Akbar the Mughal Emperor (Ruling: 1556-1605)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Akbar the Mughal Emperor (Ruling: 1556-1605) HISTORY The Mughal Period INTRODUCTION The story so far You have been reading stories about the Indian subcontinent from the earliest times. You read about how people and how numerous little kingdoms These kingdoms fought with each began practicing agriculture started emerging in various other in order to get bigger and all around places. more powerful. You also read about the Then, after 1192, many of the kingdoms However, around 1400 bhogpatis who were in charge were conquered by Turkish sultans, who the sultanate got of the villages and cities and established a vast kingdom, or divided into several could do whatever they felt sultanate. The sultanate remained smaller kingdoms. like. powerful for about 200 years. The story ahead We will now see how the emperors of the Mughal Dynasty (mauga,la vaMSa), who originally came from Afghanistan (Afga,ainastana), built a huge empire. Beginning in 1526, it lasted more than two centuries. The Mughals became one of the most important dynasties of the subcontinent. The splendour and luxury of the courts, the policies of the emperors, and the systems of administration and taxation that the Mughals established have had a deep impact. You will read about all this in the following chapters. You will also read about how European traders came in the 17th century, and how this led to the establishment of British rule. For almost 200 years large parts of the Indian subcontinent were ruled by the British. The policies of the British rulers made very big changes in the lives of the people of India. During this period peasants, workers, adivasis, traders, and educated people of India struggled for a long time to free the country from British rule. You will read about the national movement and how independence was eventually won. 2 INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1 Akbar the Mughal Emperor (Ruling: 1556-1605) The Beginning of Mughal Rule in India This picture shows a Mughal army ready for battle. The soldiers have several new kinds of weapons that are not seen in the pictures of earlier times. Can you identify them? Such was the army of the Mughal emperor Babar the help of their cannons and guns, Babar’s army (baabar). Babar had been ruling in Afghanistan and dealt a crushing defeat to the Delhi Sultan. he was trying to conquer more lands. At that time Delhi was being ruled by the Afghan king, Sultan After taking a lot of riches from the treasuries of Ibrahim Lodi. In 1526 the armies of Babar and the Indian kings, Babar’s soldiers wanted to return Lodi had a battle at Panipat, north of Delhi. With to Afghanistan. But Babar wanted to stay on and AKBAR 3 establish his rule in Hindustan. The area between river Indus and river Narmada was called Hindustan in the Sultanate and the Mughal period. The territories South of the Narmada river were called the Deccan. After much persuasion Babur was finally able to get his men to stay on to conquer and rule Hindustan. Babar fought many battles against powerful Afghan chiefs and Rajput kings. But in 1530, only four years after the battle of Panipat, Babar died. His son, Humayun, became the emperor. He continued the efforts of his father, but he had to face serious challenges. In 1540 another Afghan sultan, Sher Shah Suri, defeated him and drove him out of Hindustan. However, in 1555 Humayun returned and began to re-establish his empire. But within a year he suddenly died in an accident. His 13 year Babar and his amirs old son, Akbar (Akbar), became the emperor. Emperor Akbar and his Amirs Akbar Becomes the Emperor The Conquest of Malwa and In 1556 Mughal rule had still not taken a firm Garha Katanga (gaZ,a kTMgaa) hold in Hindustan. All around them other kings In those days there were two major kingdoms in and sultans were trying to drive the Mughals away. the area that we now call Madhya Pradesh. One It was at this critical time that Akbar became the was the kingdom of the Sultan of Malwa, Baaz emperor. Bahadur, with its capital at Mandu. Mandu is near Since Akbar was very young, Amir Bairam Khan the city of Indore. The other kingdom was Garha acted as the regent, running the administration Katanga. Its capital was Chauragarh, which was on behalf of the ruler. (In those times, high officials near what is now Jabalpur. Garha Katanga was were called amirs.) Bairam Khan also arranged to under Gond rulers, and during Akbar’s time it have Akbar educated in the duties of an emperor. was ruled by Rani Durgavati. When Akbar