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A: PO Box 699 Lidcombe NSW 1825 P: (02) 9716 0378 W: www.sca.nsw.edu.au E: [email protected] Culture Scope Volume 111: Table of contents Feature Articles: • Gender Inequality devalues women’s work – Nick Baker (Social Inclusion and Exclusion) • Hip Hop, You Don’t Stop! - Morganics (Popular Culture) • Myanmar Film Industry mocks LGBT community – Nick Baker (Popular Culture) • Women bear the brunt of Natural Disasters – Nick Baker (Continuity and Change) What’s the A-gender (Resources from, and to supplement August 2017 PD Day) Personal and Social Identity • Gendered Toy content analysis table – Louise Dark, Newcastle High School • Genderisation of Colours – Katherine Dzida, Figtree High School • Reviewing the concept of gender PPT – Amanda Webb, Moorebank High School • The way we talk to girls and boys – Amanda Webb, Moorebank High School Social and Cultural Continuity and Change • #technologyandgender – Louise Dark, Newcastle High School • Women in Poland – Katherine Dzida, Figtree High School Popular Culture • Assessment task: Kardashian’s Content analysis – Amanda Webb, Moorebank High School • Assessment task: Contemporary Values and contribution to social change – Amanda Newell, Clancy Catholic College Additional resources: • Spotlight on Popular Culture (Reality TV) Part 2 – Kate Thompson, Aurora College • Using Speeches to compare Social Inclusion and Exclusion (ATSI) – Kevin Steed, Macquarie University Many thanks are extended to those who have contributed to this edition. We acknowledge your ongoing support of the Association and teachers of Society and Culture through the quality submissions you have prepared, and continue to submit for publication. These articles take significant time and effort to write and reference and your expertise and innovation is appreciated. Warm regards, Louise Dark (CultureScope Editor) Title: Gender inequality devalues women’s work: Oxfam Author: Nick Baker Area of Study: Social Inclusion and Exclusion Additional notes: Reprinted from Myanmar Times, with permission of the author Link: https://www.mmtimes.com/national-news/yangon/20647-gender-inequality-devalues-women-s- work-oxfam.html Original date of publication: 3rd June 2016 The additional course concepts: • power • authority • gender • identity • technologies • globalisation Related depth study concepts: • social mobility • social class • socioeconomic status • life course • ‘race’ and ethnicity • social differentiation • equality • human rights • prejudice and discrimination Contemporary context The following points are to be integrated across the study of Social Inclusion and Exclusion: • use examples drawn from contemporary society Focus study Within ONE country, students are to examine: • different genders In relation to access to EACH of the following socially valued resources: • employment In relation to the broad society of the country studied, students are to examine: • the role and influence of historical, economic, political and legal forces in the generation and maintenance of social inclusion and exclusion Gender inequality devalues women’s work: Oxfam “They think that we are like animals.” That’s how countless female garment workers are treated in Myanmar, according to Ma Ei Yin Mon. Along with many others from rural areas of the country, Ma Ei Yin Mon came to Yangon in the wake of Cyclone Nargis in 2008 looking for work. She took a job in the textiles industry with the aim of supporting her family, but conditions turned out to be unbearable. “I don’t want to keep working at the factory because the base wage is so low and we are pressured to do long hours of overtime. We are always being told to work faster,” she said. “I know I have no rights to make a complaint, so I have to bear it. I have been working here so many years and we try our best to meet the production targets so that we won’t be told off, but sometimes [the yelling] is unbearable.” Ma Ei Yin Mon’s situation is far from the exception. In fact, it is closer to the norm for women across Myanmar and around Asia – making her story the focus of a new Oxfam report. “Underpaid and Undervalued: How Inequality Defines Women’s Work in Asia” was launched this week to coincide with the World Economic Forum on ASEAN in Malaysia. It claims that growing inequality across the continent is “deeply gendered”. “Overwhelmingly, the richest in society are men, while women continue to be concentrated in the lowest paid and most insecure jobs,” the report said. On average in Asia, women earn between 70 and 90 percent of what men earn, and 75pc of women’s work is in the informal economy – without access to benefits such as sick pay or maternity leave. The report claims that pervasive gender inequality is resulting in women’s work being devalued, with women far less empowered to claim their labour rights. “This means women are more likely to have these rights abused, often with devastating consequences.” Oxfam spokesperson Trini Leung said, “High street retailers and Asian governments have built their businesses and their economies on the backs of low-paid women