RICHMOND CONSERVATION STUDY
VOLUME 1 I CITY OF RICHMOND Town Hall, Bridge Road, Richmond 3121 I Ausdoc DX30205 Richmond Telephone: 420 9600 I Facsimile: 429 3677
Your Ref: I Our Ref: I Refer: THE RICHMOND URBAN CONSERVATION STUDY I The completion of this Conservation Study hereby represents a significant milestone for Richmond. I commend it to you and endorse its recommendations in principle. I I use the term "in principle" because the Conservation Study is just one part of an overall strategy plan being proposed for Richmond. This means that conservation controls will be I considered in the wider context of other matters just as economic development, housing, traffic management and the like. There will inevitably be conflicting objectives and these must be reconciled by Council, in due course, after extensive public I consultation. It seems that controls over the preservation of our built heritage I are almost always "too late", no matter when they are introduced. Nevertheless, I believe we have done the best job within the available resources and that the release of the Study is timely, given the increasing pressure for large scale redevelopment that I Richmond is experiencing. Council is grateful to the National Estates Committee, the I Historic Buildings Council and the Melbourne and Metropolitan Board of Works in providing funding for the Study. Undoubtedly credit is due to the consultants who have done a superb job and to our I Urban Conservation Advisory Committee for guidance and overall direction. I look forward to the implementation of the Study and its impact I on Richmond. I I COMMISSIONER A. G. GILLON, O.B.E.. J.P. I I I I I • RICHMOND CONSERVATION | STUDY
UNDERTAKEN FOR THE CITY OF RICHMOND, THE AUSTRALIAN HERITAGE COMMISSION, ( AND THE MINISTRY FOR PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENT. I I
VOLUME 1 INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND HISTORY I RECOMMENDATIONS GUIDELINES I APPENDICES I I BY JOHN & THURLEY O'CONNOR, ARCHITECTS, I 10 SEFTON PLACE, CAMBERWELL m AND • ROS COLEMAN & HEATHER WRIGHT, ARCHITECTS, 14 AILSA GROVE, IVANHOE.
I JANUARY, 1985 I I f I I I CONTENTS I I I VOLUME I PAGE
I 1.0 INTRODUCTION . I Background of Study 2 .2 The Study Area 2 I 2 .3 The Study Period .4 Statement of Objectives 3 I .5 Study Approach 3 .6 Current Assessments 4 .7 Acknowledgements 8 I 2.0 BACKGROUND HISTORY I 3.0 RECOMMENDATIONS 29 3.1 General Recommendations 29 3.2 Grading of Buildings and Streetscapes 30 3.3 Recommended Conservation Areas 32 I 32 3.4 Recommended Buildings 3.5 Recommended Conservation Controls 47 I 3.6 Recommended Conservation Controls Summary 51 4.0 GUIDELINES 52 I 4.1 Introduction 52 4.2 Building Periods & Styles in Richmond 53 4.3 Restoration Guidelines 65 4.4 Addition Guidelines 69 I 4.5 New Building Guidelines 74 4.6 Specific Guidelines 78 1 4.7 Restoration Bibliography 134 5.0 APPENDICES 136 I 5.1 Authorities involved in conservation controls 137 over buildings and areas 5.2 Graphic Documentation Sources 140 I 5.3 Bibliography 146 I I I RICHMOND CONSERVATION STUDY
BOUNDARY OF RICHMOND CONSERVATION STUDY (Municipal Boundaries)
Fig.. 1.1 Boundary of Study Area I I i.o INTRODUCTION I 1-1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY i This study was commissioned by the City of Richmond and the Australian Heritage Commission and has been jointly funded by the Victorian National Estate Committee, the City of Richmond the § Historic Buildings Council and the Melbourne and Metropolitan Board of Works. 1.2 THE STUDY AREA i The study area is the whole of the City of Richmond. See Fig. 1.1. t 1.3 STUDY PERIOD This study covers the period from the first land sales in Richmond in 1839 up to the Second World War in 1939. This cut-off date was selected because of a widespread change in fashion and the consequent i change in the way buildings looked. This is particularly evident not only in new buildings but in the wholesale defacement of older buildings in an attempt to 'modernise' or 'improve' their appearance i (Rg. 1.2). i i i i i i i i i Fig. 1.2 Fig. 1.3 The post war period also coincided with a rising demand for flats and cars which dramatically altered the type and character of new i development (Rg. 1.3). i 3. 1 I 1.4 STATEMENT OF OBJECTIVES The purpose of the study is, firstly, to provide essential • identification, evaluation and research as a basis for recommendations to be incorporated in a planning scheme; and ^ secondly to establish guidelines both for general use and to • assist in the implementation of the recommended planning provisions. The Brief outlined five major requirements: I
1. To prepare a background history of Richmond with B emphasis on the built form. • 2. To identify and evaluate the buildings, works, objects, streetscapes and areas of historic or architectural 4ft interest within the study area. £ 3. To recommend the appropriate means of protecting the m historic character of the study area including specific M recommendations for the Historic Building Register, the ™ Register of the National Estate and under the Third — Schedule of the Town and Country Planning Act. • 4. To develop guidelines for the conservation and enhancement of the identified areas, buildings, works to and objects for use by planning staff and also for use • as part of an education programme to encourage the conservation of Richmond's , historic buildings and — areas. • 5. To frame the material in the report in such a way that it may be readily incorporated into any planning scheme formulated by the City of Richmond. I 1.5 STUDY APPROACH Every accessible building in the study area has been • evaluated from the street including all building types such as houses, shops, offices and factories. Gardens, parks, tt fences, etc. have been similarly assessed. ft Each contributory building, that is, each building of ^ architectural and historic merit which contributes to the I character of Richmond, has had an identification sheet * prepared for it including a photograph, a grading, a description, a list of significant features, an integrity • rating, specific guidelines for restoration and in some cases V special comments and historic research. Five thousand buildings have been identified as contributory from a total to of approximately ten thousand rateable units. • The grading system adopted by the Melbourne City Council has — been used in the assessment process to maintain a relativity • and consistency between this study and other conservation m studies carried out in Melbourne's inner suburbs. See section 3.2 for a description of the grading system. 1 I I A, B and C building identification sheets have been included in this study in Volumes 2 and 3. Assessment Sheets for D buildings are held I at the Council offices and can be inspected at the Town Planning Department. I Areas of significance have also been identified and summaries of these are included in Section 6, Volume 2. I 1.6 CURRENT ASSESSMENTS See Appendix 5.1 for an explanation of the roles of the different I organizations and registers listed under this heading. 1.6.1 THE MELBOURNE METROPOLITAN PLANNING SCHEME. I The Vaucluse Area (fig. 1.4) is already included under Amendment 224 as an Urban Conservation Area and has existing conservation controls over demolition, external alterations, external decorations and the t construction of new buildings and works. f I I I i I I I I I I FiS. 1.4 The Vaucluse Urban Conservation Area under existing MMBW, I Planning Scheme. I 5. I 1.6.2 THE HISTORIC BUILDINGS REGISTER currently includes only one building in Richmond. (Fig. 1.5). 1 1 I I I f I Fig. 1.5 Former Lalor House (211), 293 Church Street. I 1.6.3 THE GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS REGISTER currently includes the Richmond North Primary School (Fig. 1.6). I I I I I I I I Fig. 1.6 Richmond North Primary School, Davison Street. I I I 1.6.4. THE NATIONAL ESTATE REGISTER includes the following 15 buildings I in Richmond. BOUEN ST. JAHES ST. 7 Residence R/01/03 13, 15 semi-detached residences R/01/01 I 14 Residence R/01/02 (fig. 1.7) CHURCH ST. 283 former Richmond Free Dispensary R/01/04 (demolished) LENNOX ST. 293 former Lalor Residence R/01/12 221 Orwell Cottage R/01/10 I 300 former Wesleyan Methodist Parsonage R/01/08 (2) UNION ST. former Wesleyan Methodist Schoolhouse R/01/08 (3) 12 Residence R/01/05 former Wesleyan Methodist Schoolhouse R/01/09 (4) former Wesleyan Methodist Chapel R/01/08 (1) UALTHAH ST. I St. Ignatius' Church R/01/11 10 former Bedgood's Shoe Factory 360 St. Stephen's Church R/01/09 R/01/06 12-24 Terrace houses R/0/07 I The Vaucluse Urban Conservation area is also on the Register of the I National Estate. f I I 1 I
I Fig. 1.7 14 James Street. 1.6.5. THE NATIONAL TRUST OF AUSTRALIA (VIC) has the following 31 buildings i classified (C) or Recorded (R) in Richmond. BERRY ST. ELM GR. STANLEY ST. i 18 Residence R3256 3 Residence R2398 60* R 4006 BOUEN ST. ERIN ST. SUAN ST. 7 Residence C3687 18 Glen Nevis R517 250, 252 Shops R2158 240 M. Ball & Co. R1750 i BRIDGE RD. GLEADELL ST. 1 former Cable Tram Engine 1 R 3996 UNION ST. House R3892 12 Residence C3273 JAHES ST. 231 National Bank R52 i 13, 15 Semi-Detached THE VAUCLUSE 649 former Cable Tram Depot C4138 Residences C3690 10 The Tower R519 BURNLEY ST. 14 Residence C3688 12, 14 Brinsley Place 144 Residence R13488 C3997 i LENNOX ST. CHURCH ST. 221 Orwell Cottage C1529 UALTHAH PLACE 293 former Lalor House C1093 229 R 4003 10 former Bedgood's Shoe 494 Richmond UFS Dispensary R22923 Factory C3254 i LESNEY ST. 300 former Wesleyan Parsonage C2891 12-24 Terrace Houses C3255 36 Residence C4966 316 Hibernian Society Hall R518 t St. Ignatius'c. 2025 ROTHERUDOD ST. 360 St. Stephens C. of E. C2155 7 Residence R4009 360 Walker Organ C2155 SHERUOOD ST. i DOCKER ST. 3 R 2503 37 Howlands R4005 7.
Fig. 1.8 36 Lesney Street
THE NATIONAL TRUST has also designated an Urban Conservation area on the Northern Side of Richmond Hill. (fig. 1.9)
Fig. 1.9 Berry Street, Hodgson Terrace, Waltham Place and Church Street. NATIONAL TRUST URBAN CONSERVATION AREA I I I 1.7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The following people and organizations were consulted and I provided assistance in the compiling of this study: ^ Bridget Everett, 50 Jessie St., Richmond. • ">• National Trust of Australia (Vic.) • Richmond and Burnley Historical Society Burnley Horticultural College. • State Library of Victoria. University of Melbourne, Faculty of Architecture. m Nigel Lewis & Associates. f Carringbush Library f I I I I I I I I t I I I 2.0 BACKGROUND HISTORY
• In 1839, two years after the first land sales in the township reserve of Melbourne, Crown allotments were auctioned in Richmond, • Fitzroy and Collingwood.1 These allotments were, judging by their size, intended for development as farmlets (fig. 2.1). East Melbourne, on the other hand, was part of the Melbourne township reserve and its Crown I allotments were consequently small. However, it seems that many of the purchases in Richmond were made I for speculative purposes, because within weeks some of the allotments were subdivided and advertised for sale in the Port Phillip Patriot.2 The first to appear was William Wilton's Crown allotment 46 which was to be sold in one or more acre lots. In I 1840 at a subdivision sale of Dr. Farquhar McCrae's allotment 24 the auctioneer described Richmond as "...the abode of aristocracy, wealthy and retired opulence..." and 36 half acre blocks were I sold. The average price which, five months earlier, wasJE 24/acre, exceeded £ 200/acre.3 I It is recorded in E.M. Curr's 'Recollection of Squatting in Victoria1 that speculation was a common practice: "Another thing which struck the stranger in f connection with business matters was how few persons seemed to have any idea of retaining permanently any property purchased, as it was I no sooner acquired than the new owner seemed to set himself to calculate what it would fetch when put more advantageously on the market and I sold at the expiration of a week or two. This seemed to be specifically the case as regarded town allotments, and people were always arguing that the value of that commodity increased in I proportion to its subdivision and hence buying large lots, subdividing and reselling was I constantly going on." 4
I 1. Port Phillip Gazette, 3rd Aug. 1839. 2. Port Phillip Patriot, 16th Sept. 1839. I 3. 'Garryowen', The Chronicles of Early Melbourne, Melbourne 1888, p.24. I 4. Curr, E.M. Recollections of Squatting in Victoria, Melbourne, 1883, p.14. I I I 10. I 1 In 1841 there was a slump in wool prices and a cessation of m overseas investment. The Port Phillip district which was by now * extensively occupied by pastoralists suffered a serious economic depression. Subdivisions on the Richmond flats were advertised in • 1842 as "...well deserving public attention among the working m class". A situation possibly attributed to the depression and consequent lack of interest from speculators, and also the fact fe that bounty immigrants now comprised the majority of Melbourne's | inhabitants.6 Also by 1842, J.J. Peers' had established a quality brickworks? probably on Crown allotment 22 or 23 as many « clay pits are shown there on the 1855 Municipal Map by John Steel • MageeManpp . ™ By the mid 1840's the depression had ended and resumption of the Immigration Act resulted in a new influx of workers. The sale of Crown allotments recommenced in Richmond in 1845 and by 1851 a t further fifteen allotments were sold. Reserves were also created A for police purposes (Crown allotments 13-15), and for churches, I recreation, produce market, schools and a mechanics' institute (Crown allotment 35). Thirty-one quarry sites were set aside on ^ Crown allotments 9 to 15 where they abutted the river. 8 The only I other clay pits shown are at 'Yarraberg' which David Mitchell ^ operated. Richmond's population in 1846 was 4029. At this time, Fitzroy Ip and Collingwood were being rapidly subdivided, St. Kilda and Port Melbourne were fashionable picnic spots and Williamstown a busy • port. The village at Brighton was the leading pleasure resort, • and Heidelberg a prosperous farming community.10 East Melbourne was little built upon until after 1848 when Bishop Perry chose a ^ site there for the Anglican Bishop's Palace. This gave an impetus • to building and the area went ahead as a select and convenient one • in which to live. -1-1 In 1852 North Melbourne, St. Kilda, South Melbourne, Port | Melbourne, Essendon, Remington, Carl ton and Hawthorn were laid
5. Port Phillip Patriot, 7th February, 1842. • 1^1 6. Port Phillip Gazette, 3rd August, 1842.
7. Grant and Herle, The Melbourne Scene, p.10. jy
8. Surveyor General's Office, 1853 Plan of Quarry Allotments. ^
9. Labilliere, Early History of Victoria. ~
10. Grant & Serle, op. cit. p.13. ft
11. Casey, Maie, Early Melbourne Architecture, p.117. t 1 11. I 1 Melbourne's population had trebled by 1853 with people returning from the goldfields, while in Richmond major subdivisions had occurred in the north and west (fig. 2.3). Within the next four f years, men who established their suburban villas on the Richmond hills included senior Government officials, Alexander McCrae and William Hull; newspaper proprietors Thomas Strode, George Cavenagh I and George Arden; merchants Patrick Welsh, David Stodart Campbell and Alfred Woolley; and the bankers William Highett and John Gardiner. Their "...comfortable, if not architecturally stylish I villas began to dot the place".12 On the river flats one of the earliest establishments was the large villa and gardens of colonial architect, Henry Ginn, who I purchased his Crown allotment in 1846. This property was sold to James Ellis in 1853 and became the Cremorne Gardens amusement park. It was purchased by actors and entrepreneurs, Brooke & I Coppin, in 1856. The gardens were based on contemporary English amusement parks set in landscaped grounds, (figs. 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7). A steam boat service carried patrons up the river from I Melbourne. In 1863 the gardens were sold and adapted for use as a private lunatic asylum until 1884 when the area was purchased and subdivided by Thomas Bent. I Richmond was created a separate municipality in 1855. The survey maps of Magee13 and Kearney 1/fshow that at this time many of the existing streets had been laid out but that almost all buildings, t with the exception of those in the 'Yarraberg' area to the north- east, were concentrated in the western half of Richmond (fig. 2.8) - large suburban villas and gardens on the hill, and cottages on small blocks in the north and south, often in areas of relatively I intense development isolated to individual streets. An illustration by S.T. Gill indicates the density of development on the south side of Richmond hill in 1857 (fig. 2.9). The factors I influencing the location of the earliest development appear to have been a preference for high ground and a position on I government roads, especially at cross roads. Richmond's population in 1857 was 9,029 with 2,161 houses and five architects, 15 The electors' roll for 1856-7 indicates an established retail and service trade in Swan Street and Bridge I Road - butchers, drapers, shoemakers, hotels, fruiterers, tailers, hairdressers, grocers and blacksmiths. I I 12. 'Garryowen', op. cit. p.24. 13. Municipal Map, drawn by John Steel Magee, 1855. I 14. Lands Dept. map surveyed by James Kearney, 1855. 15. Lewis, Nigel Development of Richmond into an Urban Area I and Social Structure. I I 12. I 1 With separation from Melbourne, Richmond, along with Collingwood, became exempt from the Melbourne Building Act of 1841 which ft controlled building and subdivision standards. Developers were g| free to plan streets, reduce frontages and build what they liked. Closer development of Richmond was also encouraged by the railway ^ which was extended from Melbourne by 1859, and by horse drawn I omnibuses which connected Richmond with Melbourne along Bridge ™ Road. The 'Richmond Guardian' reported in 1859 that, "Richmond is not m like other metropolitan offshoots - a business place - but a residential one. Many old inhabitants of the Colony are located • in it. Business men and clerks seek the quietude of its shelter £ after the bustle and fatigue of the day. An intelligent, independent body of working men have pitched their residences in ^ it...". However, besides the claypits and associated brickworks • already mentioned, one industry which was operating in Richmond at ^P this time was Egan's steam saw mill on the corner of Church Street and Bridge Road (fig. 2.10). ft Melbourne's population in 1861 was 37,000 (including Carlton and East Melbourne); Richmond, Collingwood and Fitzroy each had about If 12,000, Prahran 10,000, South Melbourne 9,000, North Melbourne • 7,000 and St. Kilda 6,000.16 Fig. 2.11 shows the development along Punt Road c.1860, while fig. 2.12 indicates how little ^ developed south-east Richmond was in 1869. Unemployment was a • major issue during the 1860's and in 1862 the Richmond Council P sought the repeal of the Yarra Pollution Prevention Act of 1855 (which forbade fellmongeries, starch and glue factories, and ft boiling down works discharging waste into the riverA so that the m river frontages could be opened to manufacturing.™ By 1865 a quarry, stone crushing mill, fellmongery and abattoir had been * established on the river flats in Burnley (fig. 2.13), and by the • 1870's a panoramic view of Richmond carried the caption 'Industry in Arcady1 (fig. 2.14). ^ As with Melbourne and its other suburbs, the most active period of ™ development in Richmond was in the 1870's and 1880's. The eastern half of the town was partly subdivided by 1874 (fig. 2.15) and by ft 1888 most subdivision patterns were complete, the major exception £ being Cole's paddock on Victoria Street (fig. 2.16). I 16. Grant & Serle op. cit. p.77. _ 17. Richmond Australian, 6th December, 1862, 13th December, 18862. W 18. Springall, R.C. Analysis of Richmond's Changangee fromm a It Residential to an Industriial Environment ft during the Nineteenth Century, p.39 I I I 13 I Richmond was proclaimed a town in 1872 and a city in 1882. Its population in 1880 was 23,395 and in 1890 it was 38,797. The I ratebooks list 52 industrial establishments in 1880: 6 Tanneries 3 Wool scouring Plants I 5 Breweries 1 Stone-crushing Plant 2 Coach Builders 1 Cordial Works 4 Quarries 1 Mattress-maker I 4 Timber-yards 1 Eucalyptus Distillery and 3 Malthouses Laboratory 2 Boot Factories 1 Shirt Factory 2 Piano Manufacturers 1 Clothing Factory I 2 Fellmongeries 1 Paperbag Factory 1 Perambulator, Invalid 1 Mill Chair Maker 1 Glass Works I 1 Glue Factory 1 Hat Factory 1 Pottery Works 1 Abattoirs 1 Leather Works 1 Windsor Chair Maker I 1 Organ Builder 1 Rope Factory 1 Churn/Trunk Maker During the 1880's exorbitant rents and property prices in I Melbourne encouraged shopkeepers to set up business in suburbs 1 ike Richmond: I "Of late I have heard many serious misgivings expressed by sagacious and far-seeing financiers as to the permanence of the inflated value of city property. For the rise has I necessitated the demand for higher rents, and these have reached such a maximum in some localities as to render it impossible for tenants to pay them; and the result is a migration of shopkeepers to the suburbs. Formerly their I customers would not have followed them; but since the construction of the tramways this has ceased to be the case; and people flock to Carlton, Fitzroy, Collingwood and I Richmond or anywhere else if they can purchase goods there at a reduction on Melbourne prices...".^ 1 The majority of the existing shops in Swan Street and Bridge Road date from this period. The depression of 1891 caused development to virtually cease until 1 the turn of the century and Federation. Fig. 2.17 records the number of dwellings, their construction materials and sizes between 1857 and 1891. A comparative study of dwelling sizes and I construction materials for Richmond, Collingwood and Fitzroy between 1857 and 1891 shows that whilst Richmond had a low proportion of brick housing, comparable with Collingwood, it was generally more comparable with Fitzroy with respect to house size I with a low percentage of one and two roomed dwellings compared with Collingwood (figs. 2.18, 2.19). On this basis Richmond does not appear to have been as humble an area as Collingwood.20 it is 1 surprising that no prefabricated iron houses seem to have survived in Richmond. The 1855 Magee map shows a number of iron houses I particularly in Westbank Terrace. Apart from the prefabricated I 19. Table Talk, 29th June, 1885 20. Lewis, Nigel. Development of Richmond into an Urban Area and I Social Structure p.20. I
buildings of the earliest settlers, large numbers were imported at • the time of the gold rush, not only of iron but of timber, zinc and other materials. In fact Victoria in the 1850's was the ^ biggest market for prefabrication the world has ever seen.21 it is • also surprising to note the numerous villas with extensive gardens ™ shown on the 1890's M.M.B.W. maps of Richmond. Most of these houses had disappeared by World War 2. The maps also show B extensive bluestone quarries in the area bounded by Barkly Avenue, ^ Mary Street and the river. Houses constructed between Federation and World War One make up a • substantial proportion of Richmond's building stock particularly in the eastern half of the city. Cole's paddock was subdivided by ^ this time (fig. 2.20). Encouraged by high tariff protection, new • factories and stores were also being established, most notably * Bryant & May, Werthheim's piano factory, Dimmey's Model Store, Ruwolt, Rosella, Moore Paragon and Mayall's tannery. By 1919 • there were nine tanneries. 0 When building activity resumed, after World War One, the factories m of Pelaco and Ajax Fasteners were established. The newly formed • Housing Commission of Victoria constructed a housing estate on the old racecourse in 1941 (first stage) based on the English 'garden ^ city1 concept, while Epworth and Bethesda hospitals engulfed the I mansions of William Highett and Mrs. Robert Hoddle respectively. W Richmond's population peaked at 43,353 in 1921. After World War Two building activity concentrated on flats, often | high rise, and again on factories. Also the ninetenth century building stock lost much of its integrity as alterations were made to in the name of modernisation. A During the 1980's large scale industrial demand has rapidly ^ receded in Richmond and many factories are themselves subject to • adaption or redevelopment. At the time Richmond is again becoming w a desirable residential area. 1 I I I
21. Historic Environment Vol. 4, No. 1, 1984, pp. 3, 4. fl I I i 15
I of tfie, proposed J$aiLnda.rift 1
I County, ef J}oit,*~Jce I I
. . «. *. J I : uq*awii^«i» ^«m DUNMU Ik XM< 3tv-tr c- X tn o ft. A—! • t ti. !; •» i* i» I a. I I I r r «. we>*^s%si6i^ ^^o^e,
I Fig . 2.1 Richmond Crown Allotments. I 1 I I I I I I Fig. 2.2 Sequence of Sale of Crown Allotments in Richmond. TOGETHER- VW_TH^s j ^ ^ — COLLINGWjWD^RICHMQND,^ f/~^m
:<*7<- tftr ffofframcnt flans and. fnraLe Surrey
Fig. 2.3 Green's 1853 Map. 17
Fig. 2.4 Plan of Cremorne Gardens. Detail from the 1855 Magee Map
Fig. 2.5 View of Cremorne Gardens from the South, c 1855,with the former house of Henry Ginn to the left (demolished). Fig. 2.6 Cremorne Gardens from the South, c. 1860
Fig. 2.7 Band Stand and Dance Floor, Cremorne Gardens, c 1860 (demolished). aaiiew UKUJ. paAuap se *(paip}ei| uwoqs) gggl /"q Buiptina J.o 8'Z ''
XXX 003 009 QCff OOZ 20 1 I I I I I I I i Pig. 2.9 Richmond from the South West 1857, illustration by S.T. Gill. i i i f SAW'S §T!A8ft SAW CHURCH STREET A. BRIDGE ROAD, RICHMOND. adi>crti i andB i
getter i
• •:,'.... M..ui.|:n--. Ijiiu-. State*, Lathi, Doom, At i I;. .!:•,. Matuiiil- i'ii hand. Timlxr cot to utf dm, I! .M.-:.. >bii-n..N iMivcml free withlu the tii at i i i «.^^»..^ o^ al i Fig. 2.10 Egan's Steam Saw Mill, corner of Church Street and Bridge Road,1859. i i 21 I I I I I I I I I Fig. 2.11 Punt Road in flood, looking to the south- I east, c 1860. I I I I I i I I
2.12 View of South-East Richmond from the I Town Hall Tower, c 1870. I 22 I I I I I I I I I
Fig, 2.13 Abattoir, Fellmongery, Stone breaking Mill I and Quarry in Burnley, 1865. I I I I I I I I
Fig. 2.14 'Yarraberg1 River Street, looking to the south- I west, 1870's. I I 23
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Fig, 2.15 Whitehead's 1874 Map. Allen and Tuxen's 1888 Map. Fig-2.17 Richmond Dwelling Numbers and Sizes and Construction Materials, 1857 - 1891. IV) 26
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Fig. 2.18 Comparison of Brick Dwellings, 1857 -1891, 27 I I I I I I I I I I I I \ I \ I s- I I I I I Fig. 2.19 Comparison of One and Two Room Dwell ings,1857 - 1891, I oo 1 •***• »- si VICTORIA PI.' 1 "* 1 1 CURIKA STI > 1 1 ZZHBEBSSEC 31 m r ' n ! 1 L ST BAKER JL. -OL. 1 1 ** ^ + r /• ; i III ^I»VILI- 31 3 z f IOARFIELD ST P. / n LINCOLN ST M 1 1 £ IF 10 ' ' / , * LAITV i. gr « / 3 i fc. ' • gU.
