low-grade talc Major lithologic units in the Orocopia Mountains deposits of moderate size and a small, low-grade, low-ton­ Wilderness Study Area are Early and Middle Proterozoic nage quartz-vein gold deposit. Active exploration for gold, (see appendixes for geologic time chart) gneiss and mig­ including geochemical sampling and exploratory drilling, was underway in the late 1980's, and a tract with high resource matite; a Middle Proterozoic anorthosite-syenite complex; potential for disseminated gold in crystalline rocks is deline­ Proterozoic(?), Jurassic, and (or) Cretaceous
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