Die Geschichte Der Betriebssysteme
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802.11N Support in Freebsd (For the Run(4) Driver)
802.11n support in FreeBSD (for the run(4) driver) 15412 F’19 1 / 15 Motivation ● “Do something with operating systems” – OS Junkie: Ubuntu → Fedora → Arch Linux → Gentoo → FreeBSD ● Do something for the community – So much free (not free as in free beer) software out there for use – Time to give something back! ● Faster WiFi doesn’t hurt – Makes FreeBSD more usable ● Less angry users: “But this works on Lunix!” 2 / 15 FreeBSD ● Open source, UNIX ● Official webpage: freebsd.org ● Large, helpful community – IRC Channels on Freenode (#freebsd) – Forums (forums.freebsd.org) – Mailing lists (lists.freebsd.org) ● Latest Release: FreeBSD 12 (2018) 3 / 15 802.11 ● IEEE 802.11: Standard for WiFi – 802.11b: 2.4GHz, Max rate 11 Mbps, range 150 ft., Year 1999 – 802.11g: 2.4 GHz, Max rate 54 Mbps, range 150 ft., Year 2003 – 802.11n: 2.4GHz or 5 GHz, Max rate 300 Mbps (single antenna), 450 Mbps (MIMO), range 175 ft., Year 2009 4 / 15 Ralink ● Produces WiFi chips – See https://wikidevi.com/wiki/Ralink for list of chips ● Linux driver: rt2800usb (USB Ralink 802.11n devices) ( https://wiki.debian.org/rt2800usb). ● FreeBSD driver: run (see https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?run(4) ) – Caveats : “The run driver does not support any of the 802.11n capabilities offered by the RT2800, RT3000 and RT3900 chipsets.“ 5 / 15 Existing code base ● The run driver supports several chipsets and adapters (such as ASUS USB N-66) but without support for 802.11n – This means reduced speeds – This means it will misbehave when you turn on your microwave ● run(4) also has annoying ‘device timeout’ errors where the card stops responding. -
BSD Comparé À Linux
BSD comparé à Linux S. Elipot <[email protected]> E. Dreyfus <[email protected]> Avril 2005 S. Elipot, E. Dreyfus BSD comparé à Linux Tux & BSD daemon S. Elipot, E. Dreyfus BSD comparé à Linux Généalogie AT&T Unix BSD System V Linux Darwin/OSX *BSD S. Elipot, E. Dreyfus BSD comparé à Linux 3 sources, 3 définitions Trois sources donc trois types de comportement possibles AT&T (System V) GNU Linux BSD (NetBSD, FreeBSD, OpenBSD, DragonflyBSD, Darwin) Trois définitions possibles d’Unix et Unix-like Généalogique : SystemV et BSD sont des Unix, Linux est un Unix-like Marque Unix (certification de l’OpenGroup) : BSD et Linux sont des Unix-like Familiale : pas de distinction entre Unix et Unix-like S. Elipot, E. Dreyfus BSD comparé à Linux NetBSD Objectif : portabilité et conception soignée Plus de 50 plateformes supportées (PC, Mac, PDA, stations Sun, HP, IBM, SGI, consoles de jeux, systèmes embarqués Drivers indépendants de la plateforme, système de cross-compilation Compatibilité ascendante Système léger et administrateur-friendly plutôt que user-friendly S. Elipot, E. Dreyfus BSD comparé à Linux FreeBSD Concentré sur l’architecture PC Ports sur autres architectures performantes (Alpha, IA64, AMD64, sparc64) Beaucoup de paquetages et de contributeurs de paquetages Très utilisé et apprécié comme serveur Egalement plus administrateur-friendly que user-friendly S. Elipot, E. Dreyfus BSD comparé à Linux OpenBSD Séparation de NetBSD en 1994, suite à des conflits internes Orientation sécurité Outils de cryptographie exportables (obsolètes) Audit du code Bon système de recherche : innovations en sécurité (OpenSSH, systrace. ) Les bonnes idées et les corrections de bugs sont repris par les autres Probablement plus difficile que NetBSD et FreeBSD pour la production (équipe plus réduite, moins de paquetages) S. -
Ebook - Informations About Operating Systems Version: August 15, 2006 | Download
eBook - Informations about Operating Systems Version: August 15, 2006 | Download: www.operating-system.org AIX Internet: AIX AmigaOS Internet: AmigaOS AtheOS Internet: AtheOS BeIA Internet: BeIA BeOS Internet: BeOS BSDi Internet: BSDi CP/M Internet: CP/M Darwin Internet: Darwin EPOC Internet: EPOC FreeBSD Internet: FreeBSD HP-UX Internet: HP-UX Hurd Internet: Hurd Inferno Internet: Inferno IRIX Internet: IRIX JavaOS Internet: JavaOS LFS Internet: LFS Linspire Internet: Linspire Linux Internet: Linux MacOS Internet: MacOS Minix Internet: Minix MorphOS Internet: MorphOS MS-DOS Internet: MS-DOS MVS Internet: MVS NetBSD Internet: NetBSD NetWare Internet: NetWare Newdeal Internet: Newdeal NEXTSTEP Internet: NEXTSTEP OpenBSD Internet: OpenBSD OS/2 Internet: OS/2 Further operating systems Internet: Further operating systems PalmOS Internet: PalmOS Plan9 Internet: Plan9 QNX Internet: QNX RiscOS Internet: RiscOS Solaris Internet: Solaris SuSE Linux Internet: SuSE Linux Unicos Internet: Unicos Unix Internet: Unix Unixware Internet: Unixware Windows 2000 Internet: Windows 2000 Windows 3.11 Internet: Windows 3.11 Windows 95 Internet: Windows 95 Windows 98 Internet: Windows 98 Windows CE Internet: Windows CE Windows Family Internet: Windows Family Windows ME Internet: Windows ME Seite 1 von 138 eBook - Informations about Operating Systems Version: August 15, 2006 | Download: www.operating-system.org Windows NT 3.1 Internet: Windows NT 3.1 Windows NT 4.0 Internet: Windows NT 4.0 Windows Server 2003 Internet: Windows Server 2003 Windows Vista Internet: Windows Vista Windows XP Internet: Windows XP Apple - Company Internet: Apple - Company AT&T - Company Internet: AT&T - Company Be Inc. - Company Internet: Be Inc. - Company BSD Family Internet: BSD Family Cray Inc. -
