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Pangadereng in Pappaseng Nenek Mallomo As a Local Historical Marker in Sidrap Regency, South Sulawesi

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Pangadereng in Pappaseng Nenek Mallomo As a Local Historical Marker in Sidrap Regency, South Sulawesi REVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL GEOGRAPHICAL EDUCATION ISSN: 2146-0353 ● © RIGEO ● 11(3), SUMMER, 2021 www.rigeo.org Research Article Pangadereng in Pappaseng Nenek Mallomo as A Local Historical Marker in Sidrap Regency, South Sulawesi Muhammad Bahar Akase Teng1 Firman Saleh2 Hasanuddin University, Faculty of Cultural Science, Hasanuddin University, Faculty of Cultural Science, Department of History, Department of Local Language, [email protected] [email protected] Muhammad Hasyim3 3Hasanuddin University, Faculty of Cultural Science, Departement of Franch Literature, [email protected] 1Corresponding author: Hasanuddin University, Faculty of Cultural Science, Department of History, E-mail: [email protected] Abstract This study aims to analyze the term of philosophy of history, it is developed by utilizing secondary sources apart from primary sources in the form of data obtained from the informants in Sidrap Regency. The purpose of this research to find out that Nenek Mallomo is an honest and fair role model. Nenek Mallomo is known as a scholar, statesman, and king’s advisor whose thoughts became the concept known as pangadereng which then metamorphosed into a basic pattern of governance in Sidrap Regency. The second characteristic of lempu'E nasibawai tau’ (honesty coupled with devotion), Acca nasibawaii Ada tonging namatike (cleverness coupled with words truthfulness which is full of vigilance). Keywords Pappaseng, Nenek Mallomo, Local history, Pangadereng To cite this article: Teng M, B, A, Saleh F, and Hasyim M. (2021). Pangadereng in Pappaseng Nenek Mallomo as A Local Historical Marker in Sidrap Regency, South Sulawesi. Review of International Geographical Education (RIGEO), 11(3), 1169- 1175. Doi: 10.48047/rigeo.11.3.107 Submitted: 23-01-2021 ● Revised: 03-02-2021 ● Accepted: 15-03-2021 © RIGEO ● Review of International Geographical Education 11(3), SUMMER, 2021 Introduction La Pagala, known as Nenek Mallomo, was born and lived around the 16th century, becoming one of the famous scholars in Sidrap Regency. Some also say that her real name is La Makkarau, she lived during the reign of Arung La Patiroi addatuang Sidenreng. Another reference states that Nenek Mallomo was born before the king of La Pateddungi, Nenek Mallomo died in 1654 M. Mallomo is a title given to someone who can solve the problems at hand. Nenek in Bugis culture is someone who has grandchildren and is elderly, both women and men. It is still used, not merely in the past, even now some Bugis use the word nenek, both for women and for men. Nenek Mallomo has a tenet as well as a philosophy for herself Ade’ temmakeana’ temmakkiappo” which means “Law does not acknowledge children and grandchildren” Nenek Mallomo has an honest and fair character to all of her people, with this character she has the capacity of law and government. This indicates the side of consistency, honesty and justice, as well as she is one of the propagators of Islam in Sidrap Regency. The spread of Islam in Sidrap Regency, in 1609 AD to be precise, explained what parents said about pappaseng in the past, in line with Islamic doctrine, such as the researcher interviewing a parent, in his response stating: ”For a long time ago before Islam arrived in the inland Sidenreng, the word pappaseng and papangaja’ were commonly used. Pappaseng toriolo (our parents' message) contains a meaning, it was said that the pangaja already has Pappaseng, Pappaseng had already been ordered before it happens, meanwhile, Pappangaja will have new events advised, so there is a difference between message and advice. Our parents had already been ordered before it happened to the community. Humans have customs (panngadereng) so that they use their work, initiative, and business so that they can improve their culture. As Nenek Mallomo has the principle of lempu (honesty), and Adele (justice). She has set and law on the Government and its people (Bahri et al., 2020). Talking about philosophy, it is the oldest science. In the past, philosophy was said to be mater Scientiarum, meaning that philosophy as the mother of science saw from the above statement that philosophy was before science, because in my opinion philosophy is a thinking activity, so, at first, we will think to produce science. Philosophy also assesses what is considered "precise" and "correct" in the sciences and philosophy which also provides an assessment of the contribution of sciences to the development of human knowledge to achieve truth. Science depends on the philosophical system adopted before science has not been divided as in modern times, it has not been as specific as it is today, and the philosophical thoughts of the past, such as the example of one of the ancient Greek philosopher figures, Pythagoras, have summarized his thoughts in mathematics. In the early Greek civilization, philosophy was considered the mother of all existing knowledge. Until its current development, philosophy has made various sciences such as