1981 'ill ~lfori'fT if 'qU lf~ eltf'f(f;jcr qf'tfr ~ I ~T;;lI" it ;;rt1fj~T ifiT ij''fi"~., J!;fT if;. ~T. ~.r Glfrif if ~~a- ~Q; ~rl1) ~~ i'flf"{T ~ 5TT'ffI1'1i :srrj"lfU'fi'fT ~T~ fi'f~W'fi ~If1JTi'fT tff~'f, 11;1:f$fi!'11f ifi ~r.1 ;r'i~f' SIT~l:'ll # CJ;'f>" fqtq ~T fcr11'~~llml1'fi q" a-;:lfq~ ~crT ~ I
If~ f~~T '11. q'l!+r;:{T'ff 26 ri<>r, 1982 'ffTta if; ~T'{f~~R III
FOREWORD
The district census handbook (DCH), compiled by the census OI:ganisation on behalf of the State governments, is one of the most valuable products of the Census. The DCH is constantly referred to by planners, administrators, academicians and researchers. It is inter-Illia used for delimi tation of constituencies, formulation of local level and regional plans and as an aid to District administration. The district census handbook is the only puMication which provides Primary Census Abstract (PCA) data upto village level for the rural ar~as and wardwise for each city or town. It also provides data on infrastructure and amenities in villages and towns etc.
The district census handbook series was initiated during the 1951 Census. It contained important cenSllS tables and PCA for each viJIage and town of the district. During 1961 Census the scope of the DCH was enlarged and it contained a descriptive account of the district, administrative sta.tistics, census tables, village and town directory, including PCA. The 1971 DCH series was planned in three parts. Part-A related to village and town directory, Part-B to village and town PCA and Part-C comprised analytical report, administrative statistics, district census tables and certain analytical table. based on peA and amenity data in respect of villages. However, in some states it was confined to district cenSllS tables and in a few cases altogether given up due to delay in compilation and printing
While designing the format of 1981 OCR series some new features along with the restructuring of the formats of village and town directory have been attempted. At the same time, comparability with the 1971 data has also been kept in view. All the amenities except power supply in the village have heen brought together in the village directory with the instruction that in case an amenity is not available in the referrent village the distance in broad ranges from the nearest place where the amenity is available may be given. The restructuring of the format of the vii lage directory and incorporating more exhaustive data on infrastructure aspeCT particularly in relation to amenities and land-use pattern is expected to further meet the need of micro level planning for rural areas. It is expected to help not only in local area planning but regulating the provision of goods and services as well so as to minimise the regional imb ..llances in the process of development. A few new items of information have also been jptroduced to meet some of the requirements of the Revised Minimum Needs Programme Such new items of information as adult literacy centres, primary health sub-centres, and community health workers in the village have been introduced in the Village directory with this objective in mind. The new item on approach to the village is to have an idea about the villag~s in the district which are inaccessible. A new column, "total population and number of households" has been introduced to examine the correlation of the amenities with the population and numb~r of households they serve. Addition of two more appendices listing the vilJages where no amenities are availa ble and according to the proportion of schedult:d castes and scheduled tribes popUlation to the total populvtion has also heen made with thls view in mind.
The formats of the town dIrectory have also been modified to meet the requirements of the Minimum Needs Programme by providing informatwn on a few new items. A new statement on civic and other amenities in slums in class-I and Class-II towns (Statement IV-A) has been introduced with this objective in mind. It is expected that this will belp the planners to chalk out programmes on provision of civic amenities for the improvement of slums. The columns on Scheduled Castes and Scbed uled Tribes population in statement IV relating to civic and other amenities and adult literacy classes/centres under educational facilities in statement V are also added inter-alia with this iv
view. A. significant addition is class of town in all the seven statements of the town directory. Tbe infrastructure of amenities in urban areaS of the country can be best analysed by taking the class of towns into consideration. The addition oftbe columns on civic 'administration status and population in a few statements also serves thjs purpose.
The format of the primary census abstrrct for the villages and towns has been formulated in the light of changes in the economic and other questions canvassed through the individ ual slip of 1981 census.
In order to avoid delay in pUblication of 1981 DCH series it bas been so designed that Part-A of tbe volume contains village and town dIrectory and Part-B the PCA of villages and towns including the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes PCA upto Tahsil/Town levels. t\t the beginning of the DCH a detlliled analytical note supported by a number of inset tables based on PCA and non-census data in relation to the infraiOtructure has been introduced to enhance its valUe. The district and tahsil/police station,C D Block etc. level maps depicting the boundaries and other important features have been inserted at approprir.te places, to further enhance the value of the publication.
This publicatIOn is a joint venture vf the State Government and the Census Organisation. The data have been collected and compiled in the State under the direction of Sbri K. C. Dubey, the Director of CensuS OperatIOns, Madhya Pradesh on behalf of the State Govenunent which has borne the cost of printing. The task of planning, designing and coordination of this publication was carried out by Shri N. O. Nag. Deputy Registrar General (Social Studie.. ) of my office. Dr.B. K. Roy, Deputy Registrar General (Map) provided the technical gui(:ance jn the preparation of the maps. Data received from Census Directorates h.ave heen scrutinised in the Social Studies Division at the headquarters under the guidance of Sbri M. M. Dua, S~nior :z.~S;!arC,l Officer. [am thankful to all who have contributed in the project.
P. PADMANABHA REGISTRAR GENERAL. INDIA New Delhi the 26th April. 191D, PREFACE
One of the most important publications of the Census are the District Census Handbooks. This publication was begun in this caption since 1951 Census. But prior to this, a similar publication was rele$lsed in the Census earlier than 1951. That publication was on the title· of Village Statistics and it contains only village names and total population thereof. The 1951 Census eQuId, therefore, be said to represent a significant step in the process of making detailed Census statistics available down upto the village level.
In fact the District Census Handbook is the most important publication at the Census and is also perhaps the most widely used. Also perhaps this is the only publication used at the micro-level down upto the tahsil and development block. .
The form of the District Census Handbook has gone considerable change since 1951. This is basically due to the growing demand for more information. For the purpose of convenience as well as with a view of making the basic statistics availa ble with the data users as early as possible the District Census Handbooks have been split into 2 parts, Part-A contains the Introductory Note on the district· and Town/Village Directory. This volume will be found useful to get almost all the non-Census statistics available at one place. Part-B contains the Primary Census Abstract.
One of the innovation of the present Census has been in terms of allotment of Location Code numbers to the villages. In the earlier Censuses the location code system W,IS such that the villages of a Patwari Circle were found at different serial numbers. Since the Patwari Circle still remains an important administrative unit the location cod e numbers have been so given in the present Census that it may be possible to locate all the villages of a particular Patwari Circle at one place one below ·the other.
When the planning for the present census was started in 1979 the tahsils were $till revivable as an important unit of the administration, the whole planning was, therefore, done taking tahsil as the unit. It was during the course of the census that some requests were informally received for making blockwise data available. Since these requests were received verv late and were also received only in an informal manner, it has not been possible to disturb the original planning of villages arranged according to the location cod e numbers taking tahsil as one unit. However. additional exercise has been done and in addition to the tahsil figures blockwise figures have also been indicated. It is hoped that the availability of these blockwise data will enhance the utiltty of this publication.
It is hoped that this handbook will provide the basic statistical support to executive and dev.elopmental administration. It is needless to state tbat the proper implementation of policY depends on the ability of the administration autborities concerned.
It may be remembered that the villagewise area figures given in the Primary Census Ahstraci and the Village Directory are those based on the village papers while the tahsil totals given in peA are obtained from the Land Records department which in many cases exclude fores' area. vi
Tbe statistics that are contained in the Iilistrict census handbooks are the result of a massIVe and marathon exercise in the compilation and tabulation of voluminous statistics. The compilation of the statistics contained in tbis volume was carried out by 9 Regional Tabulation Offiees each under a Regional Deputy Diftctor of Census Operations. These Regional Offices were run 'with the help of purely temporary staff-roughly about 1,500 Tabulators, about 250 Checkers and about 80 Supervisors. I am grateful to my colleagues, the Regional Deputy Directors and those temporary staff for the speed and accuracy in the editing and basic compilation of more than nearly 522 lakh slips and nearly 1 lakh of household schedules. The compilation of village directory was taken up at the, headquarters and I am equally grateful to the officers and staff who have worked whole heartedly on the job in a collec tive and co-operative venture. It is not possible nor fair to name in this. The maps contained in the handbook have been prepared in the Cartographic Section of my office. However, the analytical note has been prepared by Shri Ram Singh, Deputy Director of Census Operations.
I am thankful to all who have contributed to bring this publication possible. The census organisation is abo grateful to the Government of Madhya Pradesh for having been so kind as to undertake the publication of these handbooks and to the Controller, Printing and Stationery. Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal and his staff for the printing arrangements made. The inspira tion behind this ambitious venture is that of our indefatigable Registrar General, Shri P. Padmanabha to whom we are all deeply grateful. OUf thanks are also due to Shri N. G. Nag, Deputy Registrar General (Social Studies) fOf all the help that we received from him and bis section.
