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Keanekaragaman Jenis Ikan Di Sungai Barumun Kabupaten Labuhanbatu Provinsi Sumatera Utara

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Keanekaragaman Jenis Ikan Di Sungai Barumun Kabupaten Labuhanbatu Provinsi Sumatera Utara KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS IKAN DI SUNGAI BARUMUN KABUPATEN LABUHANBATU PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA SKRIPSI WINDI ULVIKA 160302018 PROGRAM STUDI MANAJEMEN SUMBERDAYA PERAIRAN FAKULTAS PERTANIAN UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2021 Universitas Sumatera Utara KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS IKAN DI SUNGAI BARUMUN KABUPATEN LABUHANBATU PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA SKRIPSI WINDI ULVIKA 160302018 Skripsi Sebagai Salah Satu Diantara Beberapa Syarat untuk Dapat Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana di Program Studi Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan PROGRAM STUDI MANAJEMEN SUMBERDAYA PERAIRAN FAKULTAS PERTANIAN UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2021 Universitas Sumatera Utara PERNYATAAN MENGENAI SKRIPSI DAN SUMBER INFORMASI Saya yang bertanda tangan dibawah ini : Nama : Windi Ulvika NIM : 160302018 Menyatakan bahwa skripsi yang berjudul “Keanekaragaman Jenis Ikan di Sungai Barumun Kabupaten Labuhanbatu Provinsi Sumatera Utara” adalah benar merupakan hasil karya sendiri dan belum pernah diajukan dalam bentuk apapun kepada perguruan tinggi manapun. Semua sumber data dan informasi yang berasal atau dikutip dari karya yang diterbitkan maupun tidak diterbitkan dari penulis ini telah disebutkan dalam teks dan dicantumkan dalam Daftar Pustaka di bagian akhir skripsi ini. Medan, Juli 2021 Windi Ulvika Universitas Sumatera Utara Universitas Sumatera Utara ABSTRAK WINDI ULVIKA. Keanekaragaman Jenis Ikan di Sungai Barumun Kabupaten Labuhanbatu Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Dibimbing Oleh RUSDI LEYDONALD, SP, M.Sc. Sungai Barumun mengalir di sepanjang wilayah Kecamatan Panai Hulu Kabupaten Labuhan Batu. Sungai Barumun merupakan sungai besar dengan lebar antara 750 m - 1050 m, dengan sungai kecil sebagai anak sungai/cabang dan terdapat berbagai jenis biota perairan yang beragam, diantaranya yaitu berbagi jenis ikan hasil tangkapan nelayan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Oktober hingga November 2020. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui keanekaragaman ikan dan parameter kualitas air yang mempengaruhi keanekaragaman ikan di sungai tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penentuan Stasiun sampling dalam penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling dengan penangkapan ikan menggunakan alat tangkap jaring insang (gill net). Keanekaragaman ikan dinilai berdasarkan pada komposisi jenis ikan dan beberapa indeks diversitas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan jumlah total ikan yang diperoleh yaitu 368 individu terdiri dari 6 famili dan 8 spesies. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman (H’) berkisar (1,31-1,82), keseragaman (E) berkisar (0,81-0,93), dan indeks dominansi (C) berkisar (0,17-0,32). Hubungan parameter kualitas air berdasarkan analisis PCA di sungai Barumun Kabupaten Labuhanbatu seperti N- total, P-total dan kecerahan, berkorelasi negatif dengan keanekaragaman ikan. Sedangkan suhu, salinitas, pH dan DO menunjukkan korelasi yang positif dengan keanekaragaman ikan. Kata Kunci: Sungai Barumun, Keanekaragaman, Kualitas Air i Universitas Sumatera Utara ABSTRACT WINDI ULVIKA. Diversity of Fish in Barumun River, Labuhanbatu Regency, North Sumatra Province. Supervised by RUSDI LEYDONALD, SP, M.Sc. The Barumun River flows along the Panai Hulu Subdistrict, Labuhan Batu Regency. The Barumun River is a large river with a width of between 750 m - 1050 m, with a small river as a tributary / branch and there are various types of various aquatic biota, including various types of fish caught by fishermen. This research was conducted from October to November 2020. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of fish and water quality parameters that affect the diversity of fish in the river. The method used in the determination of the sampling stations in this research is purposive sampling by fishing using gill net fishing gear (gillnet). Fish diversity is assessed based on the composition of fish species and several diversity indices. The results of this study indicated that the total number of fish obtained was 368 individuals consisting of 6 families and 8 species. The diversity index value (H') ranged (1.31-1.82), the uniformity (E) ranged (0.81-0.93), and the dominance index (C) ranged (0.17-0.32). The relationship between water quality parameters based on PCA analysis in the Barumun river, Labuhanbatu Regency, such as N-total, P-total and brightness, has a negative correlation with fish diversity. Meanwhile, temperature, salinity, pH and DO show a positive correlation with fish diversity. Keywords: Barumun River, Diversity, Water Quality ii Universitas Sumatera Utara RIWAYAT HIDUP Penulis lahir di Perdagangan pada tanggal 24 Maret 1998 dari