1 of 16 Cardowan Moss list 17/10/2017

Group Taxon Common Name Earliest Latest Records acarine Hydracarina 2010 2010 1 amphibian Bufo bufo Common Toad 1996 2017 15 amphibian Lissotriton helveticus Palmate Newt 2009 2013 6 amphibian Lissotriton vulgaris Smooth Newt 2001 2011 5 amphibian Rana temporaria Common Frog 1995 2017 72 annelid Oligochaeta 2010 2010 1 Acanthis cabaret Lesser Redpoll 2011 2011 1 bird Acanthis flammea Common (Mealy) Redpoll 1994 2013 7 bird Acrocephalus schoenobaenus Sedge Warbler 2001 2010 4 bird Aegithalos caudatus Long-tailed 2001 2014 6 bird Alauda arvensis Skylark 1994 2010 13 bird Anas platyrhynchos Mallard 2001 2017 2 bird Anser anser Greylag Goose 2001 2001 1 bird Anthus pratensis Meadow Pipit 1994 2003 4 bird Apus apus Swift 2001 2001 1 bird Ardea cinerea Grey Heron 1995 2017 9 bird Bombycilla garrulus Waxwing 2009 2009 1 bird Buteo buteo Buzzard 1999 2017 17 bird Carduelis carduelis Goldfinch 1994 2004 8 bird Certhia familiaris Treecreeper 2010 2010 1 bird Chloris chloris Greenfinch 2000 2009 3 bird Circus aeruginosus Marsh Harrier 1999 1999 1 bird Circus cyaneus Hen Harrier 1999 1999 2 bird Columba palumbus Woodpigeon 2001 2001 3 bird Corvus corone Carrion Crow 2015 2015 1 bird Corvus corone subsp. corone Carrion Crow 2001 2004 2 bird Corvus monedula Jackdaw 2015 2015 1 bird Cyanistes caeruleus Blue Tit 2001 2017 3 bird Cygnus olor Mute Swan 2004 2004 1 bird Delichon urbicum House Martin 2001 2001 1 bird major Great Spotted 1999 2004 3 bird Emberiza schoeniclus Reed Bunting 1994 2010 9 bird Erithacus rubecula Robin 2001 2017 2 bird Falco tinnunculus Kestrel 2001 2011 5 2 of 16 Cardowan Moss species list 17/10/2017

Group Taxon Common Name Earliest Latest Records bird Fringilla coelebs Chaffinch 2001 2001 1 bird Fulica atra Coot 2017 2017 1 bird Gallinago gallinago Snipe 1995 2005 5 bird Gallinula chloropus Moorhen 2001 2001 1 bird Hirundo rustica Swallow 2001 2017 3 bird Linaria cannabina Linnet 2001 2001 1 bird Locustella naevia Grasshopper Warbler 1999 2014 3 bird Lymnocryptes minimus Jack Snipe 1995 1995 2 bird Muscicapa striata Spotted Flycatcher 2000 2000 1 bird Parus major 2001 2017 2 bird Passer domesticus House Sparrow 2001 2001 1 bird Perdix perdix Grey Partridge 1995 2001 3 bird Phalacrocorax carbo Cormorant 2004 2013 2 bird Phylloscopus collybita Chiffchaff 2000 2012 7 bird Phylloscopus trochilus Warbler 2001 2010 3 bird Pica pica Magpie 1994 2017 6 bird Prunella modularis Dunnock 2001 2001 1 bird Pyrrhula pyrrhula Bullfinch 2000 2014 10 bird Rallus aquaticus Water Rail 1999 2014 4 bird Regulus regulus Goldcrest 2000 2000 1 bird Saxicola rubetra Whinchat 1993 1994 2 bird Saxicola rubicola Stonechat 2009 2009 1 bird Spinus spinus Siskin 2002 2011 2 bird Sturnus vulgaris Starling 2000 2013 2 bird Sylvia atricapilla Blackcap 2000 2012 3 bird Sylvia borin Garden Warbler 2001 2001 2 bird Sylvia communis Whitethroat 2001 2003 3 bird Troglodytes troglodytes Wren 1994 2013 4 bird Turdus iliacus Redwing 1994 2002 4 bird Turdus merula Blackbird 2001 2017 4 bird Turdus philomelos Song Thrush 2001 2017 4 bird Turdus pilaris Fieldfare 1994 2013 11 bird Vanellus vanellus Lapwing 2001 2001 1 bony fish Gasterosteinae Stickleback 2010 2010 1 3 of 16 Cardowan Moss species list 17/10/2017

