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Bad Girls: Agency, Revenge, and Redemption in Contemporary Drama
e Interdisciplinary Journal of Popular Culture and Pedagogy Bad Girls: Agency, Revenge, and Redemption in Contemporary Drama Courtney Watson, Ph.D. Radford University Roanoke, Virginia, United States [email protected] ABSTRACT Cultural movements including #TimesUp and #MeToo have contributed momentum to the demand for and development of smart, justified female criminal characters in contemporary television drama. These women are representations of shifting power dynamics, and they possess agency as they channel their desires and fury into success, redemption, and revenge. Building on works including Gillian Flynn’s Gone Girl and Netflix’s Orange is the New Black, dramas produced since 2016—including The Handmaid’s Tale, Ozark, and Killing Eve—have featured the rise of women who use rule-breaking, rebellion, and crime to enact positive change. Keywords: #TimesUp, #MeToo, crime, television, drama, power, Margaret Atwood, revenge, Gone Girl, Orange is the New Black, The Handmaid’s Tale, Ozark, Killing Eve Dialogue: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Popular Culture and Pedagogy 37 Watson From the recent popularity of the anti-heroine in novels and films like Gone Girl to the treatment of complicit women and crime-as-rebellion in Hulu’s adaptation of The Handmaid’s Tale to the cultural watershed moments of the #TimesUp and #MeToo movements, there has been a groundswell of support for women seeking justice both within and outside the law. Behavior that once may have been dismissed as madness or instability—Beyoncé laughing wildly while swinging a baseball bat in her revenge-fantasy music video “Hold Up” in the wake of Jay-Z’s indiscretions comes to mind—can be examined with new understanding. -
The Pathologising Effect of TV Revengendas
University of Wollongong Research Online Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers Faculty of Arts, Social Sciences & Humanities 1-1-2015 The bitter taste of payback: the pathologising effect of TV revengendas Cassandra E. Sharp University of Wollongong, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/lhapapers Part of the Arts and Humanities Commons, and the Law Commons Recommended Citation Sharp, Cassandra E., "The bitter taste of payback: the pathologising effect of TV revengendas" (2015). Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers. 2422. https://ro.uow.edu.au/lhapapers/2422 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] The bitter taste of payback: the pathologising effect of TV revengendas Abstract The thirst for vengeance is a timeless subject in popular entertainment. One need only think of Old Testament scripture; Shakespeare's Hamlet; Quentin Tarantino's Kill Bill or the TV series Revenge, and we immediately conjure up images of a protagonist striving to seek justice to avenge a heinous wrong committed against them. These texts, and others like it, speak to that which is ingrained in our human spirit about not only holding others responsible for their actions, but also about retaliation as payback. This article seeks to problematise the way the popular revenge narrative effectively constructs the vendetta as a guilty pleasure through which the audience can vicariously gain satisfaction, while at the same time perpetuates law's rhetoric that personal desires for vengeance are to be repressed and denied. -
MA Thesis Ceremonials FINAL
ABSTRACT CEREMONIALS: A RECLAMATION OF THE WITCH THROUGH DEVISED RITUAL THEATRE by Rachel Lynn Brandenburg Rituals have been used throughout history as a way to process change and emotion. In the modern day, people are beginning to turn away from organized religion and to take on more personalized rituals and spirituality. As such, identifying as a witch is a growing phenomenon that serves to empower many personally, politically, and spiritually. This creative thesis takes an autobiographical approach to explore how ritual and the identity of the witch can be used as tools of empowerment, tracing the artist’s own journey from Catholicism to a more fluid spiritual life. On February 22nd, 2019, Ceremonials: A Ritual Play opened as part of Miami University’s Independent Artist Series. The play was devised with a student ensemble over a period of five months and stands as the culmination of a series of performance projects that sought to combine ritual and theatre. This portfolio spans the breadth of that practice-based research and includes examples from performance experiments and the devising process, as well as reflections on how ritual and devised theatre can help to empower the individual and the artist. CEREMONIALS: A RECLAMATION OF THE WITCH THROUGH DEVISED RITUAL THEATRE A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Miami University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts by Rachel Lynn Brandenburg Miami University Oxford, Ohio 2019 Advisor: Saffron Henke Reader: Julia Guichard Reader: Christiana Molldrem Harkulich ©2019 Rachel Lynn Brandenburg This Thesis titled CEREMONIALS: A RECLAMATION OF THE WITCH THROUGH DEVISED RITUAL THEATRE by Rachel Lynn Brandenburg has been approved for publication by The College of Creative Arts and Department of Theatre ____________________________________________________ Saffron Henke, MFA ______________________________________________________ Julia Guichard, MFA _______________________________________________________ Christiana Molldrem Harkulich, PhD Table of Contents 1. -