Ayahanda Katiyo dan Ibunda Ervina. Penulis merupakan anak pertama dari tiga bersaudara. Pendidikan formal penulis ditempuh di SD Negeri 118161 Kampung IX (2004-2010), pendidikan menengah pertama di MTs Swasta Al-ittihad Aek Nabara (2010-2013) dan pendidikan menengah atas di SMA Negeri 1 Bilah Hulu (2013-2016). Penulis melanjutkan pendidikan S1 di Universitas Sumatera Utara melalui Jalur Seleksi Nasional Masuk Perguruan Tinggi Negeri (SNMPTN) dengan Program Studi Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan pada tahun 2016. Penulis melaksanakan Kuliah Kerja Nyata Pembelajaran Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (KKN PPM) Reguler pada tahun 2019 yang ditempatkan di Kelurahan Mandailing, Kabupaten Tebing Tinggi. Kemudian pada tahun 2020, penulis mengikuti Praktik Kerja Lapangan (PKL) di Balai Benih Ikan Kota Binjai. Selain mengikuti perkuliahan penulis juga menjadi asisten Laboratorium Dasar Teknologi Hasil Perairan pada tahun 2018-2019. Penulis juga menjadi asisten Laboratorium Pencemaran Perairan pada tahun 2018-2019. iii Universitas Sumatera Utara KATA PENGANTAR Puji syukur penulis panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT atas berkat, rahmat, taufik dan hidayah-Nya, penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi yang berjudul “Keanekaragaman Jenis Ikan di Sungai Barumun Kabupaten Labuhanbatu Provinsi Sumatera Utara”. Skripsi ini disusun sebagai syarat untuk mendapatkan gelar Sarjana Perikanan pada Program Studi Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sumatera Utara. Penulis mengucapkan terimakasih sebesar-besarnya kepada: 1. Allah SWT yang telah meridhai dalam menyelesaikan skripsi 2. Ayahanda dan Ibunda yang telah memberikan dukungan semangat, doa, moril dan materil kepada penulis 3. Ibu Dr. Eri Yusni, M. Sc selaku Ketua Program Studi Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan dan Bapak Rizky Febriansyah Siregar, S. Pi, M. Si selaku Sekretaris Program Studi Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan. 4. Bapak Rusdi Leidonald, S.P, M.Sc selaku dosen pembimbing yang telah membimbing, memberi arahan berharga dan motivasi kepada penulis dalam pengerjaan skripsi ini. 5. Ibu Amanatul Fadhilah, S.Pi, M.Si dan Bapak Zulham Apandy Harahap, S.Kel., M.Si sebagai dosen penguji yang telah memberikan masukan dan arahan kepada penulis. 6. Bapak dan Ibu dosen, staf pengajar dan pegawai di lingkungan Program Studi Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara. iv Universitas Sumatera Utara 7. Seluruh Keluarga besar yang telah memberi dukungan semangat, doa, moril dan materil kepada penulis. 8. Sahabat tersayang yaitu Siti Ramadhani, Rika Ramadana, Yati, Novia Siti Aisyah, Rizky Yonanda Lubis, Fathur Rahman Ash Shadiq, M. Hafiz Farhan, Kristiando Siahaan dan Bima Satria Purba yang telah memberi dukungan semangat dan doa kepada penulis. 9. Seluruh teman-teman seperjuangan angkatan 2016 Program Studi Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan yang telah memberi dukungan semangat dan doa kepada penulis. 10. Bapak Yunus selaku nelayan yang telah membantu penulis selama melakukan penelitian. Akhir kata, penulis berharap semoga skripsi ini dapat bermanfaat sebagai dasar penelitian selanjutnya dan dapat menjadi sumber informasi bagi pihak yang membutuhkan, khususnya dibidang kelautan dan perikanan. Medan, Juli 2021 Penulis v Universitas Sumatera Utara DAFTAR ISI Halaman ABSTRAK ................................................................................................. i ABSTRACT ............................................................................................... ii RIWAYAT HIDUP ................................................................................... iii KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................... iv DAFTAR ISI .............................................................................................. vi DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................ ix DAFTAR TABEL ..................................................................................... x DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ............................................................................. xi PENDAHULUAN Latar Belakang .................................................................................. 1 Rumusan Masalah .............................................................................. 2 Kerangka Pemikiran .......................................................................... 2 Tujuan Penelitian ............................................................................... 3 Manfaat Penelitian ............................................................................. 3 TINJAUAN PUSTAKA Ikan .................................................................................................... 4 Habitat Ikan ....................................................................................... 5 Ekosistem Sungai............................................................................... 6 Parameter Fisika Kimia Perairan ......................................................
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