Group Taxon Common Name Earliest Latest Records X Cuprocyparis leylandi Leyland Cypress 2017 2017 1 conifer Larix decidua European 2001 2001 1 conifer Japanese Larch 2017 2017 1 conifer Pinus sylvestris Scots 2001 2017 2 Asellus aquaticus Water hog lice/slaters 2010 2010 4 crustacean Cladocera water flea 2010 2010 3 crustacean Crangonyx pseudogracilis Freshwater Shrimp (non-native) 2010 2010 4 crustacean Gammarus Freshwater Shrimp 2001 2010 2 crustacean Oniscus asellus Common Shiny Woodlouse 2017 2017 1 fern Athyrium filix-femina Lady-fern 1987 2001 2 fern Dryopteris dilatata Broad Buckler-fern 1987 2001 3 fern Dryopteris filix-mas Male-fern 2001 2001 4 flatworm Planariidae 2010 2010 2 flatworm Tricladida 2010 2010 1 flowering Acer campestre Field Maple 2001 2001 1 Acer platanoides Norway Maple 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Acer pseudoplatanus Sycamore 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Achillea millefolium Yarrow 2001 2001 3 flowering plant Achillea ptarmica Sneezewort 1987 2001 13 flowering plant Aegopodium podagraria Ground-elder 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Agrostis capillaris Common Bent 1999 2001 9 flowering plant Agrostis gigantea Black Bent 2001 2001 2 flowering plant Agrostis stolonifera Creeping Bent 1987 2001 8 flowering plant Ajuga reptans Bugle 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Alchemilla vulgaris agg. Lady's-Mantle 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Alisma plantago-aquatica Water-plantain 1987 2001 3 flowering plant Alnus glutinosa Alder 1999 2001 3 flowering plant Grey Alder 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Alopecurus geniculatus Marsh Foxtail 1987 2001 3 flowering plant Alopecurus pratensis Meadow Foxtail 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Angelica sylvestris Wild Angelica 1987 2001 8 flowering plant Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass 1987 2001 7 flowering plant Anthriscus sylvestris Cow Parsley 2001 2001 4 flowering plant Aquilegia vulgaris Columbine 1987 1987 1 4 of 16 Cardowan Moss species list 17/10/2017

Group Taxon Common Name Earliest Latest Records flowering plant Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass 2001 2001 7 flowering plant Artemisia vulgaris Mugwort 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Aster novi-belgii Confused Michaelmas-daisy 1987 1987 1 flowering plant Bellis perennis Daisy 1987 2001 3 flowering plant Betula pendula Silver Birch 2001 2001 2 flowering plant Betula pubescens Downy Birch 1987 2001 6 flowering plant Buddleja davidii Butterfly-bush 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Callitriche platycarpa Various-leaved Water-starwort 1987 1999 2 flowering plant Callitriche stagnalis Common Water-Starwort 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Calluna vulgaris Heather 1987 2001 9 flowering plant Caltha palustris Marsh-marigold 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Campanula rotundifolia Harebell 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Capsella bursa-pastoris Shepherd's-purse 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Cardamine flexuosa Wavy Bitter-cress 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Cardamine hirsuta Hairy Bitter-cress 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Cardamine pratensis Cuckooflower 1987 2001 4 flowering plant echinata Star Sedge 2001 2001 2 flowering plant Carex flacca Glaucous Sedge 2001 2001 3 flowering plant Carex leporina Oval Sedge 2001 2001 3 flowering plant Carex nigra Common Sedge 1987 2001 4 flowering plant Carex rostrata Bottle Sedge 1987 2001 4 flowering plant nigra Common Knapweed 1987 2001 5 flowering plant Cerastium fontanum Common Mouse-ear 1987 2001 4 flowering plant Chamerion angustifolium Rosebay Willowherb 1987 2001 10 flowering plant Cirsium arvense Creeping Thistle 1987 2017 11 flowering plant Cirsium palustre Marsh Thistle 1987 2001 9 flowering plant Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle 2001 2001 4 flowering plant Cornus Dogwood 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Corylus avellana Hazel 2001 2001 2 flowering plant Cotoneaster Cotoneaster 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn 2001 2015 5 flowering plant Crepis Hawk's-beard 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Crocosmia x crocosmiiflora Montbretia 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Cynosurus cristatus Crested Dog's-tail 2001 2001 4 5 of 16 Cardowan Moss species list 17/10/2017

