The World Crisis 1911-1918 Free

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The World Crisis 1911-1918 Free FREE THE WORLD CRISIS 1911-1918 PDF Sir Winston S Churchill K.G. | 880 pages | 03 May 2007 | Penguin Books Ltd | 9780141442051 | English | London, United Kingdom The World Crisis, - Winston Churchill - Google книги Churchill wrote these volumes while a Conservative in office, sometimes when a cabinet minister, which accounts for the rare stylistic infelicities. It is an account of WWI, and emphasizes his own Winston Churchill was a superb writer--What more can I say? It is a one volume summary of what was originally a five volume work. This particular volume covers the years of World War. The World Crisis, Winston Churchill. As first lord of the admiralty and minister for war and air, Churchill stood resolute at the center of international affairs. In this classic account, he dramatically details how the tides of despair and triumph flowed and ebbed as The World Crisis 1911-1918 political and military leaders of the time navigated the dangerous currents The World Crisis 1911-1918 world conflict. Here, too, he re-creates the dawn of modern warfare: the buzz of airplanes overhead, trench combat, artillery thunder, and the threat of chemical warfare. Written with unprecedented flair and knowledge of the events, The World Crisis remains the single greatest history of World War I, essential reading for anyone who wishes to understand the twentieth century. Milestones to Armageddon. The Crisis of Agadir. At the Admiralty. The North Sea Front. Ireland and the European Balance. The Mobilization of the Navy. Proposed Admiralty Order of March 23 After the Landing. The Fall of the Government. The Darkening Scene. The Battle of Suvla Bay. The Ruin of the Balkans. The Abandonment of the Dardanelles. The Consequences of The Passage of the Army. The Invasion of France. The MarneThe Turnabout. Home Waters Antwerp and the Channel Ports. Coronel and the Falklands. The Bombardment of Scarborough and Hartlepool. Operations of December 16 Turkey and the Balkans. The Deadlock in the West. The Origin The World Crisis 1911-1918 Tanks and Smoke. The Action of the Dogger Bank January Second Thoughts and Final Decision. The Genesis of the Military Attack. The World Crisis 1911-1918 New Resolve. The Eighteenth of March. Admiral de Robecks Change of Plan. The First Defeat of the Uboats. The Increasing Tension. The Battle of the Beaches. Falkenhayns Choice. Verdun February Enemy Battleships in Sight. Deployment Diagrams. The Battle of the Somme. The Roumanian Disaster. The Intervention of the United States. General Nivelles Experiment. At the Ministry of Munitions. Britain Conquers the Uboats. The German Concentration in the West. The Surprise of the Chemin des Dames. The Turn of the Tide. The Teutonic Collapse. Martin Gilbert was named Winston Churchill's official biographer in An Honorary Fellow The World Crisis 1911-1918 Merton College, Oxford, and a Distinguished Fellow of Hillsdale College, Michigan, he was knighted in "for services to British history and international relations," and in he was awarded a Doctorate of Literature by the University of Oxford for the totality of his published work. The World Crisis 1911-1918 Vials of Wrath. The Crisis. The Marne. The War at Sea. Lord Fisher. The Choice. The Blood Test. The Climax. The World Crisis, (Paperback) - - Published between and in many respects it prefigures his better-known multivolume The Second World War. The World Crisis is analytical and, in some parts, a justification by Churchill of his role in the war. Churchill is reputed to have said about this work that it was "not history, but a contribution to history". His American The World Crisis 1911-1918 William Manchester wrote: "His The World Crisis 1911-1918 is The World The World Crisis 1911- 1918published over a period of several years, toa six-volume, 3,page account of the Great War, beginning with its origins in and ending with its repercussions in the s. Magnificently written, it is enhanced by the presence of the author at the highest councils of war The World Crisis 1911-1918 in the trenches as a battalion commander". After it, anything must appear as anticlimax". The news he was writing about the war was all over London; he chose The Times for the serial rights rather than the magazine Metropolitanand with advances from his English and American publishers, he told a guest in that it was exhilarating to write for half a crown The World Crisis 1911-1918 word a pound for eight words. The question of copyright and of The World Crisis 1911-1918 confidential government documents was raised by Bonar Lawbut other authors, including FisherJellicoe and Kitchenerhad already used such documents in writing their own memoirs. The first American advances enabled him to purchase a new Rolls-Royce in August Inhe had purchased Chartwella large house requiring expensive