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CONTENTS PART I : PLANT SCIENCES Effect of tillage and methods of fertilizer application on yield and economics of horsegram S.D.RAUT, U.V. MAHADKAR, S.S.NITAVE, V.A. RAJEMAHADIK AND G.B. SHENDAGE 1 Genetic diversity based on cluster and principal component analysis for yield, yield components and quality traits in peanut stem necrosis tolerant groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes P. DHARANI NIVEDITHA, M. SUDHARANI, A. PRASANNA RAJESH AND P.J. NIRMALA 6 Rice- weed ecosystem under mechanized system of rice intensification (MSRI) in North coastal A.P. G. PRIYANKA AND K. V. RAMANA MURTHY 13 Correlation and path analysis in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under organic and conventional fertilizer managements M. MANJU BHARGAVI, M. SHANTHI PRIYA, D. MOHAN REDDY AND B. RAVINDRA REDDY 18 Supplementation of nitrogen and potassium nutrients through foliar nutrition to bidi tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) K. PRABHAKAR, P. PULLI BAI , P. MUNIRATHNAM, J. MANJUNATH, T. RAGHAVENDHRA, Y. PADMALATHA AND B. GOPAL REDDY 27 Influence of varieties and fertilization on growth and yield of sweet sorghum grown as main and ratoon crops M. GANGA DEVI, S. TIRUMALA REDDY AND S.M. MUNEENDRA NAIDU 33 Influence of green manure and potassium on growth, yield and economics of rice (Oryza sativa L.) D.V.SUJATHA, P. KAVITHA, M.V.S. NAIDU AND P. UMA MAHESWARI 43 Genetic characterization of promising prosomillet lines using cluster and principal component analyses B.V REDDY, CVCM REDDY, PVRM REDDY AND B. GOPAL REDDY 50 Yield, economics and quality parameters of baby corn as influenced by plant densities and levels of nitrogen M. VENKATA LAKSHMI, B VENKATESWARLU, P. V. N. PRASAD AND P. PRASUNA RANI 59 Dry matter partitioning and grain yield potential of maize-chickpea sequence as influenced by sowing time and nitrogen levels M. RATNAM, B. VENKATESWARLU, E. NARAYANA, T.C.M NAIDU AND A. LALITHA KUMARI 67 PART II : AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING Evaluation of packaging method and material for shelf life enhancement of sweet orange M.V.VENKATESH, S.VISHNUVARDHAN AND R.LAKSHMIPATHY 72 PART III : HOME SCIENCE Knowledge level of rural people on gram sabha of Dantiwada taluka of Gujarat SIMPLE JAIN 82 A study of the determinants of perception on the girl child in Andhra, Telangana and Rayalaseema regions BILQUIS AND K.MAYURI 91 PART IV : HORTICULTURE Influence of plantation age on production performance of oil palm in Andhra Pradesh P.MADHAVI LATHA, M. KALPANA AND K.MANORAMA 98 PART V : SOCIAL SCIENCES Climate resilient technology adaptation and expected cost of uncertainty under Nagarjuna Sagar Project, Krishna River Basin M.CHANDRASEKHAR REDDY, D.VISHNU SHANKAR RAO, G.RAGHUNADHA REDDY, K.GURAVA REDDY AND V.SREENIVASA RAO 104 Relationship between profile of the farmers and extent of adaptation measures in combating climate variability B. KRANTHI KUMARI, S.V. PRASAD, P.V. SATYA GOPAL AND G. MOHAN NAIDU 114 A study on forecasting of area, production and productivity of pearl millet in Andhra Pradesh V. NIREESHA, V. SRINIVASA RAO, D.V.S. RAO AND G.RAGHUNADHA REDDY 119 Estimating the efficiency in value chain of jaggery in Andhra Pradesh I.V.Y. RAMA RAO AND K. SRIRAM 127 Comparative advantage of indian oilseeds and oils exports A.ARUNA KUMARI AND K.KRISHNA REDDY 135 PART VI : RESEARCH NOTES Correlation and path analysis for yield attributes in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) JAKE LEE GALIAN, NIDHI MOHAN, C.V. SAMEER KUMAR AND P.MALLESH 144 Costs and returns analysis of red chilli cultivation in Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh: A comparative analysis of adopters vs. non-adopters of price forecasts A. INDHUSHREE AND G.RAGHUNADHA REDDY 149 Nutrient removal and soil fertility status on application of organic nutrient sources to tomato P. PRABHU PRASADINI, S. SRIDEVI AND S. VANI ANUSHA 153 J.Res. ANGRAU 44(3&4) 1-5, 2016 EFFECT OF TILLAGE AND METHODS OF FERTILIZER APPLICATION ON YIELD AND ECONOMICS OF HORSEGRAM S.D.RAUT, U.V. MAHADKAR, S.S.NITAVE, V.A. RAJEMAHADIK AND G.B. SHENDAGE Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Dr. B. S. Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli, Ratnagiri -415 712 Date of Receipt : 15.9.2016 Date of Acceptance : 17.10.2016 ABSTRACT An experiment was conducted at Agronomy Farm of Dr. B.S.K.K.V., Dapoli during rabi season 2012-2013 to study the effort of tillage and methods of fertilizer application on yield and economics of horsegram.The field experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three replications. The main plot treatments comprised four tillage conditions - Minimum tillage with drilling(S1), Conventional tillage with drilling (S2), Conventional tillage with dibbling (S3) and Zero tillage (dibbling) (S4) and sub plot treatments comprised four methods of fertilizer application absolute control (F1), 100% RDF (Soil application) (F2), 25% RDF (Foliar application) (F3) and 50% RDF (Foliar application) (F4). The