Group Taxon Common Name Earliest Latest Records flowering plant Cytisus scoparius Broom 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot 1987 2001 8 flowering plant Dactylorhiza fuchsii Common Spotted-orchid 1999 2001 5 flowering plant Dactylorhiza purpurella Northern Marsh-orchid 1987 1999 2 flowering plant Deschampsia cespitosa Tufted Hair-Grass 1987 2001 12 flowering plant Deschampsia flexuosa Wavy Hair-grass 1987 2001 6 flowering plant Drosera rotundifolia Round-leaved Sundew 1987 2010 5 flowering plant Eleocharis palustris Common Spike-rush 1987 2001 5 flowering plant Elymus caninus Bearded Couch 2001 2001 2 flowering plant Elytrigia repens Common Couch 1987 2001 4 flowering plant Epilobium ciliatum American Willowherb 1987 2001 9 flowering plant Epilobium hirsutum Great Willowherb 1987 2001 5 flowering plant Epilobium montanum Broad-leaved Willowherb 2001 2001 2 flowering plant Epilobium palustre Marsh Willowherb 1999 2001 6 flowering plant Epipactis helleborine Broad-leaved Helleborine 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Erica tetralix Cross-leaved Heath 1987 2010 8 flowering plant Eriophorum angustifolium Common Cottongrass 1987 2001 7 flowering plant Eriophorum vaginatum Hare's-tail Cottongrass 1987 1999 3 flowering plant Euphrasia arctica subsp. borealis Eyebright 1999 1999 1 flowering plant Euphrasia officinalis agg. Eyebright 1987 2001 4 flowering plant Fagus sylvatica Beech 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Fallopia japonica Japanese Knotweed 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Festuca ovina agg. Sheep's Fescue agg. 1987 2001 3 flowering plant Festuca rubra Red Fescue 1987 2001 4 flowering plant Festuca rubra agg. Red Fescue 1999 1999 1 flowering plant Fraxinus excelsior Ash 2001 2001 2 flowering plant Galeopsis bifida Bifid Hemp-nettle 1999 1999 1 flowering plant Galeopsis tetrahit Common Hemp-nettle 1987 1987 1 flowering plant Galium aparine Cleavers 1987 2001 3 flowering plant Marsh-bedstraw 1987 2001 8 flowering plant Galium saxatile Heath Bedstraw 1987 2001 3 flowering plant Galium verum Lady's Bedstraw 2001 2001 2 flowering plant Geranium molle Dove's-foot Crane's-bill 1987 1987 1 flowering plant Geum urbanum Avens 2017 2017 1 6 of 16 Cardowan Moss species list 17/10/2017

Group Taxon Common Name Earliest Latest Records flowering plant Glyceria fluitans Floating Sweet-grass 1987 2001 4 flowering plant Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed 1987 2001 9 flowering plant vulgatum Pale-headed Hawkweed 1987 1987 1 flowering plant Hippuris vulgaris Mare's-tail 1987 2001 4 flowering plant Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog 1987 2001 16 flowering plant Creeping Soft-grass 1987 2001 2 flowering plant Hydrangea macrophylla 2017 2017 1 flowering plant maculatum Imperforate St John's-wort 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Hypericum perforatum Perforate St John's-wort 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Hypochaeris radicata Cat's-ear 1987 2001 8 flowering plant Ilex aquifolium Holly 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Juncus articulatus Jointed Rush 1987 2001 4 flowering plant Juncus bufonius Toad Rush 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Juncus bulbosus Bulbous Rush 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Juncus conglomeratus Compact Rush 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Soft-rush 1987 2001 17 flowering plant Lamium album White Dead-nettle 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Lathyrus pratensis Meadow Vetchling 1987 2001 8 flowering plant Lemna minor Common Duckweed 2010 2010 1 flowering plant Lemna trisulca Ivy-leaved Duckweed 2010 2010 1 flowering plant Leucanthemum vulgare Oxeye Daisy 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Linaria vulgaris Common Toadflax 1999 2001 3 flowering plant Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass 2001 2001 4 flowering plant Lonicera periclymenum Honeysuckle 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Lotus corniculatus Common Bird's-foot-trefoil 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Lotus pedunculatus Greater Bird's-foot-trefoil 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Luzula campestris Field Wood-rush 1987 1999 2 flowering plant Luzula multiflora Heath Wood-rush 1987 1987 1 flowering plant Lychnis flos-cuculi Ragged-Robin 2013 2013 1 flowering plant Lysimachia punctata Dotted Loosestrife 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Lythrum salicaria Purple-loosestrife 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Malus sylvestris Crab Apple 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Matricaria chamomilla Scented Mayweed 2013 2013 1 flowering plant Mentha arvensis Corn Mint 2001 2001 3 7 of 16 Cardowan Moss species list 17/10/2017

