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Assessing the Training and Operational Proficiency of China's
C O R P O R A T I O N Assessing the Training and Operational Proficiency of China’s Aerospace Forces Selections from the Inaugural Conference of the China Aerospace Studies Institute (CASI) Edmund J. Burke, Astrid Stuth Cevallos, Mark R. Cozad, Timothy R. Heath For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/CF340 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available for this publication. ISBN: 978-0-8330-9549-7 Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. © Copyright 2016 RAND Corporation R® is a registered trademark. Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions. The RAND Corporation is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. Support RAND Make a tax-deductible charitable contribution at www.rand.org/giving/contribute www.rand.org Preface On June 22, 2015, the China Aerospace Studies Institute (CASI), in conjunction with Headquarters, Air Force, held a day-long conference in Arlington, Virginia, titled “Assessing Chinese Aerospace Training and Operational Competence.” The purpose of the conference was to share the results of nine months of research and analysis by RAND researchers and to expose their work to critical review by experts and operators knowledgeable about U.S. -
China Data Supplement
China Data Supplement October 2008 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC ......................................................................... 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC ..................................................................... 29 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership ...................................................................... 36 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries ......................................................................... 42 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations .............................................................................................. 45 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR................................................................................................................ 54 LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR....................................................................................................................... 61 LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan .............................................................................................................................. 66 LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Studies Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 October 2008 The Main National Leadership of the -
Journal of Current Chinese Affairs
China Data Supplement March 2008 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC ......................................................................... 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC ..................................................................... 31 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership ...................................................................... 38 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries ......................................................................... 54 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations .............................................................................................. 56 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR ................................................................................................................ 58 LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR ....................................................................................................................... 65 LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan .............................................................................................................................. 69 LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Studies Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 March 2008 The Main National Leadership of the -
Journal of Current Chinese Affairs
3/2006 Data Supplement PR China Hong Kong SAR Macau SAR Taiwan CHINA aktuell Journal of Current Chinese Affairs Data Supplement People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: Institute of Asian Affairs Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax:(040)4107945 Contributors: Uwe Kotzel Dr. Liu Jen-Kai Christine Reinking Dr. Günter Schucher Dr. Margot Schüller Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC LIU JEN-KAI 3 The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC LIU JEN-KAI 22 Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership LIU JEN-KAI 27 PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries LIU JEN-KAI 30 PRC Laws and Regulations LIU JEN-KAI 34 Hong Kong SAR Political Data LIU JEN-KAI 36 Macau SAR Political Data LIU JEN-KAI 39 Taiwan Political Data LIU JEN-KAI 41 Bibliography of Articles on the PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, and on Taiwan UWE KOTZEL / LIU JEN-KAI / CHRISTINE REINKING / GÜNTER SCHUCHER 43 CHINA aktuell Data Supplement - 3 - 3/2006 Dep.Dir.: CHINESE COMMUNIST Li Jianhua 03/07 PARTY Li Zhiyong 05/07 The Main National Ouyang Song 05/08 Shen Yueyue (f) CCa 03/01 Leadership of the Sun Xiaoqun 00/08 Wang Dongming 02/10 CCP CC General Secretary Zhang Bolin (exec.) 98/03 PRC Hu Jintao 02/11 Zhao Hongzhu (exec.) 00/10 Zhao Zongnai 00/10 Liu Jen-Kai POLITBURO Sec.-Gen.: Li Zhiyong 01/03 Standing Committee Members Propaganda (Publicity) Department Hu Jintao 92/10 Dir.: Liu Yunshan PBm CCSm 02/10 Huang Ju 02/11 -
Say Hello to the New Guys
