Viabilidad Y Germinación in Vitro De Taxones De Las Tribus Cymbidieae Y
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Minireview Article the Current Research Status of Endangered
Minireview Article The Current Research Status of Endangered Rhynchostylis retusa (L.) Blume: A Review ABSTRACT Orchids bear the crown of highly evolved ornamental floral specialization in the plant kingdom, but have poor medicinal background. Further, Rhynchostylis retusa (L.) Blume is much less studied plant species among Orchidaceae due to its overexploitation in the wild. This epiphytic herb belongs to the tropical areas and kept under endangered category by CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) that points out its abated natural population. In this sense, the aim is to document the past and present researches upon R. retusa highlighting the traditional and remedial uses, and to ignite the conservation awareness among the people. Keywords: Conservation, medicines, mythology, patents, taxonomy, tissue culture. 1. INTRODUCTION Orchidaceae (monocotyledons) are one of the largest families of the plant world extending from tropics to alpines along with a boon of astonishing beauty in their flowers [1]. Orchids are the richest among angiosperms with diverse species number (approximately >25,000) having epiphytes (more abundant, 73 %), lithophytes and ground plants [2,3]. Fossil records of orchids date back to 100 million years ago [4]. Actually the term ‘orchid’ coming from ‘orchis’ (Greek word) meaning testicle was given by Theophrastus (372-286 B.C.), who reported the use of orchid roots as aphrodiasic. Despite of huge family size, orchids are largely exploited and traded for their ornamental flower diversity but less attention is paid towards their remedial properties. According to Reinikka, the first evidence of the use of orchids as medicines comes from Shênnung’s Materia Medica in 28th century B.C. -
Diversity and Distribution of Vascular Epiphytic Flora in Sub-Temperate Forests of Darjeeling Himalaya, India
Annual Research & Review in Biology 35(5): 63-81, 2020; Article no.ARRB.57913 ISSN: 2347-565X, NLM ID: 101632869 Diversity and Distribution of Vascular Epiphytic Flora in Sub-temperate Forests of Darjeeling Himalaya, India Preshina Rai1 and Saurav Moktan1* 1Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, B.C. Road, Kolkata, 700 019, West Bengal, India. Authors’ contributions This work was carried out in collaboration between both authors. Author PR conducted field study, collected data and prepared initial draft including literature searches. Author SM provided taxonomic expertise with identification and data analysis. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript. Article Information DOI: 10.9734/ARRB/2020/v35i530226 Editor(s): (1) Dr. Rishee K. Kalaria, Navsari Agricultural University, India. Reviewers: (1) Sameh Cherif, University of Carthage, Tunisia. (2) Ricardo Moreno-González, University of Göttingen, Germany. (3) Nelson Túlio Lage Pena, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil. Complete Peer review History: http://www.sdiarticle4.com/review-history/57913 Received 06 April 2020 Accepted 11 June 2020 Original Research Article Published 22 June 2020 ABSTRACT Aims: This communication deals with the diversity and distribution including host species distribution of vascular epiphytes also reflecting its phenological observations. Study Design: Random field survey was carried out in the study site to identify and record the taxa. Host species was identified and vascular epiphytes were noted. Study Site and Duration: The study was conducted in the sub-temperate forests of Darjeeling Himalaya which is a part of the eastern Himalaya hotspot. The zone extends between 1200 to 1850 m amsl representing the amalgamation of both sub-tropical and temperate vegetation. -
Review Article Organic Compounds: Contents and Their Role in Improving Seed Germination and Protocorm Development in Orchids