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1n ? » • anipcc MAPIIR LAN! t in l-Jlf j il kj _,H r1"*'^y V
SH1RWOOO SJ J' B
™5EE 3E
DARUMCTON P*K
BHOUOHACT VAUCLUSE F 11—"~* r • I I MALLESON
Fig. 2.20 Untitled Map c 1921. 29. I | 3.0 RECOMMENDATIONS I
I 3.1 GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS The following action is recommended to protect the historic I character of Richmond: 1. Submit the identified Conservation Areas for inclusion under appropriate olanning controls under the Melbourne Metropolitan Planning I Scheme. 2. Apply to the Historic Buildings Council to add those buildings recommended for inclusion on the Historic Buildings I Register, (A grade). 3. Designate those buildings outside Conservation Areas identified as important (A, B & C grade) under the provisions I of Clause 8 of the Town and Country Planning Act (Third Schedule). The Melbourne Metropolitan Planning Scheme is I currently being amended to provide for this situation. 4. Apply to the Australian Heritage Commission to add those buildings recommended for inclusion on the Register of the I National Estate, (B grade). 5. General planning measures such as those determining height limits and densities should be revised to encourage the I re-use and adaption of existing buildings in preference to demolition, and to ensure consideration of context in the I design of new buildings in Richmond. 6. Utilise and make the Guideline Section available to building occupants and owners within the study area. The Council may consider it appropriate to duplicate and distribute I copies of the Guidelines to raise public awareness of Richmond's particular qualities. I 7. A range of different approaches to additions and new buildings are described in the Guidelines but these should not be applied inflexibly. Each project ideally should be I be considered on its own merits. To this end it is recommended that the Council consider the benefits of an architectural advisory service. This service has been successfully adopted by several cities and shires I including: Ballaarat, Mai don, Portland, Queenscliff, Port Fairy, Clunes, Buninyong, Talbot, Beechworth, I Chiltern and Yackandandah. I I I 30 I
3.2 GRADING OF BUILDINGS AND STREETSCAPES I 3.2.1 Within the City of Richmond each building of historic or architectural significance has been graded according to its I importance. Streetscapes, that is, significant groups of buildings along a street frontage, have also been graded for planning control purposes. The individual buildings are graded A to E, the streetscapes from Level 1 to Level 3, both in I descending order of significance. 'A1 BUILDINGS are of national or State importance and are I irreplacable parts of Australia's building heritage. These buildings are on, or are recommended for inclusion on, the Historic Buildings Register, and I the Register of the National Estate. 'B1 BUILDINGS are of regional or metropolitan significance and stand as important milestones in the architectural I development of a region. Many are already, or are recommended for inclusion, on the Register of the National Estate. I 'C' BUILDINGS make an architectural and historic contribution that is important within the local area. This I includes well preserved examples of particular styles, as well as some individually significant buildings which have been altered or defaced. I 'D' BUILDINGS are either reasonably intact representatives of particular periods or styles, or they have been substantially altered but form part of a terrace I group which retains much of its original character. I 'E1 BUILDINGS have generally been substantially altered. Because of this they are not considered to make an essential contribution to the character of the area, although retention and restoration may still I be beneficial. LEVEL 1 STREETSCAPES have a statewide significance, and define I an important collection of buildings, generally from a similar period or representing a similar style. I LEVEL 2 SCREETSCAPES have a regional or local significance because the character and scale of a particular period or style still predominates, even though I there may be some gaps, and in some cases the buildings may have a relatively low significance individually. I LEVEL 3 STREETSCAPES provide a setting for significant buildings or complement level 1 and 2 streetscapes. All streets within a conservation area are level 3 I streetscapes except for those designated as level 1 or 2. I I 31
3.2.2 SELECTION CRITERIA USED FOR THE GRADING OF BUILDINGS. Grading has been based on an assessment of historic and architectural significance in terms of the following criteria: CRITERIA FOR HISTORIC SIGNIFICANCE OF A BUILDING one of the earliest buildings in the area. one of the first or the earliest surviving buildings of its type. still retains its original use (e.g. boarding house, real estate agency). has interesting connections with historical events or important people. Any of these items adds to the merit of a building and serves to increase the appreciation and understanding of a building's history and importance. CRITERIA FOR ARCHITECTURAL SIGNIFICANCE OF A BUILDING, a rare example of a period or style, an unusually intact example of a period or style, a notable example of a period or style, the work of a notable architect. a notable or unusual example of craftsmanship or decoration. 3.2.3 SELECTION CRITERIA FOR GRADING OF STREETSCAPES. Again, grading is based on an assessment or historic and architectural significance, together with an overall assessment of area character. CRITERIA FOR HISTORIC SIGNIFICANCE OF STREETSCAPES. Ascertained after research, an assessment of the original subdivisions may indicate the layout is of particular importance. The dates of early land sales and the resultant periods of building activity may identify a concentration of buildings representing a particular era. A group of buildings may be associated with particular events or functions which adds some importance to their existence. Groups of buildings of architectural similarity, perhaps composed of a specific style (e.g. consistent Edwardian style buildings) which read as a coherent whole. 32. I
CRITERIA FOR ARCHITECTURAL SIGNIFICANCE OF STREETSCAPES (CONT'D) I Similar buildings of consistent height and scale forming a recognisable group, (e.g. a group of double I storey shops with repetitive window openings, shop- fronts and facade elements). . Groups of buildings of architectural diversity which W display a variety of styles and/or building materials. Each building has its own architectural merit. The total appearance is one of variety, however the buildings appear as a group. I CRITERIA FOR ASSESSMENT OF THE CHARACTER OF A STREETSCAPE. I Street trees or planting dating from the same period or which aree typictypicaal of the period of identified buildings B in the streetscape. Contributory street materials such as bluestone kerb and channels. I Topographical features such as Richmond HilVwhich ^ have affected the development of an area or which enhance • the environmental quality of an area. * Vistas which are enhanced by towers, church spires or H other prominent buildings. • 3.3 RECOMMENDED CONSERVATION AREAS £ See fig. 3.1 for the summary of recommended Conservation Areas. These areas are described in detail in Section 6.0. ^ 3.4 RECOMMENDED BUILDINGS • Based on the grading system described in Section 3.2 the results were as follows: Grade Number of Buildings A I B C D I I I I I I RICHMOND CONSERVATION STUDY RECOMMENDED CONSERVATION AREAS 1 RICHMOND HILL 2 WEST RICHMOND 3 BRIDGE ROAD U SWAN STREET 5 ELM GROVE 6 MALLESON STREET 7 BARKLY GARDENS 8 GOLDEN SQUARE 9 RICHMOND RIVERBANK (Urban Conservation Area type 2)
GO 200 400 600 800 1000 M OJ
Fig. 3.1 Recommended Conservation Areas. 34. I 3.4.1 A BUILDING INDEX
BRIDGE RD. HOODLE ST. I 1 former Cable Tram Engine House 171 "Urbrae" 649 (facade) former Cable Tram Depot LENNOX ST. I 207 Brick Villa CHURCH ST. St. Ignatius Church LESNEY ST. 360 St. Stephens Church 36 Timber Villa I 293 former Lalor House 560 Bryant & May Factory ODDY'S LANE former Melbourne Electric Supply Co. I DAVISON ST. Richmond North Primary School SUAN ST. 92 former South Richmond Post Office and I ELM GROVE Telegraph Office 3 Three Storey Brick Residence UNION ST. 12 Bluestone Residence I ERIN ST. 15 Brick Villa UALTHAH ST. 29 "Elim" 42 (rear) Stucco Villa I
3.4.2 B BUILDING INDEX I
BENDIGO ST. BURNLEY ST. ELM GROVE GTV9 former Wertheim 377 A.N.Z. Bank 17 Brick Residence I Piano Factory 19 Stucco Residence CHURCH ST. BOSISTO ST. St. Ignatius' Presbytery ERIN ST. 6 Bluestone Residence St. Ignatius' School 18 "Glen Nevis" I 294 Richmond U.F.S. 25 -i "Mossgiel" (27) BRIDGE RD. Dispensary 27 -I Terrace House Pair 108 -i 300 former Wesleyan Chapel 49 Stucco Residence I 110 Brick Shops " " Parsonage 67 Stucco Residence 112 J School House (1853) GIPPS ST. 138 -i I " School House Richmond Drill Hall 140 "Wustermann's 316 Hibernian Hall 29 former Warehouse 142 Buildings" 339 Brick Villa 144 J 264 Stucco Villa GLEADELL ST. I former State 184 377 "Helenville" former Gas Inspector's Savings Bank 384 former Residence A Surgery Cottage 201 1 454 203 I J Brick Shops Brick Shops 456 GRATTAN PL. 205 6 Weatherboard Cottage 207 -J CLIFTON ST. National Bank of I 231 29 Brick Residence JAMES ST. Australiasia 13 "T Bluestone 294 -j "Theobalds CUBITT ST. 15 J Residences 296 -J Buildings" 16 Stucco & Bluestone I I Brick Cottages 14 18 Residence 381 -, 383 LENNOX ST. DOCKER ST. 385 Stucco Shops 173 former Livery Stables I 37 "Howlands" 387 182 "Rehilla" 389 J 195 Stucco Residence 221 "Orwell Cottage" I HULL ST. 3 "Roeberry House" I 35.
I MILLER ST. UNION ST. WELLINGTON ST. 2 "Avalon" Two Storey former Sutherland's Timber Residence Distillery, Cnr. Blanche mI MOORHOUSE ST. Street. 2 -i THE VAUCLUSE TEITQCG former Freemasons 4 F.C.J. Convent Chapel Houses Hotel 6 - F.C.J. Convent Gatehouse 1I 15 Stucco Residence F.C.J. Convent Infirmary ... PORTLAND ST. formerly "Eurolie" former 'Robert F.C.J. Catholic School 1I Russell ' Residence F.C.J. Convent 10 Residence with Tower PUNT RD. I 329 - 1 Brinsley Place 331 333 "Shakespeare VICTORIA ST. 488 Brick Factory I 337 Terra°e" 339 UALTHAM PL. 341 1I 343 . former Bedggood's Shoe Factory RICHMOND TERRACE 12 -, St. Stephen's Hall 14 57 Stucco Terrace House 1I 16 Brick Terrace 18 ROTHERUOOD ST. Houses 20 33 "Rotherwood" I 22 24 - SHAN ST. UALTHAM ST. I National Bank 105 6 The Elms of Australasia 148 Dimmeys I 216 State Bank 232 ] Three Storey 234 Stucco Shops 240 M. Ball & Co. I 250 -i former Whitehorse 252 -i Hotel I