turned 17 he took In 1561 Akbar sent his foster brother, Aadham the reins of the empire Khan, to capture Malwa. Aadham Khan defeated into his own hands. He Baaz Bahadur, the Sultan of Malwa. Though made great efforts to Baaz Bahadur fled Mandu, he kept trying to expand the Mughal win back his kingdom for many years. In the empire by fighting end, however, he was unsuccessful and had to other accept a position in the service of the Mughals. kings, He was made a Mughal official. and he Aadham Khan acquired many valuable treasures was very from Malwa. But he did not hand over all these successful. spoils to Akbar. Instead, he tried to keep as much as possible for himself. When Akbar came to know of this he was furious. He forced Aadham Akbar hunting wild animals Khan to part with what he had withheld. 4 AKBAR Aadham Khan was not the only official to try to Akbar realised that such actions by his amirs might cheat the emperor. At around the same time some day become a big problem for him. He did another amir, Aasaf Khan, attacked the kingdom not want to give them free rein. He thought that of Garha Katanga and defeated Rani Durgavati. if he allowed the amirs to do as they pleased he Though wounded in battle, the queen fought with would not be able to make the Mughal empire as great valour. But upon seeing her army losing, she strong as he wanted it to be. killed herself. Aasaf Khan looted diamonds, other gems, priceless Which kingdoms did Akbar’s amirs conquer? objects of gold and silver and many other things What did these amirs do that made Akbar angry? from Garha Katanga. But out of these vast treasures he sent only 200 elephants to Akbar. Once again Akbar took harsh steps against the disloyalty Conflicts between Akbar and the and dishonesty of an amir. Turani Amirs He forced Aasaf Khan to yield the entire When Akbar became the emperor in 1556 he had treasure. 51 high officials, or amirs, in his court. These amirs were very wealthy. Akbar had divided responsibility for different parts of his empire among them. Each amir kept an army with him, which had to be presented before the emperor whenever it was ordered. In return for all this the emperor granted each amir several villages and towns. This was called their jagir. The amirs kept the revenue that was collected from the villages and towns of their jagirs. The revenue was for their own use as well as for running the administration of the jagirs. Complete the following sentences: Akbar tried to run his kingdom with the support of the amirs. But he was not able to The Turani amirs revolted because ....... get their full backing. Let’s find out why..... To suppress these revolts, Akbar ........ Among Akbar’s amirs, some were from Iran and were known as Irani amirs. But the majority of the amirs had come from an area known as Turan, Akbar Attempts to Recruit Indian which is in Turkestan. The ancestors of the Mughal Muslims (Sheikhzadas) as Amirs emperors had also come from Turan. Many Turani amirs were in fact related to Akbar. A major obstacle in strengthening the empire was that the amirs looked upon themselves as equal to For this reason the Turani amirs considered the emperor and did not want to be under his themselves to be equals of Akbar and had no desire control. to be under his control. They wanted the freedom to administer their jagirs as they pleased. In fact In addition to this, Akbar faced another problem they even wanted to be able to tell the emperor that had slowly become very serious. He himself what to do. had come from Kabul, and his amirs were from Iran and Turan. Those who had come from outside But Akbar did not approve of this at all. He did had difficulty establishing a strong rule in new not want anyone else in the empire to be equal to places because the powerful local people would the emperor. He wanted everyone to be under his oppose them. Akbar realised that so long as the control. He wanted to be the one to decide who powerful Hindustanis did not accept his authority, would become an amir and he wanted to make all Mughal rule would never be secure. the appointments to both high and low posts. He wanted all the amirs to follow his rules and to In those days two kinds of people carry out his orders without any questions. were very powerful in Hindustan: Rajput kings, and Muslim families who had been staying In the above section, underline the four in India for centuries and had sentences that you think are the most acquired land and wealth. important. These Muslims were known as Sheikhzadas. The Turani amirs could not tolerate these Akbar wanted both of policies of Akbar.