Hindawi International Journal of Agronomy Volume 2020, Article ID 2795108, 12 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2795108 Review Article Organic Compounds: Contents and Their Role in Improving Seed Germination and Protocorm Development in Orchids Edy Setiti Wida Utami and Sucipto Hariyanto Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia Correspondence should be addressed to Sucipto Hariyanto; [email protected] Received 26 January 2020; Revised 9 May 2020; Accepted 23 May 2020; Published 11 June 2020 Academic Editor: Isabel Marques Copyright © 2020 Edy Setiti Wida Utami and Sucipto Hariyanto. ,is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. In nature, orchid seed germination is obligatory following infection by mycorrhizal fungi, which supplies the developing embryo with water, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals, causing the seeds to germinate relatively slowly and at a low germination rate. ,e nonsymbiotic germination of orchid seeds found in 1922 is applicable to in vitro propagation. ,e success of seed germination in vitro is influenced by supplementation with organic compounds. Here, we review the scientific literature in terms of the contents and role of organic supplements in promoting seed germination, protocorm development, and seedling growth in orchids. We systematically collected information from scientific literature databases including Scopus, Google Scholar, and ProQuest, as well as published books and conference proceedings. Various organic compounds, i.e., coconut water (CW), peptone (P), banana homogenate (BH), potato homogenate (PH), chitosan (CHT), tomato juice (TJ), and yeast extract (YE), can promote seed germination and growth and development of various orchids. -
Orchids of Suspa-Kshamawoti, Dolakha -An Annotated Checklist
Banko Janakari, Vol 29 No. 2, 2019 Pp 28‒41 Karki & Ghimire https://doi.org:10.3126/banko.v29i2.28097 Orchids of Suspa-Kshamawoti, Dolakha -An annotated checklist S. Karki1* and S. K. Ghimire1 Suspa-Kshamawoti area of Dolakha district covers diverse vegetation types and harbors many interesting species of orchids. This paper documents 69 species of orchids covering 33 genera based on repeated field surveys and herbarium collections. Of them, 50 species are epiphytic (including lithophytes) and 19 species are terrestrial. Information regarding habit and habitat, phenology, host species and elevational range of distribution of each species are provided in the checklist. Keywords : Bulbophyllum, Nepal, Orchidaceae rchids are one of the most diverse and contributions on documentation of orchid flora are highly evolved groups of flowering made by Bajracharya (2001; 2004); Rajbhandari Oplants, and orchidaceae is the largest and Bhattrai (2001); Bajracharya and Shrestha family comprising 29,199 species and are (2003); Rajbhandari and Dahal (2004); Milleville globally distributed (Govaerts et al., 2017). Out and Shrestha (2004); Subedi et al. (2011); of them, two-third belong to epiphytes (Zotz and Rajbhandari (2015); Raskoti (2015); Raskoti and Winkler, 2013). In Nepal, orchidaceae is one of Ale (2009; 2011; 2012; 2019) and Bhandari et al. the major families amongst the higher flowering (2016 b; 2019). Suspa-Kshamawoti, the northern plants and comprises 502 taxa belonging to 108 part of the Dolakha district covers diverse genera, which forms around 8 percent of our flora vegetation and harbors some interesting species (Raskoti and Ale, 2019). The number of species of orchids. Bhandari et al. -
Inter-American Division Fast Facts and Mission Posts Second Quarter 2021
Inter-American Division Fast Facts and Mission Posts Second Quarter 2021 Colombia 1. The Seventh-day Adventist Church in Colombia is comprised of the North Colombian Union Conference and the South Colombian Union Conference. There are 1,758 churches, 889 companies, and 286,131 members. In a population of 50,374,000, there is one member for every 176 people in Colombia. 2. In 1894, Frank C. Kelley went from the United States to Bogota as a self-supporting missionary, paying his expenses by teaching English and selling photographic goods. He went back to the U.S. for a time, married, and then returned to Colombia, but his wife’s health required their return to the U.S. in 1899. The Kelleys returned to Colombia in December 1920, where they worked for two and a half years before permanently returning in 1923. 3. In the early nineteenth century, Adventists went to the islands of San Andres and Providencia, which belong to Colombia but are located north of Panama. In 1901, S. Parker Smith (son of Uriah Smith) and his wife opened a school on San Andres. In 1908, Smith wrote in the Review and Herald that there was a church of 19 members on San Andres and a larger one on Providencia, and that Adventist work was carried largely through the school on the islands. During 1916 and 1917, several colporteurs entered mainland Colombia. 4. About 90% of Colombians are Christian, mostly Roman Catholic (71%–79%), with a significant minority of Protestants (17%). The rest of the population is atheist or agnostic or claim to believe in God but do not follow a specific religion, and a fraction of a percent adhere to non-Christian religions. -