Jastics Delays' Rsveüge
Jastics Delays’ Rsveüge- . ■ C il 1X1 a i - . : . "Г / с;. Justice Delays Revenge- The Spanish Tragedy and Revenge Tradition A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Letters and the Institute of Economics and Social Sciences of Bilkent University in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in English Language and Literature ta «4^^ by Erhan Kukner September, 1991 PR. Л.65'4 ' S63 è- 3079 We certify that we have read this thesis and that in our combined opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and in quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of Arts. Asst.Prof.Dr. Hamit Çalışkan (A d v i s o r ) L y ■'· Prof.Dr. Bülent Bozkurt (Committee Member) ' ^ 1 Dr. Laurence A. Raw Approved for the Institute of Economics and Social Sciences 1 1 Abstract Justice Delays Revenge- The Spanish Tragedy and Revenge Tradition Erhan Kükner M.A. In English Literature Advisor: Asst.Prof-Dr. Hamit Çalışkan September, 1991 The Spanish Tragedv. one of the best examples of English Renaissance drama, contributed towards the establishment of the revenge tragedy genre, which gained popularity in the years to come. Kyd in this play not only indicates that when the law is unjust, man will resort to revenge; but also demonstrates that a citizen should obey the ruler and regard revenge as a revolt against the state. Tl-is play tells the story of Hieronimo, who expects the murderer^ of his son to be punished. However, Hieronimo gradually discovers that the institutions of justice are useless and therefore takes revenge. -
Rights As Signals
RIGHTS AS SIGNALS DANIEL A. FARBER* ABSTRACT Because rights operate as trumps over normal governmental interests, they have an inherent cost. Consequently, by entrenching protection for human rights, govern- ments can signal a willingness to give up power in the short term to obtain long- term benefits. Investors can infer from this that the government has a low discount rate and is less likely to pose a threat of expropriation. Similarly, when courts vig- orously enforce human rights, they dramatize their judicial independence, which is valuable to investors, who themselves may have no interest in human rights. Thus, human rights enforcement may help encourage investment and thereby indirectly foster economic growth. I. INTRODUCTION CAN developing countries afford human rights and the rule of law? Perhaps not, according to Richard Posner. Posner advises poorer countries against "creating a first-class judiciary or an extensive system of civil liberties."' Although he is by no means opposed to judicial independence and human rights, he argues that they should largely await economic growth.2 From this point of view, the dramatic recent expansion of constitutionalism is a bit perplexing, if not a mistake. Posner's argument can be challenged on several grounds. Although he minimizes the importance of an independent judiciary to development,' the current consensus among economists is apparently to the contrary.' Some * McKnight Presidential Professor of Public Law, Henry J. Fletcher Professor of Law, and Associate Dean for Faculty and Research, University of Minnesota. Thanks to Jim Chen, David McGowan, Eric Posner, and Tom Ulen for helpful comments. 'Richard A. Posner, Creating a Legal Framework for Economic Development, 13 World Bank Research Observer 1, 9 (1998). -
Revenge Porn: the Concept and Practice of Combatting Nonconsensual Sexual Images in Europe
UNIVERSITY OF LATVIA European Master’s Degree in Human Rights and Democratisation A.Y. 2016/2017 Revenge porn: the concept and practice of combatting nonconsensual sexual images in Europe Author: Francesca Coletti Supervisors: Dr. Artūrs Kučs and Lolita Bērziņa Abstract There have been numerous high profile instances of nonconsensual sexual images, or ‘revenge porn’, within the EU in recent years, and growing social and political awareness of its existence. However, previous research focusing on the online violations of human rights has included little emphasis towards the impact of a horizontal relationship, and the potential for response. This thesis attempts to rectify this omission by considering the defining aspects of revenge porn, impacts for those affected, how far we can consider revenge porn ‘gendered’ or an act of violence, and whether it is a violation of human dignity. Building upon this, national and possible regional responses are weighed in turn. The existing revenge porn laws in the UK are measured for efficacy and impact, in contrast to the current data protection laws in Italy and the recent case of Tiziana Cantone. We then turn to the potential for a regional response from the EU; data protection laws, the right to be forgotten, and ratification of the Istanbul Convention are analysed through the lens of a potential regional revenge porn response. These areas combine and lead us toward an overarching realisation of the actors required, and next steps needed, to combat revenge porn within the EU. i Acknowledgements My sincerest gratitude to Artūrs and Lolita for their support, patience, criticism, and gentle reminders that deadlines are important. -
Industry Appendix of Resources on Non-Consensual Distribution of Sexually Intimate Images