Recommended publications
  • OO[Llwodo [Lns5e5 12 APPENDIX No
    \'JELFARE OF THE OO[llWODO [LnS5E5 12 APPENDIX No. 1 lkJ>ressedClassrs institulions awarded maintwance grants by the State Serial num· Distrct Name and address of the institution ber Depressed Class Day Schools (Boys) 1953-54 Saharan pur . Harijan Pathshala, Mirzapur Powel, P. 0. Raypur. • .::J.. 2 bitto Harijan Pathshala, Dew ala . Ditto . , Harijan Pathshala, Santagarh. 4 Ma:rut Harijan Pathsh~la, Badhaura, P. 0. Rohta, s Ditto • • Harijan Pathshala, Kapsad, P. 0. Salava. 6 Ditto • . Mahananda Mission D. C. Primary School, lndergarhi. 1 Ditto . D. C. School Jalalpur Raghunathpur, P. 0. Marudnagar. 8 Ditto . • D. C. School, Bakarwa, P. 0. Modinagar. 9 Ditto . D. C. School, Aurangshpu'r, Diggi. 10 Bulandshahr }iarijan Pathshala, G::Jiaohii. it Agra .. • , Jatav Bir Primary School, Jiwanmandi. 12 Ditto • , Gandhi Dalit Vidyalaya, Tundli, P. 0. Tundla. 1l Ditto D. C. School, Parsonika Nagla. 14 Ditto Jatava Primary School, Nankakha. IS Ditto • , D. C. Primary School, Punja Shahi. 16 Ditto Nityanand Prakash Sachchidanand Institute, Jamuna Bridge. 11 D. C. Day School, Mandi Said Khan. IS Ditto D. C. School, Village Soolajat. P. 0. Sadar. 1~ Bareilly . Arya Kalyani Pathshala, Villat~e Ratna. P. 0. Sethal. Ditto A. K. Pathli;lhala, Village Eltanwa Sukdhdeopur. .:!1 Ditto D. C. Ar)a Kalyani Pathsh<~la, 'Balia, P. 0. Khal. Ditto A. K. Pathshala, Village Shahi, P. 0. Bhabhan. A. K. Pathshala Cantonment Sadar Bazar, Burciily. --·~ ·---· Serial num· District Name and address of the institution ber 24 B,rdlly . • D. C. Arya ·Kalyani Pathsbala, Lorry Stand, Qila. 25 Ditto . D. C. Arya Kalyani Pathshala, Kohranpur. 26 Ditto . A. K.
    [Show full text]
  • State-Building and the Management of Diversity in India (Thirteenth to Seventeenth Centuries) Corinne Lefèvre
    State-building and the Management of Diversity in India (Thirteenth to Seventeenth Centuries) Corinne Lefèvre To cite this version: Corinne Lefèvre. State-building and the Management of Diversity in India (Thirteenth to Sev- enteenth Centuries). Medieval History Journal, SAGE Publications, 2014, 16 (2), pp.425-447. 10.1177/0971945813514907. halshs-01955988 HAL Id: halshs-01955988 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01955988 Submitted on 7 Jan 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. The Medieval History Journal http://mhj.sagepub.com/ State-building and the Management of Diversity in India (Thirteenth to Seventeenth Centuries) Corinne Lefèvre The Medieval History Journal 2013 16: 425 DOI: 10.1177/0971945813514907 The online version of this article can be found at: http://mhj.sagepub.com/content/16/2/425 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com Additional services and information for The Medieval History Journal can be found at: Email Alerts: http://mhj.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://mhj.sagepub.com/subscriptions
    [Show full text]
  • District Census Handbook, Raisen, Part X
    CENSUS OF INDIA 1971 SERIES 10 MADHYA PR ADESH DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK PART X (A) & (B) VILLAGE AND TOWN DIRECTORY VILLAGE AND TOWN-WISE PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT RAISEN DISTRICT A. K. PANDYA OP THE INDIAN ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICE DIRECTOR OF CENSUS OPERATIONS. MADHYA PRADESH PUBLISHED BY THE GOVERNMENT OF MADHYA PRA.DESH 1974 CONTENTS Page 1. Preface i-ii 2. List of Abbreviations 1 3. Alphabetical List of Villages 3-19 ( i ) Raisen Tahsil 3-5 ( ii) Ghairatganj Tahsil 5-7 ( iii) Begmaganj Tahsil 7-9 (iv) Goharganj Tahsil 9-12 ( v) Baraily Tahsil 12-15 (vi) Silwani Tahsil 15-17 ( vii) Udaipura Tahsil 17-19 PART A 1. Explaaatory Note 23-33 2. Village Directory (Amenities and Land-use) 34·101 ( i ) Raisen Tahsil 34-43 ( ii) Ghairatganj Tahsil 44-51 ( iii) Begamganj Tahsil 52·61 (iv) Goharganj Tahsil, 62-71 (v ) Baraily Tahsil 72-81 (vi), Silwani Tahsil 82-93 (vii ) Udaipura Tahsil 94-101 3. Appendix to Village Directery 102-103 4. Town Directory 104-107 ( i) Status, Growth History and Functional Category of Towns 104 (ii) Physical Aspects and Location of Towns 104 ( iii) Civic Finance 105 ( iv) Civic and other Amenities 105 ( v) Medical, Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities in Towns 106 (vi) TradCt Commerce, Industry and Banking 106 t vii) Population by R.eligion and Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes in Towns 107 PART B tJago 1. Explaaatory Note 111·112 2. Figures at a Glance 113 3. Primary Census Abstract 114·201 District Abstract 114-117 Raisen Tahsil 118·133 (Rural) Il8·133 (Urban) 132·133 Ghairatganj Tahsil 134-141 (Rural) 134·141 Begamganj Tahsil 142.153 (Rural) 142·151 (Urban) ISO-I53 Goharganj Tahsil 154-167 (Rural) 154-167 Baraily Tahsil 168-181 (Rural) 168-181 (Urban) 180·181 Silwani Tahsil 182·193 (Rural) 182-193 Udaipura Tahsil 194-201, (Rural) 194-201 LIST OF ABBREVJATIONS I.