repairs and rebuilding. The reception was generally good, The World Crisis 1911-1918 an unnamed colleague said, "Winston has written an enormous book about himself, and called it The World Crisis. Although nominally starting in when Churchill became head of the Admiralty, the narrative commences in with the Franco-Prussian War and ends with Turkey and the Balkans. Churchill comments on German "threats of war" over recognition by The World Crisis 1911-1918 of the Austrian annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina inThe World Crisis 1911-1918 led to talks between the British and French General Staffs over concerted action in the event of war. The design and ordering of the British dreadnought fleet has a chapter, given his involvement. The start of the war in France is followed by the Admiralty and Fisher, and the naval battles of Coronel and the Falklands. The last chapter is on the bombardment of the English "open towns" of Hartlepool, Scarborough and Whitby by the German battle-cruiser squadron when nearly civilians were killed; there was "much indignation at the failure of the Navy" but the Navy could not explain for fear of compromising our secret information". Churchill complains in his preface that "upon me alone among the high authorities concerned with the Dardanelles The World Crisis 1911-1918 the penalty inflicted — not of loss of office, for that is a petty thing — but of interruption and deprivation of control while the fate of the enterprise was still in suspense". This volume starts with the Allied High Command at the beginning ofand the combatants evenly matched for a prolonged The World Crisis 1911- 1918. During the first eighteen months of the events covered, Churchill was out of office and he commanded a battalion in the line at 'Plugstreet' in Flanders early in He says that to the end of the resources of Britain exceeded the ability to use them; megalomania was a virtue and so was adding one or two noughts to orders. By now, after three years twenty months the island was an arsenal with the new national factories beginning to function. But the fighting fronts now absorbed all the production. The Admiralty had not been affected by the munitions crisis ofand Admiralty requirements had priority. France and Italy also had entitlements. The chapters on the fighting fronts start with victory over the U-boats, then the need to save Italy from collapse after the Battle of Caporetto. He ends with "Will a new generation in their turn be immolated to square the black accounts of Teuton and Gaul? Will our children bleed and gasp again in devastated lands? Or will there spring from the very fires of conflict that reconciliation of the three giant combatants, which would unite their genius and secure to each in safety and freedom a share in rebuilding the glory of Europe? This volume was originally published in two parts. In subsequent editions these were labelled as Volumes III and IV, So that the original structure of five volumes in six physical books became six volumes. The Preface says it is mainly concerned with reactions outside the Peace Conference in the "halls of Paris and Versailles" though there are chapters on the conference, the League of Nations and the Peace Treaties. Churchill indicts the Treaty of Versailles as being too harsh and predicts it will cause future problems. Churchill points out that he went to Paris to discuss Russia not to attend the Peace The World Crisis 1911-1918, though he asked Wilson for a decision on the Russian item when it came up, rather than a continuation of "aimless unorganised bloodshed" until Wilson returned. Rhodes comments that The Aftermath contains "the most ferocious denunciations of Bolshevik Russia The last volume to be published tells according to the preface of the conflict between Russia and the two Teutonic empires and the agonies of Central Europe, arising in Vienna. The struggle starts with Bosnia, the murder of the Archduke and the House of Habsburg; and ends with the ruin of all three houses: Romanov, Habsburg and Hohenzollern. After the Bolshevik Revolution of Russia withdraws from the war. An abridged and revised edition with an additional chapter on the Battle of the Marne and an introduction by Churchill dated 1 July was published in by Thornton Butterworth. Clemmie on tour was told by a Singapore bookshop that sales of the abridged edition had "gone very well". Reaction was generally favourable, with T. Several military writers in magazine articles criticized some of the opinions and statistics in Volume III. The essays quarreling with some of his The World Crisis 1911-1918 and minor points of strategy and tactics were reprinted in a book in The World The World Crisis 1911-1918 began as a response to Lord Esher 's attack on his actions in in his book "The Tragedy of Lord Kitchener", charging that "Churchill had slipped away to Belgium on his own while Kitchener was asleep".