Absolute BSD—The Ultimate Guide to Freebsd Table of Contents Absolute BSD—The Ultimate Guide to Freebsd
Absolute BSD—The Ultimate Guide to FreeBSD Table of Contents Absolute BSD—The Ultimate Guide to FreeBSD............................................................................1 Dedication..........................................................................................................................................3 Foreword............................................................................................................................................4 Introduction........................................................................................................................................5 What Is FreeBSD?...................................................................................................................5 How Did FreeBSD Get Here?..................................................................................................5 The BSD License: BSD Goes Public.......................................................................................6 The Birth of Modern FreeBSD.................................................................................................6 FreeBSD Development............................................................................................................7 Committers.........................................................................................................................7 Contributors........................................................................................................................8 Users..................................................................................................................................8 -
Filesystems HOWTO Filesystems HOWTO Table of Contents Filesystems HOWTO
Filesystems HOWTO Filesystems HOWTO Table of Contents Filesystems HOWTO..........................................................................................................................................1 Martin Hinner < [email protected]>, http://martin.hinner.info............................................................1 1. Introduction..........................................................................................................................................1 2. Volumes...............................................................................................................................................1 3. DOS FAT 12/16/32, VFAT.................................................................................................................2 4. High Performance FileSystem (HPFS)................................................................................................2 5. New Technology FileSystem (NTFS).................................................................................................2 6. Extended filesystems (Ext, Ext2, Ext3)...............................................................................................2 7. Macintosh Hierarchical Filesystem − HFS..........................................................................................3 8. ISO 9660 − CD−ROM filesystem.......................................................................................................3 9. Other filesystems.................................................................................................................................3 -
The Complete Freebsd
The Complete FreeBSD® If you find errors in this book, please report them to Greg Lehey <grog@Free- BSD.org> for inclusion in the errata list. The Complete FreeBSD® Fourth Edition Tenth anniversary version, 24 February 2006 Greg Lehey The Complete FreeBSD® by Greg Lehey <[email protected]> Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1999, 2002, 2003, 2006 by Greg Lehey. This book is licensed under the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.5” license. The full text is located at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/legalcode. You are free: • to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work • to make derivative works under the following conditions: • Attribution. You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor. • Noncommercial. You may not use this work for commercial purposes. This clause is modified from the original by the provision: You may use this book for commercial purposes if you pay me the sum of USD 20 per copy printed (whether sold or not). You must also agree to allow inspection of printing records and other material necessary to confirm the royalty sums. The purpose of this clause is to make it attractive to negotiate sensible royalties before printing. • Share Alike. If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under a license identical to this one. • For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work. • Any of these conditions can be waived if you get permission from the copyright holder. Your fair use and other rights are in no way affected by the above. -