K. C. DUBEY 'Director of Cens us Operation s , Madhya Pradesh. Bhopnl Janmashtami, 31 Aug. 19&3, IMPORTANT STATlSHCS
MADHY A PRADESH Damoh District Population Total Pcrsons 52,178,844 721,453 Males 26,886,305 374,684 Females 25,291,539 346,769 RUral Persons 41,592,385 617,4ZS Males 21,266,321 319,768 Females 20,326,064 297,660 Urban Persons to,586,459 104,025 Males 5,619,984 54,916 Females 4,966,475 49,109 Decennial Population Grow(h Rate 1971-81 25.27 2'5.85 Area (Sq. Kms.) 443,446.0 7,306.0 Density of popul ation (Per Sq. Km.) 118 99 Sex-ratio (Number of Females per 1,000 males) 941 925 Literacy rate Persons 27.87 29.99 Males 39.49 42.45 FelnaJes 15.53 16.52 Percentage of urban population to total population 20.29 14.42 Percentage to total population ( i ) Main Workers Persons 38.41 34.81 Male! 53.52 52.48 Females 22.35 J 5.72 ( ii ) Marginal Workers Po;:rsons 4.52 5.29 Males 0.96 0.92 Females 8.30 10.QO (iii ) Non-Workers Persons 57.07 59.90 Males 45.52 46.60 Fen'ales 69.35 74.28 Break-up of Main workers (percentage among main workers) ( i ) Cultivators Persons 51.96 38.89 Males 53.8\ 45.73 Females 47.28 '14.22 (ii) Agricultural Labourers Persons 24.24 23.21 Males 17.81 1<.1.29 Females 40.61 37.34 (iji) Household Industry Persons 3.52 19.21 Males 3.36 14.21 Females 3.93 37.24 (iv) Other workers Persons 20.28 18.69 Males 25.02 20.77 Females 8.18 1 1 . 2(} Percentage of Scheduled Castes Persons 14.10 20.5Z popnlation to total population Males 14.16 20.62 Females 14.04 20. 4 1 Percentage of SchedUled Tribes Persons 22.97 It.97 popul ation to tolal popUlation Males 22.33 11.64 Females 23.66 12.33 Number of occupied residential hOllses 8,929,190 131,346 Number of Villages Total 76,603 1,401 Inhabited 71,429* 1,193 Uninhabited 5,174 ** 208 Number of Towns 327 3 --_--- 'II Includes 77 inhabited villages Which have been treated wholly as urban outgrowth of nearby City/Town., ** J ncludes 58 uninhabited villalles of Which Abadi Area have been merged in nearby CitY/Town. MADHYA PRADESH DISTRICT DAMOH
1iI;::~~;iii;;=~iii~IZ! "'I~H 101 ~tLOIo(ETII.U
u
REFERENCE
BOUtIDARY.OISTRICT
TAH$~ . HEAl)QIJAATEI!S. O~TR . ,() ST~TE ,., IG T, TAHSIL __,,_lJ__ CI) _HWAY . METAl.LED ROAD. . IINllfTAlLJO ROAD ""_ ...... ---""os RAILWAV UNI WITH" STATION ~ . -L- RIVER AND STREAiI . ROAD GAUGE. ~c fOREST AREA VILLA~£ H4V1N~' ...... , J4VfU 1000 & ABOVE • UAMH AREA WITH PO POPULATION WITH NAME • 'L' PIUTION SIZ! • " II &IY ,. ~ ... T AND TELEGRAPH OFFl~; PTO DfGAfI COLLfGE REiT HOUlE NOTt '0 ,1ST IIUI SHOWN m NO' CL'.55"111. fC1~~qvr,~q. fC!'ttfVfT ANAL YTICAL NOTE
Jl.1
NOTES AND EXPLANATIONS
This note gives the meanings and explanation could be ensured and which would provide basis of terms and concepts used in this handbook. This for analysing of figures and urbanisation in the is necessary because, without a proper grasp of the country. But it has to be remembered that the meanings of such simple concepts as building,house, urban criterion of 1961 and 1971 censuses is that household, workers etc., it is not possible to appre the males working in activities such as fishing, ciate the data presented in the hand book. Thus logging, etc. Were treated as engaged in non-agri" 'one who does not know that an unpretentious hut cultural activity. and therefore contributed to the in the thick of Bastar forests with unplastered bam 75% criterion in 1961 and 1971 censuses, whereas boo walls and a thatch roof and with space hardly in the 1981 census tbese activities are tr,eated as on enough for two cots is not a bit less of a building par with cultivation and agricultural labour for the than the Indian versions of the sky scrapers, in one purpose of this criterion. of the metropolitan cities, or that a central jail household as the household of the most pious and Applying the criteria described above, a list of god-fearing citizen in the State, may not be able 327 towns was finalised and it is these 327 towns to appreciate what exactly the figures represent. which are treated as urban areas for the purpose of 1981 census. The additional Secretary to the Govt. Concepts and Definitions of India in the Ministry of Home Affairs sent a letter to the Chief Secretaries of the State Govern Rural/Urban: ments as back as 10th May, 1979, requesting them It has been the tradition of the Indian Census to ensure that no changes are made in j urisd iction to present the census data for rural and urban areas ,and boundaries of municipalities and revenue separately. In fact, in all the Censuses through villages, tahsils, sub·divisions and districts durin& out the wotld this classification of census data into the period from 1-1-1980 to 30-6-1981. However, rural and urban units is generally recognized. How subsequent to our finalization of rural and urban eVer. distinction between rural and urban is not yet frame the State Government in the Local Govern amenable to a single definition which would be ment Department notified many places as notified applicable to all countries. areas and municipalities. Such places have not been treated as towns for the purpose of census and the secretary to Government in the Local Govern The definition of an urban unit at the 1971 ment Department had, agreed to this arrangements. Cemus was as follows - Similarly, the State Government raised the status of (a) All places with a municipality, corporation (i municipal committees to that of municipal corpo cantonment board 0/ notified town area; rations. These neW municipal corporations are also' treated as municipal committees. (b) All (lther places wbich satisfied the follow ing ni teri a . While dealing with the subject of rural and urban (i) A miDlmum population of 5,000 ; break up mention may be made of the area under, (ii) At least 75 per cent of male working the Special Area Development Authority. The popuJaticn engaged in non-agricultural Special Area Development Authority have been pursuits; and constituted under the Madhya Pradesh Nagar Tatha (iii) A density of population of at least Gram Nivesh Adhiniyam, 1973 and they enjoy the 400 per sq. km. (1,000 per sq. miles). power to function as a munici pality so far as the municipal management of that area is concerned. The same criteria is retained at the 1981 census The limits of these Special Areas include large por so that comparability with the previous census tions of rural areas comprising number of villages xii situated around the core town or village of such (i) it should have a core town of a minimum Special area. For example, Orchha is a SADA population of 50,000, (ii) the contiguous areas area in Tikamgarb district but there is no town in made up of other urban as well as rural administra this area. Similarly, Malanj~ hand in BaJaghat tive units should have mutual socio-economic links district, Bheraghat in Jabalpur district, Mandav in with the core town and (iii) in all probability this Dhar district and similar other cases are SADA entire area should get fully urbanised in a period of areas but there is no urban area within that. The two or three decades. Certain Standard Urban objective of the SADA areas perhaps is to control Areas were determined on this basis in 197 and the future development of these areas in a planned some basic data wl!re presented for 1951, 1961 and manner and that is -all. It was, therefore, not con 1971 for such areas and their components. Similar sidered desirable to treat such SADA areas at par data have been presented for the Standard Urban with other urban bodies lIke mllnicipal corpora Areas in J9~1 also. The ieJea is to present basic tions, municipal committees etc., ;,nd only that part data for those areas for four to five decades so that of it is treated as urban which is really so. As !>uch the urbanisation process in these areas can be in the Korba SADA alea only Korba town has been studied. However, th~re have bec;n minimum changes treated as urban and rest of the area remains in the ill the comtituent units of the Standard Urban (llral frame. Areas of 1981 Censlisas.. compared to those of 1971. but the Ii~t of SUA remaiJ;led unchanged. Urban Agglomeration: Size Clasli of Towns :
Apart from town/city the 1971 concept of The urban areas are classified into 6 classes urba~ agglomeration is also ad opted (or the 1981 referred to as towns of Class I to VI. The classi cemus. Very often large railway colonies, university fication is shown below- caropuses, port a~eas, military camps etc., come up outside the statutory limits of the city or town but Class I towns 100,000 ana above adjoining it. Such areas may not by themselves Class II towns 50,000 to 99,999 qu~ lify to be treated as tow ns but if they form a Class III towns 20,000 to 49,999 contiguous spread with the town, they are out Class IV towns 10,000 to 19,999 growths of the town and deserve to be treated as Class V towns 5,000 to 9,9Y9 urban. Such towns toge ther with their ou tgrowths Class VI towns Less than 5,000 have been treated as one urban unit and called 'urban agglomeration'. An urban agglomeration It is customary to treat a town having a popu lation of 1 lac and above as a city. maY constitute :-