Group Taxon Common Name Earliest Latest Records flowering plant Mercurialis perennis Dog's Mercury 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Molinia caerulea Purple Moor-grass 1987 2001 6 flowering plant Myosotis arvensis Field Forget-me-not 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Myosotis laxa Tufted Forget-me-not 1987 2001 7 flowering plant Myosotis scorpioides Water Forget-me-not 1987 1987 1 flowering plant Nardus stricta Mat-grass 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Odontites vernus Red Bartsia 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Persicaria maculosa Redshank 2001 2001 4 flowering plant Phalaris arundinacea Reed Canary-grass 1987 2001 2 flowering plant Phleum pratense Timothy 2001 2001 6 flowering plant Pilosella aurantiaca Fox-and-cubs 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Pilosella aurantiaca subsp. carpathicola Fox and Cubs 1999 1999 1 flowering plant Pilosella officinarum Mouse-ear-hawkweed 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Plantago lanceolata Ribwort Plantain 1987 2001 6 flowering plant Plantago major Greater Plantain 1987 2001 2 flowering plant Platanthera chlorantha Greater Butterfly-orchid 2008 2010 5 flowering plant Poa annua Annual Meadow-grass 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Poa humilis Spreading Meadow-grass 1999 1999 1 flowering plant Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass 1987 2001 3 flowering plant Polygonum aviculare Knotgrass 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Populus balsamifera Eastern Balsam-poplar 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Populus tremula Aspen 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Potamogeton natans Broad-leaved Pondweed 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Potentilla anserina Silverweed 2001 2001 2 flowering plant Potentilla erecta Tormentil 1987 2010 7 flowering plant Potentilla palustris Marsh Cinquefoil 2001 2001 2 flowering plant Prunella vulgaris Selfheal 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Prunus avium Wild Cherry 2001 2004 2 flowering plant Prunus spinosa Blackthorn 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Quercus petraea Sessile Oak 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Quercus robur Pedunculate Oak 2001 2001 2 flowering plant Quercus rubra Red Oak 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Ranunculus acris Meadow Buttercup 1987 2001 3 flowering plant Ranunculus aquatilis agg. Water Crowfoot 2001 2001 1 8 of 16 Cardowan Moss species list 17/10/2017

Group Taxon Common Name Earliest Latest Records flowering plant Ranunculus flammula Lesser Spearwort 1987 2001 4 flowering plant Ranunculus omiophyllus Round-leaved Crowfoot 1987 1987 1 flowering plant Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup 1987 2001 14 flowering plant Ranunculus sceleratus Celery-leaved Buttercup 1987 1987 1 flowering plant Rhinanthus minor Yellow-rattle 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Rosa canina agg. Dog Rose 1999 2001 3 flowering plant Rosa rugosa Japanese Rose 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Rubus fruticosus agg. Bramble 1987 2001 5 flowering plant Rubus idaeus Raspberry 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Rumex acetosa Common Sorrel 1987 2001 11 flowering plant Rumex acetosella Sheep's Sorrel 1987 2001 2 flowering plant Rumex crispus Curled Dock 1987 2001 5 flowering plant Broad-leaved Dock 1987 2001 7 flowering plant Sagina procumbens Procumbent Pearlwort 1987 1987 1 flowering plant Salix caprea Goat Willow 1987 2001 8 flowering plant Salix cinerea Common Sallow 1987 2001 8 flowering plant Sambucus nigra Elder 2001 2001 2 flowering plant Scorzoneroides autumnalis Autumn Hawkbit 1987 2001 2 flowering plant Senecio jacobaea Common Ragwort 1987 2001 6 flowering plant Solidago canadensis Canadian Goldenrod 2001 2001 2 flowering plant Sorbus aucuparia Rowan 2001 2001 2 flowering plant Sparganium erectum Branched Bur-reed 1987 2001 3 flowering plant Stachys palustris Marsh Woundwort 1987 2001 7 flowering plant Stachys sylvatica Hedge Woundwort 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Stellaria alsine Bog Stitchwort 1987 1987 1 flowering plant Stellaria media Common Chickweed 1999 1999 1 flowering plant Devil's-bit Scabious 1999 2001 5 flowering plant Symphoricarpos albus Snowberry 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Symphytum officinale Common Comfrey 2001 2001 1 flowering plant officinale agg. Dandelion 1987 2001 2 flowering plant Tilia x europaea Lime 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Torilis japonica Upright Hedge-parsley 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Tragopogon pratensis Goat's-beard 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Trichophorum germanicum Deergrass 2017 2017 1 9 of 16 Cardowan Moss species list 17/10/2017