I3.4.3 BUILDING INDEX BRIDGE RD. (CONT'D.) ABINGER ST. BALMAIN ST. BENNETT ST. 38 • 195 384 i 1 28 84 Rosella Preserving Co. 36 40 209 386 69 80 90 -i 42 240 388 ALFRED ST. 75 81-1 92 J BERRY ST. 44 • 246 390 7 83 J 18 254 392 - 41 ' 256 -I 398 - APPLETON ST. BARKLY ST. BOSISTO ST. 43 J 258 400 260 J 402 14 24 9 17 45 1 "] 47 1J 267 404 - BAKER ST. BELL ST. 46 277 • 418 -i 6 53 -i 73 BOUEN ST. 48 ' 279 420 1 55 J 85 17 J 21 1 7 50 - 281 422 J 49 i 283 - 428 - BENDIGO ST. BRIDGE RD. 51 278 430 19 83 100 -i City Hall 53 - 289 ., 432 102 J Police Station 65 291 434 - Napier Hotel 73 -: 293 450 -I 1 75 - 295 452 1 36. BRIDGE RD. (CONT'D.) I 77 297 454 J CHESTNUT ST. DICKENS ST. GOODUDOD ST. 84 299 486 - 40 43 48 1-1 7 8 Pelaco Factory 96 301 488 . 3 9 I 122 303 597 - CHURCH ST. 5 1 11 J GORDON ST. 130 305 599 - 71 269 425 S.E.C. Depot 132 307 J 619 -, 89 273 430 DICKNAN ST. 134 314 -, 621 135 276 466 -i 5 GRATTAN PL. I 137 -, 316 623 178 296 468 J 2 139 318 625 202 -i 353 472 1 DOCKER ST. 141 J 320 627 204 359 474 J 25 46 57 GREEN ST. I 150 -I 322 629 206 J 3791 5 33. -I 34 47 62 16 45 152 J 324 631 256 381 J 5 35 38 55 64 6"4 J 1 162 326 633 259 382 5 37 . GRIFFITH ST. I 164 328 J 635 . 383 619 DOVER ST. 166 370 637 - 391 301 34 1 186 -I 376 -j 639 . 32 1 36 11} 188 J 378 38-1 I 194 380 CLIFTON ST. HARCOURT ST. 382 - 10 11-, 26 DUKE ST. Silos 27 19 12 1 13 I BRIGHTON ST. 14 15 J 34 HIGHETT ST. 2 -t 17-1 30 16 J EDINBURGH ST. West Richmond Railway 4 J 19 J 51 42 58 i Station 23 69 263 I 146 COPPIN ST. 60- 167 13 203 234 44 132 270 27 206 i 235 EGAN ST. 46 193 - 279 BROOKS ST. 79 208 J 245 1 33 45 51 195 321 I 13 112 227 53 197 - 345 ELIZABETH ST. 60 221 361 BROUGHAM ST. CORSAIR ST. 74 93 102 68 -I 247 382 I I 2 30 32 70 J 261 384 J ELM GROVE BUCKINGHAM ST. CREMORNE ST. 12 21 25 HODDLE ST. 27 139 167 I 38 Richmond Primary School 60 62 i 112 ERIN ST. 99 145 BUNTING ST. 64 117 2 21 - 45 -[ 117 155 -I 92 66 J 122 4 23 . 47 J 123 157 I 1 94 J 6 1 22 51 -, 159 . THE CROFTS 8 J 26 53J BURGESS ST. 13-1 19 - 20 16 39 57 HULL ST. I 2 15 J 21 17 -i 41 9 23 19 J 43 BURNLEY ST. 25 - 20 HUNTER ST. Burnley Congregational 4 I Church CROUN ST. FRASER ST. 6 Burnley Uniting Church 91 13 | 8 75 St. Bartholomews 11 1 15 JAMES ST. I 4 185 291 -] 17 J GARDNER ST. 3 6-, 11 53 254 293 J 82 8 22 128 264 380 CUBITT ST. 10 I 144 289 400 -r 12 45 1 58 -i GIBDON ST. 12 . 166 402 J 41 T 47 J 60 J 9 24 1 43 1 49 158 13 26 J JOHNSON ST. CAMERON ST. 39 I 24 DAVISON ST. GIPPS ST. 1 6 | 19 1 351 KENT ST. CHAPEL ST. 2l sJ 2l] 37J St. James Catholic I 8 J Church GLEADELL ST St. James Church Hall CHARLES ST. Richmond City Baths 35 -\ 72 175 I 141 37 J 86 16 J 59 97 I 37. I LAITY ST. NOORHOUSE ST. SWAN ST. 17 3 11- Burnley Railway Siding 13 RICHMOND TCE. 1 164 319 I I LENNOX ST. 15 J 34 166 321 J c5 49 83 64 174 220 365 41 -T 51 84 66 184 227 MUIRST. ] 413 -I 128 198 229 87 94 I 180 . 415 J I 9 18 4,5= J 7.,,6 1 1, 138 203 254 505 47 78 J in 96 1981 148 205 272 MULBERRY ST. 98 200 J 517 1547 206 275 95 219 521 I 3 RIVER ST. 156 J 217 315 97 J 224 523- J. Kennon & Sons 162 MURPHY ST. 102 226 525 126 228 527 1 3 28 ROGERS ST. I LESLIE ST. 5 , 128 i 230 529 3 16 130 254 531 NEPTUNE ST. I 5J 132 258 533 . I LESNEY ST. 27 (former Alcock's RODNEY ST 134 270 * 20 24 30 Power Station) __ 136 272 1. 89 138 J 293 LINCOLN ST. ROSE ST. I 23 TANNER ST. NEWRY ST. 4, 7_ 11 22 28 68 LORD ST. ROTHEWOOD ST. I Metropolitan Fire UNION ST. NORMANBY PL. 5 19 n 34 Brigade 29 | 16 18 7 21 37 160-1 164 | 13 25 31 J 23 J 48 1 162 1 166 J ° 27 I PALMER ST. o2n0 50 j 7 LOUGHNAN ST. ROWENA PDE. 12 PARK AVE. ,, ... I 36 74 81 " 4 18 22 1 a 1B " I 50 76 83 LYNDHURST ST. 12 24 56 78 85 84 88 26 J I VICTORIA ST I 58 80 . R7 . ^ 97~ 88 1 1181 322- MADDEN GVE. PARK GVE. ]n? 90 J 120. 324 22 -T 26 1 76 6 94 316 326. 24 1 28 96 1 318 1 380 I SHELLEY ST. 30 J PARKER ST. 98 J 320 J 524 7-| 11, MALLESON ST. WALTHAM PL. 9' 13J SHERWOOD ST. I 2 81 21 3 4 T 39 3 10 J PARKVILLE ST. J 41 1J 19-j 23 I 27 I I MANTON ST. WELLINGTON ST. 21 1 25' 29J SMITH ST. 12 44 33 PEARSON ST. WILTSHIRE ST. I MARY ST. 1 10 SOMERSET ST. 20 145 -I 230 1 1 14 ]16 21 147 234 PEERS ST. 24 ]sn WHITE ST. I 43 149 240 37 151 276 20 J 23"| 29 ! 153. 25 31 39 PUNT RD. 27 1 33 41 J I MELROSE 233 263 307 -i 35 6 235 "I 283 309 STAWELL ST 237 293 311 J 2 " YARRA ST. 239 J 299 327 J ^ 6 I MILLER ST. m 199 ,\j j 22 241 301-1 395-1 247 303 i 397 J 419-1 I 421 J 469 I 38. I
3.4.4 D BUILDING INDEX I
ABINGER ST. BAKER ST. BELLVUE ST. BLAZEY ST. 31 2C> 58 15 45T 68 2 8 14 7 23 291 a 5 30i 61 17-1 47 J 70 5 9 17 13 25-1 31 J 14 32 61A 19 49 75 1 10 17 27] 53 15 34 64 21 54 • 76 ' 21 17 36 66 23 J 56 78 BENDIGO ST. i 19 38 68 25 58 80 3 55 79 BLISS ST. 21 40 J 70 27 60 82 J 5 65 82- J] 23 42 76 31 -| 62 77 8 '166 • 84 j] 10 i 25 46 80 33 64 - 87 10 68 86- 2- 27 55 35 57-1 91 11 70 87 8 37 J 59 J 93 13 72 . 88- i ADAM ST. 39 61 95 , 15 69 90 BOLAND ST. 1 28 43 65 IB 71 92 3 13 17 3 32 44 66 20 74 94. 4 15. 19 2 36 41 75 96 6 10- 21 i 21 38, BALMAIN ST. 43 76 104 ' 7-1 12 23 37 Bryant & May Club House 50 77 106. 9 14 22 39 Rosella Factory 51 108 11 16 .j 78 i 25 Cnr. Stephenson St. 52 80 1. 27 Shop Cnr. Cubitt St. BOSISTO ST. 91 461 98A] BENNETT ST. 1 5 18 i ADELAIDE ST. 11 J 48 100 2 35 2 25-] 16 1 Factory Cnr. Chestnut St. 13 50 102 2A 18 J 37 3 9. 27 J 40-1 52 104 3 17 f 38 4 12 ADOLPH ST. 42 54 106 4-j 19 J 40 i 2 Factory 44 J 56 108 J 6J 20-1 41 BOTHERAMBO ST. 43 58 J 124 5 22 J 42 19 ALFRED ST. 45-1 79 8 23 43 i 1 5 14 47 J 86 91 26 44 BOUEN ST. 2 9 - 11 J 27 T 46 16 32 4 -i 11 BANK ST. 10 29 J 47 10 ] 19 34 .1 i 6 J 13 . 5 12 21-1 12 30 , 48 9 22 33 32 J 491 14 25-1 6 13 23 J 13-i 37 ALLOUAH TERRACE 8 14 37-i 15 J 33 51 J 27 J 39 1J 15 1 2 "I 6 ' 10 11 15 39 J 14 34 50 17. i 4 J 8. BARKLY AWE. BENSON ST. BRADY ST. AMSTERDAM ST. Richmond Abattoir 1 5 4 - i 4 27 33 Killing Rooms , 3 7 6. 6 29 35 3 11 149 -I 7 30 37 5 13 151 J BENT ST. BRIDGE RD. i 13 31 39 7 15 215 20- 24 28-1 180 -I 358 " 21 32 1 41 22 . 26 30 Jl 182 J 360 23-1 34 J BELGIUM AVE. 32.1 10 190-1 362 25 J 23 12 192 J 364 J i BERRY ST. 141 208- 359 i
APPLETON ST » BELGRAVIA ST. 1 6 - 22- 16. 210 361 _ 2-1 22 58 7 3 - 8 24 J 22 1 212 J 363 i i 4 35 60 5 10 23 24 J 220 -i 365 _ 6 J 36 62 BELL ST. 7- 12 25 261 222 j 366 16 n 38 64 1 20 36 4 14 261 28 J 224- 367 16 . i 18 J 57 66 2 22 37 28 J 31-1 226 J 394- 17 68 4 23 39 20 29 33. 228 I 396 . 6 24 41 34-1 230, 401 10 25 43 -| BLANCHE ST. 36 J 232 ' 407 i 35 234 . 417 14 27 45 il 16 28 47 3 37 233 T 4241 18 31 49 J 5J i 35 44 39. 1
BRIDGE RD. (CONT'D.) BRIGHTON ST. (CONT'D.) BURNLEY ST. CANTERBURY ST. I 58- 235 426 .J 83 132 181 Hotel Cnr. Bliss St. 4 32 1 52 1 60 237 433 92 136 185 Richmond Abattoirs 24-i 34-1 54 . 62- 239. 438 94 138 187 Holding Yards 26 J 38 56 i 64-1 244 446 1' 107 140 1 188 2 205 - 302 25 44-1 58 . i 66 . 255 -i 448 .J 109 142 J 189 28 207 310 27 46j 59 1 78 257 456 111 143 191 88 209 311 - 61 _ 100 259 J 458 -1 144 200 97 - 211 313 i 102 - 266 -I 460 .j 145 99 213 . 315 CARROLL ST. 104 268 J 462 - 101 217 317 . 6-1 171 106- 272 464 BROOKS ST. 103 219 318 8.1 19J i 107 274 466 2 5 105- 229 - 320 - 109 -i 276 468 - 4 8 107 - 231 . 322 . CHAPEL ST. 111 280 -i 472 - 109 233 - 326 12-i 16 1 20 113 J 282 474 BRONHAM PL. 111 235 . 328 14 1 leJ i 114 -1 284 J 476 8 19 113 _, 237 330 -1 116 . 286 478 114 ' 239 - 332 . CHARLES ST. 118' 298 480 . BROUGHAM ST 116 . 241 334 1 19 35 i 120. 308 -I 490 ' 8 IB 118 - 243 338 - 20 41 123 308AJ 492 1. J, 12 20 120 .245 * 340 - I 22-i 45 125 310 -I 494 7 15 21 121 246 - 345- 8 24 J 47 i 127 312 J 498 '1 9- 17-] 23 124 248 347 9 23 51 129 330 -, 500 19. 125 - 250 . 349 10 27 53 146 -i 332 502 -J 127 247 351 11 29 55 148 . 334 506 -I BUCKINGHAM ST. 129 255 353 12 26-i 61 i 168 - 336 508 24 82 114 131 - 256 - 355 13- 28 J 65 170 338 510 .1 27 83 I 117 126 258 . 357 15. 32 67 172 340 - 527 30 83A_] 118 187 268 359 17 34 731 i 174 342 "I 615 35 86 119 -I 189 1 273 361 75J 176 - 344 J 642 37 88 121 J 191 _, 283 363 178 346 40 90 124 193 -I 285 - 365 CHARLOTTE ST. 349 42 93 126 195 287 . 367 . 5 20 35 i 352 44 95 - 128 197 295 -i 370 - 8^ 24 36 355 47 97 130 199 295AJ 372 _ ib 29 38 356 48 99 131 201 . 297 378 12 _ 311 40" i 51 101. 133 198 299 - 394 18 33 J 42 BRIGHTON ST. 53 102 134 198 301 418 34 44- S.E.C. Substation 54 104 135 303 i Cnr. Howard St. 55 105 136 305 - CHESTNUT ST. 11 113- 148 56 106 139 11 16 47 21 115 154 57 108 149 BUTLER ST. 3. 18-i 44 1 28 117 155 71 110 162 26 46 56 5 20 J 46 J i 38 -j 119 156 6 73 111 164 38 50 58 ' 1 23 82 40 121 - 157 74 112 170 40 53 60 8. 24 84 42 J 114 T 159 -1 78 113 44 54 62 7 27 90 i i 41 116 J 161 J 64- 91 28 92 45 122 -] 164 T BUNTING ST. 11. 30 94 J 461 124 166 J 3 48- 60 CAMERON ST. 10 31 104 i 48 J 126 165 8 50- 63 4-1 14 32 12 34 110 47 128 168 18 51 72 6 J 18 35 13- 35 114 50T 130- 170 19 52-1 74 7 22 37 15 36-1 116 52 J 123 ' 171 20 54- 79 9 28-1 39 17 38 J 118 i 125 175 21 53 80 10 30 J 41 19. 39 " 1 59 J 127 176 29 55 81 11 29 43 41 62 129. 177 33 56 -i 82 13 45 i 65 I 131- 178 34 58 _ 90 67 J 133 179 42 59 CAMPBELL ST. 73 135 180- 10 18 20-1 i 81 137 182 BURGESS ST. 12 22 J 82 -r 139 184 4 10 16 84 141- 186- 6 -i 12 20 i 86 J 8. 40. I
CHURCH ST. COPPIN ST. CREHORNE ST. CUTTER ST. East Richmond Church of Christ 2n 76 137 - 2'I 17 48 1 I Railway Station 51 951 178 4. 86 -i 139 4.1 20 1 50 - 5 164 401 7 J 97 .1 180 5 88 J 141 6 22 J 51 9- 166 406 6 -i 101 184 10 92 1 143 8- 23 56 11 176 408 ' 6A J 106 186 9- 92A J 145 10.] 24' i 13 182 410- 11 107 188-1 11 _ 101 147 9 26.1 S 15 184 412 ' 15 108 190 J 20 106-i 149 121 28 72 17- 186 414 .I 33 110 189 22 108 151 J 14 J 33 73 I 18 197 431 35 113 191 48 no.1 13 35 74 23 217 453 43 116- 192 1 74 161 ^2 75 25 237 i 455 47 118- 194 J 18 J 77 i 59 239 457 48 -i 117 193 THE CROFTS 63-i 241 458 - 50 J 119 -| 1961 3 9 24 DANDO ST. 65 243 460 52 n 121. 198 J 4 11 27 2 67 245 - 462 54] 1201 200-1 6-" 14 28 I 69- 247 - 464 . 56-j 122. 202 J 8 161 30 DARLINGTON PDE. 85 249 476 58 J 124 -| 204 10_ 18 J 3 13""[ 251 . 480 • 60 126 210 7 22 97 1 15 J i 99 258 - 482. 128 213 11 101 . 260 . 487 -i 64 130 214 CRIMEA ST. DAVISON ST. 103- 266 489 65 132 216 2 7" 3'1 29 50 i 105 267 491 . 70 134 - 218 31 9-. lH 5.1 31 52 107 . 286 - 518 72 136 229 5_ 8-] 15 10 35 55 109 288 . 525 73 127 231 4 10 J 161 111 37 56 115 290 527 74 - 133 239 -T 6 111 18-l 13J 38 58 I 127-1 299 539 76 J 135 241 J 13 J 12 40-1 60- 129. 311 577 138 243 14 42j 62 75 1 133 318 " 579 77. 141 247 CROWN ST. 18 41 64 i 137 320 - 609 145 251 2 18 29 78 1 22 43 66- 141 - 323 650 80 146 257 6 19 37 251 44 78 143 385 82 148 259 10 201 39 27 J 46 80 I 145. 386 -1 84. 151 261 14 22j 41 48 81 388 - 83 152 - 263 16 24 -i 49 390 - 87- 154. 265 -I 26 ] 392 . 89 J 158 267 J DERBY ST. i 395 88 163 "I 275-1 CUBITT ST. 4 10 398 90' 165 J 277 J 1 106* 161 6- 92. 170 279 8 108. 163 I 8 i ;^J I CLIFTON ST. 91 1 171 281 1 10 112 165 J 7 31 40 - ] 173 283 J 21- 123 -i 169 DICKENS ST. 17 33 1.. 42 .1 " 174 285 23 125 J 170 4 13' 191 18 36 50 i 176 291 25 127 171 15 2lJ 19 37 54 27 129 1731 17 23 39 i 54A CORSAIR ST. 29 131 175 J 28A 41 J 60 2 15 26 31 142 1 177 DICKHANN ST. i 30 -I 66 4 17 28 33- 144 J 179 3 11 32 . 8 18 34 30 146- 181 12 9 20 35 34 148 182 14 i COLE ST. 11 21 42 36 150 184 1 - 2- 14~| 22 38 152. 185 DOCKER ST. 3 4 16.J 24 48 154 186 8- 19-] 44 5 6 72-1 i 155 188 -i 10 21. 48 7 . 8- COTTER ST. 74. 157 -i 190 J 12 23 3" 12 30 78- 159 J 189 14- 28 67] 5 14 32 80 160 192 161 29 1 72- I 7 16 33 82- 194 18- 31 J 74 J 9 IB 341 17 391 11 22 36.J 41 J i 13 -, 23 35 42 4' 25 37 6_ 27 38 8 28 41 i 10 29 " 41. I
DOVER ST. EGAN ST. FARMER ST. GARFIELO ST. I S.E.C. Substation 21 38 75 8 321 56 4 40 53- 7 49 I 117 4 J 41 77 9 34! 58 24 50 55 11 51 J 121 3-1 43 81 ' 10 36 60 38 51 57 i 12-] 57-] 136 5j 47 82 11 42 62 39 1 59- 14 J 59 1 138 1 6 49 83 12 44 64 41 J 71 13-, 6]lj 140 J. 7 53 84 15 48 15 7]L 142 8 59 85 31 54 GEORGE ST. i 17 T' 143 13 63 86 2 7-1 15 19 75' 144 15 67 87 FORDHAM COURT . 4 9j 17 21 J 95' 145 25 69 88 1-1 6-1 13 5 8n i 18 -i 11CIn 147 27 71 R9 3 J 8 J 14 J 10 J 20 J 112 149 29 ' 73 93 2-| ~ 28 11*t 153 31 95 4 J ] GIBDON ST. 37 lid 155 37 5 "I 10 -] 5 25 44 i 39 HE14 171 12j 7 28n 50 74 181 ELIZABETH ST. 11 30-1 51 199 14 59 n 80 FRANCIS ST. 15 32 62 i 28 -J 61 82 n l 9 15 17 33 64 DUKE ST. 30 J 62A 84 J 5 11 17 19 34 66 6T 4*tn 68 34 66-] 88 6 12 i 8 46 J 70 36 68J 89 7 13 GIPPS ST. 10 5C 72 38 73 90 2 12 21 12 J 5*> 744 42 76 91 FRASER ST. 7 14 33 7 56A 71 44-] 78 96 n 1 33 551 9 16 43 i 131 59 83 46 J 79' 98 3 34 57 10 17 45 15 1 611 84 51 81 100 13 36 59 J 11 19 14 63 J 86 83- 102AJ 16 38 61 i 28 62-] 87 181 39 63 GLASS ST. 30 64 91 "I ELLIS ST. 20 J 40 64 22 31- 391 32 66 1 93 J 2 21 42 66 29 33 41 J i 97 22 45 67 35 43 ELM GVE. 23 46 68 37 _ DURHAM ST. 1 15 34 25 48-] 71 -I 1 14 25 5A 18 361 27 50 73 J GLASSHOUSE ST. i 3 22 27 7 22 38 J 29 52 72 13 4 23 28 10 23 42 31 54 76 6 241 29 14 32 56 4 78 GOODWIN ST. i 12 264 33 7 9 11 ERIN ST. GARDNER ST. EDINBURGH ST. 3 55 81 3 43 1 63 1 GOODWOOD ST. i 7-[ 4E •i 68 5n 59 83T 4 454 65 j 2n 14 26A 9J 5C) 69 7j 69 1 85 J 8- 471 67-] 44 18 28 16-] 52.4 70 9 714 87 f 10 49 J 69 J 3 20 28A 184 49 -T 72-1 111 73 "I 89 J 12 48 70 5 22 1 30 i 19-] 51 J 741 13l 754 14 50 711 7 22A J 32 21.1 54 76-1 34 77 16- 51 73 j 8-] 23A 34 26 56 78 J 18 521 72 10 4 23B 35 i 35 59 80 EUCALYPTUS ST. 27 544^ 741 11 24 36 61 1 83 1 13 28 53 764 13"] 24A ] £ 43 63 J 85 J 2 5 321 55 75-1 15 J 26 1 i 45n 64 87 -I 34j 56n 77J 47 J 65] 89 1 EUREKA ST. 36 58 78-] GOUGH PL. 46 67 J 6 16" 20 1 37 60 80J 1 -| 7 15 10 18 22j 38 62 79-r 5 9 i 14 391 64 81 J 1 11 414 664 83-] 13. 40- 63] 85j i 42 65 J 84 44 861 i 46- 88 J 42.