results revealed that tillage treatments conventional tillage with dibbling and conventional tillage with drillingwas found significantly superior to rest of the treatments but at par with each other and recorded higher grain and straw yield, total cost of cultivation, gross income, net returns and B:C ratio obtained from different treatments. Among the methods of fertilizer application viz., 100% RDF (Soil application) and 50% RDF (Foliar application) were found significantly superior over remaining treatments but statistically identical with each other in respect of seed yield, total cost of cultivation, gross income, net returns and B:C ratio. It can be concluded that horsegram crop should be grown in conventional tillage condition by dibbling method along with soil application of 100 per cent recommended dose of fertilizer at sowing time, to obtain higher grain and straw yield, net returns and B:C ratio. INTRODUCTION in maintain yield characteristics. For optimum growth In Konkan region of Maharashtra, horsegram of the plant, the concentration of nutrients in the soil is mainly grown in Rabi season in rice field after solution should be maintained at the critical value harvest of Kharif rice both on residual moisture as below which the growth of plant decreased (Mengel well as under irrigation. Horsegram is one of under- and Kirby,1982).The present investigation was, exploited grain legumes, which has great potential in therefore, undertaken to study the effect of different sustainable agriculture. Hence, there is scope to tillage conditions and effect of different methods of enhance the productivity of horsegram by proper fertilizer application on yield and economics of agronomic practices such as tillage and fertilizer horsegram. management. Tillage is an important aspect in crop MATERIAL AND METHODS production, as tillage accounts 30 per cent of cost of Field experiment was conducted in Agronomy production. Considering the high cost of tillage, there Department Farm, College of Agriculture, Dapoli, is a need to plan suitable tillage system for profitable Ratnagiri district during rabi season 2012-2013. The crop production. Fertilizers are applied by different field experiment was laid out in a split plot design. methods to make the nutrients easily available to The main plot treatments comprised four tillage crops, to reduce the fertilizer losses and for easy conditions - Minimum tillage with drilling(S1), application. Basal dose of fertilizer application has a Conventional tillage with drilling (S2), Conventional significant importance in the vegetative growth and tillage with dibbling (S3) and Zero tillage (dibbling) (S4). E-mail: [email protected] 1 RAUT et al. Sub plot treatments comprised four methods of agricultural operations and market prices of inputs. -1 fertilizer application- absolute control (F1), 100% RDF The net returns (Rs.ha ) for individual treatment were (Soil application) (F2), 25% RDF (Foliar application) worked out by deducting the total cost of cultivation (F3) and 50% RDF (Foliar application) (F4). Thus, there of each treatment from gross returns of respective were in all sixteen treatment combinations replicated treatment. The benefit - cost ratio of each treatment thrice. The gross plot size was 4.0 m x 3.0 m and net was calculated by dividing the gross returns by the plot size was 3.6 m x 2.4 m, respectively. The soil of cost of cultivation of respective treatment. the experimental plot was sandy clay loam in texture, RESULTS AND DISCUSSION medium in available nitrogen (294.2 kg ha-1), low in Effect of tillage conditions on grain and straw phosphorus (13.2 kg ha-1), medium in available yield (q ha-1) potassium (164.6 kg ha-1), medium in organic carbon Data furnished in Table 1 reveals that various (0.96%) and slightly acidic in reaction. The tillage conditions significantly influenced the grain preparatory tillage operations carried out as per the yield and straw yield (q ha-1) of horsegram. The tillage main treatments. Sowing of horsegram was done on treatment S recorded higher grain yield (9.72 q ha-1) 5th December, 2012 by using the seed rate of 20 kg 3 and straw yield (19.99 q ha-1) followed by treatment ha-1. The sowing of treated seeds was done as per S which was at par with each other and significantly treatments. The quantity of fertilizer dose for each 2 superior over S and S in that descending order of plot was calculated and applied through soil and foliar 1 4 significance. However, significantly the lowest grain application as per the treatments.100% RDF was and straw yield was recorded in treatment S i.e. zero applied through soil as basal dose. Foliar applications 4 tillage over rest of treatment and similar results have of fertilizers were started from 24 days after sowing. been reported by Chendge(2012). Total eleven spays were applied at the interval of four days during the experimentation. Crop was Effect of methods of fertilizer application on grain harvested at physiological maturity and data on grain and straw yield (q ha-1) and straw yield was recorded.