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Turbocompound Reheat Gas Turbine Combined Cycle 2015
INFRASTRUCTURE MINING & METALS NUCLEAR, SECURITY & ENVIRONMENTAL OIL, GAS & CHEMICALS Turbocompound Reheat Gas Turbine Combined Cycle 2015 Turbocompound Reheat Gas Turbine Combined Cycle S. Can Gülen Mark S. Boulden Bechtel Infrastructure Power POWER-GEN INTERNATIONAL 2015 December 8 - 10, 2015 Las Vegas Convention Center Las Vegas, NV USA ABSTRACT This paper discusses a new power generation cycle based on the fundamental thermodynamic concepts of constant volume combustion and reheat. The turbo- compound reheat gas turbine combined cycle (TC-RHT GTCC) comprises three pieces of rotating equipment: A turbo-compressor and two prime movers, i.e., a reciprocating gas engine and an industrial (heavy duty) gas turbine. Ideally, the cycle is proposed as the foundation of a customized power plant design of a given size and performance by combining different prime movers with new "from the blank sheet" designs. Nevertheless, a compact power plant based on the TC-RHT cycle can also be constructed by combining off-the-shelf equipment with modifications for immediate implementation. The paper describes the underlying thermodynamic principles, representative cycle calculations and value proposition as well as requisite modifications to the existing hardware. The operational philosophy governing plant start-up, shut-down and loading is described in detail. Also included in the paper is a 110 MW reference power block concept with 57+% net efficiency. The concept has been developed using a pre-engineered standard block approach and is amenable to simple “module-by-module” construction including easy shipment of individual components. POWER-GEN INTERNATIONAL 2015 Page 1 OF 26 INTRODUCTION Brief History Internal combustion engines can be classified into two major categories based on the heat addition portion of their respective thermodynamic cycles: “constant volume” and “constant pressure” heat addition engines (cycles) [1]. -
1) Crate Late Model Engine Rules
1) Crate Late Model Engine Rules a) Engines (i) Gm part number 88958602 & gm part number 88958604 (ii) These engines are sealed at the intake manifold, cylinder head, front cover, and oil pan with special twist off bolt heads originally from gm. Crate USA seals allowed, no RM bolts, for any other sealing system contact Crate Racing USA for approval. Crate engines must not be altered, modified or changed from factory specs. (iii) The sealed engines must remain intact and not be tampered with; any seals that have been removed or tampered with will make the engine illegal and not eligible for competition. (iv) No changes are allowed to the engine - intake manifold, heads, valve covers, front cover, oil pan, harmonic balancer or any other part / or parts on / or in engine. (v) After much research Durrance Layne Dirt Late Model Series officials, along with GM Officials, have determined on some cases that original factory cylinder heads and valve springs do not meet the required correct install height. To correct this, shimming will be allowed to meet the correct install heights listed in the chart below. These updates will be published in a forthcoming version of the GM Technical/ Specification Manual. (vi) Valve Spring Specifications – New Description 88958602 88958603 88958604 Valve Spring P/N 10212811 12551483 12551483 Valve Spring P/N -set of 16 n/a 12495494 12495494 Diameter (+/- .010") (A) 1.250" 1.340" 1.340" Free Height (+/- .015") (B) 2.021" 2.154" 2.154" Installed Height (Ok to shim to proper height) (C) 1.70" 1.780" 1.780" Pressure @ Installed Height (+/- 5 lbs.) (D) 80 lbs. -
General Electric Company Turbofan Engines
50320 Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 2013 / Rules and Regulations 11. Markings and Placards— Vibration levels imposed on the DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Miscellaneous Markings and Placards— airframe can be mitigated to an Fuel, and Oil, Filler Openings acceptable level by utilization of Federal Aviation Administration (Compliance With § 23.1557(c)(1)(ii) isolators, damper clutches, and similar Requirements) provisions so that unacceptable 14 CFR Part 39 Instead of compliance with vibration levels are not imposed on the [Docket No. FAA–2013–0195; Directorate § 23.1557(c)(1)(i), the applicant must previously certificated structure. Identifier 