GORDON ST. HIGHETT ST. (CONT'D.) HOWARD ST. KENNEDY ST. 1 8 1 15 47 1 143 338 11 -r 151 21 1 -r 2 -I 21 10 J 16 49 J 145 340 13 1 17 J 3 4 4 11 20 48 147 342 5 6 6 13 50 148 1' 344 HUNTER ST. 7 J 8 . 56 150 .j 346 2 32 60 -] GRATTAN PL. 58 149 350 31 33 62 1 KENNY ST. 71 10 21 62 151 352 5 J. 34 75 2 4 9J 11 -i 23 64 152 354 8 41 - 77-] 8 13 72 153 356 10 -1 43 79 J KENT ST. 15 J 74 T 155 359 12 J 45 78 10 78 I 116 76 J 158 363 11 47 80 17 80 119 GREEN ST. 77 160 365 15 49 . 83 20 82 120 Sheds Cnr. Electric 78 162 367 I 16 1 44 84 22 84 J 122 Lane 79 185 •I 369 1 18 J 46 85 23 1 77 124 5 321 55 80 187.1 370 24 48 87 25 J 81 125 6-1 34 J 57 -1 82 189 372 27 52 100 29 -j 87 132 8 J 33 59 85 199 373 28 "I 54 31 88 134 -I 7 36 ' 61 J 86-1 215 389 "1 30 J 58 33 J 89 136 J 9 38 60 88 J 217 391 J 32 90 -j 141 10"| 40 63-1 87 I 233 HULL ST. 39 1 92 J 143 12 J 42- 65 89 243 5-| 16 22 41 J 94 144 11 37 67 91 245 7-1 18 23 42 95 147 1 17 39 -r 69 J 93 249 21 26 50 104 149 1 18 41 J 66 95 253 56 108 150 19 -j 46 73 97 267 JAGO ST. 60 110 152 21 J 47 81 99 J 271 SI 9 68 111 154 20 -r 48 95 "I 7J 70 112 1 156 22 J 52 97 J NODDLE ST. 73 114 J 23 53 17 63- 125 JAMES ST. 74 I 113 24-| 54 -| 29 65- 127 4 5 76 1 26 56 J 31 -I 83 - 129 7 28 33 J 85 .. 169 KHARTOUM ST. 30- 57-1 89 175 JESSIE ST. 1 9 23 59 95 2-| 18 52 3 11 25 GRIFFITHS ST. 61 J 97 4-1 50 5 12 31 15 23 101 7 17 19 JOHNSON ST. HODGSON TRCE. 1 -j 12 28 KING ST. GWYNNE ST. 3-1 8- 16-1 3 17 - 29 If 51 9 44 124 5 10 _ 18 J. 5 19 31 3j ?J 11-1 122 128 7J ll-l 23 -T 7j 19A.1 35 13J 9 13 J 25 J 6-j 21 37 HARCOURT PDE. 6 12 -j 27 12 J 23 40 KINGSTON ST. Factory 14 1 9 25 41 14 16 ll-i 26 42 HIGHETT ST. HOLLICK ST. 13 27 44 KIMBER ST. 1A 92 277 1-] 4- 15 J 4 9 15 5 94 295 3 6 5 10 16 21 96 301 5 8 KELSO ST. 7 12 22-| 112 I 305 7J 10. 2 11 21-1 8 14 24 114J 3081 3 13 23 J 26 J 116 -j 310 J HOSIE ST. 4 14 -| 24 LAITY ST. 28 118 J 314 5 9 15 5 16 J 25 3 51 73 29 124 3161 7 11 17 7 15 28 14 53 76 30 128 318 J 8 13 8 17 -| 30 181 55 85 32 130 320 HUCKERBY STREET 10 19 J 33 20 J 56 86T 36 134 324 33] 27 59 88 J 38 136 326 37] 34 1 70 96 40 "I 138 333 36 J 71 42 J. 141 334 "I 49 72 336 J 43. I LAMBERT ST. LESNEY ST. McGOON ST. NARY ST. (CONT'D.) 3 12 24 12 28 32 1" 5 441 139 268 I 9 18A 26 14 3. 46 140 270 11 18 48.1 141 f 272 LINCOLN ST. McKAY ST. 47 143 J 274 i LEEDS ST. 22 63 1 67 2 4" 11 58 150 278 4 39 65. 71 6 12 60 152 280 47 48-i 76 8. 13 62 155 -1 290 i LENNOX ST. 49 50 79 10 63- 157 J 292 Shop Cnr. Rowena Pde. 53- 54 81 65 161 300 10 124 'I 256T 55 56 82 McKENZIE ST 67 162 302 12 126 .J 258 J 57 58 84 50 69 165 308 i 132 260 59 60 86 71 167 310 18 20 1. 140 I' 276 ] 61 62. 88 MADDEN GVE. 73 170 312 46- 142. 276A J 64 90 Richmond Abattoir 75 172 320 i 48. 141 i 278 1- 16 46-j 77. 174" 3321 62 143. 284 "j LITTLE LESNEY ST. 3 32' 48 J 176j 334 J 68- 145 286 J Warehouse 5 34 50 344 i 70 149 288 - 7 36 84 72. 150- 290 LORD ST. 9 38 86 NELROSE ST. 74 152 . 292 86 120 -I 11 40. 94 1 7 13 36 76] 151 294 38 1. 87 122 J 13 96 2 8 14 i 78 1 153 296 46 89 127 15 . 4 10 80 158 298 49 90 129 5 12 84 ' 160 300 - 57 91 137 HALLESON ST. i 86. 161 299 - 61 921 139 1 13 "I 23-| NILES ST. 90 ' 169 301 . 65 94. 141 4 15J 25j 2~\ 3 14 t 92 . 170 302 ' 66 158 5 24 4 10-1 i 94- 171 304. 67 99 _ 163 1 6 a 26-1 6 12 1 15 96. 172 303 68-' 107' 165 J 9 17 28 J 8. 100" 186 i 306- 109. 167 11 19 102 188. 308 72. Ill 168 12 20* MILLER ST. i 104 222 310 - 85 112 172 22. 3 17 25 106 232" 311 10 18 27 108 . 234 312 LOUGHNAN ST. NANTON ST. 13 20 i 112- 236. 314 "f 1 4 8 1 6 22 15 24 114 240 316- 2 6 2" 7 28 -| 16 4_ 116 245 1 317 15 301 118 247. 318- LOYOLA GVE. 5 17 MITCHELL ST i 250- 320 . 4 14- 28 1- 9 120 75 _- 1 122. 252, 321- 6"I 16 _ 34 NARY ST. . 11 J 323 8 -. 20 36 3 64 175 2' i 325 10-1 24 38-1 4- 66 177 4. ;:1 S3 327 - 12. 40 J 6 70 183 322 8 72 186 MONTGOMERY ST. i LYNDHURST ST. 10. 76 188 1 9 LESLIE ST. 10" 30~ 55 5 78 192 5 17 1 22-1 36 12 32 61 7 79- 200 4 24. 38 14 34 63 "I 9- 81 210 MOORE ST. i 16.L 36 65 11 83 212 1- 8 23 39 10 25 40 11 38 - 67 J 13. 85. 226 3.[ e]i a 11 26" 43 13 31 69 16 106 242 2- 91 14 -i i 13 28 44 15 40- 74-1 18 114 248 -I 4. 11. 14 30- 45 19 42 76 J. 22 122 250 J 5 -] 17 27 46 21- 44 78 24 124 -j 252 7_ u. i 18 29 47 23 46 80 27 126 J 254 19 31 49 25 48 82 29 132 255 NOORHOUSE ST. 21 32 50 27- 50 - 86 36 134 257-1 1 10- 18-J 33 51 28 49 - 38 138 259 J 7 12 20J i 51 8 14 i 53 _ 9 16 _ 44. I MUIR ST. NORTH ST. PRINCE PATRICK ST. RICHMOND TCE. (CONT'D. 1 8 14 5 15 - 251 1 5 10 28 3 10 15 77 17 27 J 2 6 -| 30 I 51 12 16 9 19 31 8J 32 I 7j 13 20 11 21 . 33 34 J 13J 18 38 PRINCESS ST. 36 MULBERRY ST. 12 22 42 10 i 5 11 24 48 RISLEY ST. 8 12 -J PUNT RD. 12 22 10 14 J PALMER ST. 207 277"] 383 14 24 I 2 45 63-] 209 279 385 MURPHY ST. 4 49 65 J 211 281 J 387 RIVER ST. 7 25 39 -] 23 51 67-] 219 305 413 "I Ansell former Neptune i 9 27 41 J 25 55 69 J 223 315 T 415 Oil Works 11 29 43 -i 29 57 113 227 317 417. 12 30 45 J 37 57A 115 229 319 427 ROGERS ST. 13 33 44 43 59 ' 117 243 321 J 429 -r 89 I 14 37 46 -| 61 1. 245 323 I 431 15 38 48 J 249 325 J 433 RODNEY ST. IB! PARK AVE. 253 375 "] 435 S.E.C. Stores i 20 J 8 10 265 377 J 437 2-| 12 ] 48 267 439 J 4J 14 J 54 MURRAY ST. PARK GVE. 273"! 441 6t 18 56 i "I 9 8 20 36 275 J 443 8 1 40 1 58 T i] ?J 11 10 22 38 445 ] 10 1 42 J 60 J 12-i 24- 40 447 J NEPTUNE ST 14 26 42 ROSE ST. I 4 45 72 16 28 46 QUEEN ST. 2 6 16 81 47 74 18 30 48 19 12 39 10 J 52 76 3 10 5 12 i 22 54 78 -1 PARK ST. 24 56 80 J 1 6 - 15 RAILWAY PL. ROTHERUOOD ST. 25 58 83 -j 3 8 . 17 Printers 9 30 -| 41" i 26 64 85 51 10 18 1-j 11 30A J 43 28 67 87 J ?J 121 21 3j 13 36 45 30 69 90 I 14 .. 24 12 38 47 32 70 92 J REGENT ST. 15 40 -] 49- i 34 71 95 PARKER ST. 21 18-r 781 17 40AJ 44 36-i 73 1 4 15 4 J 20 -I 80 38 75 2 6 10 -T 28 I 82 ROUT ST. i 40 77 12 30 J 84 J 1 42 79 PARKVILLE ST. 14 J 46 44 81 4T 24" 35 ROUENA PDE. 46_ 36 RICHMOND TCE. i 6 26 4 28 66 8 28 37 Cnr. Alfred St. 5 30 69 NEULANDS ST. 10 30 40 2 Tj 37 -| 103 1 6 32 1 77 ~| 11 2 9 12 32.. 42 4 39 J 105 J 7 34 J 79 J i 3J 14 31 44 6 38 104 81 38 82 1 16 34 46 8 52-| 109 10 46-] 84 J NEURY ST. 18 48 10 54 112 12 J 48 J 66 i 13 1 9 16 20 12 J 56 1 9 52 |JSJA 2 11 18 22_ 3 58 114 131 53 90-] 3 13 19 11 -i 60 J 115 T 15 J 54 92 4 15 23 PEARSON ST. 13 59 117 1 14 57 1 94 J i 5 17J 26 31 8 18 "I 15 J 72-] 119 i 21 59 J 99 6 12 5j 11 20J 14 74-1 116-r 23-] 61 T 101 4 13 20 ~| 92 118 J 25 63l 103 i NORMANBY ST. 22 J 93-] 120 27 &4 105 6 -] 12 14 PEERS ST. 24 T 95 J 1251 29 J 65 107 4 24 40 26-1 96"] 127 J 109 8 i 10 -1 6 28 46 25 98 J 126 12 30 48 14 32 52 16 22 54 i 45,
RULE ST. STANLEY ST. STRODE ST. TANNER ST. 8 2 • 35-1 2 7-j 10 1 37 57 4.11 "24 37 J 4 9J 11 3 43 59 SHAMROCK ST 3 25 36 68 16 32 45 61 1 7 9 6 26 38 33 51 67 7 27 39 SURVEY ST. 35 53 69 SHAW ST. 8 28- 42 38 10 S.E.C. Substation 11 30. 44 1 7 TENNYSON ST. 2 6 13 29 44Al 2 16-1 31- 49 SUTTON EVEm SHEEDY ST. 18.1 33. 51] 1-1 11 24 THOMAS ST. 1 7 19 34 53 J 3J 13 26-1 3 10 28-1 5 9 4T 16-| 28 J 4 14 30 J STAWELL ST. 6 18 30-j 5 18 -j 32 -I SHELLEY ST. 6- 721 126 8j 20 J 32j 6 20 J 34 J 9-1 17-1 27 B 74.1 128 10 24i1 11 J 19 28 10 73 130 26 J 13 21 34 12 75 132 SWAN ST. 14 23 36 14 76- 148 Burnley Horticultural TONKINS LANE 25 - 40 16 78 150 College 3avilion 21A 24-1 43 18 80. 152 5 182 1 3851 26. 20 82 154 12 184 J 387 J TUDOR ST. 22 85- 156 15 191 395 Housing Commission Area SHERWOOD ST 24- 87 158 30 193-1 409 7 21 "> 247 26 89 170 36 1 195 430 TYPE ST. 11 23, 26J 28 91 172 38 J 197 J 447 1 n 56 13 40 93 176 40 "I 199 -j 449 IA .251 61 42 95- 178 42 J 201 1 453-1 3 27.1 63 SMITH ST. 44 86- 180 71 "I 202 •I 455 3A 31 65 3 16 -I 27 46 88. 203A 73 204 J 4571 5 33 67 6-1 18 28 50 96 2051 75 207 462 ^ 7 39 8 J 20 J 30 52 1 102 207 J 77 J 213 464 9 19 34 54 J 103 209 99 -, 218 466 TYSON ST. 10 21 40 56 1 105 245 101 229 468 5 7-1 13 11 22-1 48 56A J 108 249 103 J 231 470J 9J 13 24 J 58 110 251-1 104 -, 237 -| 493- 15 26 60 112 253 J 106 J 239 J 495 UNION ST. 68 116 107 1 241-j 497 1 18-1 21 SOMERSET ST. 71 120 109 J 243 J 499 J 10 20 J 22 -J 7 81 i25 111 -, 246 -i 501 14T 24 J 8-1 88 128 STEPHENSON ST. 113 J 248 J 504 16 J 10 J 91 129 42 - 102 I 115 I 255 506 I 4? 20 95 131 -I 44 -1 51 102A_1 H7 J 256 507 THE VAUCLUSE 23 97- 133 J 45 84 104 ] 135 -, 257 509-1 8 16 33 99 J 134 106 J 137 260 -I 511 J 35 101 - 136 108 139 260A_l 535 VAUGHAN ST. 38 103 . 139 -] 141 262- 539 -T 1 40 -j 104 141 1 STEWART ST. 143 264 541 42 J 105 - 140 3 33] 51 145 -1 266 5431 VERITY ST. 47 107 .142 5A 35J 59 140 "I 268 . 545 14 50 106 i 143 9 41-1 61 142 265 550 52 108 . 147 43. 144 267 VICTORIA ST. 54 109 148 146 J 273 60 1 136 286 55 110 152 STILLMAN ST 157 301 1 62 J 148 -| 298 • 57 111 - 153 4 11 24 163-1 303 J 68 150 300 59 113 . 154 7 19 25 165 J 302-1 70-1 152 J 302 61 H2 155 9 22 28 168-1 3041 72 J 158 304- 69 I 115 156 10 23 30 170 323-I 76 162 1 328 71 J 118 157 172 J 325J 78-1 164 1 344 74 120 158 I 174 344 80 J 166 I 354 1 78 -I 121 " 160 J 175 T 350 84 -1 168 J 356 J 80 J 123 J 177 861 I88 358 T 79 122 1791 46. I
VICTORIA ST. (CONT'D.) WELLINGTON ST. (CONT'D.) YORK ST. (CONT'D.) 100 -I 190 ' 360 1 16 41 79- 40-1 61~1 84 I 102 J 192 362 J 171 43 -T 81 42 63 J 86 104 T 194 364 19 J 45 j 83 44 62 88 106 J 196. 368 "I 21 46 85 46 J 64 90 i 108 I 206 ' 370 1 18 47 87 41 1 66 92 110 J 208 402 20 49-j 89 43 1 71 93 112 210 406 23 -] 51 91 45 72 97 114 "I 212 - i 424 I 25 J 53 93- 48 73 116 -1 264 426 J 26-j 55 J 80- 266 4541 28 501 82 YORKSHIRE ST. 268- 456 J 30 52 J 84 18 31 ] 411 i 270 470 32 54 86 25 33 J 43 J 272 472 34 61 88 27 1 39 45 274 36 63 90 29 1 i 276 38 66 "I 92 278- 40 68 1 94- 42 J WALL ST. i 1 17 I 28 -j WELLS ST. 3 19J 30 258 5 10 32 4 i 6 12 34- 7 141 331 WERTHEIH ST. 7A 16 J 35 3 9 11 i 9 -j 25-, 37 11 27 39 J WESTBANK TCE. 13 29-1 43 13 31 39' 23-| 33 41 i 15 26 25J 35 43 UAL THAU ST. 27"1 37 J 45- 2 131 24T 29 I 97 i 31 15 J 26 J 5 J 14 27 WHITE ST. 4 16 29 16-j 22 281 i 7 18 31 18 24 30 J. 10 "1 19 33 20 1 26_ 12 J 20-1 22j WILLIS ST. i 21 21 10 6-j
UANGARATTA ST. i 8 14 171 WOODLAWN ST. 10 I 19-1 247 12 J 3-] 9 i 5j WAVERLEY ST. 17 32 YARRA ST. 2 15 i WELLINGTON ST. 8 17 4 27 711 7-| 29 73J YORK ST. i 9-1 31 72-1 1"] 50 76 8 33 74J 3-1 51-| 79"1 11 -T 35 77 10 53J 81_i i 11AJ 37 78 34 56 80 39 59 82 i i I 47. I 3.5 RECOMMENDED CONSERVATION CONTROLS In general, except for a few redeveloped areas, the buildings and streetscapes of Richmond are predominantly Victorian, late Victorian or Edwardian, of relatively varied but unified overall character I although with many unsympathetic alterations and intrusive modern buildings. I The corresponding object of these conservation controls is to rectify and prevent intrusive unsympathetic alterations and to ensure that new buildings or additions are designed to complement I the character, where identified, of their surroundings. Due to the existing stylistic diversity, however, requirements for the design of infill buildings are relatively free with the main emphasis being I on overall scale and suitable materials. The definition and application of appropriate controls are set out I in the following sections. 3.5.1 DEFINITIONS Works Includes demolition, alterations, I additions or Streetworks. Maintenance is excluded from this category. I Demolition Complete or partial removal of existing building. I Alterations Changes to existing building including to chimneys, verandahs, doors, windows, roof or wall finishes, fences and paint I removal. Additions Additions to existing buildings or sites including carports, garages, I sheds, etc. Streetworks Includes work to road and footpath I surfacing, kerb and channel gutters, street planting, seats, bins, etc. Maintenance Any work done that does not modify or I Work change the appearance of a building structure or decoration including re- I painting in existing colours. Visible Any part of a building that can be seen from the street or from neighbouring I side streets, walkways, parks, etc. For example, the roof, front or side elevation of a typical building. For precise definition see Guidelines I Section 4.0, figs. 4.20 and 4.21. Concealed Not visible, For example, alterations I to interior or rear of a typical I building. I 48. I 3.5.1 DEFINITIONS (Cont'd) Restoration : Returning the existing fabric of a I place to a known earlier state. While it may be unreasonable to press for immediate full restoration, all i alterations should be in the direction of restoration, and all works that preclude future restoration restricted. i Conservative Conservative design (which is applied to additions only) means adopting a 'low-key' design approach in which i historic building forms, proportions, colour range and materials are used, but reproduction of traditional i decorative work and detailing avoided. The design should honestly admit its modernity,while paying due respect to i its environs. See Guidelines, sections 4.4. Interpretative Interpretative design means a looser i reference to the architectural traditions of the area, with use of appropriate materials as the prime constraint. Forms and proportions i should relate to, but need not exactly follow, those found in the area's historic buildings. Good modern i architecture is welcomed. See Guidelines Sections 4.4. i Innovative Innovative design refers to consideration of appropriate materials, height and setbacks only. Again, good modern architecture is welcomed. i Refer to Guidelines Section 4.0 for illustration of recommended design approaches. i 3.5.2 RECOMMENDED CONSERVATION CONTROLS A BUILDINGS i Planning permit required for all works to A buildings in any location. i Demolition and additions not permitted. All alterations, including paint colour schemes to be towards i restoration. Advertising signs to be conservative. i All applications for works to A buildings on the Historic Buildings Register to be referred to the Historic Buildings Council for approval. Refer to Appendix 5.1 for information i on this body. i i 49. I 3.5.2 RECOMMENDED CONSERVATION CONTROLS (Cont'd) I B BUILDINGS Planning permit required for all visible works to B I buildings in any location. Demolition not permitted. I Visible alterations, including paint colour schemes to be towards restoration. I Additions to be concealed. Advertising signs to be conservative. I C BUILDINGS Planning permit required for all visible works to C I buildings in any location. Demolition not permitted. I Visible alterations to be towards restoration. Visible additions to be conservative and within height I limits and setbacks. I Advertising signs and paint colours to be conservative. D BUILDINGS Planning permit for visible works to D buildings only I within Conservation Areas. I Demolition not permitted within Conservation Areas. Visible additions (see streetscape level, if relevant, I for control over additions to D buildings). Advertising signs and paint colour schemes (see relevant streetscape level). I Outside Conservation Areas the approaches outlined for C buildings should be encouraged by general planning I policies. LEVEL 1, 2 & 3 STREETSCAPES Planning permit required for all visible works to all I buildings. I Demolition of A, B, C and D buildings not permitted. Visible alterations to be towards restoration. I Visible additions to be conservative and within height limits and setbacks. I Advertising signs and paint colours to be conservative. I 50. I 3.5.2 RECOMMENDED CONSERVATION CONTROLS (Cont'd) LEVEL 1, 2 & 3 STREETSCAPES (Cont'd) • New buildings to be interpretatively designed and in • accordance with height limits and setbacks. m Street works to be towards restoration. •
RIVERBANK CONSERVATION AREA (Urban Conservation Areas type 2) _ Planning permit required for all works in or adjacent *• to Riverbank Conservation Area. Visible alterations to be towards restoration. P Signs and paint colour schemes to be conservative. • New buildings to be restricted i.e., limited to as few as • possible with controls over appearance, design, etc. Existing streetworks or landscaping to be towards • restoration, new streetworks or landscaping to be • conservative. OUTSIDE CONSERVATION AREAS I Outside Conservation Areas, Conservation Controls are m mandatory for A, B and C buildings and for buildings • that affect a neighbouring A, B or C building or Conservation Area. Controls for these neighbouring ^ buildings are as for buildings in Level 3 streetscapes. • As a general rule, conservation controls will be introduced over those buildings immediately abutting an "A", "B" or "C" m building; but additional surrounding buildings may also be I included in the controls where individual circumstances make this desirable. ^
I I I I I I I CO CD
O O Required Restricted RESTORATION Restricted RESTORATION CONSERVATIVE All applications affecting buildings on Historic or Govt A BUILDINGS m Buildings Register referred to Historic Buildings o Council 1or approval (see Appendix 5-1) o o Required RESTORATION RESTORATION B BUILDINGS where Restricted where CONCEALED where " 70 VISIBLE VISIBLE VISIBLE CONSERVATIVE CONSERVATIVE n n where VISIBLE n C BUILDINGS " where O &wfthin height VISIBLE O limits &setbacks n n n D BUILDINGS only within only withh only within see streetscape only within only within conservation c . areas c. areas c . areas c. are as areas // '// / CONSERVATIVE INTERPRETATIVE 70 LEVEL 1,2 8.3 Required Restricted RESTORATION where VISIBLE CONSERVATIVE where VISIBLE where forABC&D where & within height where CONSERVATIVE ?. within height RESTORATION STREETSCAPES VISIBLE buildings VISIBLE limits & setback VISIBLE jmlts& setbacks RESTORATION RIVERBANK of existing M - — n n CONSERVATION " Restricted new work AREA CONSERVATIVE
OUTSIDE Permit , DEMOLITION, ALTERATION , ADDITION , NEW BUILDING & STREET WORKS CONSERVATION controls only mandatory for A,B & C buddings and for buildings neighbouring AREAS ABorC buildings or Conservation Areas NEIGHBOURS Unrestricted Unrestricted INNOVATIVE Unrestricted INNOVATIVE
Fig. 3.2 Refer to Guidelines Section 4.0 for Illustration of Recommended Design Approaches 52. I I 4.0 GUIDELINES I I 'Historic buildings only impose restrictions wnhen the designers 1 I working on them are uncreative and insensitive 4.1 INTRODUCTION The purpose of these guidelines is to provide a basic approach to I the restoration and alteration of Richmond's historic buildings and to the design of additions and new buildings in the context of Richmond's historic character. These guidelines are essentially I in outline only because of the range of building types and historic periods together with the size of the study area. Further detailed information however is readily available in a I number of books recently published on the subject of Victorian and Edwardian buildings and their restoration: Evans, Ian. The Australian Home. I The Flannel Flower Press, 1983. I Evans, Ian. Restoring Old Houses. MacMillan, 1979. Evans, Ian. et.al. Colour Schemes for Old Australian Houses. I The Flannel Flower Press, 1984. Forge, Suzanne. Victorian Splendour, Australian Interior Decoration 1537-1901. I Oxford University Press, 1981. Stapleton, Ian. The Old Aussie House. John Fairfax I Marketing, 1983. Tanner, Howard. Restoring Old Australian Houses and luTldings. An Architectural Guide. I MacMillan, 1975. A detailed bibliography is included at the end of this section I for references on all aspects of restoration. For explanation of the Specific Guidelines made on the Identi- I fication Sheets of this Conservation Study refer to Section 4.6.
