DOCSLIB.ORG

Pipestone National Monument Geologic Resources Inventory Report

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Pipestone National Monument Geologic Resources Inventory Report Natural Resource Report NPS/NRSS/GRD/NRR—2017/1512 George Catlin wrote of his journey to Pipestone: “For many miles we had the Coteau in view in the distance before us, which looked like a blue cloud settling down in the horizon . On the very top of this mound or ridge, we found the far-famed quarry or fountain of the Red Pipe, which is truly an anomaly in nature. The principal and most striking feature of this place, is a perpendicular wall of close-grained, compact quartz, of twenty-five and thirty feet in elevation, running nearly North and South with its face to the West, exhibiting a front of nearly two miles in length, when it disappears at both ends by running under the prairie . At the base of this wall there is a level prairie, of half a mile in width, running parallel to it; in any and all parts of which, the Indians procure the red stone for their pipes, by digging through the soil and several slaty layers of the red stone, to the depth of four or five feet. From the very numerous marks of ancient and modern diggings or excavations, it would appear that this place has been for many centuries resorted to for the red stone; and from the great number of graves and remains of ancient fortifications in its vicinity, it would seem, as well as from their actual traditions, that the Indian tribes have long held this place in high superstitious estimation; and also that it has been the resort of different tribes, who have made their regular pilgrimages here to renew their pipes.” (Quote from the Smithsonian website below, citing Truettner 1979 and Gurney and Heyman 2002) ON THE COVER George Catlin’s 1836 painting Pipestone Quarry on the Coteau des Prairies. Courtesy of the Smithsonian American Art Museum, Renwick Gallery, Smithsonian American Art Museum Gift of Mrs. Joseph Harrison, Jr. 1985.66.337 http://americanart.si.edu/collections/search/artwork/?id=4319. THIS PAGE Photograph of a modern quarry in Pipestone National Monument. National Park Service photograph available online: http://www.nps.gov/media/photo/gallery.htm?id=F7D55D62-155D-4519-3E1DF0A992F7F295 Pipestone National Monument Geologic Resources Inventory Report Natural Resource Report NPS/NRSS/GRD/NRR—2017/1512 John P. Graham Colorado State University Research Associate National Park Service Geologic Resources Division Geologic Resources Inventory PO Box 25287 Denver, CO 80225 September 2017 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics. These reports are of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Rep​​ort Series is used to disseminate comprehensive information and analysis about natural resources and related topics concerning lands managed by the National Park Service. The series supports the advancement of science, informed decision-making, and the achievement of the National Park Service mission. The series also provides a forum for presenting more lengthy results that may not be accepted by publications with page limitations. All manuscripts in the series receive the appropriate level of peer review to ensure that the information is scientifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and designed and published in a professional manner. This report received informal peer review by subject-matter experts who were not directly involved in the collection, analysis, or reporting of the data. Views, statements, findings, conclusions, recommendations, and data in this report do not necessarily reflect views and policies of the National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the U.S. Government. This report is available from the Geologic Resources Inventory website, and the Natural Resource Publications Management website. To receive this report in a format optimized for screen readers, please email [email protected]. Please cite this publication as: Graham, J. P. 2017. Pipestone National Monument: Geologic resources inventory report. Natural Resource Report NPS/NRSS/GRD/NRR—2017/1512. National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado. NPS 372/140095, September 2017 iiii Contents Page Figures . iv Tables . iv Executive Summary . v Products and Acknowledgments . .. vii GRI Products . .vii Acknowledgments . .vii Geologic Setting and Significance . ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 1 Geologic Setting . 1 Sioux Quartzite . 3 Catlinite . �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������12 Proposed Development at Pipestone National Monument . ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������14 Geology and Ecosystem Development . 14 Geologic Features, Processes, and Resource Management Issues . ������������������������������������������������������������� 15 Features and Processes (table 2) . �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������15 Resource Management Issues (table 3) . 15 Geologic Resource Management . 15 Resource Management Guidance for Geologic Features and Processes . �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������15 Potential Resource Management Actions . 18 Geologic History . 25 2.6 billion to 1.6 billion years ago (Precambrian): Continental Collisions and River Systems. �������������������������������������������������������������������25 The past 2.6 million years (Quaternary Period): The Ice Ages . 26 Geologic Map Data . ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 29 Geologic Maps . 29 Source Maps . 29 Conversion of Source Maps to GRI GIS Data . 29 GRI GIS Data . 29 Geologic Map Poster . 30 Use Constraints . �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������30 Literature Cited . ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 32 Additional References . 35 Geology of National Park Service Areas . 35 NPS Resource Management Guidance and Documents . 35 Climate Change Resources . 35 Geological Surveys and Societies . 35 US Geological Survey Reference Tools . ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������35 Appendix A: Scoping Participants . ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 36 2008 Scoping Meeting Participants . 36 2016 Conference Call Participants . 36 Appendix B: Geologic Resource Laws, Regulations, and Policies . 38 iii Figures Page Figure 1. Location map of Pipestone National Monument in southwestern Minnesota. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������viii Figure 2. Geologic time scale. ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������2 Figure 3. Relief map of a portion of the northern Great Plains showing the Coteau des Prairies, southwestern Minnesota. 4 Figure 4. Photographs of Winnewissa Falls and Lake Hiawatha, Pipestone National Monument ������������������������������������������������������������������������������5 Figure 5. Photographs of Sioux Quartzite, Pipestone National Monument.. 6 Figure 6. Photographs of ancient sedimentary features found in the Sioux Quartzite. 8 Figure 7. Braided stream system and schematic vertical section of the Sioux Quartzite of southwestern Minnesota . 10 Figure 8. Photograph of calumet pipes on display in the Pipestone National Monument visitor center �������������������������������������������������������������������11 Figure 9. Photograph of the Three Maidens at sunset, Pipestone National Monument . 17 Figure 10. Photograph of polished and pitted surface of the Sioux Quartzite . 18 Figure 11. Photograph and schematic illustration of Sioux Quartzite quarry at Pipestone National Monument . 19 Figure 12. Aerial imagery of jointed outcrops of Sioux Quartzite and quarries in Pipestone National Monument . 20 Figure 13. Photograph of flood waters inundating the Circle Trail in 2010 . 21 Figure 14. Photograph of water in a quarry ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������22 Figure 15. Map of Precambrian land masses that sutured together to form Minnesota approximately 2.7 billion
Recommended publications
  • Timeline of Natural History