    [Show full text]
  • Course:B.A.History,Honors Semester:B.A.II,4 Th,Semester
    Course: B.A.History,Honors Semester: B.A.II,4th,Semester Course Code:CC-409 Topic: Akbar’s Imperialistic Policy Prepared By: Dr Sangeeta Saxena,Assistant Professor History Department: Patna Womens’s College,Patna Email: [email protected] TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Malwa: 2. Chunar: 3. Gondwana: 4. Rajasthan: 5. Gujarat: 6. Bihar and Bengal: 7. Kabul: 8. Kashmir: 9. Sindh: 10. Orissa: 11. Baluchistan: 12. Kandhar: 13. South India (Khandesh and Ahmadnagar): Imperialistic Policy Of Akbar : Akbar was an imperialist. He frankly declared and desired to pursue the policy of extension of the empire. He felt it necessary even for the security of his territories. He expressed- “A monarch should be ever intent on conquest, otherwise his enemies rise in arms against him.” Akbar, therefore, engaged himself in wars of conquest all through his life. He largely succeeded.His empire extended from Kabul in the west to Bengal in the east and from Kashmir in the north to Vindhyas in the south. He had initiated his conquest of southern India and partially succeeded before he died. Yet, he conquered the entire north India and consolidated it under his administration.The Kingdom of the Deccan was initiated by Akbar in the 16th Century. 1. Malwa: The first conquest of Akbar was that of Malwa. Baz Bahadur, the ruler of Malwa was fond of fine arts, particularly of dance and music. He was neglectful towards the affairs of the state and kept himself engrossed in romance with his talented mistress Rup Mati. Akbar despatched Adham Khan to conquer Malwa. Baz Bahadur faced the Mughul army twenty miles ahead of his capital, Sarangpur, but was defeated and he fled away.
    [Show full text]
  • Singorgarh Fort
    Singorgarh Fort March 9, 2021 In news : The President of India laid the foundation stone for the conservation works of Singorgarh Fort in Singrampur village of Damoh district in Madhya Pradesh About the Singorgarh Fort This fort is an old hill-fort of the Gondwana dynasty which is spread over hills in a forested area. It was a magnificent fort and was residence of Gond rulers of Central India It was attacked in June, 1564 during the last war of the Garha Kingdom dynasty, under the rule of Rani Durgavati. Before Gond rulers, it was under Chandela rulers of Bundelkhand region During the 1308, the Singorgarh was ruled by Vyaghradev Ji who was ruler of Kumhari and was under rulers of Kalinjar. The Gond ruler Sangramshahi conquered the Singorgarh fort in the early period of the 16th century. Sangram Shahi was a powerful Gond ruler and was Father in Law of Rani Durgavati. In 1564 the Mughal army, led by Asaf Khan (from Kunda, Uttar Pradesh), with assistance of Rewa rulers, attacked on Gond Kingdom, then it was ruled by Queen Durgavati & she was present in the same Singorgarh fort. Gond rulers The first historically recorded Gond kingdoms came up in central India’s hilly region in the 14th and 15th century AD. The first Gond king was Jadurai, who deposed the Kalchuri Rajputs, at whose court he had earlier worked, to grab the kingdom of Garha Mandla (modern Mandla and Jabalpur in Madhya Pradesh). The most illustrious rulers in this dynasty were the iconic queen, Rani Durgavati, whom the Gond community reveres, and Hirde Shah, the first Gond king to adopt Islam..