1 Royal Australian Institute of Architects 1984 Awards Jury, Architecture Australia. December, 1984. I I I 53. I 4.2 BUILDING PERIODS AND STYLES IN RICHMOND I 4.2.1 HOUSES Building construction has reflected Richmond's history from the I earliest beginnings. After the recession of the 1840's many houses were constructed, generally in those areas of Richmond closest to Melbourne, so that by 1857 there was a total of 2,161.2 I Construction continued during the 1860's and 1870's and culminated in the speculative boom of the 1880's when workers' dwellings spread all over Richmond (by 1901 there were 7,908 houses).3 By this stage, however, the earlier Victorian houses were being 1 demolished and their sites redeveloped. ^ All building work virtually ceased with the massive 1890's I depression and by the time the economy had recovered again to boom proportions in the Edwardian period, the appearance of buildings was radically transformed. Much of Richmond's building stock I dates from this period. During the First World War building activity again slackened and 1 after this traumatic time another shift in style had occurred. The 1920's were also a boom period during which the population of Richmond began to decline as many people moved to the outer I suburbs.5 Owner occupied residences began to outnumber tenanted residences and many comparatively substantial Californian bungalow houses were built. Industrial development accelerated and in 1922 1 Industrial Zoning Regulations were introduced in an attempt to order the conflict between residential and industrial use particularly in the north, south and east. I Building activi ty dwindled again during the depression of the 1930's and the Second World War, after which buildings generally became 'modern' in style. Many houses were also unsympathetically I altered in the post war period in an attempt to improve and modernise their appearance. By 1966, after the Edwardian, Inter-War and Post War periods, there were 9,616 houses in I Richmond. Thi s number currently stands at 10,279 dwellings, of which 36% are fl ats. ' I 2, Lewis, Nigel. Research Study 1030. Melbourne University. 1 3, Richmond News, Census of Victoria 1901, 17th November, 1966. 4, McCalman, Janet. Struggletown. Public and Private Life in I Richmond 1900-1965. Melbourne University Press, 1984. p. 12. 5 Ibid, p.12 I 6 Ibid, p.12 7 Melbourne Statistical Division. Comparative Local Statistics, I pp.113, second edition, Melbourne & Metropolitan Board of Works, February, 1983. I I 54. I I 4.2.1 HOUSES (Cont'd) Thus, up to the Second World War, this study's cut-off date, building construction tended to concentrate in five major periods of activity with a notable preponderance of late Victorian and I Edwardian buildings. The dates indicated below, however, are approximate as the styles I do not conform with periods exactly and often tend to overlap with transition periods in between where buildings have elements I from more than one style: Early Victorian 1839 - 1860 I Victorian 1860 - 1880 Late Victorian 1880 - 1900 I Edwardian 1900 - 1914 I Inter-War 1918 - 1939 i i i i i i i i i i i i 55. RICHMOND: EARLY VICTORIAN HOUSES 1839 - 1860. Symmetry typifies the earliest houses, with a central door and I windows to either side. The windows were either double hung or casement or full length French doors, often with multiple small panes. Roof forms were steep gables or hips, sometimes in very i short spans, but also in large spans so that the attic room was accommodated within, or partially within, the roof space. Attic windows were therefore also associated with the period (fiq. 4.2). I Verandahs (although not ubiquitous) were common and often of concave roof form. The typical overall proportion was squat compared to later Victorian buildings (fig. 4.3). Many buildings of this period were prefabricated and were shipped from Tasmania i and England. simple corbelled slate, metal tiles, ogee or 1£ round i brick chimneys corrugated iron or galvanized steel timber shingle roof or cast iron gutters i timber, cast iron or. no verandah fneze/bracket decoration I square or rectangulM section timberstopip chamfered posts
bluest one, stucco Weatherboand or I wide shiplap board walls I timber casement windows or trench doors or double hung windows I multi-paned i
moulded timber timber, shaped or stucco window top picket fence i &door architraves 8, gale i i i i i i Fig. 4.1 Early Victorian House Types. i 56. I RICHMOND: EARLY VICTORIAN HOUSES 1839-1855 (Cont'd.) I I Ibf I I I 1 ''% P *j r n is • 1 , I •inniPinnill-i
I Fig. 4.3 Alexander McCrae's Residence, originally on corner of Sherwood and Rotherwood Streets, (demolished) I SOME EXISTING HOUSES FROM THE EARLY VICTORIAN PERIOD.
BALHAIN ST. DOCKER ST. JANES ST. NARY ST. SWN ST. 81 -, 46 47 55 13 -| 22 230 250 (Hotel?) I 83 J ±J ^ ELIZABETH ST. ROSE ST. YARRA ST. CLIFTON ST. 74 LENNOX ST. 4 11 6 26 221 (Orwell I ELM GROVE ROTHERUOOD ST. Cottage) CUBITT ST. 21 5 7.9 37 16 -i LESNEY ST. GRATTAN PL. SHELLEY ST. J.1 DO J 1 30 36 I 2 41 I 57.
RICHMOND: VICTORIAN HOUSES 1860 - 1880. I Houses of this period are characterised by a limited number of simple elements used in various combinations. Roof forms were I either straight forward gables or hips, often hidden by a parapet. Attic rooms were generally no longer constructed. Front verandahs were ubiquitous with straight or concave iron roofs, supported on timber or cast iron posts and decorated in cast iron. Windows were I double hung, doors four panel and waljs either brick, polychromatic brick, stuccoed brick or weatherboard (square edge or bead edge). I elaborate corbelled corrugated iron ogee galvanized brick or stuccoed or slate roof steel gutters chimneys I cast iron verandah frieze & bracket decoration I cast iron or stop chamfer .timber posts I carved timber eaves brackets I brick, polychromati brick , weather boar -timber ashlar or stucco walls timber double hung windows
moulded timber timber shaped I architraves if top picket fence .- walls timber 8. gate or iron palisade I I I
f\ yi^y^^np ^^ I
•f T B U UL IL [TU • I
fl 1 t 3 I \ — ~~"~ — f • \r 'N 1 4-— H
Fig . 4.4 Victorian House Types I 58. I RICHMOND: VICTORIAN HOUSES 1860-1880 (Cont'd.) I I I I I I
I Fig. 4.5 Germania Cottage, 34 Clifton Street. Monash Family Home 1871. I I I I I I I Fig. 4.6 Typical Victorian Two Storey Terrace Type (Collingwood) I SOME EXISTING HOUSES FROM THE VICTORIAN PERIOD BUCKINGHAM ST. DOVER ST. FARTER ST. HU1K SI. bmjcitl SI I 38 79 64 18 79 CHESTNUT ST. EDINBURGH ST. HIGHETT ST. PEER ST. STAUELL ST. 48 58 -1 60 4 87 60 -1 I CROUK ST. JOHNSON ST. ROTHERUDOO ST. TYSON ST. 29 EGAN ST. 39 48 -r 5 33 50 J DOCKER ST. LESNEY ST. I ERIN ST. 24 ^fWHt^FT ^T 6"4 - I1 14 51 HADDEN GROVE. 53 1-1 I 76 59. RICHMOND: LATE VICTORIAN HOUSES 1880 - 1900 I All Victorian building styles continued into the late Victorian period with the principal addition of the two storied arcaded type and of the increasingly popular assymetrical fronted villa with a projecting front room often with a bay window or with the whole I projection in a bay form. The front verandah continued in use sometimes with a bullnosed roof instead of the traditional straight or concave form. However this period is characterised by the I flamboyant use of classically based ornament of the Italianate style with such distinctive motifs as balusters, swags, rococco shells, urns, balls, vermiculated panels, incised stucco patterns and I dentils. Cast iron decoration became more elaborate until the turn of the century when timber decoration began to return to favour. Triple light windows with double hung sashes were very common and walls were generally either polychromatic brick, stuccoed brick or I timber ashlar with weatherboard side walls. elaborate corbelled corrugated iron ogee galvanised I polychromatic brick or slate roof steel gutters or stuccoed chimneys cast iron verand frieze & bracke I decoration usually cast I iron posts
carved timber i or cast iron eaves brackets 1 qlychromatic timber shaped • rick .stucco or top picket or iron '-t timber ashlar palisade fence walls
projecting front triple light room often with double hung I bay form wing walls common windows
Fig. 4.7 Late Victorian House Types 60. i RICHMOND: LATE VICTORIAN HOUSES 1880-1900 (Cont'd.) i i i i i i i i i
Fig. 4.8 'Casa Santiago1 from drawings Fig. 4.9 Typical late i for residence in Richmond for Victorian C. Alke by William Pitt, Cottage, i Architect. 87 Stawell St. SOME HOUSES FROM THE LATE VICTORIAN PERIOD. i BARKLY AVE. GARDNER ST. NOORHOUSE ST. 17 70 2 4 BRIGHTON ST. GIPPS ST. 6 J i 52 122 -i 2 11 126 -J NORNANBY PL. GREEN ST. 16 CHESTNUT ST. 7 73 81 i 40 9 PARK AVE. 22 i CHURCH ST. HIGHETT ST. 24 149 243 263 293 26 J i 261 CREHORNE ST. SOMERSET ST. 122 HODOLE ST. 129 'Urbrae' THE CROFTS i UNION ST. 20 NARY ST. 11 63 69 75 ERIN ST. 65 71 77 WELLINGTON ST. 6-1 IB 26 i 67 73 44 8 -I 20 49 i 22 67 i fil RICHMOND: EDWARDIAN HOUSES 1900-1914 The Edwardian house in Richmond is typically red brick or weatherboard I with a red terracotta tile , slate or corrugated iron roof featuring half timbered or timber detailed gables. The front verandah has a bull- nose roof, turned timber posts and timber fretwork or heavy, flat, cast I iron decoration. Windows are either paired, narrow and double hung or two, three or four light casement windows with top-lights. Stained glass front doors were also a common feature. When space permitted cuch I as on a corner or on a wide block, gabled rooms projected on both sides, giving a more three dimensional effect. I brick chimneys with terra-cotta tiles, ogee galvanized corbelled 8,/or rough cast slate or corrugated steel gutters tops & terra-cotta pots iron roof half timbered 8, I rough cast gable timber fretwork or Edwardian cast I iron decoration Jurned timber I posts
brick, weatherboard I1 ••••••••••• mmiiiiiiiiiiiiiii timber ashlar walls 3 casement sash windows with top I lights coloured leadlight I glass to top lights, doors & sidelights
^square or rounded I lop timber picket fence .timber 8.. ripple shingled weatherboards I Jron awning & timber ashlar dado (hidden by hedge) I I I I I I I I Fig. 4.10 Edwardian House Types. fi2. I RICHMOND: EDWARDIAN HOUSES 1900-1914 (Cont'd.) I I I I
• - •' :-. T~^-T~ •^l^'VJ'-r.WVWz?}"^--.••: •:-;. , ' I - :.f'-' -- "' ~ "''•'' 'r- ••'"'S^-J''J'J'ra»^lii&^ffifflJ^lMPffi'*?
I ;.:•,: -'
I Fig. 4.11 97 Kent Street I I iiiimii mtttmii imiiiii I I I I Fig. 4.12 144 Dover Street, 1914 I SOME EXISTING HOUSES FROM THE EDWARDIAN PERIOD
BUCKINGHAM ST. DOCKER ST. LORD ST. SUTTON GROVE I 42 85 160 -j 164 i 11 2l] 162 1 166 J BURNLEY ST. SHAN ST. 118 -i GREEN ST. MARY ST. 462 -| 468 i 539 I 120 -1 11 20 21 464 470-1 541 466 1 543 COPPIN ST. HIGHETT ST. MITCHELL ST. 90 i 51 356 9 -i 92 J 11 ] I HOSIE ST. CUTTER ST. 9 MURPHY ST. 16 -| 15 JOmSON ST. I 18 -• 26 PALMER ST. DAVISON ST. 37 KENT ST. 14 22 41 97 I 19 -i 35 58 63.
RICHMOND: INTER-WAR HOUSES 1918.- 1939 1
The most common style in this period is the Californian Bungalowlow. It originated in California and quickly became a po jlar 1 builders' style. It is characterised by low gables rA/V I1 iU" hl I bracketted and shingled ends, thick masonry verandah piers, lain chimneys, bay windows and clear and coloured leadlighting. DOfS 1 are terra cotta or concrete tiles or corrugated iron, w 11st walls are usually roughcast/weatherboard or roughcast/brick. 1 plain brick terra-cotta or concrete timber shingle ogee or quad chimneys tile«, or corrugated 8./or rough cast or galvanized iron roof half timbering steel gutters 1 no applied verandah decoration I
brick 8, tapered rough cast piers 1 rough cast /brick or rough cast/ weatherboard 1 walls
double hung 1 sashes in groups of 2 or 3 «''!'mlu. ix .llmiiUlliiilii'» I a i.iliiiiii,iiiiii..,...m11 II l |^H square top timber >&. f IWr\^ I Wl TTWT^ I • TTII ^^_ on timber frame • fence ^
clear qlazed I lead light I
Fig . 4.13 Typical Inter-War Houses 65, I 4.3 RESTORATION GUIDELINES. I 4.3.1 INTRODUCTION After decades of neglect, indifference and even hostility there is now a new awareness of the special qualities of Victorian, I Edwardian and Inter-War buildings. Nevertheless, renovations carried out to a building with a mis- understanding of how things actually looked or in accordance with I some temporary fashion may detract from the authentic character and reduce rather than enhance its value (fig. 4.15 and 4.16). Houses restored in sympathy with the intentions of the original I designer not only avoid spoiling the building but will probably attract a better resale price. I Thus the gradual replacement of timber windows with aluminium windows, the painting out of polychromatic brickwork in the latest fashionable colour, the removal of chimneys, the sandblasting of brick walls, the erection of high obscuring fences, the use of I modern ersatz materials such as imitation roofing tiles and fake bricks gradually destroys the character of an area as much as the I demolition of an individual significant building. To successfully restore, it is desirable to have some understanding and knowledge of the style and period of the I building before appropriate decisions can be made. 4.3.2 APPLICATION OF RESTORATION GUIDELINES I All visible external alterations to all contributory buildings included under conservation controls are to be towards RESTORATION. See sections 3.5 and 3.6 for Recommended I Conservation Controls. I 4.3.3 PRELIMINARY STEPS IN THE RESTORATION PROCESS. Where substantial alterations have occurred, the restorer should consider the following steps before commencing: I AN EXAMINATION OF THE PHYSICAL FABRIC: This might be done with a careful investigation of the building, including roof and floor spaces, to answer such questions as: Is all of i the existing building original? Have there been any alter- ations? What period is the building? Has the building been built in more than one stage? Do the original finishes I really need to be redone? SEARCHING OUT ORIGINAL OR EARLY DOCUMENTATION: Photographs particularly can be an invaluable resource: I "Even if a house is very intact an old photograph or description may prove surprising. It may show missing attachments, such as awnings and blinds, or items removed I during maintenance such as chimney pots, cresting, old gutters and so on. It may also show an old colour scheme (albeit in shades of grey), garden arrangement or fence I design "2 (fig. 4.17 and 4.18). I 2. The Old Aussie House, op. cit. p.3. I RICHMOND: INTER-WAR HOUSES 1918-1939 (Cont'd.) i i i i i i i i i i I i i i Fig. 4.14 California Bungalows, 53 Blazey St. and 156 Kent St. i SOME EXISTING HOUSES OF THE INTER-WAR PERIOD
BLAZEY ST. HOLLIOC ST. KENT ST. 53 1-| 5, 6 - 152 154 156 i 3 I 7J 8 COLE ST. NARY ST. 41 10-1 in 5 - 6 - 43 234 3 I 7 J 8 -1 i 1 KENNEDY ST. ?J e i HIGHETT ST. 279 i i 'IS UU3 L '9 9T'1; '
eS6I U|.a3 SI'17 '
•qq 67.
Fig.4.17 34 Swan St. c.1900
Fig. 4.18 34 Swan St. 1984 I 68. I I 4.3 RESTORATION GUIDELINES 4.3.3 PRELIMINARY STEPS IN THE RESTORATION PROCESS (Cont'd) I This study includes information on individually significant buildings, although the scale of the project precluded detailed investigation. Another source is to establish the name of earlier owners (through a title search) and to track I down any descendents who may still have early photographs of the building. I EVIDENCE FROM OTHER BUILDINGS OF A SIMILAR TYPE, PERIOD, STYLE AND LOCATION. If sufficient evidence cannot be found from the previous two I steps then buildings of similar type, period, style and location should be looked at. This is particularly straight forward if the building is part of a terrace or row of I identical cottages. Often no one building of a group is intact but, altogether they provide a complete picture. I REFERENCE TO GUIDELINES & RELEVANT BOOKS. Some general guidance can be obtained on the analysis of building style and the identification of appropriate details I in these guidelines. The books listed in the introduction can also be an invaluable source provided interstate, regional and even suburb by suburb variations are kept in I mind. I SPECIFIC GUIDELINES. Specific items have been noted on the identification sheets for each A, B, C or D building in Richmond. Refer to the I particular item of Section 4.6 for explanation. 4.6.1 Painting and Paint Removal I 4.6.2 Fake Finishes I 4.6.3 Windows and Doors 4.6.4 Verandahs I 4.6.5 Fences 4.6.6 Carparking I 4.6.7 Shop Verandahs I 4.6.8 Shop Fronts 4.6.9 Advertising Signs I 4.6.10 Streetworks I I I I I I I I Fig.4.19 Unsympathetic Addition I CONCEALED additions not to exceed height of gutter on existing I buiding I I I I CONCEALED additions CONCEALED additions to start behind — not to project beyond main roof form sides of existing building I Fig.. 4.20 CONCEALED ADDITION DEFINITION I I set back CONCEALED additions on corner I sites so they are screened by side fence I I I side fence
Fi.g. 4.21 CONCEALED ADDITION DEFINITION FOR CORNER SITE I 71 FORM appropriate to period MATERIALS Square edge weather- of house Hip, Gable or Lean-to. board face brick (pressed reds) I Vertical proportions, use of rendered brick, corrugated iron verandahs. slate, tile (if building after 1900) I OPENINGS Windows and door openings relatively I smal1 and of vertical proportion I DETAILS Double hung windows I or french doors, ogee gutters and downpipes, plain and panel doors. I NO ALUMINIUM LACE OR GLAZING BARS TO I ADDITION Gable Set Back Hip I Fig. 4.22 CONSERVATIVE Additions to a House. I
PAINT COLOURS FORM Appropriate to period MATERIALS To match I generally in accordance of building. Parapets,, original, corrugated with recommendations for steeply pitched roof 30°. iron, face brick, historic buildings. Vertical proportions, use rendered brick, I of verandahs where timber windows to applicable. match adjacent buildings. I OPENINGS Window and Door Openings I relatively small and of vertical I proportion DETAILS I Ogee pattern gutters and downpipes. NO ALUMINIUM I LACE, GLAZING BARS etc. to I ADDITION. I Fig. 4.23 CONSERVATIVE Additions to a Commercial I Building, 166 Burnley St. I 72.