(a) A city with continuolls outgrowth. (the Census Honse: 'part of outgrowth bdng outsid e the statu A Census HOllse is a building or part of a build tory limits but falling within the bound ing having a separate main entrance from the road ari es of the adjoin ing village or villages); or common courtyard or staircase, etc., used or (b) One town with ~ilUilar outgrowth or two recognised as a separate unit. It may be occupied or more adjoining towns with their out or 'lac ant. It may be used for a residential or non growths as in (a); residential purpose or both. (c) A city and one or more adjoining towns If a building had a number of fiats or blocks' with their outgrowths all of which form a which were indepcndant of one another having continuous spread. separate entrances of their OWn from the road or a common staircase or a common courtyard leading Standard Urban Area: to a main gate, they have been considered as separate census houses. A. new concept of Standard Urban Area intro d uce:! in 1971 census will also be followed for the In some cases, however, it was difficult to 1981 Census. The essential requirements for the apply the definition strictly. For example, in an constitution of a Standard Urban Area are- urban area, a Out has five room!) ,each having direct xiii entrance to common staircase the or courtyard Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes which by definition had to be treated as five census houses. If all thel'e five rooms were found Scheduled Castes and Se.heduled Tribes are occupied by single household entire flat was treated those found in the Notification of Scheduled Castesl as One census house. In such cases singleness of Scheduled Tribes Order (Amendment) Act, 1976 use was taken, into consideration to avoid undue (l08 of 1976). By this amendment, area restrictions Proliferation of the number of census hou~es. for most of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes have been removed. However, the area An occupied residential census house means a restriction stilI remains in respect of Dhobi (in census house which is actually used for residential Bhopal, Ra isen anq Sehore districts): Kotwal and purposes, either wholly or partly by one or more Pardhi (in Bhind, Dhar Dewas, Guna, Gwalior, households. Indore, Jhabua, Khargone, Mandsaur, Morena, Household: Raigarh, Ratlam, Shajapur, Shivpuri, Ujjain and Vidisha Districts) and Kumhar (in Chhatarpur, The term household in census is defined as a Datia, Panna, Rewa, Satna, Shahdol, Sidhi and group of perso'ns who commonly live together and TIkamgarh districts) Sched uled Castes. Likewise would take their meals from a commOn kitchen Ket'r and Pardhi Scheduled Tribes are still restrict unless the exigencies of work prevented anyone of ed only in Bhopal, Raisen and Sehore districts; them from doing so. There may be a household of Mina in Sironj sub-division of Vidisha district; persons related by blood or a household of un Panika in Chhatarpur, Datia, Panna, Rewa, Satna, related persons or having a mix of both..' Examples Shahdol, Sidhi, and Tikamgarh districts; Pard hi, of unrelated households are boarding houses, mes Bahelia, Bahellia, Chita Pardhi, Langoli Pardhi, sess, hostels, resid ential hote Is, rescue homes, jails, Phanse Pa'rdhi, Shikari, Takankar, Takia in (I) "Ashrams" etc., These are called institutional Bastar, Chhindwara, Mandla, Raigarh, Seoni and households. There may be one member households Surguja districts, (2) Baihar tahsil of Balaghat two member households or multi - member district, (3). Betul and Bhainsdehi tabsils of Be lui households. For census purposes, each one of these district, (4) Bilaspur and Katghora tahsils of Bilas types is regarded as a 'hol:lsehold'. pur district, (5) Durg and Balod tabsils of Durg district, (6) Chowki, Manpur and Mohala Revenue There are three types of households viz, normal, Inspector's Circles of Rajnandgaon district. (7\ institutional and houseless households. A houseless Murwara, Patan and Sihora tahsils of Jabalpur household is that which is normally found to be district, (8) Hoshangabad and Sohagpur tahsils of residing on the road side, pavements, in hume pipes Hoshanga bad and Narsimhpur district, (9) Har under staircases, or in open, temple, mandaps, sud tahsil of Khandwa district, (10) Bindra-Nawa platforms and the like. Institutional households garh, Dhamtari and Mahasamund tahsils ofRaipur have been explained above. Those households which district. ' do not fall in the category of institutional hOusehold and houseless household have been categorised as normal households, The enumerator was required Persons belonging to lhe castes/tribes mention to indicate in the Household Schedule whether the ed above found in the districts other than those household belonged to 'Institutional household' or where Sched tiled have not been treated as sched ul ed castes Or scheduled tribes as the case may be. 'Houseless household'. For institutional 'I' was lt may be mentioned here that schl:duled castes can written against the question 'Type of household' belong to the Hindu or the Sikh rt:liglon only, and '0' was indicated in the case of ho'useless while the scheduled tribes belong to any Iellgion. household. For normal household, no entry was The list of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes required to be made, relating to Madhya Pradesh relevant to 1981 census The enumeration of institutional households ha~ been given immediately after t~is note as was done ;.1 the manner the normal households wen: Annexure-I. enumerated during the enumeration period from Literates and Educated Persons: 9th February to 28th February, 1981. The house less households were enumerated on the night of A person who can both read and write with 28th February. 1981. understanding in any language is treated as literate. x.iv
A p"erson whn can merely read but cannot write, is Censuses, the economic questions 'were based on not literate. It is not necessary that a person different approaches, namely, usual status and who is literate should have received any formal current status, were adopted with reference period education or should have passed any minimum of one year and one week for seasonal and for educational standard. regular work, respectively. Current status approach was thought to be irrelevant in the context of OUf The test for literacy was necessary only when country where usual status of a worker is consider the enumerator had any doubt about any person ed to be more appropriate. returning as 'literate'. The test for literacy was ability to read any portion of the Enumerator's The above questions are jn three parts and Instruction Booklet and to write a simple letter. have been designed in such a way that first of all Ability merely to sign one's name was not consider it attempts to d ivid e the population into two broad ed adequate to qualify a person as being able to groups viz., write with understanding. If a person claimed to ( 1) those who have worked any time at all be literate in some other language with which the during the last year, (2) those who have not work enumerator was not familiar, the respondent's word ed at all. was taken as correct. . The latter group consist of the non-workers. All children of the age of 4 years or less were Thls information is obtained in Q. 14-A. Ha ving treated as illiterate even jf they might be going to classified the population into two groups, tbe next school and had picked up reading and writing a attempt llas been to classify those whohavf: worked few words. any time into Main workers and Marginal workers, Classification of workers by Industrial Category: on, the basis of time spent on work as well as secondary work, if any, of the Main workers. If At the 198} Census, the questions which were a person had worked for six months or mere (180 canvassed in the Ind ividual slip to elicit informa days or more) he was treated as Main worker and tion on econumic characteristics of the population and if the period of work was less than six months' were as follows:- he was regarded as a Marginal worker. In Q. 15B details of secondary work Or marginal work are (i) Q. 14A Worked any t~me at all last Year '1 obtained. Finally an attempt bas been made to Yes determine whether those who are non·workers or -~- ---~-~-"~-~--~- (H/ST/D/R/B/ljO) No. marginal workers are seeking or are available for work. Q. l4B If yes in 14A, did you work for major
part of last )'ear? Yes(l)/No (2) rt will th liS be seen that these questions on economic aspects have been so designed as to ii Q. 15A Main activity last year? identify all workers, full time workers or seasonal Yes in 14B (CJAL/HHI/OW) workers or marginal workers and non-workers with "No in 14B (H/ST/D/R/B/I/O) reference to tbe activities during the last one year period prior to the date of enumeration. Q. 15B Yes-Any other work any time Jast year? 158 Q. 14B No-Work done any time lnst year? The various terms and definitions used in collecting the economic data have been explained Yes (C/AL/HfH/OW)/No briefly in the following paragraphs. - -C/AL/HHI/OW Definition of work : lii Q.16-1fNo in 14A or 148, seeking/available for work? Yes (1 )/No (2). Work has been defined as participation in any economically productive activity. SUch participa The above questions were formulated after tion may be physical or mental in nature. Work detailed discussion at the Data User's Conference involves not only actual work but also effective a.nd technical group. At the 1961 and" 1971 supervisIOn and direction of work. ltV