physics, biology, medical science, and others. Science is never far from philosophy; it always goes hand in hand concerning philosophy. As Bertrand Russel views: "A person does not have to become a better philosopher by knowing scientific facts that contain principles and methods, which he must learn from that science if he is interested in philosophy" (Hamsah et al., 2021). Philosophy is an extensive science that has certain circumstances that are more special than something, which means that it is very closely related to our everyday life. In the context of the philosophy of life, people always consider the things that are important and most important before deciding to behave. These things are classified as essential. Philosophy is a critical investigation of something abstract, imaginary, and statements proposed by various fields of science (Hasyim, 2017). History as science can fall or have a non-scientific nature about philosophy, therefore, history must be moralized and transformed into an abstract. The relationship between philosophy and history is interrelated, both substantially and scientifically, due to the existence of philosophy supported by history. History is closely related to historical facts. A historian's activity is in a series of collections, corrections, classifications, comparisons, interpretations and explanations of historical facts. Historical facts are not simply seen as what they appear to be, but try to understand the meaning and purpose contained in these facts (Hasyim, 2020). A history is an event that happened then, now, even in the future. Data and facts were observed and investigated unceasingly since ancient times. Humans are creatures who have reason to think. With reason, humans always want to know, which causes the emergence of the Philosophy of History. Mastury views that "Philosophy of History is a science that studies the meaning and purpose of historical processes, as well as studying theories of human development as social beings. Philosophy of History seeks deeper meaning and shakes its hand on the meaning which rules 1170 Teng M, B, A, Saleh F, and Hasyim M. (2021). Pangadereng in Pappaseng Nenek Mallomo as A Local … historical events. (Hasyim et al., 2021). Indonesian society is a pluralistic society, which has a variety of tribes, cultures and local traditions that have noble values, which are invaluable. The diversity of cultures and local traditions in Indonesia is a form of acculturation of religion, ethnicity and local culture. One of the strongest forms of local wisdom of the Bugis is their sirik culture. Sirik can be interpreted as “self-esteem” or “embarrassment”. This sirik value governs all forms of attitudes and behaviour of the Bugis community (Humaidi, 2010). Pappaseng Nene Mallomo represents many different things as previously explained. This representation can be seen as an effort to form or establish certain discourses following the context in which pappaseng was issued. Concerning text production, the position of Drs. Andi Burhanuddin Buraerah and Lontara La Towa occupy an important position as the creators of the sociocultural dimension texts which are found to be more or less focused on certain centrality discourse. Discourses contained in pappaseng Nene Mallomo focus on the theme of religion (Islam), local wisdom including images of the concept of being a good Bugis (Sidrap), emphasis on law obedience and maintaining social harmony in society (Ibrahim, 2018). It is interesting to study the value of pappaseng Nene Mallomo and its implementation in the community in Sidrap Regency. This study defines pappaseng by interpreting and understanding the ancestor, namely Nene Mallomo, as an icon of the Bugis community in Sidrap Regency. Pappaseng Nene Mallomo was found to be implemented in the daily life of the Bugis in Sidrap Regency as a guide and historical evidence in the form of philosophy. Methodology This paper, which focuses on an analysis of the term Local Philosophy of History, developed by utilizing more secondary sources apart from primary sources in the form of data obtained from informants in Sidrap Regency (Legowo et al., 2013). Research in the field of philosophy is based on the inventive style, which is a style of looking for new understandings of the thinking framework that has been collected and trying to provide solutions for problems that have not been resolved (Maknun et al., 2020). This research was a descriptive study aimed to describe the local wisdom in Pappaseng nenek Mallomo. Sources of data in this study were texts (manuscripts) that contain pappaseng Nene Mallomo. In addition, the data sources in this study were also obtained from respondent interviews to find out the meaning and implementation of pappaseng Nene Mallomo. To obtain data, data collection techniques used, namely: observation, interviews and documentation (Nurhaeda, 2018). The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis (Supratman, 2019) from the beginning to the end of the study using the critical discourse analysis framework, Fairclough model. Discussion Local Philosophy of History Philosophy of History focuses on the meaning and purpose of the historical process, and studies theories about human development as social beings.
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