Introduction to the Linux Kernel: Challenges and Case Studies
Introduction to the Linux kernel: challenges and case studies Juan Carlos Sáez Alcaide Department of Computer Architecture and Automation ArTeCS Group Complutense University of Madrid IV Semana de la Informática 2018 Feb 8, 2018 About Me Juan Carlos Sáez Alcaide ([email protected]) Interim Associate Professor, UCM Department of Computer Architecture and Automation Teaching: Operating Systems, Linux and Android Internals,… Member of the ArTeCS Research Group High Performance Computing Computer Architecture Interaction between system software and architecture … UCM Campus Representative of the USENIX Int’l Association Login (USENIX Magazine) IV Semana de la Informática 2018 - 2 Outline 1 Introduction 2 Main Features 3 Kernel Control Paths and Concurrency 4 Common Kernel abstractions 5 A case study: PMCTrack tool IV Semana de la Informática 2018 - 3 Outline 1 Introduction 2 Main Features 3 Kernel Control Paths and Concurrency 4 Common Kernel abstractions 5 A case study: PMCTrack tool IV Semana de la Informática 2018 - 4 Unix (I) Unics – Unix (1969) Created by Ken Thompson and rewrit- ten in “C” by Dennis Ritchie (1973) V6 (1975): Public source code (AT&T license) BSD distributions (Billy Joy) John Lion’s book on UNIX V6 Keys to success 1 Inexpensive license 2 Source code available 3 Code was simple and easy to modify 4 Ran on modest HW IV Semana de la Informática 2018 - 5 Unix (II) Unix (Cont.) V7 (1979): code can be no longer used for academic purposes Xenix (1980) Microsoft SCO Unix System III (1982) Unix System V (1983) HP-UX, IBM’s AIX, Sun’s Solaris IV Semana de la Informática 2018 - 6 Unix (III) Proyecto GNU (1983) - Richard Stallman SO GNU: Emacs, GNU compiler collection (GCC), GNU Hurd (kernel) Minix v1 (1987) - Andrew Tanenbaum Richard Stallman Minimal Unix-like OS (Unix clone) Teaching purposes. -
The GNU Hurd
The GNU Hurd [Extended Abstract] Gael¨ Le Mignot ABSTRACT speak of, say, storage devices, there are IDE disks, This is an abstract of the talk given at LSM 2005, about the SCSI disks, floppy disks, tapes, USB devices, FireWire GNU Hurd, its goals, its design, its features and its relation- devices, parallel port devices, ... should every program ship with the GNU project. This is a general presentation know how to put into motion the floppy disk engine ? of the GNU Hurd, mostly on technical aspects. Providing an hardware abstraction layer is one of the major goals of operating systems. 1. INTRODUCTION Resource sharing. Resources on a computer are limited. 1.1 What is an operating system ? Be it main memory, CPU power, hard disk storage, 1.1.1 Historical point of view screen area, networking connection, or sound output, The first computers were so expensive that only one existed those resources must be controlled by a supervisor pro- for a whole university or research department; and so slow gram, allowing each of the programs to access to a part that it was unthinkable to interact with it in real time. This of it as needed. was the era of batch processing, when programmers cre- ated self-running programs called “batch”. Those programs Security infrastructure. All modern operating systems usually took several hours to run, printing huge listing as can enforce several kinds of security. Security can be output. Programs were run one after the other. used to prevent a user from accessing confidential or private data of another user, to prevent accidental re- Then, computers became more efficient. -
01.Covers Copy
THE MAGAZINE OF USENIX & SAGE June 2002 volume 27 • number 3 inside: USENIX NEWS & The Advanced Computing Systems Association & The System Administrators Guild news USENIX MEMBER BENEFITS the standard to which we now have to As a member of the USENIX Association, And So It Goes perform. you receive the following benefits: In the meantime, the latency between FREE SUBSCRIPTION TO ;login:, the Association’s by Daniel Geer magazine, published seven times a year, invention and exploitation is shrinking – President, USENIX which fundamentally is a good thing in featuring technical articles, system adminis- Board of Directors tration articles, tips and techniques, practical the bigger scheme of things. The human columns on security, Tcl, Perl, Java, and dynamics of scheduling new workshops operating systems, book and software around emerging topics and disciplines reviews, summaries of sessions at USENIX conferences, and reports on various stan- (which is exactly where we can do the dards activities. most good) are such that USENIX pretty ACCESS TO ;login: online from October 1997 much cannot get anything effective done to last month www.usenix.org/ [email protected] in under 9-12 months despite the fact publications/login/login.html. that, just as in business, there is a really ACCESS TO PAPERS from the USENIX Confer- substantial and growing first mover A little like writing your own obituary, ences online starting with 1993 advantage to that professional society this is my last column as President of www.usenix.org/publications/library/ that best calls trends right, that has the index.html. USENIX. We have term limits here and, first meeting on a new topic at exactly THE RIGHT TO VOTE on matters affecting the all in all, that is a good thing. -