For persons on regular employment or engaged dependents, retired persons or rentiers, beggars, in regular type of work, temporary absence during inmates of institutions, unemployed persons etc. the reference period on account of illness, holiday, They are persons who have not worked any time at temporary closure, strike etc., was not a dis all in the year preceding the enumeration. ' qualification for treating them as workers. Main activity of workers: Persons under training, such as apprentices, w jth Or without stipends or wages were also treated The main activity of workers has been classified as workers. In the case of a person who had been into four categories viz., cultivator, agricultural offered work but had not actually joined, he was labourer, household indt~stry and other work in the not treated as a worker. Rent receivers, pensioners PCA at the 1981 census. A significant departure etc., were not treated as economically active unless has, therefore, been made while presenting tbe they also engaged themselves in some economic data on economic activity which relate to only four activity. broad categories indicated above as against nine industrial categories of the 1961 and the 1971 In all these questions, the reference period is censuses. The nine categories of the 1971 census the One year; preceding the date of enumeration. were-(i) Cultivator, (ii) Agricultural labourer, Certain types of work such as agriculture, house (iii) Livestock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting and hold industry likegur making etc., carried on either Plantations, OrchardS and allied activities, (iv) throughout the year or only during certain seasons Mining, (v) Manufacturing, Processing and servic or part of the year, depending on the local circum ing with sub-categories-(a) At Household Industry stance. In all such cases the reference period has and (b) Other than Household Industry, (vi) Con been the broad time span of the agricultural Sea struction. (vii) Trade and Commerce, (viii) Trans· sons preceeding the enumeration. port, Storage and Communications. and (iX) Other services. The COl respondence between the cate Main Workers: gories of 1981 and 1971 are as under- The main workers are those who have workeAgricultural Labourer: processing, servlcmg, repalflng or making and seIling (but no t· merely selling) of goods such as Persons working in another person's land for handloom weaving, dyeing, carpentry, bidi rolling, wages in money, kind or share have been treated as pottery manufacture, bicycle repairing, blacksmith agricultural labourers. An agricultural labourer ing, tailoring etc. It does not include professions has no risk in'the cultivation and he has no right of sUch as a pleader or doctor or barber or 'dhobi' lease or contract on land on which he works. even if such professions are run at home by mem bers of the household. Household Industry:
Household Industry is defined as an industry Otber workers: conducted by the head of the household himself/ herself and or by the members of the households at All workers, i.e. those who have been engaged home or within the village in rural areas and only wjthin the precincts of the house where the house in some economic activity during the last one year, hold lives in urban areas. The larger proportion who are not cultiVators or agricultural labourers or in household industry are 'other workers'. The of workers in a household industry should consist type of workers that come under this category of members of the household including the head. The industry should not be run on the scale of include factory workers, plantation workers, trade, commerce, business, transport, mining, con registered factory which would qualify and has to struction, political or social work, all government be registered under the Indian Factories Act. servants, municipal employees, teachers, priests, HOllsehold Ind ustry relates to production, entertainment artists etc. xvii
ANNEXURE I
MADHY A PRADESH
[ The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Orders (Amendment) Act, 1976] Dated the 18th September, 1976
SCbeduled Castes
1 Audhelia. 35 Kumhar (in Chhatarpur, Datia, Panna, Rewa, 2 Bagri, Bagdi. Satna, Shahdol, Sidhi and Tikamgarh districts) 3 Bahna, Bahana. 36 Mahar, Mehra, Mehar. 4 Balahi, Balai. 37 Mang, Mang Garodi, Mang Garudi. Dankhni 5 Banchada. Mang, Mang Mahasi, Maduri, Garudi, Radhe 6 Barahar, Basod. Mang. 7 Bargunda. 38 Meghwal. 8 Basor, Burud, Bansor, Bansodi, Bansphor, 39 Moghia. Basar. 40 Muskhan. 9 Bedia. 41 Nat, Kalbelia, Sapera, Navdigar, Kubutar. 10 Beldar, Sunkar. 42 Pardhi (in Bhind, Dhar, Dewas, Guna, Gwa 11 Bhangi, Mehtar, Balmik, Lulbegi, Dharkar. lior, Indore, Jhabua, Khargone, Mandsaur, IZ Bhanumati. Morena, Rajgarh, Ratlam, Shajapur, Shivpuri 13 Chadar. Ujjain and Vidisha Districts). 14 Chamar, Chamari. Bairwa. Bharnbi, Jatav, 43 Pasi. Mochi, Regar, Nona, Rohidas, Ramnami, 44 Rujjhar. Satnami, Surjyabanshi, Surjyaramnami, Ahir 45 Sansi, Sansia. war, Chamar Mangan. Raidas. 46 Silawat. IS Chidar. 47 Zamral. 16 'Chikwa, Chikvi. 17 Chitar. Scheduled Tribes 18 Dahait, Dahayat, Dahat. I Agariya. 19 Dewar. 2 Andh. 20 Dhanuk. 21 Dhed, Dher. 3 Baiga. 22 Dhobi (in Bhopal, Raisen and Sehore dis- 4 Bhaina. tricts) , 5 Bharia Bhumia, Bhiunhar Bhumia, Bhumiya, 23 Dohor. Bharia, Paliha, Pando. 24 Dom, Dumar, Dome, Domar, Doris. (, Bhattra. 25 Ganda, Gandi. 7 Bhil, Bhilala. Barela, Patelia. 26 Ghasi, Ghasia. 8 Bhil Mina 27 Holiya. 9 Bhunjia. 28 Kanjar. Hi Biar. Biyar. 29 Katia, Patharia. 11 Binjhwar. 30 Khatik. 12 Birhul. Bilhor. 31 Koli, Kori. 13 Damor, Damaria. 32 Kotwal (in Bhind, Dhar, Dewas, Guna, 14 Dhanwar Gwalior. Indore, Jhabua, Khargone,Mandsaur 15 Gadaba, Gad ba. Morena, Rajgharh, Ratlam, Shajapur, Shiv. 16 Goud: Arakh, Arrakh, Agaria, Asur, Badl puri, Ujjain, and Vidisha districts). Maria, Bada Maria, Bhatola, Bhimma, Bhuta 33 Khangar, Kanera, Mirdha. Koilabhuta, Koliabhuti, Bhar, Bisonhorn 34 Kucbbandhia. Maria, Chota Maria, Danrlami Maria. Dhuru, xviii
Dhurwa, Dhoba, Dhulia, DorIa, Gaiki, Gatta 3~ Oraon, Dhanka. nhan gad. Gatti, Gaita, Gond Gowari, Hill Maria, Kan 36 Panika (in Chhatarpur, Datia, Panna, Rewa, ora, Kalanga, Khatola, Koitar, Koya, Khirwar Khirwara, Kurha Maria, Kuchaki Maria. Satna, Shahdol, Sidhi and Tikamgarh distlicts.) Madia, Maria, Mana, Mannewar, Moghya, 37 Pao. Mogia, MOllghya, Mudia, Muria, Nagarchi, 38 Pardh~,n, Pathari, Saroti. Nagwansbi, Ojha, Raj, Sonjhari Jhareka, Thatia, Thotya, Wade Maria, Vade Maria, 39 Pardhi (in Bhopal,Raisen and Sehore districts) Daroi. 40 Pardhi, Bahelia, Bahellia, Chita Pardhi, Lan 17 Halba, Halbi. goli Pard hi, Phanse Pardhi, Shikari, Takankar 18 Kamar. Takia [in (1) Bastar, Chhindwara, Mandla, Raigarh, Seoni and Surguja districts, (2) Baihar 19 Karku. tahsil of Balsghat district. (3) Betul and 20 Kawar, Kanwar, Kaur, Chenva, Rathia, Tan- Bhainsdehi tahsils of Betul district, (4) Bilaspur war, Chattri and Katghora tahsils of Bilaspur district, 21 Keer (in Bhopal, Raisen and Sehore districts). (5) Durg and Balod tahsils of Durg district, 22 Khairwar, Kondar. (6) Chowki, Manpur and Mohla Revenue Inspectors' Circles of Rajnandgaon distIict, (7) Z3 Kharia. Murwara, Patan and Sihora tahsils of Jabalpur 24 Kondh, Khond, Kandh. district, (8) Hoshangabad and Sohagpur 25 Kol. tahsils of Hoshangabad district and Narsimha. 26 Kolaro. pur district, (9) Harsud tahsil of Khandwa 27 Korku, Bopchi, Mouasi, Nihal, Nahul, Bondhi district, (lO)Bindra-Nawagarh, Dhamtari a~d Mahasamund tahsils of Raipur district. Bondeya. 28 Korwa, Kodaku. 41 Parja. 29 Majhi. 42 Sahariya, Saharia, Seharia, Sehria, Sosia, Sor. 30 Majhwar. 43 Saonta, Saunta. 31 Mawasi. 32 Mina (in Sironj sub-division ofVidisha district) 44 Sauro 33 Munda. 45 Sawar, Sawara. 34 Nagesia, Nagasia. 46 Sonr. xix
HISTORY AND SCOPE OF DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK
The History of the District Census Handbook Thus the present series of District Census Hand oould be traced from the 'Village lists' brought out book consists of two volumes viz.• DeHB Part A for every district in 1901 and 'village statistics' for a~d DCHB Part B. Part A contains the village/Town every district 1911. But this was discontinlled Dlfectory and Part B contains the Town/Villagewise in 1921 and 1931. In 1941. however 'village statis Primary Census Abstract of the concerned district. tics' were brought out by then Central Provinces Part A-Village Directory contains information and BeraT Government. It was for the first time in about tbe name of village, total area of village, 19)1 the practice of bringing out a' single volume total population and number of hous,eholds in tb= known as tbe District Census Handbook, giving village, amenities like education. medical. drinking villagewise statistics and other census tables for wa!er, post and telegraphs, market day, communi tbe district at the cost of tbe State Government catlOns. approach to vil1age, distance from the was initiated and is continuing since then. nearest town, power supply, staple food. land use, places of religious, historical and archaeolollical The District Census Handbook, compiled by interest etl,;. the Census Organisation On behalf of the State Government is one of the most important publica In addition there are four appendices to the tions of the censu& and is widely used by planners. Village Directory as under- administrators. academicians and researchers. (I) Ta hsilwise abstract of educa'ional, med ical and other amenities. The scope of the District Census Handbook (2) Land utilIzation data in respect of census bas gone considerable change since 1951. In 1951 towns. the District CensUs Handbook contained only the (3) Tahsilwise list of villages wbere nQ ameni Primary Census Abstract and the Census tables. ties are available, and In view of the usefulness of this publication. improvements were: made in 196i by including non (4) Tahsilwise list of villages according to the census data like climate, agriculture, co-operation proportion of Scheduled Castes/SchedUled irib\:s population by ranges. inuustry, education, health etc., as also lil1 'lntro. ductory Note' for each district. Unfortunately, the The last twO appendices have been included for desire to make the district census handbook more the first time in 19S I ce~lSUS. Appendix III will be comprehensive delayed its