Guanacas Reserve Orchid Diversity
DIVERSITY OF ORCHID SPECIES IN GUANACAS RESERVE, ANTIOQUIA - COLOMBIA Progress Report No. 1 to the Conservation Committee of the American Orchid Society (Project funding from AOS) Dino J. Tuberquia M. Biologist Santiago Cardona Biology student Esteban Dominguez Biology student Fundación Guanacas Bosques de Niebla October 2019 Medellin - Colombia PRESENTATION The preliminary results of the orchideological exploration carried out in the Guanacas reserve, municipality of Santa Rosa de Osos, funded by the Conservation Committee of the American Orchid Society are presented in this report. A first four-day field trip was made during the month of September 2019, in which 50 morphospecies of orchids, belonging to 15 genera, were collected. The material was herbalized and is in the process of identification. The preliminary list of species and photographic file is presented. INTRODUCTION Orchids, without a doubt, constitute not only the group of flowering plants (angiosperms) with the largest number of species in the world, but also one of the most charismatic of the plant kingdom. The particular shapes and attractive colors of its flowers have historically attracted the attention of naturalists, horticulturists, taxonomists, artists, and society in general, which recreates in them, the greatest inspiration that nature could express in a flower. Even for the most profane in the knowledge of plants, the concept of orchid is synonymous with high expression of beauty, design and color. Orchids, like no other flower, have touched the most intimate fiber of sensitivity of human beings, thus becoming a natural reference to admire and contemplate in the plant world. Orchids are part of the flora in almost all the terrestrial ecosystems of the world, and Colombia, due to its geographical position and geological particularities, has been privileged as the representativeness of species of this group, positioning itself between the first two countries, jointly with Ecuador, with greater wealth of orchids in the world (Minambiente and U. -
Independent Degradation in Genes of the Plastid Ndh Gene Family in Species of the Orchid Genus Cymbidium (Orchidaceae; Epidendroideae)
RESEARCH ARTICLE Independent degradation in genes of the plastid ndh gene family in species of the orchid genus Cymbidium (Orchidaceae; Epidendroideae) Hyoung Tae Kim1, Mark W. Chase2* 1 College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook University, Daegu, Korea, 2 Jodrell Laboratory, Royal a1111111111 Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, United Kingdom a1111111111 * [email protected] a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 Abstract In this paper, we compare ndh genes in the plastid genome of many Cymbidium species and three closely related taxa in Orchidaceae looking for evidence of ndh gene degradation. OPEN ACCESS Among the 11 ndh genes, there were frequently large deletions in directly repeated or AT- Citation: Kim HT, Chase MW (2017) Independent rich regions. Variation in these degraded ndh genes occurs between individual plants, degradation in genes of the plastid ndh gene family apparently at population levels in these Cymbidium species. It is likely that ndh gene trans- in species of the orchid genus Cymbidium fers from the plastome to mitochondrial genome (chondriome) occurred independently in (Orchidaceae; Epidendroideae). PLoS ONE 12(11): e0187318. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. Orchidaceae and that ndh genes in the chondriome were also relatively recently transferred pone.0187318 between distantly related species in Orchidaceae. Four variants of the ycf1-rpl32 region, Editor: Zhong-Jian Liu, The National Orchid which normally includes the ndhF genes in the plastome, were identified, and some Cymbid- Conservation Center of China; The Orchid ium species contained at least two copies of that region in their organellar genomes. The Conservation & Research Center of Shenzhen, four ycf1-rpl32 variants seem to have a clear pattern of close relationships. -