INDUSTRY APPENDIX OF RESOURCES ON NON-CONSENSUAL DISTRIBUTION OF SEXUALLY INTIMATE IMAGES Facebook Community Standards Excerpt (most relevant portions highlighted): Sexual Violence and Exploitation: How we fight sexual violence and exploitation on Facebook. We remove content that threatens or promotes sexual violence or exploitation. This includes the sexual exploitation of minors, and sexual assault. To protect victims and survivors, we also remove photographs or videos depicting incidents of sexual violence and images shared in revenge or without permissions from the people in the images. Our definition of sexual exploitation includes solicitation of sexual material, any sexual content involving minors, threats to share intimate images, and offers of sexual services. Where appropriate, we refer this content to law enforcement. Offers of sexual services include prostitution, escort services, sexual massages, and filmed sexual activity. Facebook Appendix: • Community Standards • Help Center Article: What should I do if someone shares an intimate photo of me without my permission? • Help Center Article: How do I report an abusive photo? • Safety Center Removing Non-consensual Porn from Google Hosted Products and Search We know that sexually explicit imagery that is shared without consent is upsetting and distressing for victims, and so Google has policies to prohibit it on our services. We also have clear process for users to let us know if they identify content on Google services that violates our policies. On Drive, Google+, and YouTube, sharing sexually explicit content is generally disallowed. Users can flag offending content using the in-product user flags so that we can review and remove prohibited content. Step-by-step instructions are available in the Help Centers for Drive, Google+, and YouTube. -
Revenge Porn Angel Quiles
Seton Hall University eRepository @ Seton Hall Law School Student Scholarship Seton Hall Law 2016 Revenge Porn Angel Quiles Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.shu.edu/student_scholarship Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Quiles, Angel, "Revenge Porn" (2016). Law School Student Scholarship. 832. https://scholarship.shu.edu/student_scholarship/832 Angel Quiles Thesis A federal revenge-porn bill is expected in the near future, and many states have already adopted their own laws. However, there has not been a common consensus with a federal law. This paper will analyze the different state laws and court rulings to create a federal law, which will address a famous revenge-porn case – Lastonia Leviston v. Curtis Jackson (50 Cent). My newly created federal law should balance the individual’s rights to free speech and the government’s interest in protecting its citizens from unprotected speech. Revenge Porn Defined Revenge porn is defined as the nonconsensual postings of images that were originally given to another with the implied expectation of confidentiality.1 According to Miami law professor, Mary Anne Franks, these postings should be considered as nonconsensual pornography.2 Professor Franks defines these acts as such because of the lack of consent that occurs when someone takes another’s private, nude, or sexual photos and then distributes them.3 Posting these images may inflict emotional damage on the victim due to the deep and personal betrayal of the act.4 Since victims do not retain the power to control over who views their images their personal images can become circulated throughout the U.S., and sometimes the world. -
1 To: Drafting Committee on Unauthorized Disclosure of Intimate
To: Drafting Committee on Unauthorized Disclosure of Intimate Images Act From: Mary Anne Franks, Reporter Subject: Explanatory Memo Date: December 2, 2016 I. The Issue The disclosure of private, sexually explicit images without consent and for no legitimate purpose – often referred to as “revenge porn” – causes immediate, devastating, and in many cases irreversible harm. A vengeful ex-partner, opportunistic hacker, or rapist can upload an explicit image of a victim to a website where thousands of people can view it and hundreds of other websites can share it. In a matter of days, that image can dominate the first several pages of search engine results for the victim’s name, as well as being emailed or otherwise exhibited to the victim’s family, employers, co-workers, and peers. Victims are frequently threatened with sexual assault, stalked, harassed, fired from jobs, and forced to change schools.1 Some victims have committed suicide.2 While nonconsensual pornography affects both male and female individuals, available evidence to date indicates that the majority of victims are women and girls and that women and girls face often more serious consequences as a result of their victimization.3 Nonconsensual pornography refers to sexually explicit images and video disclosed without consent and for no legitimate purpose. The term encompasses footage obtained by hidden cameras, consensually exchanged images within a confidential relationship, stolen photos, and recordings of sexual assaults. Nonconsensual pornography often plays a role in intimate -
Valuing Modern Contract Scholarship