    Timeline of Natural History

    Timeline of natural history This timeline of natural history summarizes significant geological and Life timeline Ice Ages biological events from the formation of the 0 — Primates Quater nary Flowers ←Earliest apes Earth to the arrival of modern humans. P Birds h Mammals – Plants Dinosaurs Times are listed in millions of years, or Karo o a n ← Andean Tetrapoda megaanni (Ma). -50 0 — e Arthropods Molluscs r ←Cambrian explosion o ← Cryoge nian Ediacara biota – z ←Earliest animals o ←Earliest plants i Multicellular -1000 — c Contents life ←Sexual reproduction Dating of the Geologic record – P r The earliest Solar System -1500 — o t Precambrian Supereon – e r Eukaryotes Hadean Eon o -2000 — z o Archean Eon i Huron ian – c Eoarchean Era ←Oxygen crisis Paleoarchean Era -2500 — ←Atmospheric oxygen Mesoarchean Era – Photosynthesis Neoarchean Era Pong ola Proterozoic Eon -3000 — A r Paleoproterozoic Era c – h Siderian Period e a Rhyacian Period -3500 — n ←Earliest oxygen Orosirian Period Single-celled – life Statherian Period -4000 — ←Earliest life Mesoproterozoic Era H Calymmian Period a water – d e Ectasian Period a ←Earliest water Stenian Period -4500 — n ←Earth (−4540) (million years ago) Clickable Neoproterozoic Era ( Tonian Period Cryogenian Period Ediacaran Period Phanerozoic Eon Paleozoic Era Cambrian Period Ordovician Period Silurian Period Devonian Period Carboniferous Period Permian Period Mesozoic Era Triassic Period Jurassic Period Cretaceous Period Cenozoic Era Paleogene Period Neogene Period Quaternary Period Etymology of period names References See also External links Dating of the Geologic record The Geologic record is the strata (layers) of rock in the planet's crust and the science of geology is much concerned with the age and origin of all rocks to determine the history and formation of Earth and to understand the forces that have acted upon it.
  • Ecological Regions of Minnesota: Level III and IV Maps and Descriptions Denis White March 2020