Group Taxon Common Name Earliest Latest Records flowering plant Trifolium campestre Hop Trefoil 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Trifolium dubium Lesser Trefoil 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Trifolium hybridum Alsike Clover 2001 2001 2 flowering plant Red Clover 1999 2001 3 flowering plant Trifolium repens White Clover 1987 2001 9 flowering plant Tussilago farfara Colt's-foot 1987 2008 9 flowering plant Typha angustifolia Lesser Bulrush 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Typha latifolia Bulrush 1987 2001 6 flowering plant Ulex europaeus Gorse 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Ulmus glabra Wych Elm 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Common Nettle 1987 2001 8 flowering plant Vaccinium myrtillus Bilberry 1987 2001 2 flowering plant Valeriana officinalis Common Valerian 2001 2001 3 flowering plant Veronica beccabunga Brooklime 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Veronica serpyllifolia Thyme-leaved Speedwell 2017 2017 1 flowering plant Vicia cracca Tufted Vetch 1987 2001 10 flowering plant Vicia hirsuta Hairy Tare 2001 2001 3 flowering plant Vicia sativa Common Vetch 2001 2001 1 flowering plant Vicia sepium Bush Vetch 2001 2001 4 fungus Auricularia auricula-judae Jelly Ear 2011 2011 1 fungus Bulgaria inquinans Black Bulgar 2017 2017 1 fungus Clavulina 2017 2017 1 fungus Daedalea quercina Oak Mazegill 2017 2017 1 fungus Ganoderma 2017 2017 1 fungus Helvella lacunosa Elfin Saddle 2017 2017 1 fungus Hygrocybe miniata Vermilion Waxcap 2017 2017 1 fungus Laccaria laccata Deceiver 2017 2017 1 fungus Lactarius blennius Beech Milkcap 2017 2017 1 fungus Lactarius vellereus Fleecy Milk-Cap 2017 2017 1 fungus Leccinum scabrum Brown Birch-Bolete 2013 2013 1 fungus Leotia lubrica Jellybaby 2017 2017 1 fungus Lycoperdon perlatum Common Puffball 2011 2017 2 fungus Lycoperdon pyriforme Stump Puffball 2017 2017 1 fungus Mycena epipterygia Yellowleg Bonnet 2017 2017 1 10 of 16 Cardowan Moss species list 17/10/2017

Group Taxon Common Name Earliest Latest Records fungus Mycena pura Lilac Bonnet 2017 2017 1 fungus Nectria cinnabarina Coral-Spot Fungus 2017 2017 1 fungus Phlebia tremellosa Jelly Rot 2017 2017 1 fungus Rhytisma acerinum Tar-Spot Fungus 2017 2017 1 fungus Trametes 2017 2017 1 harvestman Leiobunum rotundum 2017 2017 1 hornwort Anthoceros agrestis Field Hornwort 2002 2003 1 hornwort Phaeoceros laevis 2002 2003 1 horsetail Equisetum arvense Field Horsetail 1987 2017 7 horsetail Equisetum fluviatile Water Horsetail 1987 1987 1 horsetail Equisetum sylvaticum Wood Horsetail 2001 2001 1 - alderfly Sialis lutaria Alder 2010 2010 1 insect - Adalia bipunctata 2-spot Ladybird 2013 2013 1 insect - beetle Adalia decempunctata 10-spot Ladybird 2010 2010 1 insect - beetle Agabus nebulosus 2010 2010 2 insect - beetle Agabus sturmii 2010 2010 1 insect - beetle Altica palustris 2017 2017 1 insect - beetle Anacaena globulus 2010 2010 1 insect - beetle Anacaena lutescens 2010 2010 2 insect - beetle Coccinella septempunctata 7-spot Ladybird 2017 2017 2 insect - beetle Dytiscus 2011 2011 4 insect - beetle Gyrinus substriatus 2010 2010 1 insect - beetle Haliplus ruficollis 2010 2010 2 insect - beetle Helophorus aequalis 2010 2010 4 insect - beetle Helophorus flavipes 2010 2010 1 insect - beetle Helophorus grandis 2010 2010 4 insect - beetle Helophorus granularis 2010 2010 1 insect - beetle Helophorus minutus 2010 2010 2 insect - beetle Helophorus obscurus 2010 2010 1 insect - beetle Hydraena riparia 2010 2010 2 insect - beetle Hydrobius fuscipes 2010 2010 3 insect - beetle Hydroporus erythrocephalus 2010 2010 1 insect - beetle Hydroporus gyllenhalii 2010 2010 1 insect - beetle Hydroporus memnonius 2010 2010 1 11 of 16 Cardowan Moss species list 17/10/2017