Recommended publications
  • Writing About Winston: Two Works Compared Victoria Valusek
    The Histories Volume 8 | Issue 1 Article 7 Writing About Winston: Two Works Compared Victoria Valusek Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lasalle.edu/the_histories Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Valusek, Victoria () "Writing About Winston: Two Works Compared," The Histories: Vol. 8 : Iss. 1 , Article 7. Available at: https://digitalcommons.lasalle.edu/the_histories/vol8/iss1/7 This Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Scholarship at La Salle University Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in The iH stories by an authorized editor of La Salle University Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Histories, Volume 8, Number 1 36 V Writing about Winston: Two Works Compared By Victoria Valusek ‘10 History records the ebb and flow of the tide of human endeavor and whether there are lessons to be learned depends primarily upon two factors. The first is the honesty, accuracy, and integrity of the person recording. The second is the critical consideration/sensibility of the student. Geoffrey Best (Churchill: A Study in Greatness) and Paul Addison (Churchill: The Unexpected Hero) have chosen as their subject the life of one of the most prominent political leaders of the modem era. The “ebb and flow” described by both depict Churchill as not so much riding the tide, but, more or less, sloshing around in the surf and despite his efforts at self-destruction Winston Churchill (1874-1965) somehow manages to save himself from drowning - sometimes by sheer will-power, but most often by chance. The self-destruct mechanism both authors ascribe to Churchill is his egomania.
    [Show full text]
  • Churchill: the Continuing Story
    Churchill: The Continuing Story JØRGEN SEVALDSEN The iconic position of Winston Churchill, the great statesman and orator (1874-1965), was confirmed in a very public and spectacular fashion when in 2002 a popular BBC poll made him a clear winner of the title of the Greatest Briton ever. With 28.1% of the final vote, he beat not only his nearest rival, the Victorian engineer Isambard Brunei (24.6%), but also celebrities better known outside Britain such as Shakespeare (6.8%) or Admiral Nelson (3%). This essay will look at other manifestations of the continued contemporary interest in Churchill and discuss why it is that his career, views and personality are still felt to be of contemporary relevance. The literature on Churchill is overwhelming and new biographies and monographs on aspects of his life are coming out every month. A visit to some of the most important Churchill web sites will confirm that the Churchill industry is alive and well. There are obvious reasons for this. Churchill's political career covered most of the 20* century, he held important ministerial posts in many governments, including the position as prime minister 1940-45 and 1951- 55, and he was, of course, a key player in British politics in the early phases of the Second World War when the fate of Britain and the future of the democracies of Western Europe was being decided. As an individual he was colourful and unpredictable, and there are so many military adventures and political and personal ups and downs in his life that it would seem impossible to write a dull biography of him.
    [Show full text]
  • From Adam Smith to the Present Mess Via Depressions and Two World Wars a Short History of Economic and Christian Corruption Across the West
    From Adam Smith to the Present Mess via Depressions and Two World Wars A Short History of Economic and Christian Corruption Across the West Commerce, which ought naturally to be, among nations, as among individuals, a bond of union and friendship, has become the most fertile source of discord and animosity. Adam Smith, 1776 AS_WN,IV.3 Part 1.38 Ian Buckley, Emeritus Faculty, The Australian National University, ACT 0200 Australia Preface In aiming to solve the problems that have led our Western world into the mess it has landed itself in we need to examine its economic and religious backgrounds freed of contrived theories, corrupt doctrines, political spin and wishful hearsay concerning the truly insightful observations and conclusions reached by Adam Smith, Jesus of Nazareth and many other earnest students of the human condition and threatened Earth. In this essay I shall explore certain aspects of how, through its cultural evolution since the birth of agriculture, humankind has lost its sense of coherence to such a degree that current crises threaten it with catastrophic outcomes, - even extinction. For instead of the cooperation and barter which allowed humans to survive as they evolved over millions of years, accumulated food harvests and other surpluses enabled the powerful to force inequities on ‘subdued’ peoples to the point of market instability, collapse and repeated competitive wars. Yet, recognizing such market distortion, inefficiency and cruelty, Adam Smith condemned that corrupt ‘privilege-based’ mercantile system, – advocating instead fair-trading freed of ‘special privileges’ as the honest corrective. However, forced continuation of the flawed system landed Europe’s Western states in repeated economic failures, international wars and, ultimately, the present crises.