2013–NE–08–AD; Amendment 39– comply with the following: 14. Powerplant Installation—One 17553; AD 2013–16–15] Fuel filler openings must be marked Cylinder Inoperative RIN 2120–AA64 at or near the filler cover with— Tests or analysis, or a combination of For diesel engine-powered Airworthiness Directives; General methods, must show that the airframe airplanes— Electric Company Turbofan Engines can withstand the shaking or vibratory (a) The words ‘‘Jet Fuel’’; and forces imposed by the engine if a AGENCY: Federal Aviation (b) The permissible fuel designations, cylinder becomes inoperative. Diesel Administration (FAA), DOT. or references to the Airplane Flight engines of conventional design typically Manual (AFM) for permissible fuel ACTION: Final rule. have extremely high levels of vibration designations. when a cylinder becomes inoperative. SUMMARY: We are adopting a new (c) A warning placard or note that Data must be provided to the airframe airworthiness directive (AD) for all states the following or similar: installer/modifier so either appropriate General Electric Company (GE) model ‘‘Warning—this airplane is equipped design considerations or operating GEnx–2B67B turbofan engines with with an aircraft diesel engine; service procedures, or both, can be developed to booster anti-ice (BAI) air duct, part with approved fuels only.’’ prevent airframe and propeller damage. -
The TSR-2: a BRITISH STORY with an AUSTRALIAN CHAPTER
RAAF Radschool Association Magazine – Vol 32 Page 15 The TSR-2: A BRITISH STORY WITH AN AUSTRALIAN CHAPTER With the era of the F-111 coming to a close, it is timely to reflect on the development of this aircraft and the rivals that existed at the time of its selection. The principal competitor was the British Aircraft Corporation’s Tactical Strike and Reconnaissance (TSR-2) aircraft. However, as indicated by Sir Sydney Camm’s comment, the development and subsequent abrupt cancellation of the project in 1965 was politically charged. While it was suggested at the time that Australia played a key role in the demise of the TSR-2, there appears to have been many other contributors to its downfall. From the mid 1950s, the RAF and subsequently the RAAF identified the need to replace the Canberra bomber, focusing on a nuclear-capable aircraft. Given the rapid advances in anti-aircraft weaponry capability, having supersonic strike aircraft that could slip under radar surveillance was seen as a priority. The development of the TSR-2 was also the result of the British Government’s focus in the late 1950s on rationalising the eight main British aircraft manufacturers that then existed. On New Year’s Day 1959, Vickers-Armstrong and English Electric, amalgamated as the new British Aircraft Corporation (BAC), were awarded the contract to combine their earlier individual designs into the TSR-2. Later that year Bristol- Siddeley were awarded the contract for development of the Olympus engines which were to power the aircraft. Like the development of any aircraft, the TSR-2 had its technical problems. -
8.1 L Diesel Engines Base Engine
POWERTECH 8.1 L Diesel Engines Base Engine TECHNICAL MANUAL POWERTECH 8.1 L Diesel Engines Ð Base Engine CTM86 06JUL06 (ENGLISH) For complete service information also see: POWERTECH 8.1 L Diesel EnginesÐMechanical Fuel Systems ...... CTM243 POWERTECH 6.8 L & 8.1 L Diesel EnginesÐLevel 3 Electronic Fuel Systems with Bosch In-Line Pump ............... CTM134 POWERTECH 8.1 L Diesel EnginesÐLevel 9 Electronic Fuel Systems with Denso In-Line Pump ............................... CTM255 Electronic Fuel Injection Systems ........ CTM68 OEM Engine Accessories ............... CTM67 Alternators and Starting Motors.......... CTM77 John Deere Power Systems LITHO IN U.S.A. Introduction Foreword This manual is written for an experienced technician. applicable essential tools, service equipment, and Essential tools required in performing certain service other materials needed to do the job, service parts kits, work are identified in this manual and are specifications, wear tolerance, and torque values. recommended for use. Before beginning repair on an engine, clean the engine This manual (CTM86) covers only the base engine. It and mount on a repair stand. (See CLEAN ENGINE in is one of five volumes on 8.1 L engines. The following Group 010 and see MOUNT ENGINE ON REPAIR four companion manuals cover fuel system repair and STAND in Group 010..) diagnostics: This manual contains SI Metric units of measure • CTM243ÐMechanical Fuel Systems followed immediately by the U.S. Customary units of • CTM134ÐLevel 3 Electronic Fuel Systems measure. Most hardware on these engines is metric • CTM255ÐLevel 9 Electronic Fuel Systems sized. • CTM68ÐElectronic Injection Fuel Systems Some components of this engine may be serviced Other manuals will be added in the future to provide without removing the engine from the machine. -
