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Translation 2746 FISHERIES RESEARCH BOARD OF CANADA Translation Series No. 2746 Theory and practice of cultivation method of the eel. Fisheries multiplication cultivation series by Isao Matsui' Original title: Yoman-ho-.Tno riron to jissai; Suisan zo-yoshoku sosho. (Yoman-gyo.no Tebiki) Zoho kaitei ban Translated by the Translation Bureau( MI ) • Multilingual Services Division Department of the Secretary of State of Canada ResOurce'Development Branch .sFisheriès and Mariné Service ,Department of ,the .Environment ' Ottawa, KlA ..0H3 • 272 pages typescript DEPARTMENT OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE SECRÉTARIAT D'ÉTAT TRANSLATION BUREAU BUREAU DES•TRADUCTIONS MULTILINGUAL SERVICES DIVISION DES SERVICES DIVISION MULTILINGUES _ • CLI ENT'S NO. DEPARTMENT DI VISION/BRANCH CITY NO DU CLIENT MINISTÉRE DI VISION/DIRECTION VILLE Lnvironment. Fisheries ,Dervice Ottawa, unt. ____ BUREAU NO. LANGUAGE TRANSLATOR (INI TIALS) NO DU BUREAU LANGUE TRADUCTEUR INITIALES) 143855 Japa.nese MI SEP 1 2 1973 Fisheries Multiplication and Cultivation Series (Suisan Zo-yoshoku Sosho) No. 4 Enlarged and Revised Edition A ani(ie tn Pond Culture o r the ,-E1 Theory and Practice of Cultivation Method of the Eel (Yoman-ho no Riron to Jissai) • A Guide to Eel Cultivation Industry by Isao,MATSUI Japanese Association of Protection of Marine Resources (Nippon Suisan Shigen Hogo Kyokai) UNEDITED TIU,NSLAION Fer inforrna ion only TRAD:jCii0; ,1 NON REVISEE Informalion soulonwnt iC$ .-.!OU_I 0-.31 f5 3 0 .21-02U-B33.2 -2 7 L./I/ . DEPARTMENT OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE SECRÉTARIAT D'ÉTAT TRANSLATION BUREAU BUREAU DES TRADUCTIONS MULTILINGUAL SERVICES DIVISION DES SERVICES CANADA DIVISION MULTILINGUES TRANSLATED FROM - TRADUCTION DE INTO - EN Jaoanese English AUTHOR - AUTEUR Isao •.T\;•\ Tt TITLE IN ENGLISH - TITRE ANGLAIS Theory and Practice of Cultivation Eethod 7.1f the Eel; Fisheries Multiplication (jultivation Series No.4 (A Guide to Pond Culture of the Eel) Enlarged and Revised Edition TITLE IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE (TRANSLITERATE FOREIGN CHARACTERS) TITRE EN LANGUE ÉTRANGÉRE (TRANSCRIRE EN CARACTÈRES ROMAINS) Yoman-ho no Riron to Jissai; Suisan Zo-yoshoku Sosho No.4 _(Yoman-yo no Tebiki) Zoho Kaitei Ban REFERENCE IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE (NAME OF BOOK OR PUBLICATION) IN FULL. TRANSLITERATE FOREIGN CHARACTERS. RÉFÉRENCE EN LANGUE ÉTRANGÉRE (NOM DU LIVRE OU PUBLICATION), AU COMPLET, TRANSCRIRE EN CARACTÈRES ROMAINS. n/a erElftENCE IN ENGLISH - RÉFÉRENCE EN ANGLAIS n/a- I - PUBLISHER - ÉDITEUR PAGE NUMBERS IN ORIGINAL Association of Protectio DATE OF PUBLICATION NUMÉROS DES PAGES DANS Jaoanese DATE DE PUBLICATION L'ORIGINAL of Narine Resources (Nippon Suisa Shien Irtogo Yyokai) YEAR ISSUE NO. 119 + 3 VOLUME PLACE OF PUBLICATION ANNéE NUMéRO NUMBER OF TYPED PAGES LIEU DE PUBLICATION NOMBRE DE PAGES Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan .DACTYLOGRAPHIÉES 1970 n/a n/.a 272 REQUESTING DEPARTMENT TRANSLATION BUREAU NO. MINISTÈRE-CLIENT Environment NOTRE DOSSIER N 0 1/I-3855 BRANCH OR DIVISION Fisheries bervice TRANSLATOR (INITIALS) DIRECTION OU DIVISION TRADUCTEUR (INITIALES) PERSON REQUESTING DEMANOÈ PAR K ..C. Lucas SEP 1 2 1973 YOUR NUMBER VOTRE DOSSIER N 0 DATE OF REQUEST DATE PE LA DEMANDE u/ o.2173_ V.or ■\10,11 RE \ettSEE teti\ornerit 505.200-10-5 1REV. 2/68 1 71• 3 ■ -21- ,)21.1-'5'333 2 PREFACE TO THE SERIES OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF PROTECTION OF MARINE RESOURCES Our fisheries industry, which is at the top of production quantities of all the world's fisheries industries, could stand at the most advanced level of the industry in the world if our industry was supported not only by the desire of raising the productivity but also by the rational administra- tion of marine resources and development as well as utilization of the resources on the basis of conserving them for the eternal future. Problems related to the conservation of natural resources are numerous. Indeed it can be said that the fisheries administration policy covers the whole phase of • -establishing-and practicing the natural resource preservation policies. In reality, the more appropriate policy should grasp the actual status of the natural resources by scientific methods, control the quantities of catches, add to and cultivate the existing resources, and improve environmental conditions and other protective measures. Further, policies on stabilization of fisheries *product prices and financial standings of fishermen should be aimed at avoiding mere increase of productions and catches to get out of the fihancial unbalance. We must understand also that our own natural resource conservation policy is a portion of the world's open • sea fishery policy. That is to say, any claim to propose freedom of the open sea fishery should be accompanied by declaration, practice, and cooporation in preservative and developmental utilization of the world natural resources. As our technologies make progress, and our fisheries producti- vities increase, we feel that our contribution towards the preservation of the world natural resources is