    [Show full text]
  • Bond-Management-17-01-2020 09 51 39
    NETAJI SUBHASH CHANDRA BOSE MEDICAL COLLEGE JABALPUR LIST OF MBBS STUDENT WHO WERE NOT COMPLETTED RURAL SERVICE BOND Admission Enrolment Category S.No. University Student's Name Father's Name Course Permanent Address Year Number (General/ Rani Durgavati 1 2002 University RAGHVENDRA SINGH HARESHWAR SINGH na MBBS General 122, TANSEN NAGAR, GWALIOR (MP) 474002 2 Rani Durgavati Mr. MAHESH 2002 H.No. B2/6, 18th Qtr. COLONY TILWARAGHAT University VISHAL TABHANE TABHANE AJ/5870 MBBS SC JABALPUR MP 3 Rani Durgavati Mr. MAHESH Pd. 2002 H.No.98, NEW D.C. HOTEL PANCHSHEEL NAGAR, University HARSH KUMAR CHAWRE CHAWRE AV/10251 MBBS SC BHOPAL (MP) 4 Rani Durgavati NAVEEN KUMAR Mr. KANHAIYA LAL 2002 H.NO. 4 BIRJIPURA COLLECTRETE ROAD, GATE KE University PATHBAMANIYA PATBAMANIYA AV/10208 MBBS SC PASS RAJGARH, MP 5 Rani Durgavati Mr. BAPU LAL 2002 University SANJAY CHOURASIA CHOURASIA AV/10266 MBBS SC H.No. 185, SETHI NAGAR, UJJAIN MP 6 Rani Durgavati MR. SHIV KUMAR 2002 University RUCHITA MOHANIYA MOHANIYA AV/10214 MBBS OBC 63/5, PARDESHI PURA, INDORE (MP) 452003 7 Rani Durgavati Mr. NARESH B. 2002 University SWAPNIL KHONGAL KHONGAL AV/10229 MBBS OBC PREM NAGAR, BALAGHAT, (MP) 481001 8 Rani Durgavati 2002 University PREETI KORI Mr. AMRIT LAL KORI AV/10256 MBBS SC 2-B/69, NEHRU NAGAR, JABALPUR MP 9 Rani Durgavati Mr. JAGDISH 2002 University RAJESH RATHORE CHANDRA RATHORE AV/10313 MBBS SC A-2/17, MAHANANDA NAGAR UJJAIN, MP 10 Rani Durgavati 2002 University SURENDRA SINGH YADAV Mr. BHAIJI YADAV AV/10231 MBBS OBC 508, HARIPURA, VIDISHA, MP 464001 11 Rani Durgavati 2002 24/167, ISHWARIPURA ADBEAT, KATNI (MP) University ZAKIR HUSSAIN Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • RTI Handbook
    PREFACE The Right to Information Act 2005 is a historic legislation in the annals of democracy in India. One of the major objective of this Act is to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority by enabling citizens to access information held by or under the control of public authorities. In pursuance of this Act, the RTI Cell of National Archives of India had brought out the first version of the Handbook in 2006 with a view to provide information about the National Archives of India on the basis of the guidelines issued by DOPT. The revised version of the handbook comprehensively explains the legal provisions and functioning of National Archives of India. I feel happy to present before you the revised and updated version of the handbook as done very meticulously by the RTI Cell. I am thankful to Dr.Meena Gautam, Deputy Director of Archives & Central Public Information Officer and S/Shri Ashok Kaushik, Archivist and Shri Uday Shankar, Assistant Archivist of RTI Cell for assisting in updating the present edition. I trust this updated publication will familiarize the public with the mandate, structure and functioning of the NAI. LOV VERMA JOINT SECRETARY & DGA Dated: 2008 Place: New Delhi Table of Contents S.No. Particulars Page No. ============================================================= 1 . Introduction 1-3 2. Particulars of Organization, Functions & Duties 4-11 3. Powers and Duties of Officers and Employees 12-21 4. Rules, Regulations, Instructions, 22-27 Manual and Records for discharging Functions 5. Particulars of any arrangement that exist for 28-29 consultation with or representation by the members of the Public in relation to the formulation of its policy or implementation thereof 6.