Responses Valuing Modern Contract Scholarship Ian Ayrest I. INTRODUCTION Eric Posner has written a thoughtful and provocative indictment of the modem economic analysis of contracts. His essay makes two central claims1 about the failings of scholars "to produce an 'economic theory.' Specifically, Posner claims that the economic approach "does not explain the current system of contract law" and that it does not "provide a solid basis for criticizing and reforming contract law."2 In other words, Posner claims that modem scholarship fails as either a descriptive or a normative theory, in that it fails to give an account of what current law is or what efficient law should be. The descriptive criticism deserves only brief comment. Although he claims that modem scholarship has failed to achieve "what its proponents set out as the measure of success, ' 3 Posner sadly distorts reality by claiming that the leading scholars have been engaged in an attempt to use economic theory to predict the content of current legal rules. This is a straw man. Of course, decades ago this was the project of Richard Posner. 4 But the thought that efficiency analysis would provide a mechanism to predict the details of current doctrine is a serious misreading of the aims of modem scholarship. t William K. Townsend Professor, Yale Law School, [email protected]. Alan Schwartz provided helpful comments. 1. Eric A. Posner, Economic Analysis of Contract Law After Three Decades: Success or Failure?,112 YALE L.J. 829, 830 (2003). 2. Id. 3. Id.at 879; see also id, at 831 ("[Tjhe original aspiration[] of the economic analysis of contract law [was] to provide an explanation of existing legal rules ...."). -
THE INFLUENCE of Two DECADES of CONTRACT LAW SCHOLARSHIP on JUDICIAL RULINGS: an EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
SMU Law Review Volume 57 Issue 1 Article 5 2004 The Influence of woT Decades of Contract Law Scholarship on Judicial Rulings: An Empirical Analysis Gregory S. Crespi Southern Methodist University, Dedman School of Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.smu.edu/smulr Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Gregory S. Crespi, The Influence of woT Decades of Contract Law Scholarship on Judicial Rulings: An Empirical Analysis, 57 SMU L. REV. 105 (2004) https://scholar.smu.edu/smulr/vol57/iss1/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at SMU Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in SMU Law Review by an authorized administrator of SMU Scholar. For more information, please visit http://digitalrepository.smu.edu. THE INFLUENCE OF Two DECADES OF CONTRACT LAW SCHOLARSHIP ON JUDICIAL RULINGS: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS Gregory Scott Crespi* I. INTRODUCTION VER the last two decades, a substantial and diverse body of con- tract law scholarship has been produced. Some of this work lim- its itself to applying traditional doctrinal categories and analytical approaches to new problems, while some also engages in eco- nomic analysis of various legal regimes, and some is empirical as well as analytical in nature. Much of this work is of a rather theoretical and ab- stract character. Consequently, one wonders whether this literature has had any discernable impact upon judicial practice, particularly in light of the declarations made by both prominent jurists and leading practitioners that most current legal scholarship has very limited relevance for attor- neys and judges,' and given recent studies that suggest declining rates of 2 citation of law review articles in judicial opinions. -
LEAVING CUSTOMARY INTERNATIONAL LAW WHERE IT Is: GOLDSMITH and POSNER's the LIMITS of INTERNATIONAL LAW
LEAVING CUSTOMARY INTERNATIONAL LAW WHERE IT Is: GOLDSMITH AND POSNER'S THE LIMITS OF INTERNATIONAL LAW David M. Golove* TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION ......................................... 334 II. THE THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK ............................ 336 A. Self-Interested States? ................................ 337 B. The Supposed Weakness of Customary InternationalLaw ..... 343 Im. EMPIRICAL METHODOLOGY: GOLDSMITH AND POSNER' S APPROACH TO HISTORY ....................................347 IV. CUSTOMARY INTERNATIONAL LAW AND THE CIVIL WAR ........ 350 V. CONCLUSION ........................................... 377 * The Hiller Family Foundation Professor of Law, New York University School of Law. For helpful comments, the author is indebted to Eyal Benvenisti, John Ferejohn, Thomas Franck, Barry Friedman, Clay Gillette, Dan Hulsebosch, Stephen Holmes, Lewis Kornhauser, Mattias Kumm, Daryl Levinson, Susan Lewis, Rick Pildes, and all of the participants in the symposium. This Essay was presented at a symposium on The Limits of InternationalLaw, University of Georgia Law School, October 28-29, 2005. GA. J. INT'L & COMP. L. [Vol. 34:333 I. INTRODUCrION International legal scholarship has long suffered from too much normative theorizing and too little positive analysis about how the international legal system actually works. This inattention to the empirical and descriptive has alienated international legal scholars from their colleagues in political science departments and lent much of international law scholarship an utopian air. Whatever the historical source of this state of affairs, however, it is rapidly fading. A new generation of scholars, steeped in a variety of social scientific methodologies, has turned its sights on international law and is actively employing positive theories of state behavior to enhance legal analyses. These scholars have also begun to undertake empirical studies in an effort to provide support for their theoretical claims.