Say Hello to the New Guys James Mulvenon In late July 2012, six officers, two from the People’s Armed Police and four from the People’s Liberation Army, were promoted to the rank of full general, the highest possible rank in the service. The order was conferred by the presumably outgoing Central Military Commission Chairman, Hu Jintao, but was announced by his likely successor, Xi Jinping. This article examines the backgrounds of these six individuals, assessing whether they might represent new trends under Xi’s leadership. Introduction On 30 July 2012, six officers, two from the People’s Armed Police and four from the People’s Liberation Army, were promoted to the rank of full general, the highest possible rank in the service: • Lieutenant General Liu Yazhou, 60, the political commissar of the National Defense University; • Lieutenant General Wang Jianping, 59, commander of the PAP; • Lieutenant General Xu Yaoyuan, 60, political commissar of the PAP; • Lieutenant General Du Jincai, 60, deputy head of the PLA’s General Political Department; • Lieutenant General Tian Xiusi, 62, political commissar of the Chengdu Military Command; and • Lieutenant General Du Hengyan, 61, political commissar of the Jinan Military Command. Xi Jinping, vice chairman of the Central Military Commission, announced the order signed on 28 June by Chairman Hu Jintao of the Central Military Commission on the promotion to the military rank of general and the order signed jointly by Premier Wen Jiabao of the State Council and Chairman Hu Jintao of the Central Military Commission on the promotion to the police rank of Armed Police general.1 The rank promotion ceremony itself was presided over by Guo Boxiong, vice chairman of the Central Military Commission. -
“Young Guards”: the Recent High Turnover in the PLA Leadership (Part I: Purges and Reshuffles)
Promoting “Young Guards”: The Recent High Turnover in the PLA Leadership (Part I: Purges and Reshuffles) Cheng Li The continuing consolidation of power has been the most noticeable trend under the leadership of Xi Jinping since the 18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party in November 2012. Undoubtedly, a key component in this strengthening of both Xi’s personal power and his new administration’s authority has centered on the military domain. Xi has gone about the consolidation process through several important political and tactical moves, including the purges of the two highest-ranking generals under the previous administration on corruption and other charges; the arrest of over 40 senior military officers on various charges of wrongdoing; large-scale reshuffling of generals between regions, departments, and services; ongoing efforts to reform the PLA structure and operations; and, most importantly, the rapid promotion of “young guards” (少壮派) in the Chinese military. All of these bold measures will have profound implications—not only for Xi’s political standing in preparation for the next leadership turnover in 2017, but also for the trajectory of civilian-military relations in the country and for the assessment of China’s military modernization. The first installation in this series focuses on the recent purges and reshuffling of military leaders, which has significant consequences in the political dynamics of present-day China. It is an old saying in the history of the Chinese Communist movement that “political power grows out of the barrel of a gun.”1 Although this famous Mao Zedong slogan emphasizes the Communist doctrine that the party commands the army in seizing and retaining state power, a top party leader’s consolidation of personal power cannot be achieved without strong support from the military. -
Chinabrief a Guide to China's New Military Leadership
ChinaBrief Guide to the Central Military Commission s November 18, 2012 China Brief’s Guide to Central Military CoMMission s noveMBer 18, 2012 In This Special Report: New CMC ViCe ChairMeN StroNG adVoCateS for JoiNt, ModerN Military By oriana Skylar Mastro, Michael S. Chase and Benjamin S. Purser, iii 2 ParSiNG the SeleCtioN of ChiNa’S New hiGh CoMMaNd By By daniel tobin, Kim fassler and Justin Godby 5 ProfeSSioNaliSM aNd faCtioNaliSM iN the Pla leaderShiP SeleCtioN By willy lam 9 hu JiNtao’S douBtful future oN the CeNtral Military CoMMiSSioN By Peter Mattis 12 General Xu Qiliang, New Central Military Commission Vice Chairman aSSeSSiNG the Pla’S ProMotioN ladder to CMC MeMBer BaSed oN GradeS vs. raNKS – Part 1 China Brief is a bi-weekly jour- By Kenneth w. allen 14 nal of information and analysis aSSeSSiNG the Pla’S ProMotioN ladder to CMC MeMBer BaSed oN covering Greater China in Eur- GradeS vs. raNKS – Part 2 asia. By Kenneth w. allen 17 China Brief is a publication of The Jamestown Foundation, a A Guide to China’s New Military Leadership private non-profit organization based in Washington D.C. and On November 15, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) leadership announced the is edited by Peter Mattis. final member of the new Central Military Commission: CCP General Secretary Xi The opinions expressed in Jinping. Outgoing President Hu Jintao broke with past precedent by not retaining China Brief are solely those the Central Military Commission (CMC) chairmanship for two years after stepping of the authors, and do not down from other leadership posts. -
China's Incomplete Military Transformation
China’s Incomplete Military Transformation Assessing the Weaknesses of the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Michael S. Chase, Jeffrey Engstrom, Tai Ming Cheung, Kristen A. Gunness, Scott Warren Harold, Susan Puska, Samuel K. Berkowitz C O R P O R A T I O N NATIONAL SECURITY RESEARCH DIVISION China’s Incomplete Military Transformation Assessing the Weaknesses of the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Disclaimer: This research report was prepared at the request of the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission to support its deliberations. Posting of the report to the Commission's website is intended to promote greater public understanding of the issues addressed by the Commission in its ongoing assessment of U.S.-China economic relations and their implications for U.S. security, as mandated by Public Law 106-398 and Public Law 108-7. However, it does not necessarily imply an endorsement by the Commission or any individual Commissioner of the views or conclusions expressed in this commissioned research report. February 2015 Michael S. Chase, Jeffrey Engstrom, Tai Ming Cheung, Kristen A. Gunness, Scott Warren Harold, Susan Puska, Samuel K. Berkowitz Sponsored by the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/RR893 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available for this publication. ISBN: 978-0-8330-8830-7 Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. © Copyright 2015 RAND Corporation R® is a registered trademark. Cover: Chinese airborne troops parachute in an amphibious landing drill during the third phase of the Sino-Russian “Peace Mission 2005” joint military exercise, held in China's Shandong Peninsula in 2005 (AP Photo /Xinhua, Zha Chunming). -
Chinabrief in a Fortnight