Virtualization on the Hurd
Virtualization on the Hurd Justus Winter <[email protected]> 2017-02-04 Justus Winter <[email protected]> Virtualization on the Hurd 2017-02-04 1 / 12 What is the Hurd, and why should I care? general-purpose multiserver operating system GNU: replacement for traditional OS kernel that didn’t happen. me: an independent long-term research project it exists and is highly compatible (glibc, Debian/Hurd) learn systems programming learn to contribute to (GNU) projects free ones mind from narrow definitions of what an OS can do and be Freedom #0: The freedom to run the program as you wish, for any purpose. Justus Winter <[email protected]> Virtualization on the Hurd 2017-02-04 2 / 12 Virtualization virtualization is everywhere, and not going away anytime soon different goals ease management (teh cloud) increase isolation development testing granularity coarse-grained (bochs, qemu, . ) somewhere in between ({LD_LIBRARY_,}PATH) fine-grained (LD_PRELOAD trickery) Renzo Davoli’s definition Virtualization is the ability to replace / interpose a resource. My definition Virtualization is the ability to freely shape the computation environment. Justus Winter <[email protected]> Virtualization on the Hurd 2017-02-04 3 / 12 Subhurds: coarse-grained virtualization one kernel, multiple logical systems a bit like containers, zones, jails, . tricky to do on monolithic systems a decade of getting namespaces right in Linux next to trivial on multiservers Booting a Subhurd $ boot /dev/sd1s1 /hurd/ext2fs.static --readonly[...] -T device pseudo-root /lib/ld.so /hurd/exec -
Bsdcon 2003 the Premier Conference for the BSD Community
Announcement and Call for Papers BSDCon 2003 The premier conference for the BSD community September 8-12, 2003, San Mateo Marriott, San Mateo, California http://www.usenix.org/events/bsdcon03/ Important Dates people of all experience levels to learn from BSD experts, profes- Refereed Paper abstracts due: April 1, 2003 sionals with real world experience, and industry leaders. Invited Talk proposals due: April 1, 2003 Technical Sessions, September 10-12, 2003 Notification to authors: May 12, 2003 Two and a half days of technical sessions feature refereed papers Camera-ready final papers due: July 8, 2003 and invited talks by community experts and leaders. Refereed Conference Organizers papers are from the community and can win cash and prizes. Program Chair Papers are published in the Proceedings which are provided to all Gregory Neil Shapiro, Sendmail, Inc. conference attendees. Refereed papers present problems and Program Committee solutions in all areas from kernel internals to real world practical Jason Evans, Apple Computer, Inc. experience. Sam Leffler, Errno Consulting BSDCon seeks refereed papers on topics related to BSD- Michael Lucas, FreeBSD Documentation Project derived systems and the Open Source world. Topics of interest Kostas Magoutis, Harvard University include but are not limited to: Todd C. Miller, OpenBSD I Embedded BSD application development and Donn M. Seeley, Wind River Systems deployment Bill Squier, NetBSD I Real world experiences using BSD systems Gregory Sutter, Daemon News I Using BSD in a mixed OS environment Robert Watson, NAI Labs, FreeBSD Project I Comparison with non-BSD operating systems; Christos Zoulas, NetBSD technical, practical, licensing (GPL vs. -
Final Year Project
Final Year Project Porting MINIX to Xen Name Ivan Kelly ID Number 0225991 Supervisor John Sturdy Course Computer Systems Submitted in part requirement for final year project course CS4618 to University of Limerick, Ireland on May 8, 2006 i Copyright c 2006, Ivan Kelly. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is available at http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl.html. Acknowledgements MINIX on Xen would not have been possible without the support of many people. I would like to thank the Xen Team, not only for creating Xen, but for providing support through IRC and email. Without the help of Mark Williamson and Keir Fraser in particular, this project would have never gotten off the ground. I would also like to thank Andrew S. Tanenbaum whose help in the early days of the project, helped me see what needed to be done. I would like to thank John Sturdy and Mel Gorman for talking me through many difficult problems during the implementation of MINIX on Xen. I would like to thank my friends and family for their support and my housemates for bring- ing me tea, and listening to my ranting. Lastly, I would like to thank Pili for her love and support, and for her willingness to endure hours of rants regarding GDTs and interrupt handlers.