NEWSLETTER December 2014
NEWSLETTER December 2014 Volume 9 Issue #12 CLUB NEWS December 2 Christmas Auction We had lots of fun at our annual Christmas Auction. More and there were salads, appetizers, potato and vegetable than 50 members and guests met at the Moultrie Trails casseroles, and smoked turkey for dinner and lots of cakes Clubhouse for camaraderie, food and flowers. and goodies for dessert. Yum! Our party planners Linda Stewart, Dianne Batchelder We installed our 2015 officers and directors, including our and Janis Croft did a great job reinventing newest members to the Board Janis Croft, Mary Colee and our Christmas celebration, including the Dianne Batchelder. crafting of centerpieces that were raffled With our Auctioneer Extraordinaire in Las Vegas, we off. changed our format to a silent auction. There was some Our pot luck dinner was delicious. lively last minute bidding before Prez Bob declared the Barbara Conrad made southern ham bidding to be closed. We had lots of people asking about Continued on page 3 December 2014 Page 1 CLUB NEWS March 3 SAOS Meeting, 7 pm Peter Lin, Diamond Orchids Neofinetia falcata and Its Hybrids 6-8 Englewood Area Orchid Society Show Englewood Methodist Church 6-8 Martin County Orchid Society Show Martin County Fairgrounds Upcoming Orchid Events 7 SAOS at Ace Hardware, 9 am til 1 pm December 3050 US 1 S in St. Augustine Repotting and Plant Clinic 7 JOS Christmas Auction, 5:30 pm 7-8 Tampa Bay Orchid Society Show Orange Park Country Club Egypt Shrine Center 2525 Country Club Blvd, Orange Park 10 JOS Meeting, 7 pm Speaker and Topic TBA January 3-4 Sarasota Orchid Society Show Sarasota Municipal Auditorium St. -
Assessing the Flowering Genetic Regulatory Network in Neotropical Orchids †
Proceedings Assessing the Flowering Genetic Regulatory Network in Neotropical Orchids † Yesenia Madrigal 1, Diego Ospina-Zapata 1, Andrea Ramírez-Ramírez 1, Juan Fernando Alzate 2 and Natalia Pabón-Mora 1,* 1 Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Biología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia; [email protected] (Y.M.); [email protected] (D.O.-Z.); [email protected] (A.R.-R.) 2 Centro Nacional de Secuenciación Genómica, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +57-321-772-0164 † Presented at the 1st International Electronic Conference on Plant Science, 1–15 December 2020; Available online: https://iecps2020.sciforum.net/. Published: 30 November 2020 Abstract: During the reproductive transition in flowering plants a vegetative apical meristem (SAM) transforms into an inflorescence meristem (IM) that forms bracts and flowers. In grasses, like rice, a Genetic Regulatory Network (GRN) controlling reproductive transitions has been identified. It includes the integration of promoters and repressors from different gene lineages with active duplication events during angiosperm diversification. With the objective to understand the evolution and expression of flowering GRN in Orchidaceae, we performed comprehensive phylogenetic analyses of all genes from the flowering GRN and analyzed by RT-PCR the expression of targeted homologs in key developmental stages. Our ML results indicate that FT/TFL1, FD, FLC/FUL, SOC1 and AGL24/SVP gene lineages have been subject to multiple duplications in monocots as well as in Orchidaceae. Conversely, FLC genes are lost in Orchidaceae, suggesting major changes in the repression of flowering. -
Submitted by the Commission to the Council on 29 July 1980
No C 243/16 Official Journal of the European Communities 22. 9. 80 Proposal for a Council Regulation on the implementation in the Community of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (Submitted by the Commission to the Council on 29 July 1980) THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN laying down restrictions and a strict control of inter- COMMUNITIES, national trade in specimens of endangered species of wild fauna and flora; Having regard to the Treaty establishing the Euro- pean Economic Community, and in particular Arti- Whereas the measures relating to the application of cle 113 thereof, the Convention to trade must not affect the free movement of products within the Community and, as Having regard to the proposal from the Commis- a result, these measures