FORM Gable roof of 25° pitch. • Traverse gable if double car width required (as below). I I I I
MATERIALS Square edge weather- I board, face brick (pressed reds)," rendered brick, corrugated iron, si ate,tiles (if building after • 1900). •
DOORS Preferably clad in vertical timber lining boards. I I I Fig. 4.24 CONSERVATIVELY Designed Garage or Outbuilding, Dickman St. I I I I I I I
Fig. 4.25 CONSERVATIVELY Designed Garage or Outbuilding, I rear 207 Lennox St. (Note re-use of earlier bluestone wall.) I I 73,
I VISIBLE additions not If addition greater in height to exceed one storey than original building then I above existing gutter set back behind main roof form I I I I I I
I Fig. 4.26 VISIBLE REAR ADDITION DEFINITION 185 Burnley St. I I I
EXISTING BUILDING I No setback of VISIBLE side addition confuses .& detracts from I original facade I
I X INAPPROPRIATE appropriate setback of VISIBLE side addition equal to width I of verandah (rhinJ'5M) maximum height of I VISIBLE side addition equal to existing building I ^/^APPROPRIATE Fig. 4.27 VISIBLE SIDE ADDITION DEFINITION I I 4.5 NEW BUILDING GUIDELINES I 4.5.1 INTRODUCTION These new building guidelines are included to provide direction I for infill development in Richmond. Generally this new development should maintain and, ideally, enhance the existing character of an area, rather than detract from it, which has happened all too often in the past (fig. 4.28, 4.29). Again, the range of different approaches needs to be applied on an individual basis and the benefits of an architectural advisory service for this purpose is recommended. 4.5.2 APPLICATION OF NEW BUILDING GUIDELINES I The recommended design approaches for new buildings in areas or locations included under Conservation Controls are as follows: I WITHIN INTERPRETATIVE and in accordance with HEIGHT CONSERVATION LIMITS and setbacks AREAS I OUTSIDE INNOVATIVE and in accordance with HEIGHT CONSERVATION LIMITS and setbacks AREAS I See Sections 3.5 and 3.6 for Recommended Conservation Controls. I 4.5.3 INTERPRETATIVELY DESIGNED NEW BUILDINGS Appropriate materials should be used but the overall character of I the building is a looser reference to the architectural traditions of the surrounding area (fig. 4.30 and 4.31). 4.5.4 INNOVATIVELY DESIGNED NEW BUILDINGS This approach applies to new buildings outside Conservation Areas and, essentially, controls materials only, although HEIGHTS and • SETBACKS are the same as those recommended for other design • categories (fig. 4.32, 4.33). • 4.5.5 HEIGHT LIMITS AND SETBACKS FOR NEW BUILDINGS The HEIGHT of a new building should be equal to the height of neighbouring buildings in the immediate vicinity. This, of •™ course, excludes more recent buildings built without regard to context. This height limit applies to new buildings in Conservation Areas as well as new buildings outside these areas m• but adjacent to individual A, B or C buildings. Council policy should encourage this approach throughout Richmond. • Generally, SETBACKS should conform with the range of setbacks occurring in the immediate vicinity to avoid disturbing the existing pattern of development. This is particularly important in commercial areas where, in most cases, buildings are built on te street alignment. This requirement applies as for height limits. I I 75.
Fig. 4.28 Unsympathetic New Buildings Detract from the character of the surroundings.
Fig. 4.29 New Buildings of INAPPROPRIATE design and height. 76I.
FORMS to be similar but used in a varied manner. I I MATERIAL Weatherboard, face brick, render, corrugated iron, slate or tiles as appropriate for area. I
OPENINGS Similar to those I used in surrounding area. I I PAINT COLOURS to be within range appropriate for historic buildings, but not I necessarily located or juxtaposed the same way. I Fig^. 4.30 INTERPRETATIVE New Residence 53 Richmond Terrace I I I I I I I I I I Fig. 4.31 INTERPRETATIVE Commercial Building Toorak Rd, Toorak Village. I 77, I I MATERIALS Weatherboards, face brick, render, I corrugated iron, slate or tiles, as appropriate for I area. FORMS to be similar in scale only to buildings I in the surrounding area. For example, new buildings should not have long un- I broken facades in an area of single fronted cottages but should be articulated I to form a similar pattern.
PAINT COLOUR I Generally only fluorescent and primary colours are I unsuitable. I Fig. 4.32 INNOVATIVE New Residence I Richmond Terrace. I I I I I I I Fig. 4.33 INNOVATIVE New Commercial Building I Burnley St. I "I
4.6 SPECIFIC GUIDELINES I In assessing each building in Richmond for this Conservation Study • it became evident that there was a recurring number of problems I arising from alterations to exteriors of contributory buildings. This section examines each of the particular problems and includes m guidelines for more appropriate alterations. • 4.6.1 PAINTING AND PAINT REMOVAL Generally, original unpainted surfaces should not be painted or, • if already painted, paint removal by appropriate methods should be considered. New colour schemes to VISIBLE external parts of M buildings included in conservation controls to match or be | sympathetic to original colour schemes. See Sections 3.5 and 3.6 for Recommended Conservation Controls. M . EXISTING UNPAINTED FACE BRICKWORK OR RENDER (also called stucco) ™ is a significant and increasingly rare original feature and should on no account be painted. Not only is the original • appearance of the building altered in a way that is extremely • difficult and expensive to un-do, but attractive detailing such as in the contrasting cream brick of polychromatic brick- • work or the fine lines ruled in stucco to imitate stone are | lost. Any wall so painted also becomes an additional mantenance item that requires repainting every ten years' « (fig. 4.34). | PAINT COLOURS for originally painted surfaces. The appropriate use of colour is an important aspect of the restoration of old • buildings. As a result of recent prejudice against Victoriana • or a lack of information on what actually existed, most restorers have settled for bland colour schemes or for exotic • effects that owe nothing to historic precedent and do little | to complement the architecture of the buildings. Steps to establish a suitable colour scheme: • 1. With a sharp blade and paint stripper to soften paint 1ayerlayerss, scrape back existing paintwork to reveal original I layer. 2. If an early photograph can be located this may assist in • at least indicating the tonal range and the locations of | light and dark colours. 3. If the building has previously been stripped or burnt back • or if conclusive results are unobtainable then a similar • building retaining an original colour scheme could be used as a basis (fig. 4.35). • 4. One of the recommended texts could be used particularly 'Colour Schemes for Old Australian Homes' (fig. 4.36) or • a standard guideline could be used such as the National • Trust Bulletin 1.1 Exterior Paint Colours (fig. 4.37). I I 79, I
I 4.6 SPECIFIC GUIDELINES (CONT'D.) 4.6.1 PAINTING AND PAINT REMOVAL (Cont'd.) I PAINT REMOVAL. DO NOT SANDBLAST any material, except cast iron, to remove paint. Sandblasting irreversably damages masonry walls by eroding fine edges and corners and by removing the hard I impervious surface of bricks, resulting in an inappropriate blurred appearance and leaving walls susceptible to rainwater penetration. A sandblasted wall can only be repaired by turning I around all the bricks or stones so the sandblasted surface is concealed or by rendering the building to resemble a stuccoed building of the period, both of which are prohibitively expensive. I However, paint can be readily removed from masonry, with minimum damage,by a combined chemical/steam or high pressure water technique. Tradesmen to do this work can be found listed under I Cleaning Contractors - Steam, Pressure and Chemical in the Yellow Pages. I Although this process is generally more expensive than painting, it is recommended for removing paint from previously unpainted surfaces, not only for reasons of appearance, but because of the I long term economy in saved maintenance costs. I
I The colours listed below may be used in those locations marked 'yes', and may under special circumstances be used in locations marked 'restricted1. I WALL COLOURS JOINERY & ROOFS SMALL SCALE SIGNWRITING SIGNWRITING (in matt and . (letters not I semi-gloss exceeding 80mm only in height) I OFF-WHITE YES I CREAM YES YES LIGHT STONE YES YES YES no fluorescent or luminous LIGHT BROWN restricted YES paints , and no I RICH BROWN restricted YES metallic "paints other than INDIAN RED restricted YES ' silver and gold I CHROME GREEN restricted otherwise unrestricted PRUSSIAN BLUE restricted I BLACK & DARK TINTS restricted SLATE GREY YES I Fig. 4.37 Specification for Location of Colours from the I National Trust Bulletin. 80. I I I I I I I I I I I I
Fig. 4.34 Original Unpainted Finish/Painted Finish, 122/134 Brighton St. I
~.r-/ ,;-::-^*--V' ","-•. "• *^{.''i? I I Rich Brown
Cream I I I I 4.35 Timber Ashlar Cottage with early paint colour scheme. 14 Somerset Street. I 81 I I I I I I I I I I A scheme with biscuit walls, Venetian red joinery and buff trim on a small terrace. I 1 Basecourse and masonry sills Venetian red 445 (gloss) under verandah 2 Walls and chimneys Biscuit 369 3 Incised work and brackets Light buff 358 I to fin walls 4 Raised mouldings to chimneys Light buff 358 and masonry sills " 5 Window and door frames Biscuit 369 I and transoms 6 Window and fanlight sashes Venetian red 445 7 Doors Venetian red 445 8 Panels, mouldings and sides Biscuit 369 I of glazing bars to front door 9 Verandah beam and scotia Light buff 358 under gutter 10 Soffit of verandah roof, Eau-de-nil 216 I rafters and wall plate 11 Cast iron Venetian red 445 12 Fascias and barge boards Light buff 358 13 Roof Unpainted I 14 Verandah roof stripes Venetian red 445 and biscuit 369 15 Gutters and barge rolls ' Venetian red 445 16 Downpipes and lead flashings In with surrounds 17 Slate door thresholds Unpainted I 18 Cement paving Light buff 358 19 Plinth to palisade fence Biscuit 369 20'Iron palisade fence and gate Venetian red 445 I The numbers after the colours refer to British Standards I (260 C and 381 C) which are reproduced in the book. Fig. 4.36 Example from" Col our Schemes for Old Australian Homes.'' I I 4.6 SPECIFIC GUIDELINES I 4.6.2 FAKE FINISHES _ Usually the products promoted for refinishing old buildings such • as imitation bricks, imitation stone facing, imitation roofing tiles and aluminium or plastic weatherboards are not convincing • and detract from the authentic overall appearance of a building. | Fake finishes therefore contradict a restoration approach and are • not to be VISIBLE on any building or in any area included in I conservation controls. Unfortunately, these finishes are often very aggressively • marketed. There is a misconception, often promoted by • distributors of such products, that the repair cf the original finish is more expensive than the imitation product. However, • this is usually not the case if comparative quotations are sought. | Imitation wall claddings, in particular, should be treated with • caution. Often the money spent recladding would be better • directed to repairing any rotted sections of the stud frame and relacing any badly deteriorated (usually west wall) boards in ^ genuine timber weatherboards and the whole properly prepared and • painted, rather than covering up the problem for a temporary and • expensive cosmetic effect. Imitation claddings also prevent ventilation of the wall framing, causing dry rot (fig. 4.38). • It is important that original finishes be retained if the original character of the building is not to be spoilt. If replacement is m essential, then the same material should be used. I Generally, in Richmond, the most common appropriate roofing material is galvanised corrugated iron. Galvanised iron is • preferable to Zincalume as it quickly dulls off to a soft grey, • whereas Zincalume retains its glaring silver finish. Iron roofs were frequently painted either stone, slate, fadeless green or • ferrous red so Colourbond colours: Autumn Red, Dove Grey and | Beige are also appropriate in some circumstances. Tiles were generally only commonly used after 1900 and then were • unglazed terracotta. Concrete tiles were introduced around 1908 and were commonly used on Inter-War houses. Tiles are therefore only appropriate on Edwardian or later buildings and should be • selected to match original material colour, pattern and glaze ™ finish. In any situation imitation roofing tiles should not be used. • Similarly, weatherboard buildings should not be finished in brick, imitation or real (fig. 4.39 and 4.40). • I I I I 83. I I I I I I ' - I Fig. 4.38 Fake claddings often worsen existing problems. I I I I I I
I Fig. 4.39 Inappropriate cladding on a Victorian cottage.
I ROOF FINISH WALL CLADDING APPROPRIATE INAPPROPRIATE APPROPRIATE INAPPROPRIATE corrugated iron metal decking square edge vertical boarding slate terra cotta tiles weather board fake weatherba VICTORIAN concrete tiles fake brick I take files a. c. sheet brick veneer
corrugated iron metal decking square edge I slate glazed tc. tiles weatherboards ii EDWARDIAN unqlazed red concrete tiles / roughcast marseilles pattern fake tiles terracotta tiles I corrugated iron metal decking glazed red fake tiles marseilles pattern INTER WAR terracotta tiles ii n concrete, roman or marseilles I pattern tile's I Fig. 4.40 Appropriate Roof and Wall finishes. 84. I 4.6 SPECIFIC GUIDELINES 4.6.3 WINDOWS AND DOORS I All alterations to VISIBLE windows and doors of buildings included in conservation controls to be towards RESTORATION. I MODERN WINDOWS IN EXISTING WINDOW OPENINGS have generally been _ assessed as 'Inappropriate' because although the original I proportions of the building have been retained, unsuitable ™ materials such as steel or aluminium have been introduced, the size of the frame and sash are altered and often the • action of the window is inappropriate such as in sliding • windows. Windows should be carefully examined to check whether they do p require replacement. Usually the dilapidated state of the original window is superficial and can be readily rectified. _ New sash ropes, adjustments in parting beads and sash moulds • (still available) together with a thorough preparation and • painting can rejuvinate a window so that it needs no further attention for decades, paticularly if protected by a I verandah. If, on the other hand, the window is extensively rotted then a new sash, sill and/or frame should be made to match by a joiner or a new double hung timber window of matching proportion installed. I
ALTERED WINDOW OPENINGS are generally assessed as 'Extremely — inappropriate1 not only for the reasons outlined above, but • because the proportion of the whole facade is spoilt (fig. • 4.41), In all cases, where visible from the street, the original • windows should be retained or reinstated. NEW DOORS Again, appropriate maintenance can obviate the need • for a new door but if an unsuitable door is to be replaced then doors such as those illustrated (fig. 4.43, 4.44) can _ be bought second-hand, made to order at a joinery shop, or • purchased off the shelf from such manufacturers as Provans • Timber & Hardware, Corinthian or Robinsons. Carved doors available at most hardwares have no similarity | to traditional door design and are inappropriate. FLYSCREEN DOORS are another consistently inappropriate addition. • Screen doors to suit Nineteenth Century or early Twentieth Century houses should have timber frames and rails and be either plain or detailed to suit the period of house • (fig. 4.42). Such doors can be made up by a joiner or B obtained from specialist manufacturers such as The Colonial Screen Door Company. •
I I I 85, I I I I I I Fig. 4.42 Fig. 4.41 Unsuitable Windows and Doors detract Appropriate I from original character of cottage. Fly Screen Door I DDDD tn I I
I •VICTORIAN LATE VICTORIAN EDWARDIAN ABOUT 1915 ABOUT 1925 I Fig. 4.43 Appropriate Doors for Different Periods and Styles. I I I I I I I Pig. 4.44 A Victorian Front Door I 86. I 4.6 SPECIFIC GUIDELINES I 4.6.4 VERANDAHS Much of the character of pre 1940 buildings is a result of the | verandah and for this reason it should not be removed or unsympathetically altered (fig. 4.45 and 4.46). M All alterations therefore to VISIBLE verandahs of buildings * included in conservation controls to be towards RESTORATION. However, a great number of verandahs in Richmond have already been I removed entirely or, more commonly, modernised with flat roofs, concrete floors, wrought iron panel or steel pipe posts. Careful • attention to detail and the matching of this to the period of the | house is essential for effective restoration results. Note particularly that bull-nose verandah roofs were only introduced in « the late Victorian period and that turned timber posts are I Edwardian. A typical design for a Victorian timber verandah is ™ illustrated (fig. 4.47). Timber verandah floors should be replaced in timber. It is common m practice to replace timber verandah floors with concrete. This is extremely inappropriate, not only for aesthetic reasons, but • because ventilation is cut off to the sub-floor timbers. J Unventilated conditions so caused will result in dry rot in timber framing and encourage rising damp. _
I I I I I I I I I I 86. I I 4.6 SPECIFIC GUIDELINES 4.6.4 VERANDAHS Much of the character of pre 1940 buildings is a result of the I verandah and for this reason it should not be removed or unsympathetically altered (fig. 4.45 and 4.46). I All alterations therefore to VISIBLE verandahs of buildings included in conservation controls to be towards RESTORATION. I However, a great number of verandahs in Richmond have already been removed entirely or, more commonly, modernised with flat roofs, concrete floors, wrought iron panel or steel pipe posts. Careful attention to detail and the matching of this to the period of the I house is essential for effective restoration results. Note particularly that bull-nose verandah roofs were only introduced in the late Victorian period and that turned timber posts are I Edwardian. A typical design for a Victorian timber verandah is illustrated (fig. 4.47). I Timber verandah floors should be replaced in timber. It is common practice to replace timber verandah floors with concrete. This is extremely inappropriate, not only for aesthetic reasons, but because ventilation is cut off to the sub-floor timbers. I Unventilated conditions so caused will result in dry rot in timber framing and encourage rising damp. I I I i i i i i i i i 87. I I I I I I I I Fig. 4.45 Unsuitable verandah detracts from cottage's character I I I I i i i i i i i Fig. 4.46 Similar cottage with original verandah and sympathetic fence. 47 Somerset St. i I 88. I 1 I I I I I I I •V I I I I I I Xt?n* I I 1—_L 1 Fig. 4.47 Typical Timber Verandah suitable for a Victorian House. I 89. I 4.6 SPECIFIC GUIDELINES 4.6.5 FENCES I This is the most consistently inappropriate feature of houses throughout Richmond. Until around 1920, most houses had a front A picket fence. There are still some Edwardian picket fences but • original Victorian picket fences are extremely rare. Unfortunately, instead of being repaired or carefully tt reconstructed, modern brick fences, paling fences, wrought iron • fences and even modular concrete fences have been erected in their place. Another undesirable trend is to build very high fences _ which obliterate the view of the house from the street, although • they do little in terms of traffic noise reduction. * Reconstruction of a fence in an authentic way appropriate to the • style of the house can add greatly to its appeal (fig. 4.48) and V is required for all fence alterations to buildings included in conservation controls. The following illustrations are of timber • pickets and fence designs appropriate to the different building | styles in Richmond (fig. 4.49 to 4.67). WOVEN WIRE FENCES M Introduced in 1910 by Cyclone. It consisted of woven crimped • wire mesh attached to a timber post and rail frame (fig. 4.58, 4.59). By 1930 a system of galvanised pipe rails and posts M was introduced but did not come into wide use until after • 1945. Chain wire mesh was available as early as 1920 and was initially attached to a timber post and rail frame. m IRON PALISADE FENCES * Many examples of this type of fence can be found usually on ^ more substantial late Victorian brick houses or terraces. • These fences have survived well for obvious reasons of durability but are expensive now to duplicate properly. The • following illustrations are included, but for further details | on the repair and replication of this fence type see 'The Old Aussie House' or ' Restoring Old Houses' (op. cit.),(fig. m 4.60 and 4.61.) § CORRUGATED IRON FENCES Very few of these fences survive as front fences but they are • an effective and economical form of front fence. Low P corrugated iron fences should be capped with a weathered timber capping and a timber scotia or ovolo mould beneath ft (fig. 4.62). | Side and rear fences are traditionally in corrugated iron with M either a flat cut or pointed cut top or capped as for • corrugated iron front fences (fig. 4.63 and 4.64). TIMBER PALING FENCES Again, timber palings are a traditional form of side and rear I fencing. The illustrated types are generally appropriate (fig. 4.65, 466). • BRICK FENCES Brick and rendered brick fences became popular around 1930 and « were often combined with wrought iron panels which were • produced by Cyclone (fig. 4.66a) * Fences to new buildings (see p.32). I 90. I I I I I I I Fig. 4.48 An appropriate fence can add greatly to the appearance I of a house, 247 Highett Street. I I I 1918 1939
I Picket styles I I I I I
I f
I Fig. 4.50 Early Victorian picket fence, Richmond (Note iron tiles from early Victorian period) I (See also figs. 4.2 and 4.3) 91. I I I I I
•••--- ^" -r.i.;*ai I Fig. 4.51 Victorianfence,41 Shelley St. I I I I i i
Fig. 4.52 Victorian fence,18 Muir St. i i i i i i i
Fig. 4.53 Victorian fence, Lennox St. i 92. I I I I I I Fig. 4.54 Edwardian picket fence, 97 Kent St. I I I I I I 1 Fig. 4.55 Edwardian picket fence, 21 Mary St. I I I I I I I Fig. 4.56 Edwardian picket fences, 90-92 Coppin St. 93. I I I I I I Fig. 4.57 Inter-War picket fence, 234 Mary St. I I I I I I I Fig. 4.58 Inter-War woven wire fence and hedge, 43 Mary St. I I I I I I
Fig. 4.59 Inter-War woven wire fence, 8 Kennedy St. I 94. I I I I I I I I Fig. 4.60 Late Victorian Iron Palisade Fence, 122 Brighton St. I I intermediate post I shoulder spearhead I I top rail I falling stile mid rail .. pivot hinge I leaded joint I I •footing
I Fig. 4.61 Iron Double Palisade Fence Construction. I I 95.
I Fig. 4.62 Victorian Corrugated Iron Front Fence, 6 Baker St. I I 1
I
Fig. 4.63 Capped Corrugated Iron Side Fence, 234 Mary St. I
Fig. 4.64 Fence Detail, 234 Mary St. I AA/V\ -,..