Group Taxon Common Name Earliest Latest Records insect - beetle Hydroporus nigrita 2010 2010 2 insect - beetle Hydroporus palustris 2010 2010 2 insect - beetle Hydroporus planus 2010 2010 2 insect - beetle Hydroporus pubescens 2010 2010 1 insect - beetle Hydroporus striola 2010 2010 1 insect - beetle Hydroporus umbrosus 2010 2010 1 insect - beetle Hygrotus impressopunctatus 2010 2010 1 insect - beetle Ilybius ater 2010 2010 1 insect - beetle Ilybius montanus 2010 2010 1 insect - beetle Laccobius bipunctatus 2010 2010 2 insect - beetle Laccophilus minutus 2010 2010 1 insect - beetle Limnobaris 2010 2010 1 insect - beetle Nebria brevicollis 2017 2017 1 insect - beetle Phyllobius 2006 2006 1 insect - beetle Pterostichus niger 2017 2017 1 insect - beetle Rhagonycha fulva Common Red Soldier Beetle 2017 2017 1 insect - beetle Rhantus exsoletus 2010 2010 1 insect - beetle Rhantus frontalis 2010 2010 1 insect - beetle Rhantus suturalis 2010 2010 1 insect - beetle Scirtidae 2010 2010 3 insect - butterfly Aglais io Peacock 2000 2013 11 insect - butterfly Aglais urticae Small Tortoiseshell 1996 2013 7 insect - butterfly Anthocharis cardamines Orange-tip 2010 2013 3 insect - butterfly Aphantopus hyperantus Ringlet 2008 2013 9 insect - butterfly Coenonympha pamphilus Small Heath 2001 2013 5 insect - butterfly Lycaena phlaeas Small Copper 1996 2017 4 insect - butterfly Maniola jurtina Meadow Brown 2001 2010 10 insect - butterfly Pieris brassicae Large White 2003 2010 3 insect - butterfly Pieris napi Green-veined White 1996 2017 14 insect - butterfly Polyommatus icarus Common Blue 2003 2010 4 insect - butterfly Vanessa atalanta Red Admiral 2004 2013 3 insect - butterfly Vanessa cardui Painted Lady 1996 2009 5 insect - caddis fly Anabolia nervosa 2010 2010 1 insect - caddis fly Athripsodes aterrimus 2010 2010 1 12 of 16 Cardowan Moss species list 17/10/2017

Group Taxon Common Name Earliest Latest Records insect - caddis fly Limnephilus lunatus 2010 2010 1 insect - caddis fly Limnephilus stigma 2010 2010 3 insect - caddis fly Limnephilus vittatus 2010 2010 1 insect - dragonfly Aeshna juncea Common Hawker 2003 2005 3 insect - dragonfly Coenagrion puella Azure Damselfly 2010 2010 2 insect - dragonfly Ischnura elegans Blue-tailed Damselfly 2001 2017 7 insect - dragonfly Sympetrum danae Black Darter 2017 2017 1 insect - dragonfly Sympetrum striolatum Common Darter 2001 2015 16 insect - dragonfly Zygoptera damselflies 2010 2010 2 insect - earwig Forficula auricularia Common Earwig 2017 2017 1 insect - hymenopteran Bombus campestris Field Cuckoo Bee 2017 2017 1 insect - hymenopteran Bombus hortorum Small Garden Bumble Bee 2017 2017 1 insect - hymenopteran Bombus lapidarius Large Red Tailed Bumble Bee 2017 2017 1 insect - hymenopteran Common Carder Bee 2010 2017 4 insect - hymenopteran Bombus pratorum Early Bumble Bee 2010 2010 2 insect - hymenopteran Bombus terrestris Buff-Tailed Bumble Bee 2017 2017 1 insect - hymenopteran Ichneumonidae 2017 2017 1 insect - hymenopteran Sphecodes monilicornis Square-headed Blood Bee 2017 2017 4 insect - hymenopteran Tenthredo arcuata a sawfly 2017 2017 1 insect - lacewing Chrysopidae green lacewing 2010 2010 1 insect - mayfly Cloeon dipterum Pond 2010 2010 3 insect - moth Alucita hexadactyla Twenty-plume Moth or Many-plumed Moth 2010 2010 1 insect - moth Arctia caja Garden Tiger 2006 2006 1 insect - moth Cabera pusaria Common White Wave 2010 2010 1 insect - moth Camptogramma bilineata Yellow Shell 2017 2017 1 insect - moth Ceramica pisi Broom Moth 2017 2017 1 insect - moth Chiasmia clathrata Latticed Heath 2010 2010 1 insect - moth Chrysoteuchia culmella Garden Grass-veneer 2017 2017 1 insect - moth Eulithis testata Chevron 2003 2003 1 insect - moth Geometra papilionaria Large Emerald 2010 2010 1 insect - moth Pyralidae pyralid moths 2017 2017 1 insect - moth Rivula sericealis Straw Dot 2010 2010 1 insect - moth Udea lutealis Pale Straw Pearl 2017 2017 2 insect - moth Xanthorhoe montanata Silver-ground Carpet 2010 2010 2 13 of 16 Cardowan Moss species list 17/10/2017