    [Show full text]
  • 388 22 - 28 February 2008 16 Pages Rs 30
    #388 22 - 28 February 2008 16 pages Rs 30 Weekly Internet Poll # 388 Q. How would you describe the Madhes general strike? Total votes: 4,735 Dark Ages hronic shortages of electricity, fuel, water and now food have brought about a serious dislocation of Weekly Internet Poll # 389. To vote go to: www.nepalitimes.com C businesses, trade and livelihoods throughout the country. Q. Given the crisis in the Madhes should the elections be: The shortages come at a time of deepening political crisis in the Madhes in the run-up to elections. They feed the public’s perception of government incompetence. What is surprising is that people are still queuing up for fuel, gas and water without complaining. But public patience is running thin, and relatively minor incidents can spiral out of control as seen last week in Bhaktapur. Photo essay: p 8-9. SAM KANG LI 2 EDITORIAL 22 - 28 FEBRUARY 2008 #388 Published by Himalmedia Pvt Ltd, Editor: Kunda Dixit Design: Kiran Maharjan Director Sales and Marketing: Sunaina Shah marketing(at)himalmedia.com Circulation Manager: Samir Maharjan sales(at)himalmedia.com Subscription: subscription(at)himalmedia.com,5542525/535 Hatiban, Godavari Road, Lalitpur editors(at)nepalitimes.com GPO Box 7251, Kathmandu 5250333/845, Fax: 5251013 www.nepalitimes.com Printed at Jagadamba Press, Hatiban: 5250017-19 A War on Tolerance When the people feel abandoned... AMSTERDAM — When ‘tolerance’ He thinks that Europe is in peril hostile to capital cities. Brussels, becomes a term of abuse in a place of being ‘Islamized’. “There will the capital of the European Union, POWER TO THE PEOPLE like the Netherlands, you know soon be more mosques than stands for everything that Not even if someone wanted to deliberately sabotage the country that something has gone seriously churches,” he says, if true populists, whether left or right, would they be as successful as the Seven Minus One party wrong.
    [Show full text]
  • There Is No Parallel to the Talent of People by : Editor Published on : 7 Mar, 2021 10:33 PM IST
    There is no parallel to the talent of people By : Editor Published On : 7 Mar, 2021 10:33 PM IST INVC NEWS New Delhi, The President of India Ram Nath Kovind laid the foundation stone for the conservation works of Singorgarh Fort in Singrampur village of Damoh district in Madhya Pradesh today. The President also inaugurated the newly carved Jabalpur Circle of Archaeological Survey of India. He also addressed the State Level Tribal Conference at Singrampur village in Damoh. The program was organized by the Ministry of Culture, Government of India and the Tribal Affairs Department of Madhya Pradesh. The Madhya Pradesh Governor Smt Anandi Ben Patel, Chief Minister Shri Shivraj Singh Chauhan, Union Minister for Culture and Tourism (Independent Charge) Shri Prahlad Singh Patel, Union Minister of State for Steel Shri Faggan Singh Kulaste, Madhya Pradesh Minister for Tribal Affairs Department Shri Meena Singh Mandwe and Minister for Urban Development and Housing Department Shri Bhupendra Singh were also present on this occasion. Shri Kovind paid floral tributes at the statue of Rani Durgavati in Singrampur village. A video film showcasing the historical heritage of Singrampur was also screened during the program. Along with this, the students of Eklavya Vidyalaya performed cultural program on the heroic story of Rani Durgavati. The performance of classical singer Sonak Chattopadhyay captivated everyone. On this occasion, the booklet of Tribal Department was released and the portal for virtual classes for tribal artists was also launched by the President. Apart from this, the talented tribal students were awarded the Shankar Shah and Rani Durgavati awards by the President.
