Introduction to Modern Middle East

Spring 2014

Yoav Di-Capua

HIS 306N-5 GOV 314-3 MES 301L

Classes: T TH 11:00-12:30 UTC 3.124

Office Hours: Garrison 0.136 (History Department). T TH. 1-2 and by appointment. e-mail: [email protected]

Teaching Assistants: Emily Hawthrone ([email protected] ) and Philip Issa ([email protected] ) Office hours by appointment.

Our Website: http://laits.utexas.edu/modern_me/index.php

Course Description: This is an introductory class to the history of the Middle East in the 20th century. The main question for consideration is which forces and what sort of developments transformed this region from a relatively peaceful region to a radicalized environment and a source for opposition against the “West.” By exploring critical political, social, intellectual and economic themes such as colonialism, Arab nationalism, secular modernism, the impact of Zionism and military conflict, the rise of political Islam, the status of women and the oil revolution, we would identify the main internal and external forces, as well as the critical processes, that shaped the region during the last century.

Course Requirements and Grading: 2 Exams: Midterm (45%), Final (45%) Participation and Periodic Quizzes 10%

Attendance is mandatory (One grade (+/-) down for every unjustified three classes skipped).

Mandatory Textbooks (available at the Co-op or bookfinder.com): • James Gelvin, The Modern Middle East; A History (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004). • James Gelvin, The Israel-Palestine Conflict : One Hundred Years of War (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005).

1 Course Packet: Course packet is available at Jenn’s Copy and Binding 2200 Guadalupe • [email protected] 512-473-8669

Deadlines: - Mid-East Blind Map Quiz: January 23rd - Midterm Exam: February 25th - Final Exam: TBD.

Note: All papers and exams are due at 11:00 in class. No late or electronic submissions.

Accommodations: At the beginning of the semester, students with disabilities who need special accommodations should notify me by presenting a letter prepared by the Services for Students with Disabilities Office (SSD tel. 471-6259)

Academic Integrity: Students should maintain a high standard of individual honor in his or her scholarly work. All work handed in by students should be their own work, prepared without unauthorized assistance. All cases of academic dishonesty will be treated with due severity. For further information visit the Student Judicial Services website at http://www.utexas.edu/cola/depts/history/about/academic-integrity.php or call 471-2841

2 Class Schedule

The “Troubled Century” January 14th

• Introductory Lecture: What is there to Understand about the Middle East?

Imperialism and the Close of the Ottoman Era, 1882-1914 January 16th

• James Gelvin, The Modern Middle East; A History (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004), pp. 9-68, 69-99, 132-146.

• Roger Owen, “Egypt and Europe: From French Expedition to British Occupation,” The Modern Middle East a Rader ed. Albert Hourani et al. (London: I. B. Tauris, 1993), pp, 111-124.

World War I in the Middle East: Part I January 21st

• Cleveland William, History of the Modern Middle East, Chapter 9 (146-167).

• David Lesch, The Arab Israeli Conflict: A History (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008), pp. 45-93.

• Avi Shlaim, War and Peace in the Middle East, 11-26.

World War I in the Middle East: Part II January 23rd

Middle East Map Quiz

• James Gelvin, The Modern Middle East; A History, pp. 171-205.

• C. Ernest Dawn, “From Ottomanism to Arabism: The Origin of an Ideology,” in The Modern Middle East: a Reader (eds.). Hourani, Khoury, and Wilson, (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1993), pp. 375-393.

The Emergence of the Arab Nation State System: 1914-1952: Part I January 28th

• Cleveland, William, History of the Modern Middle East, Chapter 10, 11, 12 (172- 181, 190-233.)

The Emergence of the Arab Nation State System: 1914-1952: Part II January 30th

• Roger Owen, State, Power and Politics in the Making of the Modern Middle East (Routledge, 2004), pp. 1-26.

• Thabit Abdullah, A Short History of Iraq: From 636 to the Present (Pearson- Longman, 2003), pp. 122-154.

Arab Israeli Conflict 1882-1948: part I February 4th

• James Gelvin, The Israel-Palestine Conflict: One Hundred Years of War, pp. 1-75.

• Rashid Khalidi, Palestinian identity: the Construction of Modern National Consciousness (New York: Columbia University Press, 1997). Chapter 3.

Arab Israeli Conflict 1882-1948: part II February 6th

• James Gelvin, The Israel-Palestine Conflict: One Hundred Years of War, pp. 76-143.