Group Taxon Common Name Earliest Latest Records insect - moth Xylena vetusta Red Sword-grass 2010 2010 1 insect - moth Yponomeuta evonymella Bird-cherry Ermine 2017 2017 1 insect - moth Zygaena filipendulae Six-spot Burnet 2008 2008 1 insect - orthopteran Omocestus viridulus Common Green Grasshopper 1999 2017 3 insect - stonefly Nemoura cinerea 2010 2010 2 insect - true bug viridis 2017 2017 1 insect - true bug Closterotomus norwegicus Potato Capsid 2017 2017 1 insect - true bug Gerris lacustris Common Pondskater 2010 2010 3 insect - true bug Grypocoris stysi 2010 2010 1 insect - true bug Hesperocorixa sahlbergi a lesser water-boatman 2010 2010 1 insect - true bug wagneri 2017 2017 1 insect - true bug Neolygus contaminatus 2017 2017 1 insect - true bug Nepa cinerea Water Scorpion 2010 2010 1 insect - true bug Notonectidae 2010 2010 1 insect - true bug Pentatoma rufipes Forest Bug 2010 2010 1 insect - true bug Philaenus spumarius Cuckoo-Spit Insect 2017 2017 1 insect - true bug Sigara nigrolineata 2010 2010 1 insect - true bug Stenodema holsata 2017 2017 1 insect - true fly Baccha elongata 2017 2017 1 insect - true fly Ceratopogonidae Mosquitos or gnats 2010 2010 1 insect - true fly Chaetostomella cylindrica 2017 2017 1 insect - true fly Chaoboridae Phantom or ghost midges 2010 2010 1 insect - true fly Chironomidae Non-biting midges 2010 2010 4 insect - true fly Culicidae Mosquito 2010 2010 3 insect - true fly Dasysyrphus pinastri 2010 2010 1 insect - true fly Epistrophe grossulariae 2010 2010 1 insect - true fly Episyrphus balteatus Marmalade Hoverfly 2010 2010 1 insect - true fly Eristalis arbustorum 2010 2010 1 insect - true fly Eristalis horticola 2010 2010 1 insect - true fly Eristalis intricarius 2010 2017 2 insect - true fly Eristalis pertinax 2017 2017 1 insect - true fly Eristalis tenax 2010 2010 2 insect - true fly Haematopota 2010 2010 1 insect - true fly Helophilus hybridus 2010 2010 2 14 of 16 Cardowan Moss species list 17/10/2017

Group Taxon Common Name Earliest Latest Records insect - true fly Helophilus pendulus 2010 2017 2 insect - true fly Leucozona glaucia 2010 2017 4 insect - true fly Leucozona lucorum 2010 2010 2 insect - true fly Melanostoma mellinum 2017 2017 1 insect - true fly Melanostoma scalare 2010 2017 10 insect - true fly Myathropa florea 2010 2010 1 insect - true fly Neoascia podagrica 2017 2017 1 insect - true fly Pipiza noctiluca 2010 2017 2 insect - true fly Platycheirus albimanus 2010 2010 1 insect - true fly Platycheirus granditarsus 2010 2010 1 insect - true fly Platycheirus scambus 2010 2010 1 insect - true fly Rhagio tringarius Marsh Snipefly 2010 2010 1 insect - true fly Sericomyia silentis 2017 2017 1 insect - true fly Syrphus ribesii 2010 2010 3 insect - true fly Tipulidae Cranefly 2010 2010 1 insect - true fly Volucella bombylans 2010 2010 2 insect - true fly Volucella pellucens 2010 2010 3 lichen Lichenomphalia umbellifera 2017 2017 1 lichen Peltigera canina 2001 2001 1 liverwort Aneura pinguis Greasewort 1987 1987 1 liverwort Calypogeia fissa Common Pouchwort 1999 1999 1 liverwort Calypogeia muelleriana Mueller's Pouchwort 1987 1987 1 liverwort Cephalozia connivens Forcipated Pincerwort 1987 1987 1 liverwort Cephaloziella divaricata Common Threadwort 1999 1999 1 liverwort Fossombronia wondraczekii Acid Frillwort 2002 2003 1 liverwort Gymnocolea inflata Inflated Notchwort 1987 1999 2 liverwort Lophocolea bidentata Bifid Crestwort 1987 1987 1 liverwort Marchantia polymorpha Common Liverwort 1987 1987 1 liverwort Mylia anomala Anomalous Flapwort 1999 1999 1 liverwort Nardia scalaris Ladder Flapwort 1987 1987 1 liverwort Riccia glauca Glaucous Crystalwort 2002 2003 1 mollusc Cepaea hortensis White-lipped Snail 2017 2017 1 mollusc Cepaea nemoralis Brown-lipped Snail 2017 2017 1 mollusc Galba truncatula Dwarf Pond Snail 2010 2010 1 15 of 16 Cardowan Moss species list 17/10/2017