Thermodynamic Benefits of Opposed-Piston Two- 2011-01-2216 Published Stroke Engines 09/13/2011
Gratis copy for Randy Herold Copyright 2011 SAE International E-mailing, copying and internet posting are prohibited Downloaded Thursday, August 18, 2011 12:14:28 PM Thermodynamic Benefits of Opposed-Piston Two- 2011-01-2216 Published Stroke Engines 09/13/2011 Randy E. Herold, Michael H. Wahl, Gerhard Regner and James U. Lemke Achates Power, Inc. David E. Foster Univ. of Wisconsin - Madison Copyright © 2011 SAE International doi:10.4271/2011-01-2216 piston two-stroke engine has inherently lower peak in- ABSTRACT cylinder temperatures than the four-stroke engine, lower A detailed thermodynamic analysis was performed to intake pressure was required to meet the NOx emissions demonstrate the fundamental efficiency advantage of an constraint and as a result lower pumping work was needed. opposed-piston two-stroke engine over a standard four-stroke At the simulated condition considered, the opposed-piston engine. Three engine configurations were considered: a two-stroke engine had approximately 9.0% lower brake- baseline six-cylinder four-stroke engine, a hypothetical three- specific fuel consumption than the four-stroke engine. cylinder opposed-piston four-stroke engine, and a three- cylinder opposed-piston two-stroke engine. The bore and INTRODUCTION stroke per piston were held constant for all engine Opposed-piston two-stroke engines were conceived in the configurations to minimize any potential differences in 1800's in Europe and subsequently developed in multiple friction. The closed-cycle performance of the engine countries for a wide variety of applications including aircraft, configurations were compared using a custom analysis tool ships, tanks, trucks, and locomotives and maintained their that allowed the sources of thermal efficiency differences to presence throughout most of the twentieth century [1,2,3,4,5]. -
Military Vehicle Options Arising from the Barrel Type Piston Engine
Journal of Power Technologies 101 (1) (2021) 22–33 Military vehicle options arising from the barrel type piston engine Pawe l Mazuro1 and Cezary Chmielewski1,B 1Warsaw University of Technology B [email protected] Abstract in terms of efficiency, meaning that piston engines can deliver enhanced range and endurance. This is benefi- The article reviews knowledge about requirements for engines in cial in missions requiring a stopover for refueling and state-of-the-art unmanned aerial vehicles and tanks. Analysis of particularly useful for unmanned supply, observation design and operational parameters was carried out on selected and maritime missions. turboshaft and piston engines generating power in the range of 500 - 1500 kW (0.5 - 1.5 MW). The data was compared In contrast, land combat vehicles have significantly with the performance of innovative, barrel type piston engines, different drive unit requirements. High mobility en- which are likely to become an alternative drive solution in the ables the vehicle to rapidly change location after de- target vehicle groups. tection. To this end, the torque curve as a function of the rotational speed of the shaft is of decisive im- portance. Keywords: military UAV, tanks, turboshaft engines, piston engines, barrel type piston engines The complexity of tank engines adds an additional layer of requirements, impacting the reliability and durability of the power unit, and they come with re- 1 Introduction lated manufacturing and operating costs. In military land vehicles, the engine should be as small This article consolidates knowledge on options and as possible; the space saved can be used for other capabilities arising from use of the barrel type piston purposes. -
Federal Register/Vol. 78, No. 160/Monday, August 19, 2013
Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 2013 / Rules and Regulations 50317 (3) The factor with wing flaps extended as 3A13 to include the new Model J182T model T182T. The regulations specified in CS–VLA 345. with the Societe de Motorisation incorporated by reference in the type (f) Kinds of operation. The kinds of Aeronautiques (SMA) Engines, Inc. certificate are commonly referred to as operation (day VFR or day and night VFR, SR305–230E–C1 which is a four-stroke, the ‘‘original type certification basis.’’ In whichever is applicable) in which the aeroplane may be used, must be stated. The air cooled, diesel cycle engine that uses addition, the J182T certification basis minimum equipment required for the turbine (jet) fuel. The Model No. J182T, includes special conditions and operation must be listed. which is a derivative of the T182 equivalent levels of safety. (g) Powerplant limitations. The following currently approved under Type If the Administrator finds that the information must be furnished: Certificate No. 3A13, is an aluminum, applicable airworthiness regulations (1) Limitation required by CS–VLA 1521. four place, single engine airplane with (i.e., 14 CFR part 23) do not contain (2) Information necessary for marking the a cantilever high wing, with the SMA adequate or appropriate safety standards instruments required by CS–VLA 1549 to 1553. SR305–230E–C1 diesel cycle engine and for the J182T because of a novel or (3) Fuel and oil designation. associated systems installed. unusual design feature, special (4) For two-stroke engines, fuel/oil ratio. In anticipation of the reintroduction conditions are prescribed under the (h) Placards. -
Vol. 76 Tuesday, No. 225 November 22, 2011 Pages 72081–72300
Vol. 76 Tuesday, No. 225 November 22, 2011 Pages 72081–72300 OFFICE OF THE FEDERAL REGISTER VerDate Mar 15 2010 20:07 Nov 21, 2011 Jkt 226001 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4710 Sfmt 4710 E:\FR\FM\22NOWS.LOC 22NOWS mstockstill on DSK4VPTVN1PROD with FEDREGWS II Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 225 / Tuesday, November 22, 2011 The FEDERAL REGISTER (ISSN 0097–6326) is published daily, SUBSCRIPTIONS AND COPIES Monday through Friday, except official holidays, by the Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records PUBLIC Administration, Washington, DC 20408, under the Federal Register Subscriptions: Act (44 U.S.C. Ch. 15) and the regulations of the Administrative Paper or fiche 202–512–1800 Committee of the Federal Register (1 CFR Ch. I). The Assistance with public subscriptions 202–512–1806 Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402 is the exclusive distributor of the official General online information 202–512–1530; 1–888–293–6498 edition. Periodicals postage is paid at Washington, DC. Single copies/back copies: The FEDERAL REGISTER provides a uniform system for making Paper or fiche 202–512–1800 available to the public regulations and legal notices issued by Assistance with public single copies 1–866–512–1800 Federal agencies. These include Presidential proclamations and (Toll-Free) Executive Orders, Federal agency documents having general FEDERAL AGENCIES applicability and legal effect, documents required to be published Subscriptions: by act of Congress, and other Federal agency documents of public interest. Paper or fiche 202–741–6005 Documents are on file for public inspection in the Office of the Assistance with Federal agency subscriptions 202–741–6005 Federal Register the day before they are published, unless the issuing agency requests earlier filing. -
Electric Boosting and Energy Recovery Systems for Engine Downsizing
energies Review Electric Boosting and Energy Recovery Systems for Engine Downsizing Mamdouh Alshammari 1,2, Fuhaid Alshammari 2 and Apostolos Pesyridis 1,* 1 Centre of Advanced Powertrain and Fuels (CAPF), Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, Brunel University London, Middlesex UB8 3PH, UK; [email protected] 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hai’l, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 31 October 2019; Accepted: 4 December 2019; Published: 6 December 2019 Abstract: Due to the increasing demand for better fuel economy and increasingly stringent emissions regulations, engine manufacturers have paid attention towards engine downsizing as the most suitable technology to meet these requirements. This study sheds light on the technology currently available or under development that enables engine downsizing in passenger cars. Pros and cons, and