• Benny Morris, The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited, pp. 1-29. (Introduction).

• David Lesch, The Arab Israeli Conflict: A History (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008), pp. 126-161.

Socio-Economic Malaise and the End of Liberal Experiments February 11th

• Stephen Humphreys, Between Memory and Desire: the Middle East in a Troubled Age (Berkeley, UC Press, 1999). Conclusion, pp. 113-130.

Nasserism and Ba`thism: Part I February 13th

• Adeed Dawisha, Arab Nationalism in the Twentieth Century: from Triumph to Despair (Princeton, N.J. 2003), pp. 135-159.

• Stephen Humphreys, Between Memory and Desire: pp. 60-82.

Nasserism and Ba`thism: Part II February 18th

• Adeed Dawisha, Arab Nationalism in the Twentieth Century: From Triumph to Despair (Princeton, N.J. 2003), pp. 252-281.

The Palestinian Revolution February 20th

• Yezid Sayigh, Armed Struggle and the Search for State: the Palestinian National Movement, 1949-1993 (Oxford: Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford University Press, 1997), pp. 71-95.

• Rashid Khalidi, Palestinian Identity: The Construction of Modern National Consciousness (New York: Columbia University Press, 1997). pp. 177-209.

Take Home Midterm Examination, Due February 27th

5 Colonialism and Revolution in Algeria February 25th • Benjamin Stora, Algeria, 1830-2000: A Short History (Ithaca: 2001), pp. 1-27. • Alistair Horne, A Savage War of Peace: Algeria 1954-1962 (New York: NYRB, 2006), pp. 83-104.

The Algerian War of Independence Part I February 27th

Midterm Examination is Due

Film: The Battle for Algiers

The Algerian War of Independence Part II

March 4th

• Benjamin Stora, Algeria, 1830-2000: a Short History, pp. pp. 33-85, 107-115.

• Helie-Lucas, “Women, Nationalism and Religion in the Algerian Liberation Struggle,” in Miriam Cooke and Margot Badran (Eds.), Opening the Gates: An Anthology of Arab Feminist Writing (Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University Press, 2004), pp. 105-114.

The Arab East and the 1967 War Part I March 6th

Submit First Report on Algerian War of Independence

• Michael Oren, Six Days of War: June 1967 and the Making of the Modern Middle East (Oxford: 2002), pp. 1-32.

• James Gelvin, The Israel-Palestine Conflict, pp. 165- 194.

SPRING BREAK MARCH 10H- 15TH

The Arab East and the 1967 War Part II March 18th

• Film: Six Days in June

The Age of Oil and America: I March 20th

• James Gelvin, The Modern Middle East; A History, pp. 247-267.

• Roger Owen & Sevket Pamuk, A History of Middle East Economies in the Twentieth Century (Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1999), pp. 202- 229.

The Age of Oil and America: II March 25th

• Douglas Little, American Orientalism: The United States and the Middle East Since 1945 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002), pp. 43-75.

Reaction to Secularism and the Rise of Islam March 27th

• Kepel, Gilles, Jihad: the Trail of Political Islam (London; New York: I.B. Tauris, 2004), pp. 23-42.

• Kepel, Gilles, The Roots of Radical Islam (London: 2005), pp. 23-69.

Radicalism as an Idea April 1st

• Emmanuel Sivan, Radical Islam: Medieval Theology and Modern Politics (new edition), pp. 1-49.

The Iranian Revolution April 3rd

• Mehran Kamrava, The Modern Middle East: A Political History Since the First World War (California U. Press, 2005), 138-168.

• Abrahamian, Ervand, Iran Between Two Revolutions (Princeton, N.J.: 1982), pp. 496-529.

Second and Third Waves of Islamic Radicalism April 8th

• Kepel, Gilles, Jihad: the Trail of Political Islam, pp. 299-322, 361-376.

Palestinian-Israeli Conflict, 1982 to Oslo, Part I & II April 10th and April 15th

• James Gelvin, The Israel-Palestine Conflict, pp. 196-256.

• David Lesch, The Arab Israeli Conflict: A History (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008), pp. 317-364.

The Middle East in Revolution, 2011 and Beyond

• Documentary Film: The Square (2013) • James Gelvin, The Arab Uprisings (Oxford: 2012): I will email selection chapters. Not in course packet.

Tunisia: April 17th Egypt: Part I and II April 22nd and April 24th Syria: April 29th

Concluding Thoughts May 1st