    Ecological Regions of Minnesota: Level III and IV Maps and Descriptions Denis White March 2020

    Ecological Regions of Minnesota: Level III and IV maps and descriptions Denis White March 2020 (Image NOAA, Landsat, Copernicus; Presentation Google Earth) A contribution to the corpus of materials created by James Omernik and colleagues on the Ecological Regions of the United States, North America, and South America The page size for this document is 9 inches horizontal by 12 inches vertical. Table of Contents Content Page 1. Introduction 1 2. Geographic patterns in Minnesota 1 Geographic location and notable features 1 Climate 1 Elevation and topographic form, and physiography 2 Geology 2 Soils 3 Presettlement vegetation 3 Land use and land cover 4 Lakes, rivers, and watersheds; water quality 4 Flora and fauna 4 3. Methods of geographic regionalization 5 4. Development of Level IV ecoregions 6 5. Descriptions of Level III and Level IV ecoregions 7 46. Northern Glaciated Plains 8 46e. Tewaukon/BigStone Stagnation Moraine 8 46k. Prairie Coteau 8 46l. Prairie Coteau Escarpment 8 46m. Big Sioux Basin 8 46o. Minnesota River Prairie 9 47. Western Corn Belt Plains 9 47a. Loess Prairies 9 47b. Des Moines Lobe 9 47c. Eastern Iowa and Minnesota Drift Plains 9 47g. Lower St. Croix and Vermillion Valleys 10 48. Lake Agassiz Plain 10 48a. Glacial Lake Agassiz Basin 10 48b. Beach Ridges and Sand Deltas 10 48d. Lake Agassiz Plains 10 49. Northern Minnesota Wetlands 11 49a. Peatlands 11 49b. Forested Lake Plains 11 50. Northern Lakes and Forests 11 50a. Lake Superior Clay Plain 12 50b. Minnesota/Wisconsin Upland Till Plain 12 50m. Mesabi Range 12 50n. Boundary Lakes and Hills 12 50o.
  • Minnesota Statutes 2020, Chapter 85