pUblication. Therefore. helpful for planning input in areas/viilages where in 1971, it was decided to publish the district cen basic infra&tructure is lacking and Appendix tV will s.us handbook in three parts in order to release the be helpful for planning welfare programmes for maximum data as alld when finalised. Part A con Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes at micro level. tained the Village Directocy which gives villagewise particularly in relation to area development non-census statistics of land use, ar~a and amenities orientation programmes. avaHable within tbe village. Part B contained the Similarly the Town Directory contains seven village wise Primary Census Abstract and Part C contained various administrative statistics. Part A statements as below- and B were, however, published 'in one volume since Statement I-Status and growth history. it was economical to do so as data for both the Statement lI--Physical aspects and location parts became available early. Parts A and B were of towns. published separately in Hindi and E)lglif>h versions. Statement lIT-Municipal Finance. Collection of data for Part C was cumbursoroe ami Statement IV-Civic and other amenities· it took unduly long time in its finalisation, and Statement IVA-Civic and othet AmC'1ities in ultimately this publication had to be abondoned in Notified Slums. view of the enormous delay in its printing. Statement V-Medical, educational, recreatio nal and cultural facilities. In 1981 cellSUS, with a view to avoid delay in bringing out of DCH st!ries, the part containing Statement VI-Trade. Commerce & Incustry and the administrative statistics has been dropped. Banking. xx
An additional statement IV -A is mennt only industrial categories viz., cultivators, agricultural for Class-I and Class-ll towns giving the clvic and labourers, household industry and other workers, other amenities in notified slums. This statement marginal workers and nOD-workers. bas been introduced for the first time in 1981 census. The indu5ion of Primary Census Abstract relating to the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Part B-The town/villagewise Primary Census Tribes at the tahsil/town leve} is another impor Abstract gives the basic data like area of the village, tant feature 01 the DCHB series of }981 census. occupied residential houses, total number of bouse holds, population by sex, as also the sexwise popu- An appendix containing Development Block. . Jation of Sched uled Castes and Sched uled Tribes, wi,e-'Vikas Khandwar' totals of PCA figrues has .literacy and population by sex into four broad also been included. xxi
ANALYTICAL NOTE
Before reorganisation of States, Damoh was a was the abode of the powerful Kharpara tribes, ser part of the Sagar district and it has been carved out as ving under their overlords, the Chandlas of Jajak a separate district in 1956. The district gets its name bhukti and Chedis of Tripuri. . from the headquarters town of Damoh for Damoh (Darnooh) means a cluster of dwellings. The town is, The early history of administration in the dist traditionally, named after Darnyanti who is believed rict is linked with Singogarh, Bilhari. Nohata, Batiha to have founded the town. Situated in the eastern dim (Batiagarb). The local officer of the chandela part oUbe newly created Sagar division, Damoh dist territory in the 12th century was called Kamdar who 6 / rict lies between 23·,9' and, 24. 27 , north latitude and resided in the fort of Bilhari in the begining and later 1 between 79.3 and 79°57 1 east longitude. The tropic at Nohata. Since then the district bad been rUled by of cancer passes through its southern part. The shape many rulers from Chedis of Tripuri to Chandelas of of the district is irregular and can be compared to Jajakbhukti. Early Muhammeden rulers, Khiljis of the vertical plane of a jug and in its outline the dist Malwa shifted the headquarters of local administration rict looks like an elongated oval running north and to Damoh. It appears that the Muslim domination south, which strikingly resembles that of Ireland. It in the region became stronger during Tughluq per~od is bounded by tbe district of Chhatarpur in the north and Damoh was included in the Kingdom of Tughluq and north-west, ·Sagar in the west, Narsimhapur and dynasty. Jabalpur in tbe soutb, and J abalpur and Panna in tbe East. The entire district lies on the Malwa Bundel It was during the reign of Sangrarn Shah that khand plateau. large portions of Narmada valley inclUding Darnoh were annexed to Goud Kingdom of Garha~Mandla. The district is accessible by rail, as Damoh About 1540 A.D., Dalpat Shah Sangram Shah's succe· town lies on the Bina·Katni section of the Central ssor shifted the seat of Government to Singorgarh. Railway. Damoh is about 145 kms. for Bina which When the Goud kingdom was on its decline, the dist is on the Delhi-Bombay and Delhi-Madras line. The rict was gifted partly to Chhatrasal Bundela and district is traversed by metalled roads which connect Mugbals, However after the fall of Rani Durgavati, it witu important towns of Jabalpur in the south-east Damoh was annexed to the Mughal empire. Later, a and Sagar and Bhopal in the west and south-west. part of the Kingdom of Maharaja Chhatrasal was bestowed on the Peshwa in 1731. The Marathas got History: hold gradually over the bulk of the dIstrict and ruled for about 80 years. Damoh passed under the British rule after the deposition of the Pcshwas by Lord Though the early history of the Damoh district Hastings in 1817. The headquarters of the district remains veiled in obscurity, it is believed to have was at first located at Hatta and after being trans dated back to Ashoka period. Little is known about the history of Damoh until the rise of tbe imperial ferred more than once, was fixed at Damoh in 1838. power of the Guptas in the fourth century A. D. The Meanwhile the first eruption known as the Bundela Batiagarh inscriptions suggest that for many centuries, rising took place in 1842 in Saugor-Nerbudda territo begining from the golden age of the Guptas. Damah ries. The rising affected the Damah district, too. xxii
The year that followed the suppression of the Bun part of the district. It is centra!ly drained by Bearma dela rising Were years of smouldering discontent which has a narrow upland valley amidst low hills which ultimately burst into the flames of 1857 revolts. and fore~ts. The soil cover of the valley is compara Uptill1854, the district was administratively subor tively shallow, but there are occasional deeper and dinate to Sagar. The first major change in the limits broader beds of black soil which are supposed to be of the district was the transfer of 123 villages from the most fertile ill the district. Bearma valley Jabalpur for Damoh in 186). around Taradehi and below upto Nohta is also of lesser agricultural value. The Sagar rebellion created great panic at Damoh. The district was all lying waste in conseque The Vindhyachal range continues into the Bhar- nces of the rebellion and was plundered from one end . ner (up to Katangi) and the Kaimur (Valley of Singra to the other by rebels. The name of the dIstrict mpur) ranges to the nortb of the Sone valley and Chaindhary is associated with a remarkable episode forms a sharp edge and natural boundary with Jabal when mass movement under the leadership of pur district. It is mostly composed of sandstone with Mahatma Gandhi was still far away. quartz formations at their base. The pass through Singrampur and Katangi wa<; the scene of a fierce Damoh district forms a part of Sagar division. battle between Mughuls and Rani Durgawati. The Tile district is divided into the sub-d ivisions of greatest height in this range is that of Kulumar hIll, Damoh and HaUa, each cOinciding with the tahsil 751 in above the main sea level. On the north-east boundaries. For administration purpose, there are of Singrampur.gap kheri (586.7m) is the highest peak. two tahsils Hatta in the north and Damoh the head Elsewhere the hills range from 550 to 580m high. quarters tahsil in the south. At the district level, the collector is solely resp,)Osible for the maintenance The Sonar valley extends in a belt across the of law and order, revenue administration, social north-central part of the district. It lies at an eleva development anr! economic advancement in the district. tion of 335m from the lUean sea level. The Bewas, The usual distrjct level officers are under general co n the Kopra and the Bearma are the important tributa tro1 of the collector. The sub-division and tahsils are looked after by the sub- divisional officer and Tahsil ries of the Sonar joining it in Damoh and flowing dar resp~cttvely. Local self administration is looked though the valley. The Sonar valley is the principal after by the Minicipillity. agricultural region of the district. It is the most popu Jous zone consisting a large number of villages and TopograJlhy : the major commercial, administrative and industrial centres. However, the control of topography is less The district lies on the south -eastern part of the Linding on the human activities in the Sonar 'Valley. great Vindhyan plateau, The Sonar valley divides the plateau into two parts, a larger block in the south The north-western Plateau rises about 120 alld a narrow be It in the north-western parts of the metres like a well from the Sonar ~alley. Its north district. The district is placed into three physiogra western slopes in Damoh drai ns into Barana nala phic sub divisions namely. Vindhyan range. Vindhya which joins the Ken. The Phurtal hill (525m) is the scarps and a Bundelkhand uplands. highest point of this range in the district.