    [Show full text]
  • 9Th Grade Textbook Packet
    To defeat Japanese in the military during the war, including 350,000 women. ITALY AND GERMANY In 1922, and Italian fascism, the United States mobilized all i~periilism and German former journalist Benito Mussolini ,.foe massive government spending required to wage ofits economic resources. and 40,000 of his black-shirted sup­ nd wrenched the economy out ofthe total war boosted industrial production a porters seized control of Italy, taking Great Depression. advantage of a paralyzed political sys­ Four years after the attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States and its allies tem incapable of dealing with wide­ in the cos!!_iest and most destructive war in history. Cit­ emerged victorious spread unemployment, runaway d, nations dismembered, and societies transformed. More ies were destroye inflation, mass strikes, and fears of million people were killed in the war between 1939 and 1945-per­ than 50 communism. By 1925, Mussolini was ofthem civilians, including millions ofJews and other ethnic haps 60 percent wielding dictatorial power;:s "Il Duce" eath camps and Soviet concentration camps. minorities in Nazi d (the Leader). He called his version -of and scale of the Second World War ended America's tra­ The global scope antisociali~ totalitarian nationalism ofisolationism. By 1945, the United States was the world's most power­ dition Jascisn1, All political parties except the and global responsibilitie~. The war ful nation, with new international interests Fascists were eliminated, and several in Europe and Asia that the Soviet Union and the United left power vacuums political opponents were murdered. fill to protect their military, economic, and political interests.
    [Show full text]
  • Churchill Masked for Victory
    CHURCHILL MASKED FOR VICTORY CHURCHILL AT CHARTWELL 2021 CATALOGUE . No. XL WORLD WAR II VINTAGE POSTCARD “LIFT UP YOUR HEARTS” (1941) $300 #13744 !is historic half-length formal portrait of the Prime Minister was taken by Walter Stoneman for J. Russell & Sons on April 1, 1941 in the Cabinet Room at Downing Street. !e lengthy caption quotes from Churchill’s legendary speech on June 12, 1941 to Allied Delegates assembled at St. James Palace and broadcast by the BBC. !e postcard, manufactured by Raphael Tuck & Sons Ltd. [England], measures 3 3/8 x 5 3/8 inches and is in very good condition, with some very faint foxing. !e verso is unused postally and unmarked. It has been quite a year. Wearing a mask at least made it survivable. And so, with our 2021 catalogue, let us celebrate masks. Our annual offering of every book that Winston Churchill wrote in first edition this year includes a significant number that come “masked,” in the sense that they are protectively (and often elaborately) slipcased, boxed or encased in leather. Please enjoy them safely. Stay well and, for now…masked. With our best wishes, Chartwell Booksellers NEW NEW NEW Britain at Bay !e Daughters of Yalta !e Churchill Complex by Alan Allport by Catherine Grace Katz by Ian Buruma $35.00 #209942 $28.00 #209876 $27.00 #209881 Signed copies available Churchill Style Churchill !e Art of Being !e Splendid and the Vile Walking With Destiny Winston Churchill by Erik Larson by Andrew Roberts $32.00 #209610 by Barry Singer $40.00 #207852 Signed copies available $24.95 #18382 Signed copies available Signed copies available CHURCHILL MASKED FOR VICTORY 1 THE STORY OF THE MALAKAND FIELD FORCE 1898 Churchill’s first book: true-life military adventures drawn from newspaper despatches filed by the 22-year-old correspondent while serving on India’s Afghanistan-bordering North- west Frontier under Major-General Sir Bindon Blood.
    [Show full text]
  • The Seven Lives of Winston Spencer Churchill by Joseph C
    Torch Magazine • Winter 2017 The Seven Lives of Winston Spencer Churchill By Joseph C. Huber, Jr. I first encountered Winston Churchill * * * nearly sixty years ago in the six volumes The first additional life was the most of his Marlborough, the biography of unusual one, for an author, of his ancestor John Churchill, First professional soldiering. Not considered Duke of Marlborough, for whom the smart enough for Oxford or grateful Queen Anne commissioned Cambridge, he graduated (after some the construction of magnificent Blen- difficulty with the entrance exams) heim Palace, named for his great 1704 from England’s military school, victory in the War of the Spanish Sandhurst, and joined the cavalry, in Succession. which he fought, was shot at by, and probably killed enemy soldiers on four Joseph C. Huber, Jr. John’s diplomacy with a fragmented continents. coalition army, his logistics innovations, Home schooled on an isolated Philippine rubber plantation (less 31 and his series of successful battles Fighting in Cuba before America’s months a Japanese prisoner) and graduate against France put England in first “little war” and later in what was then of a rural Ohio high school, Joseph C. place in Europe; Winston’s command northern India, he supported himself Huber, Jr., earned an SBEE and an SMEE of the English language, inventive use in the style he wished by writing at MIT in electromagnetic waves. of words, lucid and succinct narrative, newspaper articles and successful For 50 years he created designs, and fascinating content were irresistible. books on the wars. received patents and led programs to keep the Cold War cold, drugs out of the US, and Though not the overwhelming best- soldiers safe in the War on Terror.