    Minnesota Statutes 2020, Chapter 85

    1​ MINNESOTA STATUTES 2020​ 85.011​ CHAPTER 85​ DIVISION OF PARKS AND RECREATION​ STATE PARKS, RECREATION AREAS, AND WAYSIDES​ 85.06​ SCHOOLHOUSES IN CERTAIN STATE PARKS.​ 85.011​ CONFIRMATION OF CREATION AND​ 85.20​ VIOLATIONS OF RULES; LITTERING; PENALTIES.​ ESTABLISHMENT OF STATE PARKS, STATE​ 85.205​ RECEPTACLES FOR RECYCLING.​ RECREATION AREAS, AND WAYSIDES.​ 85.21​ STATE OPERATION OF PARK, MONUMENT,​ 85.0115​ NOTICE OF ADDITIONS AND DELETIONS.​ RECREATION AREA AND WAYSIDE FACILITIES;​ 85.012​ STATE PARKS.​ LICENSE NOT REQUIRED.​ 85.013​ STATE RECREATION AREAS AND WAYSIDES.​ 85.22​ STATE PARKS WORKING CAPITAL ACCOUNT.​ 85.014​ PRIOR LAWS NOT ALTERED; REVISOR'S DUTIES.​ 85.23​ COOPERATIVE LEASES OF AGRICULTURAL​ 85.0145​ ACQUIRING LAND FOR FACILITIES.​ LANDS.​ 85.0146​ CUYUNA COUNTRY STATE RECREATION AREA;​ 85.32​ STATE WATER TRAILS.​ CITIZENS ADVISORY COUNCIL.​ 85.33​ ST. CROIX WILD RIVER AREA; LIMITATIONS ON​ STATE TRAILS​ POWER BOATING.​ 85.015​ STATE TRAILS.​ 85.34​ FORT SNELLING LEASE.​ 85.0155​ LAKE SUPERIOR WATER TRAIL.​ TRAIL PASSES​ 85.0156​ MISSISSIPPI WHITEWATER TRAIL.​ 85.40​ DEFINITIONS.​ 85.016​ BICYCLE TRAIL PROGRAM.​ 85.41​ CROSS-COUNTRY-SKI PASSES.​ 85.017​ TRAIL REGISTRY.​ 85.42​ USER FEE; VALIDITY.​ 85.018​ TRAIL USE; VEHICLES REGULATED, RESTRICTED.​ 85.43​ DISPOSITION OF RECEIPTS; PURPOSE.​ ADMINISTRATION​ 85.44​ CROSS-COUNTRY-SKI TRAIL GRANT-IN-AID​ 85.019​ LOCAL RECREATION GRANTS.​ PROGRAM.​ 85.021​ ACQUIRING LAND; MINNESOTA VALLEY TRAIL.​ 85.45​ PENALTIES.​ 85.04​ ENFORCEMENT DIVISION EMPLOYEES.​ 85.46​ HORSE
  • To Prairie Preserves

    To Prairie Preserves

    This document is made available electronically by the Minnesota Legislative Reference Library as part of an ongoing digital archiving project. http://www.leg.state.mn.us/lrl/lrl.asp (Funding for document digitization was provided, in part, by a grant from the Minnesota Historical & Cultural Heritage Program.) A GUIDE TO MINNESOTA PRAIRIES By Keith M. Wendt Maps By Judith M. Ja.cobi· Editorial Assistance By Karen A. Schmitz Art and Photo Credits:•Thorn_as ·Arter, p. 14 (bottom left); Kathy Bolin, ·p: 14 (top); Dan Metz, pp. 60, 62; Minnesota Departme'nt of Natural Resources, pp. '35 1 39, 65; U.S. Department of Agriculture, p. -47; Keith Wendt, cover, pp~ 14 (right), 32, 44; Vera Wohg, PP· 22, 43, 4a. · · ..·.' The Natural Heritage Program Minnesota Department of Natural Resources Box 6, Centennial Office Building . ,. St. Paul; MN 55155 ©Copyright 1984, State of Minnesota, Department of Natural Resource.s CONTENTS PREFACE .......................................... Page 3 INTRODUCTION .................................... Page 5 MINNESOTA PRAIRIE TYPES ........................... Page 6 PROTECTION STATUS OF MINNESOTA PRAIRIES ............ Page 12 DIRECTORY OF PRAIRIE PRESERVES BY REGION ............ Page 15 Blufflands . Page 18 Southern Oak Barrens . Page 22 Minnesota River Valley ............................. Page 26 Coteau des Prairies . Page 32 Blue Hills . Page 40 Mississippi River Sand Plains ......................... Page 44 Red River Valley . Page 48 Aspen Parkland ................................... Page 62 REFERENCES ..................................... Page 66 INDEX TO PRAIRIE PRESERVES ......................... Page 70 2 PREFACE innesota has established an outstanding system of tallgrass prairie preserves. No state M in the Upper Midwest surpasses Minnesota in terms of acreage and variety of tallgrass prairie protected. Over 45,000 acres of native prairie are protected on a wide variety of landforms that span the 400 mile length of the state from its southeast to northwest corner.
  • Explore Minnesota S Prairies