    [Show full text]
  • Lesson. 7 Tribes, Nomads and Settled Communities
    Grade VII Lesson. 7 Tribes, Nomads and settled communities Social I Multiple choice questions 1. The Cheros were defeated in 1591 by: a. Maharana Pratap b. Raja Man Singh c. Amar Singh d. Prithviraj Chauhan 2. The Ahoms tribes were migrated from: a. Iran b. Arab c. Myanmar d. China 3. The 84 villages or Chaurasi was further subdivided into: a. Tanda b. Barhots c. Khel d. Clan 4. The Gonds practised: a. Shifting cultivation b. Intensive agriculture c. Subsistence cultivation d. Plantation agriculture 5. Practising system of having many wives were called: a. Polygamous b. Swayamvaras c. Jauhar d. Buranji 6. Ahom society was divided into clans or: a. Paiks b. Garhs c. Khels d. Tanda 7. Who assumed the title of Sangram Shah? a. Bir Narain b. Chaman Das c. Dalpat d. Aman Das 8. Paiks were the: a. Landlords b. Nomads c. Itinerants d. Forced labour 9. Which tribes were influential in Punjab in 13th and 14th centuries? a. Khokhar b. Ahoms c. Banjaras d. Gonds 10. The Ahoms were defeated by: a. Mongols b. Mughals c. Hunas d. Tomaras 1 Created by Pinkz 11. Rani Durgawati ruled in which region: a. Punjab b. Ambar c. Bikaner d. Garha Katanga 1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (a) 6. (c) 7. (d) 8. (d) 9. (a) 10.(b) 11. (d) II Multiple choice questions 1. Khokhar tribe was in. a) Punjab b) Agra c) Haryana d) none of these 2. The Chero lived in. a) Bihar b) Jharkhand c) Both a and b d) Odisha 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Who Were Tribal People? Contemporary Historians and Travellers Give Very Scanty Information About Tribes
    TRIBES, NOMADS AND 7 SETTLED COMMUNITIES ou saw in Chapters 2, 3 and 4 how kingdoms Yrose and fell. Even as this was happening, new arts, crafts and production activities flourished in towns and villages. Over the centuries important Fig. 1 political, social and economic developments had Tribal dance, taken place. But social change was not Santal painted scroll. the same everywhere, because different kinds of societies evolved differently. It is important to understand how, and why, this happened. In large parts of the subcontinent, society was already divided according to the rules of varna. These rules, as prescribed by the Brahmanas, were accepted by the rulers of large kingdoms. The difference between the high and low, and between the rich and poor, increased. Under the Delhi Sultans and the Mughals, this hierarchy between social classes grew further. Beyond Big Cities: Tribal Societies There were, however, other kinds of societies as well. Many societies in the subcontinent did not follow the social rules and rituals prescribed by the Brahmanas. Nor were they divided into numerous unequal classes. Such societies are often called tribes. TRIBES, NOMADS AND 91 SETTLED COMMUNITIES 2021-22 Members of each tribe were united by kinship bonds. Many tribes obtained their livelihood from agriculture. Others were hunter-gatherers or herders. Most often they combined these activities to make full use of the natural resources of the area in which they lived. Some tribes were nomadic and moved from one place to another. A tribal group controlled land and pastures jointly, and divided these amongst households ? according to its own rules.
    [Show full text]
  • Tribes of India: the Struggle for Survival
    Preferred Citation: von Fürer-Haimendorf, Christoph. Tribes of India: The Struggle for Survival. Berkeley: University of California Press, c1982 1982. http://ark.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/ft8r29p2r8/ Tribes of India The Struggle for Survival Christoph von Fürer-Haimendorf UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS Berkeley · Los Angeles · Oxford © 1982 The Regents of the University of California To N. V. Raja Reddi and Urmila Pingle in memory of our journeys in tribal country Preferred Citation: von Fürer-Haimendorf, Christoph. Tribes of India: The Struggle for Survival. Berkeley: University of California Press, c1982 1982. http://ark.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/ft8r29p2r8/ To N. V. Raja Reddi and Urmila Pingle in memory of our journeys in tribal country Preface ― xi ― This book tells of observations among Indian tribal populations spanning the period from 1940 to 1980. Ever since 1936, when a study of the Konyak Nagas marked the beginning of my career as an anthropological field-worker, I have maintained contacts with Indian tribesmen. True, there were years when I concentrated on the study of the mountain peoples of Nepal, but even then I paid periodic visits to some of the tribal areas of India, and this enabled me to keep abreast of current developments. When in 1976 I retired from the Chair of Asian Anthropology at the University of London and could devote more time to fieldwork, I decided to undertake a systematic investigation of social and economic changes affecting the tribal societies which I had studied in the 1940s. A grant from the Social Science Research Council of Great Britain, as well as subsidiary awards from the Leverhulme Trust Fund and the Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research, provided the material basis for this project, which included also the funding of parallel research by my young colleague Dr.
    [Show full text]