History Month
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LGBT+ HISTORY MONTH A celebration of LGBT+ History Month by the North East, Yorkshire and the Humber LGBT+ Committee highlighting positive actions and changes over the years The Wolfenden Committee publishes a report recommending that ‘homosexual behaviour between consenting adults in 1957 private should no longer be a criminal offence’. The then Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr Geoffrey Fisher, and the British Medical Association backed the recommendation. Despite this, the Conservative Government rejected the recommendations. The Nullity of Marriage Act was passed by the Conservative Government. The Act explicitly banned same-sex marriages in England and 1971 Wales. The House of Commons moves to reduce the age of consent for same-sex relations between men to the age of 16. The vote was defeated and the age of consent was instead 1994 lowered to 18. An age of consent for same-sex relations between women was not set. The age of consent for same-sex relations between men was lowered to 16, having previously been lowered from 21 to 18 in 1994. 2001 The age of consent was now the same for same-sex relations and hetrosexual relations. The Civil Partnership Act 2004 was passed, giving same- sex couples the same rights and responsibilities as married hetrosexual couples in the UK (although in N Ireland same-sex adoption was exempt). 2004 The Gender Recognition Act 2004 gave trans people full legal recognition in their appropriate gender. The Act allows trans people to acquire a new birth certificate. The Marriage (Same-Sex Couples) Act 2013 officially comes into force, with the first saame-sex marriages in England and Wales taking place on 29 March 2014. 2014 The Sexual Offences Act 1967 decriminalises sex between two 1967 men over the age of 21 and ‘in private’. It did not extend to the Merchant Navy or the Armed forces. In fact, homosexual acts in the Merchant Navy were only decriminalised in 2017. The Sexual Offences Act 1967 also didn’t apply to Scotland, Northern Ireland, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man. Conservative Prime Minister, Margaret Thatcher, introduced Section 28 of the Local Government Act 1988. The Act stated that a local authority “shall not intentionally promote 1988 homosexuality or publish material with the intention of promoting homosexuality” or “promote the teaching in any maintained school of the acceptability of homosexuality as a pretended family relationship” The Labour Government in the House of Commons voted to lower the age of consent for same-sex relations between men to 16 in England. 1998 However, a month later, the House of Lords, where the Conservatives were still the largest political group, defeated the clause. The Labour Government repeal Section 28 in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, lifting the ban on local authorities from “the teaching in any maintained school of the acceptability of 2003 homosexuality”. The Employment Equality (Sexual Orientation) Regulations become law in the UK, making it illegal to discriminate against lesbian, gay and bisexual people in the workplace. The Equality Act 2010 brings together previous legislation 2010 relating to LGBT+ and officially adds gender reassignment as a protected characteristic for the first time. The Government issued a posthumous pardon to all gay and bisexual men who were convicted under pernicious sexual 2017 offences laws in the last century. community against a police raid that took place in the early hours of 28 June 1969 at the Stone- wall Inn, located in the Greenwich Vil- lage neighbourhood of Manhattan, New York City. They are widely considered to constitute the single most important event versary of the Stone- leading to the gay wall riots of 1969) liberation movement with approximately and the modern fight The first London gay 2000 participants. for LGBT rights in the march took place The choice of the United States. in November 1970 date was a show of with 150 men walk- solidarity with the In 1983 the march ing through Highbury LGBT community in was renamed “Les- Fields in North Lon- America. don. The first official bian and Gay Pride”. In 1984 a group of UK Gay Pride Rally The Stonewall Riots activists began col- was held in London were a series of lecting money in sup- on 1 July 1972 (cho- spontaneous, violent port of the miners’ sen as the nearest demonstrations by strike. The story of Saturday to the anni- members of the gay ‘Lesbians and Gays Support the Miners’ strand of Labour Party a pretended family (LGSM) was depicted Policy in the years to relationship”. The in the 2014 film come. Pride march had now ‘Pride’. The film tells become a focal point of the unlikely union The controversy of for anti-discrimina- of two communi- Section 28 of the tion protests amongst ties poles apart, who Local Government Act the LGBT commu- shared a common 1988 led to numbers nity. From its humble struggle against Tory increasing on the beginnings of just oppression. march in protest that 150 men, 1988 saw year. Enacted on 24 40,000 people attend In 1985, as a show May 1988, the amend- the event. of solidarity and ment stated that a respect, miners from local authority “shall By the 1990s, Pride across the country not intentionally pro- had become more brought their banners mote homosexuality of a carnival event. and bands and led or publish material There were large park Pride parade. It was with the intention of gatherings and a fair also a block vote by promoting homosex- after the marches the National Union uality” or “promote up until 2003. ‘Pride of Mineworkers at the teaching in any London’ was formed the TUC conference maintained school in 2004. Since 2004 that ensured equali- of the acceptability a political rally in ties became a central of homosexuality as Trafalgar Square has been held straight after the parade, and more recently Pride London has organ- ised several other events in the centre of London on Pride Day including, in 2006, ‘Drag Idol’ in Leicester Square, a women’s stage in Soho and a party in Soho Square. In 1992 London was selected to hold the first EuroPride with attendance put at 100,000. London again held EuroPride in 2006 with an estimated 600,000 partici- pants. The 2012 event was World Pride, though this was to be the last event organised by Pride London. Other cities now host Pride events. Leeds started hosting its own Pride parade in 2006 and as with London, the numbers attending grow year on year. The parades are not just attended by members of the LGBT+ community. The events are a cel- ebration of acceptance and equality and are attended by family and friends of the community too. Even today the roots of the parade and the links to the Stonewall Riots are remembered. Leeds Pride 2017 it’s for us as members of “ the LGBT+ community to educate others as to why certain language is no longer appropriate in daily life I'm lucky I haven't suffered physical homophobia, although I and my partner have had occasions of verbal abuse in the city. I have also been lucky as to have not experienced homophobia within my workplace although it did take several years for me to be confident enough to be out at work. I don't see my sexuality as an obstacle in my role nor have I found it to be a major issue with my peers. On occasion people do use language that would be deemed as homophobic and it’s for us, as members of the LGBT+ community, to educate others as to why certain language is no longer appropriate in daily life. For me, coming out was an awful experience, but the support of my friends kept my head up until the impact had settled. Since coming out I joined the York Pride Committee in the hope that the work we do makes everyday life easier for other LGBT+ people. Have things improved? We have rights now that we couldn't dream of having in the past. These were hard fought for, but there is so much more to do, especially in the representation of our Trans family. David Carr, Unite member in York Coming out was greeted “ with so much hate from my family and friends that they disowned me In 1986 I was young free and single, it had taken me most of my teenage years to gather up enough courage confidence to confide in my family and friends that I was gay. It was only then my nightmare began. I couldn’t have guessed what was going to happen next. Coming out was greeted with so much hate from my family and friends that they disowned me and kicked me out of my family home and told me that I had disgraced the family and not to come back. I thought, naively, that because I was full of happiness, my family and friends would be happy for me too. I was hoping they would love me for who I am and not for what I was, which was so far from the truth. It wasn't long before I met someone and fell in love, like most young people. I thought it would be acceptable to walk down the street holding my girlfriend's hand and showing her the affection I had always wanted to give freely, I thought everyone would be happy for me to be in love. How wrong I was. I wanted everyone to accept the fact that I only wanted to be able to love the person I was with. But it didn’t turn out like this.