    Explore Minnesota S Prairies

    Explore Minnesota s Prairies A guide to selected prairies around the state. By Peter Buesseler ECAUSE I'M the Depart- ment of Natural Re- sources state prairie biologist, people of- Bten ask me where they can go to see a prairie. Fortunately, Minnesota has established an outstanding system of prai- rie preserves. No state in the upper Midwest surpasses Minnesota in terms of acre- age and variety of tallgrass prairie protected. There is Among the prairies to explore are spectacular probably native prairie closer bluffland prairies located just a few hours south to you than you think. of the Twin Cities along the Mississippi River. When is the best time to visit a prairie? From the first pasque Read about the different prairie flowers and booming of prairie chick- regions and preserves described be- ens in April, to the last asters and low, then plan an outing with family bottle gentians in October, the prairie or friends. The most important thing is a kaleidoscope of color and change. is not when or where to go—just go! So don't worry. Every day is a good The following abbreviations are day to see prairie. used in the list of prairie sites: SNA 30 THE MINNESOTA VOLUNTEER means the prairie is a state scientific wildlife refuge. My personal favorites and natural area; TNC means the are marked with an asterisk (*). Have prairie is owned by The Nature Con- fun exploring your prairie heritage. servancy, a private, nonprofit conser- Red River Valley vation organization; WMA means the During the last ice age (10,000 to site is a state wildlife management 12,000 years ago), a great lake area; and NWR stands for national stretched from Wheaton, Minn., to the JULY-AUGUST 1990 31 Our Prairie Heritage sandy beach ridges of Glacial Lake Agassiz.
  • The Campground Host Volunteer Program

    The Campground Host Volunteer Program

    CAMPGROUND HOST PROGRAM THE CAMPGROUND HOST VOLUNTEER PROGRAM MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES 1 CAMPGROUND HOST PROGRAM DIVISION OF PARKS AND RECREATION Introduction This packet is designed to give you the information necessary to apply for a campground host position. Applications will be accepted all year but must be received at least 30 days in advance of the time you wish to serve as a host. Please send completed applications to the park manager for the park or forest campground in which you are interested. Addresses are listed at the back of this brochure. General questions and inquiries may be directed to: Campground Host Coordinator DNR-Parks and Recreation 500 Lafayette Road St. Paul, MN 55155-4039 651-259-5607 [email protected] Principal Duties and Responsibilities During the period from May to October, the volunteer serves as a "live in" host at a state park or state forest campground for at least a four-week period. The primary responsibility is to assist campers by answering questions and explaining campground rules in a cheerful and helpful manner. Campground Host volunteers should be familiar with state park and forest campground rules and should become familiar with local points of interest and the location where local services can be obtained. Volunteers perform light maintenance work around the campground such as litter pickup, sweeping, stocking supplies in toilet buildings and making emergency minor repairs when possible. Campground Host volunteers may be requested to assist in the naturalist program by posting and distributing schedules, publicizing programs or helping with programs. Volunteers will set an example by being model campers, practicing good housekeeping at all times in and around the host site, and by observing all rules.
  • Voyageurs National Park Geologic Resource Evaluation Report