should apply only to trade sion, with third countries; Having regard to the opinion of the European Parlia- Whereas the existence of non-harmonized national ment, implementing measures implies a risk that distortions of competition within the Community could arise; Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee, Whereas the Convention concerns animals and Whereas a Convention on International Trade in En- plants, whether living or dead, and readily recogniz- dangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora was able parts and derivatives thereof; whereas, to make opened for signature on 3 March 1973; whereas this the application of the Convention effective, a com- Convention is intended to protect endangered spe- mon list of the most important -
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species Treaty
ARTICLE I ENDANGERED SPECIES ARTICLE II(4) CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA The Contracting States, RECOGNIZING that wild fauna and flora in their many beautiful and varied forms are an irreplaceable part of the natural systems of the earth which must be protected for this and the generations to come; CONSCIOUS of the ever-growing value of wild fauna and flora from aesthetic, scientific, cultural, recreational and economic points of view; RECOGNIZING that peoples and States are and should be the best protectors of their own wild fauna and flora; RECOGNIZING, in addition, that international cooperation is essential for the protection of certain species of wild fauna and flora against over-exploitation through international trade; CONVINCED of the urgency of taking appropriate measures to this end; HAVE AGREED as follows: ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS For the purpose of the present Convention, unless the context otherwise requires: (a) "Species" means any species, subspecies, or geographically separate population thereof; (b) "Specimen" means: (i) any animal or plant, whether alive or dead; (ii) in the case of an animal: for species included in Appendices I and II, any readily recognizable part or derivative thereof; and for species included in Appendix III, any readily recognizable part or derivative thereof specified in Appendices III in relation to the species; and (iii) in the case of a plant: for species included in Appendix I, any readily recognizable part or derivative thereof; and for species -
Vivianebarbosafreitas.Pdf
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA GRANDE DOURADOS FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS E AMBIENTAIS GRADUAÇÃO EM BIOTECNOLOGIA Viviane Barbosa Freitas INFLUÊNCIA DO MEIO DE CULTURA, TIPO E CONCENTRAÇÃO DE CITOCININA NA MULTIPLICAÇÃO IN VITRO DE Brassavola tuberculata HOOK. DOURADOS - MS Março/2017 Viviane Barbosa Freitas INFLUÊNCIA DO MEIO DE CULTURA, TIPO E CONCENTRAÇÃO DE CITOCININA NA MULTIPLICAÇÃO IN VITRO DE Brassavola tuberculata HOOK. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso apresentado à Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, como parte das exigências do curso de Bacharelado em Biotecnologia, da Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e Ambientais, sob a orientação da Profa. Dra. Cláudia Roberta Damiani. DOURADOS - MS Março/2017 Dados Internacionais de Catalogação na Publicação (CIP). F866i Freitas, Viviane Barbosa INFLUÊNCIA DO MEIO DE CULTURA, TIPO E CONCENTRAÇÃO DE CITOCININA NA MULTIPLICAÇÃO IN VITRO DE Brassavola tuberculata HOOK. / Viviane Barbosa Freitas -- Dourados: UFGD, 2017. 31f. : il. ; 30 cm. Orientadora: Cláudia Roberta Damiani TCC (Graduação em Biotecnologia) - Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e Ambientais, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados. Inclui bibliografia 1. Orquídeas. 2. Micropropagação. 3. Regulador de crescimento. I. Título. Ficha catalográfica elaborada automaticamente de acordo com os dados fornecidos pelo (a) autor(a). ©Direitos reservados. Permitido a reprodução parcial desde que citada a fonte. AGRADECIMENTOS No decorrer da faculdade algumas pessoas sempre estiveram ao meu lado e de alguma forma ou de outra me ajudaram a percorrer este caminho, desde uma simples carona até conselhos para a vida toda. Afinal, nenhuma batalha é vencida sozinha. Primeiro, agradeço a DEUS que me permitiu chegar onde estou e concede a graça de perceber a beleza da sua criação. À professora Dra.