• ••• ^_^ • .^— ^—• •^ •— 1. «-^ —- -A wii e or loop ron str aps c ptior al 1
^j! Fia 4 66a Brick fence with wrought iron panels 1930's , y 34 Goodwood Street. 97. i ^ > / ^ ^ ^^, •"•v / , > /~\ r-\ i~\ r* -X r | r\ ^ •A r> / P in n ^ rh j -n H i {' 0 T i / ^-T-; / i n' I v. X !//> i 1 <*, ;; • t ^ to' o 1 ! ! j i picket fence detail " s-^ , i 1 I 1 I 1 nr<' r\ 1ni H lH n n i H H n i _ _./_ jij ri-n gate picket profile »>, -I ^ , &At «fol 4&& uJ L - Fig. 4.67 Typical Picket Fence Details. 98. I 4.6 SPECIFIC GUIDELINES I 4.6.6 CARPARKING Richmond was obviously subdivided without consideration for the requirements of carparking. However, the practice of removing I fences, converting whole frontages to access gates, concreting gardens and parking under a tacky lean-to constructed beside or incorporating the verandah is extremely undesirable. It detracts I not only from the individual building but from the appearance of the street as a whole (fig. 4.68 and 4.69) and is therefore not recommended for buildings or areas included under conservation I controls. Car access, where possible, should be off rear lanes or, if the site is small, it should be confined to the street. Parking I regulations should be used to ensure adequate street carparking space. I I I I I I I 4.68 Verandah Inappropriately Converted to a Carport. I 4 Brady St. I I I I I Fig. 4.69 Gates, Concrete and Car I Detract from Cottage. 99. I 4.6 SPECIFIC GUIDELINES 4.6.7 SHOP VERANDAHS I Very few original Victorian and Edwardian shop verandahs remain ft owing largely to Council policy requiring their demolition during • the 1950's and 60's. However, the recognition of the detrimental effect this had on the shops individually (fig 4.70 and 4.71) as M well as the overall streetscape has led to a reversal of this £ policy and the reinstatement of appropriate verandahs is now encouraged by the City of Richmond. All alterations (of more than — 50%) to verandahs of buildings included in conservation controls • are therefore to be towards restoration, unless: ™ The existing verandah, although of a later period than the B shop has individual significance. Q No evidence can be found of the original design. m In the latter case a CONSERVATIVE design approach should be adopted. Completely speculative reconstructions are not ^ recommended. I RESTORATION OF A SHOP VERANDAH Firstly, the period of the shop should be established and • photographs and any other records sought to establish the • verandah type. These fall into three main categories - cast iron, timber and cantilevered. m CAST IRON VERANDAHS ™ These were common on late Victorian and Edwardian period shops fc and generally conform to a standard design (fig. 4.72, 4.73, I 4.74, 4.75). See illustration of the standard cast iron • verandah design for Ballarat which is very similar to Richmond (fig. 4.76 and 4.77). Good examples also exist of cast iron ft verandah reconstructions (fig. 4.78 and 4.79). | TIMBER VERANDAHS ta Not all shop verandahs were of cast iron, particularly in the • earlier Victorian period (fig. 4.80). A typical verandah - reconstruction drawing is shown, although detailing varied _ considerably from one timber verandah to the next (fig. 4.81). • CANTILEVERED AWNING VERANDAHS During the Edwardian period and subsequently, cantilevered M awnings were sometimes used instead of post supported | verandahs. These were supported on wrought iron brackets (fig. 4.82 and fig. 4.83) and tension rods at first. Gradually ^ these were superceded by cantilevers concealed within the I thickness of the lined verandah roof structure. This type of ™ verandah should only be restored to buildings of the associated period. I I I I 100. Fig. 4.70 314, 316 Bridge Rd., 1908 Fig. 4.71 314, 316 Bridge Rd., 1984. Replacement of the shop-fronts, the verandah and the defacing signs have detracted from the original appearance. 101. Fig. 4.76 Cast Iron Verandah on Edwardian Shop, Burnley. Fig. 4.73 Cast Iron Verandah on late Victorian Shop, • 138 Swan Street. • V_-^. ' " . „ * — t i^t^V h-'*'^ Fig. 4.74 Cast Iron rl ks: \ft Verandah on . Victorian Shop Swan St. Note Timber' Edwardian Shopfronts Fig. 4.75 Cast Iron Verandah on Edwardian Shop, Bridge Road. I I 102. I I Lattice sptctd /• more f/na 4 Nuts or Scnw bolts it Intersection*} ^\ Titjapetf in I reuaj I I I I I I I IPnnr 1 . 1 1 J- . f / ;..- / I •*,,• / '"• .' / ''** / *. '*, s k- 14 i*' ' • ;• / : I '•i'*»• .* ^/ It '•'«'*,• /' 01.** J \f, . '• ,' / SL. I .r~r Cr Cfuye Got Cor. /ron. ^ Car " J, Verandahs ELI on — Details 1906 B.C.C verandah drawing — cast iron I Fig. 4.77 Details from Ballaarat City Council Cast Iron Verandah Drawing I 104. I I I I I I Fig. 4.78 Reconstructed Verandah 597, 599 Bridge Rd. I I I I f 11 I I I Fig. 4.79 Reconstructed Verandah, 84 Bridge Rd. I I I I I I I Fig. 4.80 Timber Verandah, Cnr. Bridge Rd. and Church St., c 1858 front elevation * ' side elevation I I detail 2 ntt 4.81 Details of a Timber Victorian Shop Verandah. y '-f 106. Fig. 4.82 ^Edwardian Cantilevered I Awning, 66 Lennox St. I I I I I I I I I Fig. 4.83 Edwardian Cantilever Brackets, 144 Stawell St. 107. I 4.6 SPECIFIC GUIDELINES I 4.6.8 SHOPFRONTS Unfortunately, due to the urge to modernise and a reluctance to I maintain original shopfronts, most have been replaced with ^ unsympathetic modern aluminium windows. However, some examples do • remain. See figs. 4.84 and 4.85. * Original shopfronts such as these and intact shopfronts of I individual merit, from a later period than the building, should be I retained. All alterations to inappropriate shopfronts of buildings included in conservation controls to be towards • RESTORATION. | RESTORATION OF A SHOPFRONT — The period of a shop should be established and investigations • made to find any evidence for the original shopfront. Timber ™ shop windows can be readily reconstructed by a joinery shop accustomed to restoration work, at a comparable price, to I modern shopfronts. Details can be established from • photographs or based on existing shopfronts (fig. 4.95). Metal shopfronts are more difficult to restore as their g components are no longer manufactured. However, a sympathetic shopfront can be made up using a combination of -standard ^ timber sections for the perimeter frame and brass rods at the • corners (fig. 4.93). • Glazed ceramic 150 x 75 tiles are available from tile • companies specialising in restoration work . p Details appropriate for the period of the shopfront should be • carefully established from existing shopfronts and generally are as follows: _ VICTORIAN SHOPFRONTS are characterised by: B Recessed doorways with 60° splayed side(s) (fig. 4.86). • Lambs tongue moulded timber mull ions and frame (fig. 4.95). | Panelled timber or rendered brick stallboards (fig. 4.87). Display shelf inside windows « Panelled doors with bollection moulds (fig. 4.87) • EDWARDIAN SHOPFRONTS typically have: Recessed doorways with splayed side(s) (fig. 4.86). • Timber (figs. 4.75, 4.89, 4.91) or Fine brass mull ions and frame (brass shopfronts were • introduced after 1890) (fig. 4.92) | Large panes of glass Tiled sloping stallboards in 150 x 75mm tiles laid in ^ stretcher bond (fig. 4.89) • Display shelf inside windows * Leadlighted top panels in sinuous Art Nouveau style Glazed and panelled doors (fig. 4.90) • I 108. I I 4.6 SPECIFIC GUIDELINES I 4.6.8 SHOPFRONTS (Cont'd) INTER WAR SHOPFRONTS differed from Edwardian shopfronts in the I following respects: Mull ions and frames are usually nickel or chrome plated brass Tiles are usually small and square (75 x 75mm) and stallboards I are generally not sloped (figs. 4.96 and 4.97) Leadlighting is of a more geometric style (fig. 4.97) Doors are fully glazed or panelled in 1920's-30's style (figs. I 4.96 and 4.97). I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 109. Fig. 4.84 Victorian Shopfront, 330 Burnley St. I I I I I Fig. 4..85 Victorian Corner Shopfront 4.86 Some typical Victorian I 69 Balmain St. Shopfront layouts. I I 110. I I I I I I I I D D D I D I I I I I I I I I I Fig 4.87 Some typical Stall Board and Door Details for I Victorian Shops. 111 Fig. 4.88 Late Victorian Shopfront, 144 Bridge Rd (Door is inappropriate) Fig. 4.90 Detail of Fig. 4.89 Fig. 4.91 Detail of fig 4.89 Fig. 4.89 Timber Edwardian Shopfront 185 Canterbury Rd, Canterbury (see Fig. 4.75 for same type) 112. I I I I I I Fig. 4.92 Bfass Edwardian Shopfront, 334 Bridge Rd. ,,""^^^T1** 7 r""^**-' Y —g"-V' j v " ".• ~ Fig. 4.93 Sympathetic 'Edwardian1 Shopfront made up of I standard components, Theatre Place Canterbury. I I I I I i I I Fig 4.94 Reinstated Timber Victorian shopfront, 84 Bridge Rd. 113. 0 3 (0 Ufc. I •py 96pug ••s •py a6pug XXXXXXXX 115. I 4.6 SPECIFIC GUIDELINES I 4.6.9 ADVERTISING SIGNS Advertising signs have become one of the greatest desecrators of | the urban environment. Not content with saturation commercials on radio, TV and via letterboxing, advertisers are now defacing whole • buildings with garish and unsightly displays. This practice must I be prevented before whole streetscapes become unsightly continuous * hoardings (figs. 4.98, 4.99 and 4.100). This is in marked contrast to early signwriting. Although Richmond I had a fine display of nineteenth century signs and lettering, very few examples remain today. These few signs should be retained • (fig. 4.101'). ) From such fragmentary examples, it is not possible to appreciate _ the types and variety of signs and lettering used in Richmond • during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Old photographs, * however, are a rich source of information (figs. 4.102 to 4.107). It is evident from these photographs that effective advertising I can be achieved without obliterating the architectural features of • a building or the form of a streetscape. Similar effects can be achieved by adhering to the following guidelines which are • summarised mainly from the National Trust Technical Bulletin 2.1, J Lettering and Signs on Buildings, C.1850-1900. APPLICATION OF ADVERTISING GUIDELINES I A permit is required for all new advertising signs in • Conservation Areas or on buildings included under conservation controls. These signs will need to follow these guidelines in • terms of design, colour, materials, size and location. | LETTERING STYLE Most early signs are in simple bold capital • letters and are notable for their legibility. Elaborate and | fussy letter styles, although commonly misunderstood as being typically Victorian (particularly Gothic) were in fact very _ rarely used. The use of florid or exotic faces should • therefore be restricted to where there is surviving evidence ^ of such lettering having been used on the particular building being repainted. The most common faces are listed in order of • frequency of use with Grotesque Sans Serif by far the most | popular (fig. 4.108). SHADED LETTERS were regularly used, generally with the shading I angled downwards at 45° to the horizontal. Usually only one — part of the sign, such as the owner's name, might be so shaded. • MIXED FACES While only capital letters were commonly used, a variety of different letter styles might be used in the same • sign. I DECORATIVE SCROLLWORK was also not used as frequently as is _ popularly thought. The use of such scrollwork today looks I contrived and out of place, much the same as reproduction • Victorian ornamentation would look on a modern building. Modern signs, although they should be sympathetic to their I context, should be genuinely modern and not include such inappropriate detail. I 116, I I 4.6 SPECIFIC GUIDELINES I 4.6.9 ADVERTISING SIGNS (Cont'd) COLOUR Sign colours should be within the following range: OFF WHITE RICH BROWN BRUNSWICK GREEN I CREAM DARK BROWN PRUSSIAN BLUE LIGHT STONE DARK RED BLACK I LIGHT STONE CHROME GREEN SILVER Fluorescent paint is extremely inappropriate. I LIGHTING Signs painted on metal or timber panels and exterally illuminated with spotlights are preferred to a flat plastic sign with internal fluorescent tubes. I SIGN LOCATION Evidence indicates that all locations of shop- fronts were used for signwriting, although not all at once. Typically, only one sign occurred on the upper part of the I window, perhaps with a white stippled background or on the panel above the window. I Exterior signs elsewhere were painted on the surface of the building or on painted timber or painted flat ganvanised iron sheets. Generally these signs were defined by a border or an edge moulding so that the sign is differentiated from the I building. The following locations are recommended as suitable for I Richmond commercial buildings (fig. 4.110, 4.111) and fences (fig. 4.109). I SIZE Quite large letter sizes are evident from the photographs, however, these are always well scaled to fit comfortably into the architectural sign field. I Signs on the sides of buildings are painted on the brickwork, not onto hoardings, and hoardings on verandahs are generally I no greater than 600mm high. Sky signs were not used. I I I I I I 117. r- Fig. 4.98 Before, 314 and 316 Bridge Road, 1908. Fig. 4.99 After Defacement by Signwriting. Note lettering straying over pilasters, painted out window openings and obliteration of original brick finish. I 118. I *Farah pants fit no matterwhat shape you're in. I i i I Alexanders Alexanders i t i I i i i i i i i I i i Fig. 4.100 Examples of Slgnwriting Defacement 119. 316 Bridge Rd 138 Swan St. I 1 I MON.*•*.. _i T * DE - & DEPOSIT 1 SWAN ST BRANCH -t I I Fig. 4.101 Some examples of Remaining Early Signs in Richmond. I 120. CRAIHER'CUZIER PAPERH ANGER &c ESTIMATES GIVEN FOR GENERAL jffiHSS J.W.CIPSON PAINTER 34.SWAMS*. RICHMOND 1 I Fig. 4.102. 34 Swan St. I I i i I i i Fig. 4.103. Swan St. (opposite National Bank) demolished 121 WORKjgONE Fig. 4.104. Bridge Rd. I 1 I GmH.BENNEfT paop! I I 1 I I I Fig. 4.105 . Inter War Sign Scheme, 265 Swan St. I I r b m s — - \' ; **^+*onx , • C C ~ ' ~' ^S ! 1 R , 1 N' :> I .,.„„_,:,, ,j: 1 Al.„,,:..^ j fci«»rum^ 1 I Sr PASTRYCOOK I LM1SHAEL I ASHIONABLETAlLOR I 1 I 5B Swan Street. (demolished) 233 Lennox St. (demolished) I [Similar to 219 Swan St.] -»-» V L A k. h :li.. IIHIII- i'f III" ..n\l.|l«1ni|. li I «••! i".: n. :-...! ... • i- .mi nr«1 II o I''•••-! i» M"ll..>iiriii' KIH! Kii'mrliH il •. •• ' 'v .nittiil itj|.'.— i ,;..;t.;';..'« I ggr^7>im.;f I I I I I I I :',.' \VlNTi:i: S IN ALL UKI'AKTMIONTS NO\V ^'1O\ I T U K I' »> N*. s;\v A M ST it K KT. H I *: 95-97 Swan St. (75 Swan St., 1891) 212 Swan St. (demolished] I Fig. 4.106 EARLY SIGN SCHEMES. 123. 235-CHEAP PAPERHANGINCS.-235 Post Cards Piro Atteuded Tt : - A l.!r::::!!!::;:::!:-:;iir:!::«:i»:" *: «»f ]::;:::./ :-:.•:.:.::. "'^aSKl^'^"'il!—" >Mi' ""i! ()-:±gjjfiS^ •^^Mikpi^ -i a^MANCN^LC 235 Bridge Rd. 149 Swan St. Fin. 4.107 Early Sign Schemes 123, 125 Swan St. I I 124. I I I Grotesque Sans Serif I I Ionic (Fat Clarendon) I 1 I Egyptian (Antique) ' - , f Jf ,.'-.' > ' jl «„ .-. '*' "" -, __., i ^-.,.-r. r" I . .. ^ , , - . ; fff.. _. ._.^ _^_,.^. A. !ff-- T.1'^"- ^ I Tuscan I I Fat Face I 1ITVI CUfi J¥L iTV K I Grotesque Sans Serif Compressed I EffERAL BLAr.KSMITl I I Fig. 4.108 Appropriate Lettering Styles for Signs. I I 125. Signs on houses should be located on the fence. Max sign size 600mmx450mm nnnrr'-1 n MM A- «H Mn I I ilu a Fig. 4.109 Appropriate Locations for Signs on Fences. Blocking course above a cornice Frieze panel below cornice no lettering) I I I I I Fascia or frieze panel above the ground floor 1 I 1 1 Fig. 4.110 Appropriate Locations for Signs on Commercia-1 Buildings. I 126. I I I I I I I I 1 I Fig. 4.111 Appropriate bcations for Signs on Shop Verandah I ["BEEHIVE HOTEL 1 I PAG E'S ROYAL HOTEL I J L _J L I I I I Note that signs should always I be symmetrical. I Fig. 4.112 Appropriate Sign Layouts. I 127. I 4.6 SPECIFIC GUIDELINES 4.6.10 STREETWORKS I All streetworks alterations to be towards restoration in ft conservation area's. Elsewhere the approach should be • CONSERVATIVE. STREETPLANTING Only a few streets and areas now retain avenues • of mature trees. These include Elm Street,. Highett Street (east), The Vaucluse, Barkly Gardens, Bridge Road to Burnley — Park walkway and the Burnley Horticultural Gardens. All these • areas have in common a unique quality of environment only such • planting can provide (fig. 4.113, 4.114, 4.115). Many other streets in Richmond have had similar avenues | removed, such as Stanley Street, while others have been planted with inappropriate native shrubs which will never A achieve the shade, scale and historic and landscape quality of • the original exotic or exotic looking species. Based on remnant species in Richmond and on planting in other similar fc areas the following trees are recommended in order of • preference: ™ English Elm Ulmus Procera Dutch Elm Ulmus x hollandica I London Plane Platanus x acerifolia • Oriental Plane Platanus Oriental is • Pin Oak Quercus Palustris ™ Silky Oak Grevillea Robusta (native) fe Desert Ash Fraximus Oxycarpa (Inter-War areas) Pepper Tree Schinus Molle (Parks) I The planting of inappropriate native species, although ft fashionable, should be discouraged in historic urban areas • such as Richmond. Where streets are too narrow for avenue planting and islands | have been created by modern streetworks, the planting of single trees in each island would do much to soften the _ intrusion of such works and would enhance the overall • streetscape. ™ ROADWORKS The nineteenth century character of Richmond's streets ft depends significantly on the unifying asphalt finish, articulated by bluestone kerbing and channelling and these features should be retained, particularly in Conservation Areas (fig. 4.116). I I I 128. I I 4.6 SPECIFIC GUIDELINES I 4.6.10 STREETWORKS ROADWORKS (Cont'd) There has been a growing recognition by some councils of the advantages of retaining bluestone kerb and gutters as they I absorb some of the surface run off as well as helping street trees resist drought periods. Modern trends in street design should not be applied to Richmond without due consideration. I It is inconsistent to require private individuals to conform to conservation controls if the municipality is introducing inappropriate modern streetworks without regard to the I historic context of an area. Asphalt is the most appropriate finish for both roadways and footpaths and the expensive modern alternatives, currently I popular, of brickpaving and concrete interlocking blocks should be avoided. I In addition, a few residential streets, notably the Vaucluse, have brick gutters and large bluestone spoon drains and it is recommended that these contributory elements be retained (fig. I 4.117). STREET FURNITURE All original items of street furniture such as bluestone bollards and cast iron gas light bases etc. should I be retained and restored by the Council (fig. 4.118 and 4.119). Bench seats should have timber slats and wrought iron ends (fig- 4.120) to fit in with predominantly Victorian I streetscapes. Cast iron ends to be used only where a precedent for the design can be established. Such small items as appropriate litter bins can also do much I to enhance an overall effect (fig. 4.121). STREET LIGHTING If in certain locations original light standards 1 are to be reinstated, then the design should be copied from the original (fig. 4.116, 4.119 and 4.122). Romantic interpretations look inauthentic and should not be used. Generally, plain modern street lighting is appropriate, I provided excessive height, long cantilever arms, high intensity lighting levels and sodium lights are avoided. Light levels should be low and the lights spaced as far apart I as possible, consistent with previous requirements and public safety. I I I I I 129. I I I I I I I I I I Fig. 4.113 Avenue of Elms, The Vaucluse. I I 1 I I I I I Fig. 4.114 Avenue of Planes, Elm St. i I Fig. 4.115 Elm Grove, pre 1900 y—I Wo 131. Fig. 116 Richmond Terrace, c. 1900 Note footpath and gutter finishes and qas street light. Fig.117 Brick Gutter, The Vaucluse. 