Communist Party of Chile
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Nepal's Constitution (Ii): the Expanding
NEPAL’S CONSTITUTION (II): THE EXPANDING POLITICAL MATRIX Asia Report N°234 – 27 August 2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................... i I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1 II. THE REVOLUTIONARY SPLIT ................................................................................... 3 A. GROWING APART ......................................................................................................................... 5 B. THE END OF THE MAOIST ARMY .................................................................................................. 7 C. THE NEW MAOIST PARTY ............................................................................................................ 8 1. Short-term strategy ....................................................................................................................... 8 2. Organisation and strength .......................................................................................................... 10 3. The new party’s players ............................................................................................................. 11 D. REBUILDING THE ESTABLISHMENT PARTY ................................................................................. 12 1. Strategy and organisation .......................................................................................................... -
Narrow but Endlessly Deep: the Struggle for Memorialisation in Chile Since the Transition to Democracy
NARROW BUT ENDLESSLY DEEP THE STRUGGLE FOR MEMORIALISATION IN CHILE SINCE THE TRANSITION TO DEMOCRACY NARROW BUT ENDLESSLY DEEP THE STRUGGLE FOR MEMORIALISATION IN CHILE SINCE THE TRANSITION TO DEMOCRACY PETER READ & MARIVIC WYNDHAM Published by ANU Press The Australian National University Acton ACT 2601, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at press.anu.edu.au National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Creator: Read, Peter, 1945- author. Title: Narrow but endlessly deep : the struggle for memorialisation in Chile since the transition to democracy / Peter Read ; Marivic Wyndham. ISBN: 9781760460211 (paperback) 9781760460228 (ebook) Subjects: Memorialization--Chile. Collective memory--Chile. Chile--Politics and government--1973-1988. Chile--Politics and government--1988- Chile--History--1988- Other Creators/Contributors: Wyndham, Marivic, author. Dewey Number: 983.066 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design and layout by ANU Press. Cover photograph: The alarm clock, smashed at 14 minutes to 11, symbolises the anguish felt by Michele Drouilly Yurich over the unresolved disappearance of her sister Jacqueline in 1974. This edition © 2016 ANU Press I don’t care for adulation or so that strangers may weep. I sing for a far strip of country narrow but endlessly deep. No las lisonjas fugaces ni las famas extranjeras sino el canto de una lonja hasta el fondo de la tierra.1 1 Victor Jara, ‘Manifiesto’, tr. Bruce Springsteen,The Nation, 2013. -
Recabarren Communist Organization OCR "What Do We Want?"
Encyclopedia of Anti-Revisionism On-Line * Anti-Revisionism in Chile Recabarren Communist Organization OCR "What do we want?" Published: 1985 http://ocrchile.blogspot.ca/p/que-es-la-ocr.html Transcription, Editing and Markup: Paul Saba and Sam Richards. Copyright: This work is in the Public Domain under the Creative Commons Common Deed. You can freely copy, distribute and display this work; as well as make derivative and commercial works. Please credit the Encyclopedia of Anti-Revisionism On-Line as your source, include the url to this work, and note any of the transcribers, editors & proof readers above. " WHAT do we WANT? " " We want to live well. That is everything. The industrial capitalist organization doesn't allow us to live well, because it force us to support a regime of slavery, of exploitation and of oppression. Upon staying the regime of the wage, it maintains us enslaved to that regime. We know that the poor are the most of the world, most of each town and we know that we have a right to provide to order, to organize the world in each town, how it is our desire in order to live better the life. Then, that is what we want: organizing the industrial life they want or they don't want the capitalists and rulers, in order to give us the well-being that we want and that we needed." LUIS EMILIO RECABARREN [ Great communist revolutionary and organizer of the labour movement. Luis Emilio Recabarren was born July 6 of 1876 in Valparaiso. He from the 14 years old suffered the persecution of the bourgeoisie, being imprisoned several times for the defense irreducible that made of the labour class and of the socialists ideas. -
Observing the 2008 Nepal Constituent Assembly Election