workers across Asia.” “This has to stop. Governments and businesses must ensure all workers are paid a living wage so they have enough money to pay for essentials.” The garment industry in Myanmar, which provides jobs for around 300,000 workers, was presented as a microcosm of this situation. Oxfam surveyed a group of garment workers – 90pc were women – including Ma Ei Yin Mon, the majority of whom expressed concern about low wages, long hours and safety issues. Most of those surveyed said they could not afford housing, food and medicine with the income they earned at the factories – even with overtime. The average base salary was just US$1.50 a day. Workers reported doing between three and 20 hours of overtime each week but almost 40pc said that overtime negatively affected their health. The report called on countries in the region to urgently take measures which tackle gender inequality in the workplace.These include implementing living wages, increasing access to social protection, putting in place progressive tax policies that can finance good-quality universal public services, and recognising, reducing and redistributing unpaid care work. It was a call echoed by Ms Leung. “Women across Asia are working a double day,” she said, “They work long hours … as well as caring for their family and managing all the household chores. Women are the backbone of the economy yet they receive little support.” “Governments and businesses must help lift the burden from women’s shoulders by providing benefits such as maternity pay and childcare support, and by investing [more] in basic infrastructure,” Ms Leung said. Women work in a garment factory at Hlaing Tharyar industrial zone in Yangon on July 10, 2015.EPA Title: Hip Hop, You Don’t Stop! Author: Morganics Area of Study: Popular Culture About the author: Morganics is a Melbourne based Hip Hop artist, director and community worker. Morganics makes regular appearances at SCANSW PIP Days, where his use and application of sociocultural terms and concepts is always very well received. He exists online at https://www.facebook.com/morganicsonline/ and https://www.youtube.com/user/morganicsonline. Contemporary context The following points are to be integrated across the study of Popular Culture: • use examples drawn from contemporary society • assess the impact of technologies, including communication technologies, on popular culture • examine a contemporary issue in popular culture using the research method of content analysis. Focus study Students are to examine ONE popular culture that conforms to the distinguishing characteristics and has a global acceptance by examining: the creation and development of the popular culture: • the origins of the popular culture • the development of the popular culture from a local to a global level • the process of commodification for the popular culture • the role of mythology in the creation and perpetuation of the popular culture • continuities and changes to the popular culture the consumption of the popular culture: • the consumers of the popular culture and the nature of its consumption • the relationship of heroes and mythology to media and consumption • how globalisation and technologies have influenced consumption • the relationship of access and consumption to age, class, ethnicity, gender, location, sexuality • how consumption and ownership of paraphernalia influence a sense of identity the control of the popular culture: • the ownership of the popular culture and the tensions between consumers and producers • the stakeholders and how they influence the popular culture – family, peer groups, media, marketers, governments, global groups • the role and impact of official and unofficial censorship • the influence of power and authority at the micro, meso and macro levels the different perceptions of the popular culture: • groups that accept and reject the popular culture • changing perceptions and the value of the popular culture to groups in society • how the popular culture constructs or deconstructs gender the contribution of the popular culture to social change: • how the popular culture expresses contemporary social values • the positive and negative impact of the popular culture on wider society • the ways in which the popular culture has contributed to social change. DJ Kool Herc is the person, America is the society, Hip Hop is the culture, the South Bronx in New York City is the environment, and 1973 is the time. Hip Hop you don’t stop, from the birth place to the tip top, from the ghetto to the world non stop, oh yeah! Bboys and Girls gonna get down, way before Netflix was in your town, from rags to riches putting rappers in pictures, we’ve come so far femcees aint bitches, from Queen Latifah to the one Jean Grae, now Jay Z’s Mum has come out gay, times have changed from way back in the day, when we said “Old School” the records they played were The Trecherous Three and The Furious Five, now Melle Mel’s on TV trying to survive “Don’t push me ‘cause I’m close to the edge….” of being that guy that raps in a TV car commercial.
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