132. I I I I I I I Fig. 4.118 Original Bluestone Bollard, Firebell Lane. I I I I I I I I I I Fig. 4.119 Original Gas Street Light Base, I Cnr.Lennox and York Street. I I 133. I I I I I I Fig 4.120 Appropriate I Bench Seat I I I I I . 4.121 .Appropriate-. Litter Bin I I I I I I I Fig. 4.122 Original Gas Street Light 316 Church St, 1873. I 134. I 4.7 RESTORATION BIBLIOGRAPHY GENERAL CONSTRUCTION AND BACKGROUND TEXTS CARPENTRY AND JOINERY ADDY, S 0 Evolution of the English house MOWATT, W and A £ treatise on stair-bunding E P Publishing Ltd; London; 1975 I and handrail ing George Bell; London; 1900 AUDSLEY, W J and G A Cottage, lodge and villa NEWLANDS, J The carpenter and Joiner's assistant architecture William Mackenzie; London; 1870 Blackie and son; London; 1880 I BURN, R S Colonists' and emigrants' handbook of RIDDELL, R The carpenter and joiner, stair builder the mechanical artsWilliam Blackwood and Sons; and handrailer Thomas Jack; Edinburgh; 1870" Edinburgh;H554" CAST IRON EYLAND. E S. LIGHTBODY, F and BURN. R S I Working drawings and designs 1n architecture OWEN, MICHAEL Antique cast iron Blandford Press; A Fullarton; Edinburgh; 1866 Poole. Dorset; 1977 HADDON, ROBERT Australian architecture ROBERTSON. E. GRAEME, and JOAN Cast iron decoration; George Robertson and Co.; Melbourne; 1905 1 A world survey Thames and Hudson; Melbourne; 1977 HERMAN, MORTON me Blackets: »n era of CERAMICS AND ARCHITECTURAL POTTERY Australian architectureAngus and Robertson; Sydney; HJB3 BOURRY, E Treatise on the ceramic industries Scott, Greenwood and Co.; London; 1901 KIUCER, F Building- construction and superintendence William T Cornstock;New York; 1896 FLETCHER, VALENTINE Chimney pots and_stacks Centaur Press; Frontwell, Sussex; 1968 MURPHY. SHIRLEY (ed.) Our homes and how to make them healthy Cassell; London; 1883 Lead!ess decorative tiles, faience and mosaic W J Furnivall; Stone, Staffordshire; 1904 NANGLE. JAMES Australian building practice G Robertson; Melbourne; 1900. LEFEVRE, L Architectural pottery Scott, Greenwood [subsequently various editions published by and Co.; London; 1900" William Brooks and Co through to 1946.] SEARLE, A B An encyclopaedia of the ceramic industries, vols 1-3 Ernest Benn Limited; PREVOST, R A Australian bungalow and cottage home London; 1929-30 designs The NSW Bookstall Co. Ltd; 1912 ROBSON, G Modern domestic building construction Visit to the Fowler Potteries, Marrickvllle, A Batsford; London; 1876 R Fowler Ltd; Sydney; circa 1935 SEDDON, H Builders' work and the building trades CHIMNEYS AND FIREPLACES vols 1-8 R1v1ngtons; London; 1889 ARNOTT, N On the smokeless fireplace Longman, SUTCLIFFE, G LISTER Principles and practice of Brown, Green and Longmans; London; 1855 modern house construction Gresham Publishing; London; 1909 CHRISTIE, W W Chimney design and theory D Van Nostrand, New York/E and F N Spoon, TUTHILL, W The suburban cottage, Its design and London; 1899 construction William T Corns lock; New York; 1885 FLETCHER, VALENTINE Chimney pots and stacks Centaur Press; Fontwell, Sussex; 1968 PUTNAM, J P The open fireplace James Osgood; Boston; 1881 GLASS CALLINGHAM, J Sign writing and glass embossing RISING DAMP S1mpk1n. Marshall and CoT; London; 1871 HEIMAN, J, WATERS, E and MCTAGGART, R 'The GICK, JAMES E Creating with stained glass treatment of rising damp', Architectural G1ck Publishing Inc.; Laguna Hills, Science Review, vol 16 Research Publications; California; 1976 Melbourne;December, 1973 MCGRATH, R and FROST. C Glass In architecture Information about masonry treatments Dow Corning and decoration Architectural Press; London; 1937 Australia Pty. Ltd; Sydney; 1975 Technical Bulletin LOCKS AND KEYS MCTAGGART, R and ARMSTRONG, L 'Rising Damp'. CHUBB, JOHN On the construction of locks and keys Rebuild, vol 1, no 5 Division of Building W Clowes and Sons; London; 1850 Research, CSIRO; Highett, Vic.; October. 1976 Encyclopaedia of locks and builders' hardware Maintaining and restoring masonry Halls Joslah Parkes and Sons Ltd; Wlllenhall, National Trust of Australia (NSW); Sydney; 1978 England; 1958 Slllcone impregnation to cure rising damp TOWNE, H R Locks and builders' hardware Dow Corning Australia Pty Ltd; Sydney; John Wiley and Sons; New York; 1904 circa 1970 135. H.7 RESTORATION BIBLIOGRAPHY (Cont'd) I PAINTING RESTORATION GENERALLY (CONT'D) I EATON, C H Painting and decorating, vols 1 and 2 Pitman; London; 1929 LUCAS, CLIVE Conservation and restoration of buildings Australian Council of National GEESON, A Practical painter and decorator Trusts; Sydney; 1978 Virtue; London; 1937 I Maintaining and restoring masonry walls HOBBS, E W Practical graining and marbling National Trust of Australia (NSW); Sydney; Foul sham; London; 1953 1978 HURST, G H Painters' colours, oils and varnishes Notes on the preservation and maintenance of I Griffin; London; 1892 old buildingsNational Trust of Australia (NSW); Sydney; 1965 JENNINGS, A S Paint and colour mixing Spon; London; 1921 Renovating a Federation style house National Trust of Australia (NSU); Sydney; 1978 I PETRIE, J Practical arts of graining and marbling Trade Papers Publishing Co. Ltd; London; 1905 FORGE, SUZANNE Victorian splendour; Australian interior decoration 1837-1901 SAVAGE, W L Graining and marbling Austin Rogers Oxford University Press; 1981 I and Co.; London; 1925 STAPLETON. IAN The old Aussie house SMITH, J C The manufacture of paint Scott, John Fairfax Marketing; 1983 Greenwood and Co.; London; 1901 TANNER, HOWARD Restoring old Australian houses I TERRY, G Pigments, paint and painting Spon; and buildings London; TB93 PLASTER I BURN, R S The new guide to masonry, bricklaying and plasteringJohn G Murdoch; London; 1868-72 VERRALL, W The modern plasterer Caston; London; circa 1930 I VERRALL, W Plastering (reprinted from Brickwork concret" e and masonry) Pitman; London; circa I RESTORATION GENERALLY BRAUN, HUGH S The restoration of old houses I Faber and Faber Limited; London; 1954 BULLOCK, 0 M The restoration manual Silvermine Publishers; Norwalk, Connecticut; I 1966 EVANS, IAN The Australian Home The Flannel Flower Press; 1983 I EVANS, IAN Restoring old houses MacMillan; 1979 EVANS, IAN LUCAS, CLIVE and STAPLETON. IAN Colour schemes for old Australian houses I The Flannel Flower Press; 1984 INSALL, D W The care of old buildings Architects' Journal, for the Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings; London; 1958 I I This bibliography is largely reproduced from: 1 Evans, Ian Restoring old houses, Macmillan 1979 I I I 136. I j.o APPENDICES I 5.1 AUTHORITIES INVOLVED IN CONSERVATION CONTROLS OVER BUILDINGS AND AREAS. I I t— =3 ee ^ xi ai vi oi cTj I r- C U .* h- «t — 1 Q£ e « ID C fc- z < UJ U A3 P VI C 4J ** Z o z t— c i- 01 -M > O 1— 40 0 CUV) 3 33 ^ »/'» 1 — i— t tO •— • cj JZ f- t- .C VI •— k. O w y 1— 3 O 1 o VI 1— UJ •Si •- 5 i 1 i C (J > VI I 1.-1 z M I ot- 1 —i CJ U XI k. 1-^ 4 X- 0 C +J 01 i— O M- ID C 4-> C UJ CO t— ~ oj i— o LJ z ro i— k. o> E a k. •<- M Z O Ul CO lis ID 01 C E O *» •^ jj tt O —i en am P I/I C k. k. C >— I i-iZ o z UJ — J *-i i. i- C f- O O P UJ O U-O t— UJ O. C 1C > V- •«- 6 0 " to"~ «< Uj co ce. tf Z Cu UJ J3 « XI to »— i U CO z ceo UJ UJ 10 o D. I z VI Ol l- =3 Z§ o U Ql CO 01 XI • f- E J3 • o: 2to C 1- C C > P E U •t- i- ^- O « O XI 1- U 4J •s. £§ CO CO L. VI P • O <-> it- i 1- 10 t- E Oi en o c c 01 K- 1C VI ce; (/> "*- O O C f— U k. C XI VI r- Ol XI • I o »—( o o ce P ID C Ol P C •r- 10 r- C VI I— O£ t— i-i Z UJ VI 4-1 u. • LJ z t— 0 H- Z 0 ^ UJ UJ _J C_) —1 O CJ r~- ^^ ^~ to < z ^C •' UJ C5 o I •"•* UJ _l o O I— *~i UJ UJ CO £ cc z to z o cc UJ CJ z z to o > UJ O Q o 1—1 l/l I— -o LJ- < h- «I I 0 137. I 5.1 AUTHORITIES INVOLVED IN CONSERVATION CONTROLS OVER BUILDINGS AND AREAS (CONT'D). I 5.1.1 THE AUSTRALIAN HERITAGE COMMISSION (NATIONAL ESTATE REGISTER). The Australian Heritage Commission is the Comonweal th Government's I advisory body on all matters relating to the National Estate. Amongst its other functions, the Commission prepares a register of the National Estate. This register is intended to be a • comprehensive official catalogue of all places of heritage value • in Australia and includes natural areas, aboriginal places and historic structures and areas. Unlike the Historic Buildings • Register, the Register of the National Estate embraces buildings || both privately and publicly owned. Also, since it is primarily an inventory only, listing on the Register of the National Estate M places no legal restrictions on the actions of local authorities, • private corporations or individuals. * Approval of works is only required if the building/area is owned fl| by the Commonwealth or if works are funded by the Commonwealth. • 5.1.2 THE HISTORIC BUILDINGS COUNCIL (HISTORIC BUILDINGS REGISTER) • The Historic Buildings Council is a statutory authority established under the Historic Buildings Act, 1974 to identify, ^ and find ways to retain and preserve buildings and objects that • are of historic or architectural importance. * The Council assesses the historic and/or architectural importance fl| of buildings submitted to it for appraisal. Those that are found • to be of importance on a State wide basis may be recommended to the Minister for Planning and Environment for listing on the M Historic Buildings Register. When a building has been added to the Register, the Council maintains control over alterations or demolition through its I permit issuing powers. The Council has power also to recommend to the Government various M forms of financial assistance to enable the owners of historic 9 buildings to retain and maintain them and to ensure that they are economically viable. • The Historic Buildings Council aims to promote an awareness of the value of significant buildings among owners and the community at fc large and to encourage preservation through advice and technical • and financial assistance. The permit process is a means to this • end. Owners of designated buildings are required to apply for a permit to I carry out any alterations to the building, but are also eligible to apply for financial assistance in restoring the building to H.B.C. requirements. m 5.1.3 HISTORIC BUILDINGS COUNCIL (GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS REGISTER) * The Historic Buildings (Amendment) Act 1983 requires the Council tt to assess the historic and/or architectural importance of government buildings submitted to it for appraisal. If approved, the building is recommended for inclusion on the Government Buildings Register. I I 138 I The Act provides control over Government buildings only and includes any building on Crown Land, or land vested in any I Minister of the Crown or public authority. The relevant public authority is obliged to obtain a permit for I any works affecting the external appearance of the building. 5.1.4 Melbourne and Metropolitan Board of Works (MELBOURNE METROPOLITAN I PLANNING SCHEME) and (Richmond Planning Scheme). Clause 8B of the Town and Country Act (Third Schedule) provides legislation for the protection of areas and has been incorporated I in the Melbourne Metropolitan Planning Scheme in the form of Division 3B of the Ordinance and Conservation Area map "overlays". I Conservation controls have, as a result, been established in areas of special significance within the municipalities of Brunswick, Collingwood, Fitzroy, Melbourne, Port Melbourne, Richmond, South I Melbourne, St. Kilda and Williamstown. The areas designated contain some of Melbourne's earliest residential, commercial and industrial buildings, as well as the major metropolitan I parks and boulevards. The new controls are not designed to stop development, but to ensure that it will add to and not detract I from the character of these areas. Within an URBAN CONSERVATION AREA NO. 1, which includes areas of significant architectural and historic character, a permit will be required for the demolition, external alteration or decoration of I buildings and works and the construction of new buildings and works. I Within an URBAN CONSERVATION AREA NO. 2, which includes the areas surrounding the boulevards and parks, and the parks themselves, a permit will be required for the construction of new buildings and I works to ensure that they are sympathetic to their surroundings. In both areas a permit will be required for all advertising signs I and for subdivision. Further amendments to the Melbourne Metropolitan Planning Scheme I will increase these areas. A further Amendment to the planning scheme is being prepared to provide protection for individual buildings outside designated I Urban Conservation Areas under Clause 8 of the Town and Country Planning Act (Third Schedule). I I I I I 139. | 5.1.5 THE NATIONAL TRUST OF AUSTRALIA (VIC.) The National Trust is a voluntary organization with some 20,000 • members in Victoria. It does not provide controls over historic buildings or areas. Formed in 1956 it pioneered the tt identification and preservation of significant building and has • now extended the scope of its classification system beyond buildings to include gardens and landscapes of significance. The — Trust is actively engaged in community debate over conservation • issues and frequently makes representation in the planning process ™ which has led to a high public profile . The Trust also provides some limited advice, through its staff, on urban conservation issues. • I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 1 140. 5.2 GRAPHIC DOCUMENTATION SOURCES 1 1.1 Authors 1.2 Ibid 1.3 Ibid 1 1.4 Ibid 1.5 Ibid 1 1.6 Ibid 1.7 Ibid 1.8 Ibid 1 2.1 Lands Department, Central Plan Office 2.2 Authors, compiled from Parish Map 1 2.3 Latrobe Library picture collection 2.4 Latrobe Library map collection 2.5 Latrobe Library picture collection 1 2.6 Ibid 2.7 Ibid 1 2.8 Authors, compiled from 1855 Magee map 2.9 Latrobe Library picture collection 2.10 Victorian Contractors' and Builders' Price Book, 1859 1 2.11 Latrobe Library picture collection 2.12 Ibid 1 2.13 Lands Department, Central Plan Office 2.14 Latrobe Library picture collection 2.15 Latrobe Library map collection 1 2.16 Ibid 2.17 Lewis, Nigel Development of Richmond into an Urban Area and Social Structure Melbourne University School of Architecture Investigation Programme 1974, p. 14. 2.18 Ibid p. 15 1 2.19 Ibid p. 17 2.20 Latrobe Library map collection 1 141. 1 3.1 Authors 1 3.2 Ibid 1 4.1 Authors 4.2 Richmond Historical Society 1 4.3 Mrs. Kitty Gahan, Great grand-daughter of Alexander McCrae 4.4 Authors 4.5 Richmond Historical Society 1 4.6 Casey, Maie Early Melbourne Architecture 1840-1888 p. Ill 1 4.7 Authors 4.8 Latrobe Library picture collection 1 4.9 Authors 1 4.10 Ibid 4.11 Ibid 1 4.12 Richmond Historical Society 4.13 Authors 4.14 Authors 1 4.15 Casey, Maie Early Melbourne Architecture 1840-1888 4.16 Authors 1 4.17 Richmond Historical Society 4.18 Authors 1 4.19 Ibid IV^B 4.20 Ibid 4.21 Ibid 1 4.22 Ibid 4.23 Ibid 1 4.24 Ibid 1 4.25 Ibid " 1 1 1 142, 4.26 Ibid 1 4.27 Ibid 4.28 Ibid 1 4.29 Ibid 1 4.30 Ibid 4.31 Ibid 1 4.32 Ibid 4.33 Ibid 1 4.34 Ibid 1 4.35 Ibid 4.36 National Trust Technical Bulletin 1.1 External Paint Colours 4.37 Evans, Ian et. al . (Colour Schemes for Old Australian Houses pp 46-47. 1 4.38 Authors 1 4.39 Ibid 4.40 Ibid 1 4.41 Ibid 4.42 Ibid 1 4.43 Stapleton, Ian The Old Aussie House p. 36 4.44 Burke, Keast Gold and Silver, Photographs of Australian Goldfields from the Hoi tennann 1w Collection illust.20. 1 4.45 Authors 4.46 Ibid 1 4.47 Ibid 4.48 Ibid 4.49 Stapleton, Maisy et al . Identifying Australian Houses 1 4.50 Richmond Historical Society 4.51 Authors 1 4.52 Ibid 1 1 43. 1 4.53 Ibid 4.54 Ibid 1 4.55 Ibid 4.56 Ibid 4.57 Ibid 1 4.58 Ibid 4.59 Ibid 1 4.60 Ibid 4.61 Stapleton, Ian The Old Aussie House p. 90 4.62 Authors 1 4.63 Ibid 4.64 Ibid 1 4.65 Ibid 4.66 Ibid 4.67 Ibid 1 4.68 Ibid 4.69 Ibid 1 4.70 Richmond Historical Society 4.71 Authors 4.72 Latrobe Library Picture Collection 1 4.73 Ibid 4.74 Ibid 1 4.75 Ibid 4.76 Ballaarat City Council Standard Cast Iron Verandah 1 Drawings (1906) reproduced from the Ballarat Conservation Guidelines by Jacobs, Lewis, Vines p. 13. 1 4.77 Ibid 4.78 Authors 1 4.79 Ibid 4.80 Richmond Historical Society 1 1 1 1 144. 1 4.81 Authors 4.82 Ibid 1 4.83 Ibid 1 4.84 Ibid 4.85 Ibid 1 4.86 Excerpts from Beechworth Historical Reconstruction • Study by George Tibbits et al . pp. 19-30. 1 4.87 Ibid 4.88 Authors 1 4.89 Ibid 4.90 Ibid 4.91 Ibid 1 4.92 Ibid 4.93 Ibid 1 4.94 Ibid 4.95 Excerpts from Beechworth Historical Reconstruction 1 Study by George Tibbits et al . p. 33. 4.96 Authors 1 4.97 Ibid 4.98 Richmond Historical society 1•V 4.99 Authors 1 4.100 Ibid 4.101 Ibid 1 4.102 Latrobe Library Picture Collection 4.103 Ibid 1w 4.104 Ibid 1 4.105 Ibid 4.106 Ibid 1 4.107 Ibid 4.108 National Trust Technical Bulletin 2.1, Lettering and 1 Signs on Buildings C1850-1900 1 145. I 4.109 Ibid 4.110 Ibid I 4.111 Ibid 4.112 Ibid I 4.113 Richmond Historical Society • 4.114 Authors 4.115 Ibid I 4.116 Ibid 4.117 Ibid I 4.118 Ibid I 4.119 Ibid 4.120 Ibid I 4.121 Latrobe Library Picture Collection 4.122 Ibid I I I I I I I I I I I I I 146. I 5.3 BIBLIOGRAPHY I BOOKS AND MANUSCRIPTS Boyd, Robin The Walls Around Us Melb. 1982. I Burke, Keast Gold & Silver, Photographs of Australian GjcTldfields from the Holterman Collection I Melb. 1974. Casey, Male et al, ed. Early Melbourne Architecture 1840-88 Melb. 1953. I Curr, E.M. Recollections of Squatting In Victoria Melb. 1883. I Davison, Graeme ed. Melbourne on Foot Melb. 1980. de Serville, Paul Port Phillip Gentlemen Melb. 1980. I Evans, Ian Restoring Old Houses Melb. 1979. Garryowen, The Chronicles of Early Melbourne 1835-52 Melb. 1888. I Grant & Serle, The Melbourne Scene 1803-1956 Melb. 1978. Jacobs Lewis Vines, Ballarat Conservation Guidelines I Melb. 1981. I Labi Hi ere Early History of Victoria London 1878. Lucas, Clive et al., Colour Schemes for Old Australian Houses Sydney, 1984. I Lewis, Nigel Development of Richmond into an Urban Area and Social Structure Melbourne University School of I Architecture Investigation Programme, 1974. McCrae, Hugh ed. Georgiana's Journal Melb. 1934. I Morris-Nunn, Miranda ed. Journal of the Australian Garden History Society 1931 No. 2. National Trust of Australia Technical Bulletin 1.1 External I Paint Colours on Buildings C1850- 1900. I Newnham W., ed. Victoria Illustrated 1857 to 1862 Melb. 1971. Springall R.C. Analysis of Richmond's Change from a Residential I to an Industrial Environment during the 19th Century Melbourne University. Dept! of Geography, 1972. I Stapleton, Ian The Old Aussie House Sydney, 1984. Stapleton, Maisy et al. Identifying Australian Houses Historic I Houses Trust booklet, Sydney, 1980. I 147. I 5.3 BIBLIOGRAPHY (CONT'D). I Stirling, Alfred Old Richmond Melb. 1979. | Tibbits, George et al. Beechworth Historical Reconstruction _ Study 1977. • White, J.U. Early Residents & Property Owners in Richmond Unpublished notes held at the Richmond Historical • Society, 1979. | NEWSPAPERS AND PERIODICALS Port Phillip Gazette I Port Phillip Partriot Richmond Australian • Richmond Guardian • Table Talk Post Office Directories • MAPS All maps are held at the Latrobe Library - • Green, William 1853 Map of Melbourne and Suburbs from Government plans and private • survey. I Magee, John Steel 1855 Municipal Map of Richmond • drawn from Hodgkinson survey. J Kearney, James 1855 Lands Dept. map of Richmond ^ from James Kearney survey. • Noone, J. 1865 Lands Dept. map of Burnley allotments drawn from J. Noone survey. Whitehead & Co., E. 1874 Map of Melbourne and suburbs • compiled and published by I E. Whitehead & Co. Allen & Tuxen 1888 Map of Melbourne and suburbs I by Allen and Tuxen. • Unfilled Map of Richmond c!921. • Miscellaneous Subdivision Maps CITY OF RICHMOND ARCHIVES | Ratebooks From 1857 onwards ^ Index of builders, owners From 1893 onwards • and buildings Magee, John Steel 1855 Municipal Map of Richmond drawn from Hodgkinson survey. 1 VI "e5^£ => •o xj i/i 2 i 10 C • C XI ID P4JXI _) c c, •£ * •>- 0» >» Ol C U to «3 1 LI O.4J E 3 _l i- => £ c oi t- E <*• i= c vi E £ in to 10