    [Show full text]
  • Winston Churchill's the Second World War: Metanarrative, Markets, and the Politics of Memory
    WINSTON CHURCHILL'S THE SECOND WORLD WAR: METANARRATIVE, MARKETS, AND THE POLITICS OF MEMORY By DAVID J. GOSSEN B.A., The University of Lethbridge, 1979 L.L.B., The University of Victoria, 1982 M.A., The University of British Columbia, 1994 A THESIS SUBMITTED LN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES (Department of History) We accept this thesis as conforming 4p the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA April 2001 © David James Gossen, 2001 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the head of my department or by his or her representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Department The University of British Columbia Vancouver, Canada DE-6 (2/88) 11 ABSTRACT The potency of memoirs to shape collective memory makes it important to seek a critical understanding of their political and historical functions. Memoirs offer insights into the character, motives, and influence of political leaders, yet many scholars question this genre's ability to produce accurate history, insightful political analysis, or literature of merit. However, to the extent that memoirs contribute to our knowledge and understanding of the past they deserve closer study. Memoirs mediate remembrance of the recent past by functioning primarily in the interval between contemporary political discourse and professional historiography, where their reception molds historical memory.
    [Show full text]
  • CHURCHILL Churchill a PROFILE
    CHURCHILL Churchill A PROFILE Edited by Peter Stansky WORLD PROFILES General Editor: Aida DiPace Donald MACMILLAN ISBN 978-1-349-01233-6 ISBN 978-1-349-01231-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-01231-2 COPYRIGHT @ I973 BY PETER STANSKY SOITCOVER REPRINT OF THE HARDCOVER 1ST EDITION 1973 978-0-333-12690-5 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISHED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 1973 FIRST PUBLISHED IN THE UNITED KINGDOM 1973 BY THE MACMILLAN PRESS LTD LONDON AND BASINGSTOKE ASSOCIATED COMPANIES IN NEW YORK TORONTO DUBLIN MELBOURNE JOHANNESBURG AND MADRAS SBN 333 12690 4 I am grateful to the friends and colleagues who have taken the time to discuss with me writings about Churchill. I would like particularly to mention my deep gratitude for the suggestions of A. F. Thompson, Shirley Hazzard, Paul Guinn, and of the editor of the series, Aida DiPace Donald. -PETER STANSKY Contents Introduction vii Winston Churc·hill, 1874-1965 XV PART ONE Young Churchill 3 JOHN GIBSON LOCKHART The Youngest Man in Europe: Churchill at Twenty-four 17 G. W. STEEVENS At the Colonial Office, 1905-8 21 RONALD HYAM Historian of the Great War 36 PETER WRIGHT Genius Without Judgment: Churchill at Fifty 48 A. G. GARDINER The Family Man and Writer in the 1930s 54 ROBERT RHODES JAMES A Man of First Principles: Churchill in 1940 67 ISAIAH BERLIN v vi CONTENTS Churchill in War 91 B. H. LIDDELL HART Churchill as Prime Minister no JOHN COLVILLE In Parliament After the War 152 WOODROW WYATT PART TWO The Power Politician and Counterrevolutionary 173 ARNO J• MAYER Churchill on Balance x88 CLEMENT ATTLEE Churchill: A Minority View 207 GORONWY REES The Inner Man 222 ANTHONY STORR Bibliographical Note 263 Contributors 267 Introduction N MARCH, 1965, the American periodical The Atlantic I Monthly dedicated a special number to Churchill under the heading: "The Greatest Englishman." The exaggeration is under­ standable, coming only a few months after his death.