Group Taxon Common Name Earliest Latest Records mollusc Limacus maculatus Green Cellar Slug 2017 2017 1 mollusc Lymnaea 2010 2010 1 mollusc Physa fontinalis Bladder snails 2010 2010 1 mollusc Pisidium Indet. Pea Mussel 2010 2010 1 mollusc Radix balthica Wandering Snail 2010 2010 1 mollusc Succineidae 2010 2010 1 moss Atrichum undulatum Common Smoothcap 2001 2001 2 moss Atrichum undulatum var. undulatum Common Smoothcap 1987 1987 1 moss Aulacomnium palustre Bog Groove-moss 2001 2001 1 moss Brachythecium rutabulum Rough-stalked Feather-moss 1987 1987 1 moss Calliergon cordifolium Heart-leaved Spear-moss 2001 2001 2 moss Calliergonella cuspidata Pointed Spear-moss 2001 2001 4 moss Campylopus fragilis Brittle Swan-neck Moss 1999 1999 1 moss Campylopus pyriformis var. pyriformis Dwarf Swan-neck Moss 1987 1987 1 moss Ceratodon purpureus Redshank 1987 1987 1 moss Dicranella cerviculata Red-neck Forklet-moss 1987 1987 1 moss Drepanocladus 2001 2001 1 moss Funaria hygrometrica Common Cord-moss 1987 1987 1 moss Hylocomium splendens Glittering Wood-moss 2001 2001 1 moss Mnium hornum Swan's-neck Thyme-moss 1987 1987 1 moss Pleurozium schreberi Red-stemmed Feather-moss 2001 2001 1 moss Pohlia nutans Nodding Thread-moss 1987 1999 2 moss Polytrichum commune Common Haircap 1987 2001 6 moss Polytrichum formosum Bank Haircap 1987 1987 1 moss Polytrichum juniperinum Juniper Haircap 1987 1987 1 moss Polytrichum strictum Strict Haircap 1987 1999 2 moss Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Springy Turf-moss 2001 2001 2 moss Sphagnum compactum Compact Bog-moss 1987 2001 2 moss Sphagnum fallax Flat-topped Bog-moss 1987 1987 1 moss Sphagnum fimbriatum Fringed Bog-moss 1987 2001 2 moss Sphagnum palustre Blunt-leaved Bog-moss 1987 1987 1 moss Sphagnum papillosum Papillose Bog-moss 1987 2001 3 moss Sphagnum recurvum a bog-moss 2001 2001 1 moss Sphagnum tenellum Soft Bog-moss 1987 1987 1 16 of 16 Cardowan Moss species list 17/10/2017

Group Taxon Common Name Earliest Latest Records terrestrial mammal Arvicola amphibius Water Vole 2008 2017 7 terrestrial mammal Capreolus capreolus Roe Deer 1999 2015 17 terrestrial mammal Lepus europaeus Brown Hare 2008 2008 1 terrestrial mammal Microtus agrestis Field Vole 2003 2003 1 terrestrial mammal Mustela erminea Stoat 1995 1995 1 terrestrial mammal Mustela nivalis Weasel 2001 2015 3 terrestrial mammal Pipistrellus Pipistrelle Bat species 2012 2012 1 terrestrial mammal Sciurus carolinensis Grey Squirrel 2017 2017 1 terrestrial mammal Sorex araneus Common Shrew 2017 2017 1 terrestrial mammal Talpa europaea Mole 2001 2003 2 terrestrial mammal Vulpes vulpes Red Fox 1999 2013 6