Observing the 2008 Nepal Constituent Assembly Election April 2008 Waging Peace. Fighting Disease. Building Hope. The Carter Center strives to relieve suffering by advancing peace and health worldwide; it seeks to prevent and resolve conflicts, enhance freedom and democracy, and protect and promote human rights worldwide. Observing the 2008 Nepal Constituent Assembly Election April 2008 One Copenhill 453 Freedom Parkway Atlanta, GA 30307 (404) 420-5188 Fax (404) 420-5196 www.cartercenter.org May 2009 The Carter Center Contents Foreword, by Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter . 3 Carter Center Observation Delegation and Staff............................................ 5 Terms and Abbreviations............................................................. 8 Acknowledgments . 9 Executive Summary ................................................................ 11 Facts About Nepal’s Constituent Assembly Election . 15 Nepal’s Path to Peace and Democracy . 16 Timeline of Events................................................................. 21 Observation Methodology . 23 The Pre-election Period ............................................................. 27 Election Day and Postelection Period................................................... 41 The Constituent Assembly and New Governing Coalition . 54 Conclusion and Recommendations ..................................................... 55 Appendices A: The Electoral Framework and Method of Voting......................................... 63 B: Letters of Invitation . 66 C: Selected Press Releases -
Revolutionary Communist Party of Chile Interview with a Leader of The
Encyclopedia of Anti-Revisionism On-Line * Anti-Revisionism in Chile Revolutionary Communist Party of Chile Interview with a leader of the Revolutionary Communist Party of Chile Published: 1975 republished https://centremlm.be/Parti-Communiste-Revolutionnaire-du- Chili-Contre-le-sectarisme-1969 Transcription, Editing and Markup: Paul Saba and Sam Richards. Copyright: This work is in the Public Domain under the Creative Commons Common Deed. You can freely copy, distribute and display this work; as well as make derivative and commercial works. Please credit the Encyclopedia of Anti-Revisionism On-Line as your source, include the url to this work, and note any of the transcribers, editors & proof readers above. Interview conducted by APEP 1. - Could you give us details on the experience of the Chilean people since the fascist military coup? The fascist military coup in Chile not only means the most monstrous repression for the Chilean people in their history, but also takes place in contemporary history as one of the repressions the most brutal and bloody that any country has ever suffered. More than 30,000 people have been murdered. More than 150,000 others passed through prisons and concentration camps and several thousand are still there. The most brutal and refined torture has been and continues to be used as a "normal" interrogation procedure or as simple revenge. 1 | P a g e Various international courts have denounced, among other things, as the tortures used: the application of electrodes to the genitals, anus and gums; gang rape or rape using animals; immersion in excrement or petroleum baths; acid or fire burns; mutilations, fractures, cuts, "tourniquets"; stays in metal drums until causing tearing of the eardrums or madness, etc .. -
Nepal: Identity Politics and Federalism
NEPAL: IDENTITY POLITICS AND FEDERALISM Asia Report N°199 – 13 January 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................... i I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1 II. IDENTITY POLITICS IN NEPAL ................................................................................. 3 A. ETHNIC ACTIVISM: PAST AND PRESENT ....................................................................................... 3 1. Before 1990 .................................................................................................................................. 3 2. After 1990 .................................................................................................................................... 4 B. ETHNIC DEMANDS AND THE “PEOPLE’S WAR” ............................................................................. 5 C. FEDERALISM AFTER THE PEACE DEAL .......................................................................................... 7 III. THE POLITICS OF FEDERALISM .............................................................................. 9 A. THE MAOISTS .............................................................................................................................. 9 B. THE MAINSTREAM PARTIES ....................................................................................................... 10 1. The UML: if you can’t convince them, -
Antifascist Front and Military Politics of the Communist Party of Chile Under Dictatorship, 1973‐19801