increasingly strongly solicited and our efforts in cooperation must be undoubtedly more constructive. In our fisheries industry, which is only a part of our forever progressing national economy, the most important contributions that we fishermen can make towards the well balanced development of the national economy are promoting scientific research of protective cultivation of natural resources, and linking the research efforts and administration in this „industry. Our scientists in this industry already made considerable progress towards our goals, but stabilization of managerial problems in this industry is still unsettled. This gap between the theory and practice should be narrowed probably at the standpoint of well-treating the natural resources, by scientific means and by improving fisheries policies. This association is publishing four different series of publications, fisheries research series, fisheries multiplication and cultivation series, overseas fisheries series, and fisheries policy and administration series, and • we hope that these publications contribute in helping to solve so ni e of the problems that we face in our fisheries industry. We shall be extremely happy if these publications indeed contribute towards stabilization and improvement of our fisheries industry and establishing and practicing better Policies towards the goals. Neither a complete publication nor a lengthy portion of the publications of this association may be excerpted and reproduced without the prior authorization of this association. • 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS /1 PAGES ORIGINAL TRANSLATED ARTICLE ARTICLE Introduction 2 6 1 Historical Records and Present Day Status of the Eel Culturing Business 2 Biological Species of Japanese Eels and their Distribution 18 3 Life History of the Eel 15 33 4 Factors Contributing to the Growth of the Eel Culturing Business 19 40 Culture Stock 21 46 le- 5 6 Feed 38 77 7 Environment 49 98 8 Disease and Natural Enemy: Their Prevention and Removal 81 157 9 Cultivation Method and Maintenance of Pond 97 186 10 Marketing 113 222 11 Business Administration 117 226 Refèrences 119 231 6 INTRODUCTION /2 11› The fisheries resources of this country, which largely depended on the natural resources only, since ancient times, has started to show the need for artificial cultivation and further development equivalent to seeding and cultivation in agriculture. Mainly because of the most remarkable economic expansion of this country, various enterprises related to structural improvement of primary industries have sprung out in this country. Consequently, part-time fishermen and farmers with low-productivity farmland and some people in fishing villages which lost fishing ground by land reclamation works for development of seaside industrial zones expressed their desire to start out in the eel culture business, At the same time, suitable reference books for it have been in high demand. Among the reference books already published, Goichi Sago's "Eel Culture Methods" and Kei Abe's "Studies on Fish Culture; carp, crucian carp and eel", both of which were published before the war, and Toshi Inaba's "Guide Book for Eel Culturing" published after the war are excellent but all of these have been out-of-print for sometime. Under these circumstances, the author was approached by the Japanese Association of Protection of Marine Resources (lappon Suisan Shigen }logo Kyokai), and the first edition of this book was published in 1964, but the books were quickly sold out, while the eel culturing business continued to make a rapid progress. For this reason, the author added a few novel findings and cumulated knowledge in the technology into this new edition. This new edition was, therefore, made to be published largely at the demands of people involved with various phases of eel culturing, and the author wishes that the book contribute to further progress of the eel culture technology. This book perhaps has its own right to be considered as a sister volume to the author's essay "the life's journey of eel", but the material covered in this book is limited to those with practical aspects, especially those related to the industrial production of the eel. The author has taken great pains over this work so that it is useful to every class of reader, from the • - beginners just about tio -start -the -eel -cmIturing business to established trade men and those who are working at a position of giving guidance to the traders. For the former, the author hopes that the book would be useful for being explanatory and for the latter, being more theoretical. Therefore, it is suggested that the reader make use of the book at his own stand point, selecting the subjects of his choice. The author is fully aware of the fact that there are many examples in which industries made great strides by . invention, discovery or improvement's yielded by hard-working traders' accumulated knowledge, experiences, and, above all, deep thinking. The author wishes that this book could present • a few small hints of improvement to the traders in the fish 8 culture industry and thus become a driving force in improving the status of this industry.
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