ChinaBrief Volume XII s Issue 15 s August 4, 2012 Volume XII s Issue 15 s August 4, 2012 In This Issue: In A fortnIght By Peter Mattis 1 suCCessIng PolItICkIng ProBABly lIMItIng Bo fAMIly’s PunIshMents By Willy lam 3 Portents of ChAnge In ChInA’s soCIAl MAnAgeMent By samantha hoffman 5 ChInA Pushes onthe south ChInA seA, AseAn unIty CollAPses The Type 094 Jin-Class Submarine By Ian storey 8 (SSBN) WAyPoInt or DestInAtIon? the JIn-ClAss suBMArIne AnD ChInA’s Quest for seA-BAseD nuCleAr DeterrenCe China Brief is a bi-weekly jour- By Benjamin s. Purser, III and Michael s. Chase 11 nal of information and analysis covering Greater China in Eur- asia. In a Fortnight By Peter Mattis China Brief is a publication of The Jamestown Foundation, a private non-profit organization Looking AheAd At PoLitBuro PossiBiLities based in Washington D.C. and is edited by Peter Mattis. s the 18th Party Congress approaches and Chinese leaders enter their final rounds of horse trading, recent personnel changes suggest the future of The opinions expressed in A China Brief are solely those Chinese politics is starting to take shape both now and over the next five years. of the authors, and do not reportedly ensconced in the beach resort city of Beidaihe, Chinese leaders will necessarily reflect the views of sort out the selections for the Politburo and its standing Committee ahead of The Jamestown Foundation. the 17th Party Congress’ final plenary session in september (Duowei, July 31). While one new Politburo member appears set and at least one new general may have Politburo potential down the road, it is time to start looking at some of the mechanical choices—e.g. -
Data Supplement
2/2006 Data Supplement PR China Hong Kong SAR Macau SAR Taiwan Institut für Asienkunde Hamburg CHINA aktuell Journal of Current Chinese Affairs Data Supplement People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: Institute of Asian Affairs Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax:(040)4107945 Contributors: Uwe Kotzel Dr. Liu Jen-Kai Christine Reinking Dr. Günter Schucher Dr. Margot Schüller Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC LIU JEN-KAI 3 The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC LIU JEN-KAI 22 Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership LIU JEN-KAI 27 PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries LIU JEN-KAI 32 PRC Laws and Regulations LIU JEN-KAI 34 Hong Kong SAR Political Data LIU JEN-KAI 36 Macau SAR Political Data LIU JEN-KAI 39 Taiwan Political LIU JEN-KAI 41 CHINA aktuell Data Supplement - 3 - 2/2006 Dep.Dir.: CHINESE COMMUNIST Li Jianhua 03/07 PARTY Li Zhiyong 05/07 The Main National Ouyang Song 05/08 Shen Yueyue (f) CCa 03/01 Leadership of the Sun Xiaoqun 00/08 Wang Dongming 02/10 CCP CC General Secretary Zhang Bolin (exec.) 98/03 PRC Hu Jintao 02/11 Zhao Hongzhu (exec.) 00/10 Zhao Zongnai 00/10 Liu Jen-Kai POLITBURO Sec.-Gen.: Li Zhiyong 01/03 Standing Committee Members Propaganda (Publicity) Department Hu Jintao 92/10 Dir.: Liu Yunshan PBm CCSm 02/10 Huang Ju 02/11 Dep.Dir.: Jia Qinglin 02/11 Gao Junliang 00/10 Li Changchun 02/11 Guo Yiqiang 04/05 (Changes are underlined) Luo -
Part 3: Military Leaders)
China’s Midterm Jockeying: Gearing Up for 2012 (Part 3: Military Leaders) Cheng Li The PRC’s civilian-military relationship has always been a central concern among China watchers. Although the political leadership’s control over the military has not been challenged in the last two decades, several factors—a possibly ineffective civilian collective leadership, growing social tensions and public protests, and China’s great power aspirations amid a rapidly changing global environment—may all enhance the military’s influence and power in the years to come. The upcoming political succession in 2012 is expected to involve a large-scale turnover in both the civilian and military leadership. Based on in-depth analysis of the PRC’s 57 currently highest-ranking military officers, this essay aims to address the following important questions: Who are the most likely candidates to become the military’s top leadership at the 18th Party Congress? What are the group characteristics of these rising stars in the Chinese military? What can an analysis of the professional backgrounds and political networks of China’s top officers reveal about the new dynamics between civilian and military elites and the possible challenges that lie ahead?* No systematic analysis of the upcoming leadership transition in China is complete without an in-depth exploration of the current status and likely change of top military elites.1 Like authoritarian regimes elsewhere, China’s civilian leaders must have military support, in this case from the leadership of the People’s Liberation Army (PLA), in order to reach the pinnacle of power. This, of course, does not necessarily mean that military elites in China are able to serve as “kingmakers.” Quite the contrary, in the absence of a military strongman in today’s China, no PLA leader is able to play such a role. -
Journal of Current Chinese Affairs
Journal of C urrent Chinese Affairs China Data Supplement May 2009 People’s Republic of China Hong Kong SAR Macau SAR Taiwan China aktuell China Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC ......................................................................... 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC ..................................................................... 30 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership ...................................................................... 37 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries ......................................................................... 44 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations .............................................................................................. 47 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR................................................................................................................ 51 LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR....................................................................................................................... 58 LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan .............................................................................................................................. 63 LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Studies Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 May 2009 The Main National