    [Show full text]
  • The Anglo-American ‘Special Relationship’ During the Second World War: a Selective Guide to Materials in the British Library
    THE BRITISH LIBRARY THE ANGLO-AMERICAN ‘SPECIAL RELATIONSHIP’ DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR: A SELECTIVE GUIDE TO MATERIALS IN THE BRITISH LIBRARY by ANNE SHARP WELLS THE ECCLES CENTRE FOR AMERICAN STUDIES INTRODUCTION I. BIBLIOGRAPHIES, REFERENCE WORKS AND GENERAL STUDIES A. BIBLIOGRAPHICAL WORKS B. BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARIES C. ATLASES D. REFERENCE WORKS E. GENERAL STUDIES II. ANGLO-AMERICAN RELATIONSHIP A. GENERAL WORKS B. CHURCHILL AND ROOSEVELT [SEE ALSO III.B.2. WINSTON S. CHURCHILL; IV.B.1. FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT] C. CONFERENCES AND DECLARATIONS D. MILITARY 1. GENERAL WORKS 2. LEND-LEASE AND LOGISTICS 3. STRATEGY E. INTELLIGENCE F. ECONOMY AND RAW MATERIALS G. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 1. GENERAL STUDIES 2. ATOMIC ENERGY H. PUBLIC OPINION, PROPAGANDA AND MEDIA I. HOLOCAUST [SEE ALSO VI.C. MIDDLE EAST] III. UNITED KINGDOM A. GENERAL WORKS B. PRIME MINISTERS 1. NEVILLE CHAMBERLAIN 2. WINSTON S. CHURCHILL [SEE ALSO II.B. CHURCHILL AND ROOSEVELT] 3. CLEMENT R. ATTLEE C. GOVERNMENT, EXCLUDING MILITARY 1. MISCELLANEOUS STUDIES 2. ANTHONY EDEN 3. PHILIP HENRY KERR (LORD LOTHIAN) 4. EDWARD FREDERICK LINDLEY WOOD (EARL OF HALIFAX) D. MILITARY IV. UNITED STATES A. GENERAL WORKS B. PRESIDENTS 1. FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT [SEE ALSO II.B. CHURCHILL AND ROOSEVELT] 2. HARRY S. TRUMAN C. GOVERNMENT, EXCLUDING MILITARY 1. MISCELLANEOUS WORKS 2. JAMES F. BYRNES 3. CORDELL HULL 4. W. AVERELL HARRIMAN 5. HARRY HOPKINS 6. JOSEPH P. KENNEDY 7. EDWARD R. STETTINIUS 8. SUMNER WELLES 9. JOHN G. WINANT D. MILITARY 1. GENERAL WORKS 2. CIVILIAN ADMINISTRATION 3. OFFICERS a. MISCELLANEOUS STUDIES b. GEORGE C. MARSHALL c. DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER E.
    [Show full text]
  • The Legislative Leadership Role, of the British
    THE LEGISLATIVE LEADERSHIP ROLE, OF THE BRITISH PRIME MINISTER by Chia-chin Hsieh I! Bachelor of Arts Tunghai University Taichung, Formosa 1959 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS May, 1964 OKLAHOMA ITATE UNIVER ~!BRARr JM j l9t>5 THE LEGISLATIVE LEADERSHIP ROLE OF THE BRITISH PRIME MINISTER Thesis Approved: ~/rP-7 /Cd_ Thesis Advisor 569616 ii PREFACE The British parliamentary-cabinet system, which is characterized by the fusion of executive and legislative powers, is one of the two most imitated models in the contemporary world. It has produced a responsible type of legislative leadership in which the concentration of authority has been balanced by obligations of political accountability. The Prime Minister, in assuming the leadership of the Government and the House of Commons, must politically render an account of his public mandate to his party, to the House of Commons, and to the electorate. For the past three hundred years, the Prime Minister has gradually usurped the exercise of almost the totality of the formal constitutional powers still nominally vested in the Sovereign and in Parliament. Commencing from rather humble status as chief advisor to the monarchy and then undergoing transformation into the parliamentary agent and custodian over the Monarch, the Prime Minister has become the kingpin of the Government and Parliament. This transformation of the Prime Minister from the position of servant of the Crown and Parliament into master of both is the consequence of the formation of well-disciplined and highly-centralized political parties in Great Britain.
    [Show full text]
  • Was Winston Churchill Really "Strongly in Favor of Using Poisoned Gas Against Uncivilized Tribes?”