any recently published literature of these systems, will be considered. The study clearly shows that no certain boosting method is superior. Selection of the best boosting method depends largely on the application and complexity of the system. Keywords: engine downsizing; electrically assisted turbocharger; electric supercharger; e-turbo; waste heat recovery; turbocharging; supercharging; turbocompounding; organic Rankine cycle 1. Introduction Although internal combustion engines are getting more efficient nowadays, still the major part of fuel energy is transformed into wasted heat. In terms of harmful exhaust emissions, the transportation sector is responsible for the one-third of CO2 emissions worldwide and approximately 15% of the overall greenhouse gas emissions [1]. Moreover, owing to the limited amount of fossil fuels, prices fluctuate significantly, with consistent general rising trends, resulting in economic issues in non-oil-producing countries. -
Cummins Engines
Weatherly Index No. 002 CATALOG NO. CA0030 Cummins M11 Replacement Piston JANUARY 2011 •Exclusive open cooling gallery design reduces piston crown heat providing improved durability •Improved material properties and proprietary coatings improve break-in performance, reduce pin bore scuffing and enhance service life •More robust to oil cooling jet alignment/wear CUMMINS ENGINES www.FMe-cat.com Catalog Parts Replacement •Commercial vehicle electronic catalog – available at www.FMe-cat.com •User friendly interface features the most complete product offering and latest coverage data •Online solution offers fast, easy access to virtual catalog pages covering the thousands of FP Diesel® components •Eases locating components for heavy-duty applications and enables users to accurately navigate in a virtual catalog environment of commercial vehicles CUMMINS ENGINES Replacement Parts Catalog Federal-Mogul Corporation Southfield, Michigan 48033 ©2011 Federal-Mogul Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. Cummins® is a registered trademark of Cummins Engine Company. FP DIESEL® “OPEN GALLERY” DESIGN FOR M11 PISTONS OFFERS A COOLER REPLACEMENT SOLUTION FOR THESE HARD WORKING ENGINES. Today’s diesel engines burn fuel more completely and efficiently. That means they’re running hotter. And that requires an advanced design to keep pistons cool. FLEETS RETHINK The new FP Diesel® replacement piston for the Cummins® M11 engine features a breakthrough “open gallery” design REPLACEMENT that circulates fresh oil, nonstop, to the piston crown. More and more fleets are rethinking their engine The FP Diesel open cooling gallery replacement solution gives and equipment replacement cycles as new engines you several advantages over the “closed gallery” design: become increasingly expensive. -
19FFL-0023 2-Stroke Engine Options for Automotive Use: a Fundamental Comparison of Different Potential Scavenging Arrangements for Medium-Duty Truck Applications
Citation for published version: Turner, J, Head, RA, Chang, J, Engineer, N, Wijetunge, RS, Blundell, DW & Burke, P 2019, '2-Stroke Engine Options for Automotive Use: A Fundamental Comparison of Different Potential Scavenging Arrangements for Medium-Duty Truck Applications', SAE Technical Paper Series, pp. 1-21. https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-0071 DOI: 10.4271/2019-01-0071 Publication date: 2019 Document Version Peer reviewed version Link to publication The final publication is available at SAE Mobilus via https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-0071 University of Bath Alternative formats If you require this document in an alternative format, please contact: [email protected] General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 27. Sep. 2021 Paper Offer 19FFL-0023 2-Stroke Engine Options for Automotive Use: A Fundamental Comparison of Different Potential Scavenging Arrangements for Medium-Duty Truck Applications Author, co-author (Do NOT enter this information. It will be pulled from participant tab in MyTechZone) Affiliation (Do NOT enter this information. It will be pulled from participant tab in MyTechZone) Abstract For the opposed-piston engine, once the port timing obtained by the optimizer had been established, a supplementary study was conducted looking at the effect of relative phasing of the crankshafts The work presented here seeks to compare different means of on performance and economy.