The district is further sub·divided into three Drainage: physical divisions viz southern plateau, the Sonar '1alley and the North-western hill range. The southe The whole district is drained into the Yamuna rn plateau lies at a general elevation of about 450 m. th~ough the tributaries of Ken except a few. The main local system is of the Sonar and the Bearma The Southern plateau extends in a broad belt which flow towards the north- east. These rivers are from south-west to north-west. The hills of Lodhi kheda (466Jm), Gubra (417m) and Pateria (429. m.) perennial and most of their drainage lines are seaso are the ofl'shoots of Dhander range in the southern nal. While the floods causes great inconvenience and niH
loss to the region, the summers spell scarcity of water Fatehpur range and a large tract around Taradehi and for drinking and" otber purposes. The Sonar which to the south-east of Tendukheda. Teak forests are of is the most important river rises in the. low hillr. in varied quality. The major teak rorest belts are along the south- west of Sagar district. Its valley in Damoh the western and eastern boundarieii and on the hills called the Haveli, is a fertile black soil plane forming south of Tejgarh and south. west of Tendukheda. the pirincipal wheat growing tract of the district. The Bamboos are mostly absent in the district. principal affluents of the Sonar are the kopra and the The most common species are saj (Terminalia Bearma On the right and the Bcwas on the left. tornentosa), lendia (Lagerstromia parviflola), dhaora (Anogeissus a8uminata), dhow (Anogisses latifolia), The Bearma rises in RehIi tahsil of Sagar dist ghont (Zlzyphus xylopyra), bel (Aegle marme)os), rict and flows South-west to north-east. Its valley is Khair (Acacia catechu), babul (Acacia arabia). tendu nowhere extensive. Tbe principal tributaries of the (Diospyros melonoxylon), Achar" chiroji (Buchanania Bearma are the Guraia, the Sun and the Padri on the latifolia), aonla (Emplica Officinalis), koha (Termina right bank and the Bamner and the Kathera nala on lia urjura). KuHu (Selerculia menus). paJas (Butea the left. The labera valley is said to have been a frondoza), and halde~ (Adina conliafolia), Saj is the great lake in the historic~1 past. The sm:111 valley of most important tree and its timber u_sed for houses Singrampur possesses ad rainage system of its own. and fUfIliture. Similarly seja or lendia is a common tree and is one of the best timber us:d for house posts Geology: and agricultural implements, Mahua (Mad hula indica) trees are numerous in the hilly country but not in the Geologically, 4 rock formations viz. Alluvium, HaveJi" Deccan traps, Lameta and Vindhyan system, are found in the district. Predominant Vindhyan rocks consist The forests of the district are fairly well stocked of a succession of sandstones and shales with a horizon with game. Neither wild buffalo nor the bison is found of limestones and occupy a large part of the district. in the distrkt. The tiger (felis tigris) called locally The system is subdiviaed into Bhander series, Rewa nahar is fairly common and they are found on series and Kaimur series. Lameta rocks consist of the hills and rocky ravines. The leopard or panther ( felis pard us), called locally tendua, conglomerate, cherts, sandstones, clays and limestones. is found all over the district and causes great destruction to cattle, The other animals found in Towards the west of the district. the D.::ccan tbe district are cheeta (felis Benghalensis), jungJi billi trap area and Sonar valley are entIrely compJsed of (fdis chaus),Jndian lynx( felis carcal), hyaena (Hyaena the black cotton soil. The Damoh district does not stirata), Sambhar (Cerus unicolor), Jackal and foxes have any valuable mineral deposit. However the san are also common b:lt destructive wolf is rerely found. stone and limestone of the Kaimur, Rewa and Bha The sloth or Indian bear (Urslls labiltus) is found all nder series of the Vindhya system furnish exyeUent over the district. Sam bar (Cervus). Nilgai is found construction materials. Iron ore is fo und in small in all parts of the district. Bandar (Macacus rhesus) quantities in the north near the boundaries of Panna and langur (Semnopithecus entellus) are also found all and Chhatarpur district but no appreciable amount is over the district. extracted. The large deposits of high grade limestone Climate: also occur in the district. The climate of the district is generally pleasant, F lora and Fauna: the air being mostly dry except in the monsoon season The season are well defined. The cold season from The forests of the district belong to tropical dry November to February is followed by the summer deciduous forests. However variations in the pre aeason from March to about Mid-June. The monsoon dominating species at different places, their quality season is frou. June to the end of September. The trans i and density are marked. The forests are now restri tioll'from"manSOOIl to winter occurs in October. From cted to the hilly areas usually not suitable for perma March both day and night temperatures steadily inc nent cultivation. The genera I type of forests in the rease till may which is the hottest month, with the "district are mixed forests. It is quite extensIve in onset of monSoon in the district by al}out mid-June, uiv
there is appreciable drop in temperature. In October The district experiences heavy rains and strong winds when storm and depressions from the Bay of there· is slight increase in day temperature but the Bengal pass through it. The average annual rainfall nights become progressingly cooler. After October in the district is about 1200mm. The rainfaU generally both the day and Right temperatures decrease rapidly increases from the north-west towards the south·east in the district. July and August are the rainiest with January as the coldest month. months.
TABLE I
Distribution of Villages According to tbe Availability of Different Amenities ------
No. (with percentage) of vilJugeshuving one or more of the following amenities r------..)._ ------~ SJ. Name of Tahsii No. of Eqllca- Medical Drinking Post and Market! Communi- Approach Power No. inhabited !Ion water Telegraph Hat Cations by pucca supply vi Ilages road
------~------_------2 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ------_------
1 Harta 460 236 23 460 39 36 47 85 149 ( 51.10) ( 5 00 ) ( 100 00) (8 ~S) (7. x3) (to 22) (18.22) (32.39)
733 438 35 733 90 42 t,3 1 31 195 (59.75) (4.77 ) (100 00) (12.28) (5.73) (8.59)" (S. 59) (:6.60)
------_------_-_ -----
Total Di<.frict 1 193 674 58 l. 193 78 110 Z16 344 (56 50) (4.86) (100.00) (1081) (6.54) (92Z} (18.11) (28.83) ------._-_-----
Tahsilwise distribution of villages according to total villages of ihe district are approachpble by the availability of different amenities is presented in pucca roads. The remaining amenities are inade- Table I. It is heartening to note that the most basic quate. necessity i.e. the drinking water is available in all the villages of the district. About 57% villages are cove The tahsilwise pattern is more or less similar to red by the amen tty of ed ucation. The position of the district pattern except that on the education front. power supply is also reasonable and about 30% vllla-. Damoh bejng the headquarters tahsil exceeds Hatta ge!l are electrified. A little less than one-fifth of the but on the power supply front the position is reverse. xxv
TABLE 2
Proportion of Rural Population Served by Different Amenities
Sl. Name of Total Popu Proportion of ruml population served by the amenity of No. Tahsil lation of r------______..A.. ___ ------.------_, inhabited Education' Medical Drinking Post & Market! Communi- Approach Power villages in . water telegraph Hat cJtian by pucca supply the tahsil road
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 .------_ ~------_---_---_ ------_ Hatla 221,950 184,439 49.616 221,950 71,231 66,803 67,610 82066 115,929 (83.10) (22.35) (100.00) (32 54) (30.10) (:>0 46) (36.97) (52.23)
2 Damoh 395,478 3+5,856 73,280 3;)5,478 138, 188 83, II 3 88,79() 12~,005 154,780 (87.45) (18.53) (100 00) (34.94) (21.02) (22.45) (31.36) (39.14) ------_------'fotal District 617,428 530,295 122,896 617,428 210,419 149,916 156,400 206,071 270,709 (85.89) (19.90) (100.00) (34.08) (24.28) (25 33) (33.38) (43.84) --- - _-_------...------.------.. _-
This table suplements the previous table and of the population served by it. About one third of the gives the proportion of rural population served by rural population is also served by Post & Telegraph and tbe different amenities, in the district as well as the pucca roads. Commuuication seems to be poor. Among tahsilwise information. The position of educational tahsils, Hatta tahsil has better position in respect of amenity is very enc0uraging having about 85% of all amenities except education and Post & Telegraph the total rural population served by it. Power supply In Hatta tahsil more than 50% population is being also presents very sound position having about 45% served by power supply_
TABLE 3
Distribution of ,mages not having certain amenities arranged by distance ranges from the pl,aces where these are available
--- -~ -_ - --_------_" .------Sl. Village not having the Nnmber of villages where the amenity is not available at distance of No. .amenityof r------A------~ -5Kms. 5-10 Kms. 10+Kms Total (Cols 3+5) . ------_.__ - ---" ------_-_ .------"------2 3 4 5 (, ---_------Education 459 57 51 Q 2 Mudical 459 443 233 1,135 3 Drinking NateT 4 Post and Telegraph 749 247 fiR 1,064 5 MarketfHdt 490 3115 260 1,115 6 COlTImunicdtions 583 385 ] 15 1, (;83 ------._------.___------xxvi
The above table indicates the distribution of depend on the medIcal facility availble in the distance villages not ha\'ing certain amenities arranged by range 5-10 kms. and less than one- fourth of the villa distance ranges from the places, where these are ava ges have no medical facility within 1() kms. About two ilable. There is no v iUage in the d istf iet which do third of the villages do not ha ve Post & Telegraph faci not have access to drinking water. Quite a many lity within 5 kms. and only above 6% villages do not villages do not have other amenities within the villa have Post & Telegraph facility within 10 kms. In respect ges. About 90% of the villages not having schools of hat, residents of quite a large number of villages have to depend on the schools in nearby villages i.e. have to walk down more than 10 kms. But in Hatta within 5 kms. There are only three village which do tahsil most of the hats are located within 1\) kms. Tho not have school within 10 kms. More than one third ugh the communication seens to be poor, more than of the villages have medical facility within 5 kms. balf of the vilJages not baving communication have and about the same proportion of villages have to this amenity within 5 kms.