    Was Winston Churchill really "strongly in favor of using poisoned gas against uncivilized tribes?” On April 27, 2004, Finest Hour Senior Editor Paul Courtenay advised us of a rather vicious piece in the latest Spectator (April 24, 2004), headed “CHURCHILL FOR DUMMIES - Winston S. Churchill is the hero of George W. Bush and the Neocons”. Says Michael Lind, the author, they know very little about the great wartime leader - if they did, they'd be horrified. Michael Lind is the Whitehead Senior Fellow at the New America Foundation in Washington DC, and author of "Made in Texas: George W. Bush and the Southern Takeover of American Politics". One rather snide remark is: "............an essay by one Larry Arn, a frequent contributor [to 'Weekly Standard'] who is an academic adviser to something called the International Churchill Society." * * * * * Finest Hour immediately penned the following Letter To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR: Michael Lind’s “Churchill for Dummies” (24 April) contains much that is trite and much that is true, as Arthur Balfour once said of a speech by Churchill: “The problem is that what¹s true is trite, and what¹s not trite is not true.” 1) There is no doubt that American “neocons” who worship Churchill would praise him less if they knew more about him. (Had he a vote, e.g., he would have voted for the Democrat in the last eleven U.S. Presidential elections of his lifetime!) But this is hardly news to anyone who has put a modicum of study into the Churchill persona. 2) “Something called the International Churchill Society” changed its name to “The Churchill Centre” nine years ago, better to reflect its mission: which is not to worship at the shrine, but to look at Churchill “in the round,” as Professor John Ramsden of Queen Mary College put it, “including listening to some pretty tough papers on the subject.” Our academic advisers range from Larry Arnn (not “Arn”) on the Right to Warren Kimball on the Left.
    [Show full text]
  • The Power of Words
    INDEX Compiled by Sir Martin Gilbert Abrial, Admiral: at Dunkirk ancient Rome: 66, 163; wisdom of, (1940), 362 573 Abyssinia: 445, 447 Anderson, Sir John: illus. 39 Achilles, HMS: 352 Anderson, Lieutenant-General Aden: 295 Kenneth: illus. 33 Adriatic Sea: 533, 535 Anglo-American armies (1942–5), ‘Advance Britannia’: 503 ‘comradeship and Afghanistan: 54–5 brotherhood’ of: 514 Agadir (Morocco): 141, 170, 231 Anglo-Boer War (1899–1901): 67; air power: 196–7, 218, 293–4, 296, Churchill’s speeches on, 302, 304, 305, 311; in Second 91–102, 103; recalled, 355 World War, 370, 385–6, 391–2 Anglo-French War Council air warfare: 241, 293–4 (1939–40): 360; illus. 23 Aisne River (France): 361 Anglo-Saxon unity: 561 Ajax, HMS: 351, 353 anglophobia, and de Gaulle: 470 Akhund of Swat: 64 anthrax, and war: 268–9 Alamein, Battle of (1942): 471–2, Anti-U-boat Committee (1942): 512, 513, 529 441–2 Albania: Italian invasion of (April Antwerp: 152 1939), 322 Anzac Cove (Gallipoli): 180–1 Albert Hall (London): 467 appeasement: 301–2, 314, 536, Alexander, Field Marshal: 512, 513 572–3 Alexandria (Egypt): 374–5, 471, Arabia: ‘legends of ’, 293 499, 509 Arctic Circle: 348 Alsace: 230, 543 Arctic convoys: 454–5, 513 Ambeyla (North-West Frontier): ‘Are we up or down? (15 February 55 1942): 445 Amiens: 214 Argentia (Newfoundland): 499 American Civil War: 346, 423 Argonne (Western Front): 232 American Constitution: 330 Ark Royal, HMS: attacked, 334; in American Museum (Bath): 50 action off Oran, 378 Amery, L. S.: 37–8 Armentières (Western Front): 232 Amritsar, massacre at (1919): Armistice Day (11 November 238–40 1918): 221–4 657 INDEX Arras (Western Front): 198 ‘Backs to the Wall’ communiqué Arromanches (Normandy): 482, (Field Marshal Haig): 203–4 483 Baghdad: 55, 603 Artois (Western Front): 232 Bahamas: 282 Aruba (Dutch West Indies): 440 Balaclava (Crimean War): 557 Ascot: 34 Baldwin, Stanley: 258–9, 262, 269, Asquith, H.
    [Show full text]