e ‐ ISSN 2175 ‐ 1803 Antifascist Front and military politics of the Communist Party of Chile under dictatorship, 1973‐19801 Abstract This article inquires about the route of the military politics of the Claudio Pérez Silva Communist Party of Chile, particularly under its political Ph.D. Professor at the School of History, commitment to the Antifascist Front (1973‐1980). In this regard, we Universidad Academia de Humanismo Cristiano, argue that, in a first stage, this party pursued its military politics and at the Department of History, primarily based on evaluations about the causes of Allende’s University of Santiago, defeat. This implied an almost unrestricted continuity of its military Chile. politics during the early years of dictatorship. However, after the [email protected] first measures taken in order to palliate its shortcomings, and also face the imminent extension and institutionalization of dictatorship, there was a slow, but significant expansion of its Translator military politics in the late 1970s, a dynamics that ended up contributing both to the political reconfiguration of its militancy Evandro Lisboa Freire and its commitment to bring the dictatorship to an end. Translator and copy editor in English and Spanish. MA in Applied Linguistics (PUC‐SP). Keywords: Dictatorship; Communism; Military Policy; Political Specialist in Translation (UNIBERO). Violence; Chile Brazil [email protected] To cite this translation: PÉREZ SILVA, Claudio. Antifascist Front and military politics of the Communist Party of Chile under dictatorship, 1973‐1980. Tempo e Argumento, Florianópolis, v. 7, n.16, p. 444 ‐ 472. set./dez. 2015. Original title: El Frente Antifascista y la Política Militar del Partido Comunista de Chile bajo dictadura, 1973‐1980. -
Collection: Lynch, Edward: Files Folder Title: Soviet Objectives Box: 2
Ronald Reagan Presidential Library Digital Library Collections This is a PDF of a folder from our textual collections. Collection: Lynch, Edward: Files Folder Title: Soviet Objectives Box: 2 To see more digitized collections visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/archives/digital-library To see all Ronald Reagan Presidential Library inventories visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/document-collection Contact a reference archivist at: [email protected] Citation Guidelines: https://reaganlibrary.gov/citing National Archives Catalogue: https://catalog.archives.gov/ Soviet Objectives and Intentions in Latin America The immediate Soviet objective in Latin America is to enhance the USSR's influence at the expense of the U.S. To that end, Moscow seeks correct surface relations on the state level with most Latin American governments while working covertly with communist parties and front groups to promote causes compatible with Soviet interests. At the same time, the USSR works directly and through its Cuban client to strengthen radical regimes and Marxist-Leninist movements, particularly in the Caribbean region. Its ultimate objective is the political transformation of existing regimes to communism. Recent events in Nicaragua, El Salvador, Grenada, Suriname, and elsewhere clearly attest to active Soviet involvement in supporting totalitarian movements in the region. Expanded trade relationships with major South American countries have meanwhile provided Moscow with new footholds and prospects for expanding influence. Yet distance from the USSR, awareness of traditional US sensitivity to developments in the Western Hemisphere, and the desire to avoid provoking a confrontation with the US have acted, and may continue to act, as constraints on direct Soviet involvement. The Soviets may also be constrained by a lack of receptivity to their overtures by Latin Americans. -
Soviet Perceptions and Analyses of the Unidad Popular Government and the Military Coup in Chile
STUDY SOVIET PERCEPTIONS AND ANALYSES OF THE UNIDAD POPULAR GOVERNMENT AND THE MILITARY COUP IN CHILE Olga Uliánova This study analyses Soviet perceptions of the actions of the Unidad Popular government and the military coup, based on documents from the ex-USSR and testimonies gathered in interviews. At the same time there is an examination of the evaluation made in the USSR as to the causes of the defeat of the Unidad Popular (UP) and the support later given by the USSR to the Chilean Communist and Socialist parties in their “popular rebellion” against the military regi- me. The documents emphasise the question marks which, from the arri- val of Salvador Allende to power, arose in the USSR about this first attempt of the materialisation of the Soviet hypothesis of a “peace- ful road” to revolution On the other hand, they also make clear the close, constant and profound relationship of the Communist party of the Soviet Union with its Chilean counterpart. After the fall of Salvador Allende, the experience of the Unidad Popular, perceived in the USSR as a process led by a “brother party” and developed along the lines of its own ideology, acquired a special importance for the Soviet authorities, particularly on account of their ideological debate with Euro communism. The Soviet analysis of the causes of OLGA ULIÁNOVA. Ph. D. en Historia por la Universidad Lomonosov de Moscú. Inves- tigadora del Instituto de Estudios Avanzados de la Universidad de Santiago. Estudios Públicos, 79 (winter 2000). 2 ESTUDIOS PÚBLICOS the defeat of the Unidad Popular, centred on the idea that “the revolution must know how to defend itself”, although it recognised the inability of the Unidad Popular to gain the support of the majo- rity of the Chilean population for its programme, considered it of vital importance the fact that the UP was not capable of breaking “the bourgeois state” and defend its project with arms. -
Redalyc.Antifascist Front and Military Politics of the Communist Party Of