TABLE 4
Distribution of villa'!,es according to population ranges and amenities available
--- - ~--- _------_ ------_ - -'------__ .. - Range of Number of Nurnber (with percentage) of villages having the amenity of Population inhabited (------..A.------. ------~ villages in Educational Medical Drinking Post and Market! Commun.- Approach by Power each range water Telegraph Hat cations pucca road supply
------~------. ------~------
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ------. --- _------_- ---.------:--_ .. _------
0-5 73 31 73 7 17 39 (42 47) (100 00) (9 59 ) ( I ,37) (1.37) .(23.29) (53.41)
6-1 ; 323 210 15 323 42 20 34 62 152 (65.02) (4.64) (too.on) (13.00) (6. 19) ( 10 53) (19.20) (47.06)
1()-5J 75-1 ·1.09 40 754 77 54 72 124 153 (5-1. 24) (5 . .1 J ) ( 100.00) ( 10.2 J) (i. 16) (9 55) (16.45) (20.29) , 51+ 43 24 3 43 3 3 J 13 (55. ill) ( (i. 9,q) ( 100.00) ,6.(8) ((i. 9,~) (6.98) (1()2J)
...------_- ~---- _. ------Total 1 , t 9'3 674 5N 1,193 129 78 lJo 216 344 (56.50) (4 8(,) (100.00) (10.81) (6.54 ) (9.2 2 ) (18.11) (28.83) - -_ ------~------_ ------
The above table iJ:ustrates the 9istrj hution of are situated at a distance of SI kms. or more from villages according to the distance from the nearest tbe town. In both the talisils most of the villages are town and availablity of different amenities. Majority situated within 50 kms, of the distance from the of villages of the district arc situated a! the djst~nce town and only 43 villages ( 7 in Hatta and 36 in of 16-50 kms. fr~m. the to,:n. About 6% of the Vlll~ Damob) are situated at a distance of 51 kms, or more ges have town withIn a radIUS of 5 kms. and about 3% from the town. As is evident from foregoing table, xxvii
medical, Post & Telegraph and Market facilities are far below the levels attained by other amenities.
TABLE 5
Distribution of villages according to population range and amenities availabJe
--- ~------_ ------Range of Number of Number (with percentage) of villages having th.: amenity of Population inhabited r------..A._ ------~ villages in Education Medical Drinking Post and Market/ Ccmml1ni- Approach by PaWN each range water Telegraph H~t cations pucca road supply - --_--_------2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ------"------
Less than 499 781 168 3 781 4 4 28 93 173 (34.3!) (0.38 ) (10C.OO) (0.51 ) (0.51 ) U·59) (11.91 ) (22.15)
500_1,999 376 370 30 376 92 4R 58 97 138 (98.40) (7.98) (100.00) (24.47) (12.77) (15.43) 05.80) (36.70) 2.000-4,999 33 33 22 33 30 23 21 23 30 ( 100.00) (66.67) (100.00) (90.91) (69.70) (63 .1i4) (69.70) (90.91)
5.000+ 3 ~ 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 (100.00) (ICO.OO) (100.00) (100.00) (100 00) (100.00) ( 11) 00) (100.00)
------Total 1.193 674 58 1,193 129 78 110 216 344 (56.50) (4.86) (100.00) (10.81) (6.54) (9.22) (18.11) (28.83) ------
Table 5 shows the distribution of inhabited of populatiun less than 500, and medical and hat villages according to the different population ranges facilities are available in one and two villages respe and amenities available in them. [t is the common ctively. In Damoh tahsil only two villages of this featule that the availability of amenity increases in size have meu ical and market facilities. It can be relation to the population size of villages. Quite a condllded that medical and market facilities are ina large proportion (about 65%) of the villages are in dequate in the district. population range of less than 5:::0. Though the policy TABLE 6 of State Govt. in respect of the opelling of primary Main Staple Food in the Majority of villages schools is to go down to the villages of population size in each Tahsil 300, only 34% of the villages in this size group have -_._----_ - already been covered. Almost all the villages having -_------SI. No. Name of Tahsil Main SWple Food popUlation more than 500 have s<:hools. As has been ------.. observed earlier only the medical and market facili ---_._---_ _------2 3 ties are not adequate in the villages having popUlation ----.-- ---_._._------upto 2.00~. All the 3 villages having population more Hatta Wheat, Jowar than 5;000 have all basic arnenhies in them. In Hatta 2 Damoh Wheat, Rice tahsil, P T facility is oot available in a single village - -.------"'.. _---- xxviii
This table furnishes the main staple food in food of the district. In addition to it, jowar is consu terms of grain consumed by the majority of the rural med in Hatta tahsil and rice in Damoh tahsil. population in the district. Wheat is the main staple
TABLE 7
Distribution of Villages According to Land use ------.--_._------81. Name of Tahsil No. of inhabited Total area Percentage of cultivable Percentage of irrigated No. Villages area to total area area to total Cultivable area
------~------_. ----_ ------~--- 2 3 4 5 6 ------_------Hatta Tahsil 460 182,808.00 132,859.00 4,031.00 (72.68) (3.03)
2 Damoh Tahsil 733 31)1,058.50 190,431.47 8,808.99 (63.25) (4.63) ------,------Total District 1,193 483,866. SO 323,29.,0.47 12,839.99 (66,81) (3.97)
------_------.------~
The above table presents the distribution of area of the district and only 4% out of it is irriga villages according to land use giving the proportion ted. Though Damoh is comparatively less cultivated of cultivable area to the total area and irrigated area tahsil bu t it contains slightly largtr proportion of to the cultivable area. It is observed from this table irrigated area. Inverse relationship between culti that 213rd of total area is accounted for as cultivable vable area and irrigated area seems to hold,
TABtE 8
Growth, Density and Sex-ratio of Urban Population in the District in relation to tbe State
------______r- __-_~ __.- ______
District State ,-- ---'------___ ..A- ____ . ____--, ,-______A- .______,
Cen- TI11al Urban %Urban Decadal Density Sex- Total Urban °lVrban Decadal Density Sex-ratio / I .,} sus Poru- Popn- Popnla- Percentage (Popn- ratio(No. Poru- Poru- Popula- p:rcentage (popn)a- (No. of year lalion lation tion variation l?_tion of females lation lation tion varhtion ton per females in urban per sq. per 1,000 in urban sq.kms.) per 1,000 population km.) males) popul------~------~------~------2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 J 12 13 ------__ ._------_------__ ._------1951 357,463 43,631 12 21 +62.83 3,369 950 26,071 ,637 3,132,937 12.02 +33.16 2.034 907 1961 438,343 55,773 12.72 +27.83 2,606 906 32,372,408 4,627,234 14.29 +47.70 2,482 !l56 1.971 573,263 78,977 13.78 +1.1.60 3,545 899 41,654,119 6.784,767 16.29 +46.63 2,378 K68 1981 721,453 104,025 14 42 +31.72 2,534 894 52,178,844 10,586,459 20.29 +56.03 2,170 884 ------,-,---_ xxvi:<
Table 8 illustrates the d ecad al growth rate, d en TABLE 9 sityand sex-ratio of urban population in the di~trict New Towns/Towns declassified in IS'8! Census .. ill relation to the State for the last four decades star ting from 1951. Damoh district happens to be one of the less urbanised districts. The percentage of Name of Towu Population 1981 Census urban population in the district has always bef"n less than the State average and the pace of urbanisation in the dist~ict bas been much slOwer than what it has 2 been in the State during last 30 years. The decadal - ~------_------~ (a) Added Nil variation of urban population has been 31.72% during last decade whereas State urban popUlation registered (b) Declassified Nil 56.03% increase during the same period. The highest ------_ ------decadel variation has heen observed in 1l51. The density of urban population is observing tidal path. The above table furni~hes information about the The sex-ratio of the district urban p-Jpulation regis addition and declassification of tOwns in this district tered a constant fall since 1951. The district had at the 1981 Census. As is clear from this table, there always a better sex-ratio than the state urban popu has been no case of addition or declassification of lation. town at the 1981 C.:nsus in this district.