Revista Tempo e Argumento E-ISSN: 2175-1803 [email protected] Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina Brasil Pérez Silva, Claudio Antifascist Front and military politics of the Communist Party of Chile under dictatorship, 1973-1980 Revista Tempo e Argumento, vol. 7, núm. 16, septiembre-diciembre, 2015, pp. 444-472 Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina Florianópolis, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=338144734021 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative e ‐ ISSN 2175 ‐ 1803 Antifascist Front and military politics of the Communist Party of Chile under dictatorship, 1973‐19801 Abstract This article inquires about the route of the military politics of the Claudio Pérez Silva Communist Party of Chile, particularly under its political Ph.D. Professor at the School of History, commitment to the Antifascist Front (1973‐1980). In this regard, we Universidad Academia de Humanismo Cristiano, argue that, in a first stage, this party pursued its military politics and at the Department of History, primarily based on evaluations about the causes of Allende’s University of Santiago, defeat. This implied an almost unrestricted continuity of its military Chile. politics during the early years of dictatorship. However, after the [email protected] first measures taken in order to palliate its shortcomings, and also face the imminent extension and institutionalization of dictatorship, there was a slow, but significant expansion of its Translator military politics in the late 1970s, a dynamics that ended up contributing both to the political reconfiguration of its militancy Evandro Lisboa Freire and its commitment to bring the dictatorship to an end. -
2016 Country Review
Nepal 2016 Country Review http://www.countrywatch.com Table of Contents Chapter 1 1 Country Overview 1 Country Overview 2 Key Data 3 Nepal 4 Asia 5 Chapter 2 7 Political Overview 7 History 8 Political Conditions 10 Political Risk Index 53 Political Stability 67 Freedom Rankings 82 Human Rights 94 Government Functions 97 Government Structure 100 Principal Government Officials 112 Leader Biography 113 Leader Biography 114 Foreign Relations 116 National Security 123 Defense Forces 127 Chapter 3 129 Economic Overview 129 Economic Overview 130 Nominal GDP and Components 132 Population and GDP Per Capita 134 Real GDP and Inflation 135 Government Spending and Taxation 136 Money Supply, Interest Rates and Unemployment 137 Foreign Trade and the Exchange Rate 138 Data in US Dollars 139 Energy Consumption and Production Standard Units 140 Energy Consumption and Production QUADS 142 World Energy Price Summary 143 CO2 Emissions 144 Agriculture Consumption and Production 145 World Agriculture Pricing Summary 147 Metals Consumption and Production 148 World Metals Pricing Summary 151 Economic Performance Index 152 Chapter 4 164 Investment Overview 164 Foreign Investment Climate 165 Foreign Investment Index 167 Corruption Perceptions Index 180 Competitiveness Ranking 192 Taxation 201 Stock Market 201 Partner Links 202 Chapter 5 203 Social Overview 203 People 204 Human Development Index 206 Life Satisfaction Index 210 Happy Planet Index 221 Status of Women 230 Global Gender Gap Index 232 Culture and Arts 242 Etiquette 242 Travel Information 243 Diseases/Health Data 253 Chapter 6 259 Environmental Overview 259 Environmental Issues 260 Environmental Policy 261 Greenhouse Gas Ranking 262 Global Environmental Snapshot 273 Global Environmental Concepts 284 International Environmental Agreements and Associations 299 Appendices 323 Bibliography 324 Nepal Chapter 1 Country Overview Nepal Review 2016 Page 1 of 336 pages Nepal Country Overview NEPAL Landlocked Nepal is located in the Himalayan Mountains of South Asia, between two giant neighbors – China and India. -
Briefing European Parliamentary Research Service
At a glance April 2015 Chile: political parties The political party system in Chile developed from fierce competition between three distinct blocs along a wide right-centre-left spectrum before the military coup of 1973, to a narrower two-bloc political spectrum (centre-right to centre-left) after 1990, mainly due to the establishment of a binomial election system by General Augusto Pinochet, originally to guarantee his power base. Background From 1958 until the collapse of democracy in 1973, Chile's political party system was based on a competitive dynamic between three ideological blocs along a wide right-centre-left spectrum. The right-wing Liberal and Conservative parties were first founded over a century ago, and dominated prior to the 1965 parliamentary elections. After the poor results of that year, they merged, becoming the National Party (1966-1994). The Christian Democratic and Radical parties held the Chilean political centre, and the Socialist and Communist parties took up the left side of the spectrum. The Radical Party, which dates back to 1861, allied itself with the Communists and Socialists in the Popular Unity coalition which won the Presidency for Salvador Allende in 1970. Following the Pinochet dictatorship (1973-1990), the system has shown a new pattern of unequal, bipolar competition between two large coalition blocs along a reduced left-right spectrum, behaving like a two-party system (currently New Majority on the centre-left and Alliance on the centre-right). This is mainly due to the binomial system introduced by General Pinochet, and helps to explain the current stability of the Chilean political system.