TABLE 10
Per capita receipt and expenditure in towns
------~- -- .~. _------:---- Class, Natne and civic Per capita statuS of the town ,------_.------_ .. -- Receipt Expenditure--' r------~ ~------~-_~ Total Rl:!ceipt Receipt Tc.tal General Expenditure Public Expen· Other through from all expen- adminis- on public works ditllre speCify taxes other diture tmlion health and on public sources convenience institutions ------_-----_ 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ------9 10 -~----;--
II Damoh (M) 39.17 31.20 7.97 37.78 n.SY 13.47 5 0 nG 3 42 7.84 . 39.04 7.16 40 15 R 84 19.59 IV Hatta (M) 46.20 3.4:1 1.42 6.117 IV Patbaria (NAC) 5.31 1.96 3.35 5. 'Ill 2.0~ 0 57 ]. R~ 0.44 0.46 ------Total 37.07 29.68 7:39 35.06 6.75 13.61 4.93 2.110 6.97 ------_ ----.------.- ----.:.._
This table deals with the finances indicating the the highest per capita receipt (Rs. 46.20) is found in receipt and expenditure in towns of Damoh district. At the first instance it is observed that neither the Hatta and the lowest j·n Patharia. Damoli exceeds receipt nor the expenditure has any relation with slightly Hatta tahsil in terms of per capita receipt ulban popUlation. Of the three towns of the district, through all other sources. xxx
Similar is the position of per capita expenditure. tution! is quite low. Patharh Notified Area Commi Again Damoh exceeds Hatta in terms of per capita ttee expends slightly higher amount than they receive. expenditure on public works, public institution and Though their receipt is limited they expend reasonable other aspects, In Hatta expenditure on public insti- per capita on public works.
TABLE 11
Schools per ten thousand population in towns
------_--... _,- Class, Name and civic No: per ten thousand population status of town r------.------__ ~ Higher Secoudary/ Juuior Primary Secondary/ Matriculation Secondary/ Inter/PUC/ Middle Junior College
----~~------2 3 4 5 ------_&_-----
Ii Damoh (M) 2 4
IV Hatta (M) 5 5
N Patharia (N.A.C.) 2 2 2 ------,------_.------All Towns 1 3 4
------~------
Table 11 furnishes the data relating to the avai TABLE 12 lability of educational facilities in different categories No. of Beds in Medical institutions in Towns. per 10,000 population A cursory look at this table reveals that there is no correlation between popula ------tion size of the town and the number of institution Class, name and civic No. of beds in medical status of the 'towns instltutions per 1,000 in the towns. Patharia has highest (2,00) higher seco population. ndary schools per 10,000 population and in Damoh ------~--- and Hatta the number is almost equal to 1. In case 2 of middle schools Hatta has highest number of middle ------schools per 10,000 population. Whereas in Damoh II Damoh (M) 2 IV Hatla (M) 2 and Patharia, the number is almost equal to 2. Hatta IV Patharia (N.A.C.) 1 also tops in the number of primary schools. Over all Patharia has quite good educational institutions ------_._------Total 2 (2 HSS, 2 MS, 2 PS) in relation to its size. ------xxxi
The alove table indicates the number of beds TABLE 13 in medical institution per 10,000 population. A cur. Population of Slums Population in Towns sory look at this table reveals that bed facilities are available in all the towns. There seems to be direct NIL relationship between the number of beds per 10,000 The in,formation on slums bas been collected for population and population size of tbe town placing the first time. The above table which provides infor Damoh at the top and Patharia at the bottom. Damoh mation on proportion of slum population to the total being the district headquarter has the highest number populations is restricted to class I and II towns as the magnitude of slum problem is greater in thtse cate of beds in medical institution. Except Patharia, both gories of towns. Damob is the only class J1 town in the town have higber bed population ratio than the the district. Incidentally there have been no areas in district average, Damoh which have been classified as slum.
TABLE 14
Most important commodity manufactured, imported and exported in towns - ----_------,------Class, Name Most important commodity 'and civic ,.--.~------~-----~------status of Maunfactured Exported Imported the towns
2 3 4
------. ---~------. - -_-_------__ ------II Damoh (M) Bidi Bidi Cloth lV Hatta (M.) Metal Pots Metal Pots Gur IV Patharia (N A. C. ) Bidi Bidi Kirana
______r __ - ______
This table furnishes the details of three most red and exported in Damoh and Path aria as bidi important items manufactured, exported and imported rolling is the main Household industry of this region in all the three towns of the district. Though the adjoing Sagar district. III Hatta, m~tal pots are most table is self explana.tory but it is observed that important items manufactured and exported. bidi is the most important coromod ity manufactu- i~ I c , c w < •0 Ie i E Z 0 • • z •~ • z 0 ;: , ~ ~ ) ;( > • • 0 , ·•) c » ~ I z ·· • • z I ) 0 0 ~ .. • > • • • ~ .. , ~ z• • p > \" G~? j'll • · .. ) > ~ c ,,~ •z ~ » o -1~. ~~I r ~o .._... · ~ ·, ~ > • ) ;. ;: "'l :r ~ ,"'I :<1 ~ :; r 0 ~ ·• • /", l, ... , » . · ·0 < • ii · 0 • · • » o a ~ • 0 · . S 0 "- ·f- a • 0, < , ~ " ~~JH , · :; • • -',,\ ~~~ .... , g ~ tP ) •0 -r • 0 •0 . 0 " ;; ,_J ~.. ~ 0, 0 % ... > • ~ · < ... 0 . •c ·.. a . · c ; ~ 0 ·. " · - ~ • g0 ;; • z •r • ".. _, • 0 • • '" • 0 • •) 0 -: ~ '" "..:I: % 0 ~ 0 · · ·0 .. z... " Il' ~ ) • •) z • c 0 z ... ) c ~ , ). •0 0 < ·~ · »= ). -? ~ 0,• 1& II ;1/ l II ~ · ©:i: i c T ~ ~ i· f!\\ ' • I i~~ /1 f • l'l" ' I :r C' + " 1 • 1- ~ 1-
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. 0, e DIS , J4S l'1Y/ ~ G 'Ij({:J/;~ , S ; 'V 1 : ... N N 'I d J. J !l : MADHYA PRADESH TAHSIL DAMOH DISTRICT DAMOH
POSITION Of TAHSil QN.IQH IN DISTRICT DAMOH
v
v
REFERENCE BOUNDARY DISTRICT
T~MSIL Q VltLAG( WITH LOCATiCN ':OOCNWSrn HEADQUARTERS DISTRICT,TAHSll i).@ vILlAGE.S WITH POPulATIOti sin BELOW zoo, 00" • 2(XH99,~-m.IOOO-4':19S;5000ANDAaoVE U)lINHABITEDVILLAGES
U~8H. AAEA WI1'H LOCATION cooE STATE HIGHWAY MHAlLlORQAO UNMETALlEQ ROAD RAILWAY LINE WITH STATION BRoAD GAUGF RIVE.R AND STREAM For£STAREA
P(lST ~FICE/PoST ANDTELEW,PH OfFICE HIGloO: SEtONIWrr SCHOOL
POLICE STATION ~s i:t!)SPltAL,PRIMARV HEALTH CENTRE,OISPENSARii I!.@.+
IURKE.l/HAT, ~ANDIES 1~, {:,
I 'OR,S' ARfA~ ~OWN I i~S.~U, rH, SCI, 811, H' A~' 'WT S~OWN SECTION I - VILLAGE DIRECTORY
3
"'~'lim~"n: VI'll !fil r) ------~,";f)1I m ~ 'IIilI ~rlf IIi1 iI11J ~ifiR;f~ !lilT '"" ~ lfTa Il'lilfr r---./- alill'f ,----A...-~ 1971 1981 1971 1981 .._------_ 1 2 3 4 2 3 4 ------_._------
11/1 ~!T eI~~
27 'Ii'{rorl 445 448 28 ~r 'fr'lit 522 521 1 a{'lTU 163 164 29 'Ii",,,, ({m 309 312 2 a{'I"<'I1"{1 25 25 30 'liif'fi,!"{T 55 55 3 a{;r.r'!"{T 325 328 31 'Ii;;T~T 'liort ~ll'1JifTa 18 19 4 3fG:i1:r 35 31 59 f'i'1T 'Ti<:r 473 4ga 23 O'~![$-;T 324 326 (",0 f'q($"{ ~T 395 393 61 f'------....------f'[l;ftlJ!fiR ~~ ~ VIIl ,.;r 'fA ~~~ m ;r~ ,---.A.---"""",\ r---.A----., 1971 1981 1971 1981
---~-----~------;---- 3 4 2 3 4 2 , ------
66 ::f;,;;r;rr 202 202 100 'T~)m ~i~ 182 185 67 'l7Tc:t 498 500 101 1Rl<'11 ."'IIIi"T2~T~ ',nq1 'tiT 'fCll ------,.,!Ii1I V'II lIiJ ;frll ~,";fi~ m ~ !foil ilf1f iii' ;rJII ~~il>"";r~ ,---..1- '\ ml ,----"--~ 197J IIlSl 1971 1981 "------2 3 4 2 3 4 ------_._------_ ------
I I!1 {!!T t1'~~ji:r
136 'fTQ<:T l{fGltT~ 128 115 137 'fTqU lrCf 413 416 163 138 'qr.~r 36 36 ~i1rl:lT 290 290 164 ~tiT 317 320 165 ~l'f<;~t 82 82 ]66 g~ <1"r;rr l'fffl'!.'i;fr<:'T 188 18& 167 <1"1rrT ~licr:;{ 170 Itffl 9 12 171 ;i'hiT 509 512 143 <;flfT<:r 483 486 172 1trf<'f