    Voyageurs National Park Geologic Resource Evaluation Report

    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Program Center Voyageurs National Park Geologic Resource Evaluation Report Natural Resource Report NPS/NRPC/GRD/NRR—2007/007 THIS PAGE: A geologist highlights a geologic contact during a Geologic Resource Evaluation scoping field trip at Voyageurs NP, MN ON THE COVER: Aerial view of Voyageurs NP, MN NPS Photos Voyageurs National Park Geologic Resource Evaluation Report Natural Resource Report NPS/NRPC/GRD/NRR—2007/007 Geologic Resources Division Natural Resource Program Center P.O. Box 25287 Denver, Colorado 80225 June 2007 U.S. Department of the Interior Washington, D.C. The Natural Resource Publication series addresses natural resource topics that are of interest and applicability to a broad readership in the National Park Service and to others in the management of natural resources, including the scientific community, the public, and the NPS conservation and environmental constituencies. Manuscripts are peer- reviewed to ensure that the information is scientifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and is designed and published in a professional manner. Natural Resource Reports are the designated medium for disseminating high priority, current natural resource management information with managerial application. The series targets a general, diverse audience, and may contain NPS policy considerations or address sensitive issues of management applicability. Examples of the diverse array of reports published in this series include vital signs monitoring plans; "how to" resource management papers; proceedings of resource management workshops or conferences; annual reports of resource programs or divisions of the Natural Resource Program Center; resource action plans; fact sheets; and regularly- published newsletters.
  • Minnesota State Parks.Pdf

    Minnesota State Parks.Pdf

    Table of Contents 1. Afton State Park 4 2. Banning State Park 6 3. Bear Head Lake State Park 8 4. Beaver Creek Valley State Park 10 5. Big Bog State Park 12 6. Big Stone Lake State Park 14 7. Blue Mounds State Park 16 8. Buffalo River State Park 18 9. Camden State Park 20 10. Carley State Park 22 11. Cascade River State Park 24 12. Charles A. Lindbergh State Park 26 13. Crow Wing State Park 28 14. Cuyuna Country State Park 30 15. Father Hennepin State Park 32 16. Flandrau State Park 34 17. Forestville/Mystery Cave State Park 36 18. Fort Ridgely State Park 38 19. Fort Snelling State Park 40 20. Franz Jevne State Park 42 21. Frontenac State Park 44 22. George H. Crosby Manitou State Park 46 23. Glacial Lakes State Park 48 24. Glendalough State Park 50 25. Gooseberry Falls State Park 52 26. Grand Portage State Park 54 27. Great River Bluffs State Park 56 28. Hayes Lake State Park 58 29. Hill Annex Mine State Park 60 30. Interstate State Park 62 31. Itasca State Park 64 32. Jay Cooke State Park 66 33. John A. Latsch State Park 68 34. Judge C.R. Magney State Park 70 1 35. Kilen Woods State Park 72 36. Lac qui Parle State Park 74 37. Lake Bemidji State Park 76 38. Lake Bronson State Park 78 39. Lake Carlos State Park 80 40. Lake Louise State Park 82 41. Lake Maria State Park 84 42. Lake Shetek State Park 86 43.
  • RV Sites in the United States Location Map 110-Mile Park Map 35 Mile

    RV Sites in the United States Location Map 110-Mile Park Map 35 Mile

    RV sites in the United States This GPS POI file is available here: https://poidirectory.com/poifiles/united_states/accommodation/RV_MH-US.html Location Map 110-Mile Park Map 35 Mile Camp Map 370 Lakeside Park Map 5 Star RV Map 566 Piney Creek Horse Camp Map 7 Oaks RV Park Map 8th and Bridge RV Map A AAA RV Map A and A Mesa Verde RV Map A H Hogue Map A H Stephens Historic Park Map A J Jolly County Park Map A Mountain Top RV Map A-Bar-A RV/CG Map A. W. Jack Morgan County Par Map A.W. Marion State Park Map Abbeville RV Park Map Abbott Map Abbott Creek (Abbott Butte) Map Abilene State Park Map Abita Springs RV Resort (Oce Map Abram Rutt City Park Map Acadia National Parks Map Acadiana Park Map Ace RV Park Map Ackerman Map Ackley Creek Co Park Map Ackley Lake State Park Map Acorn East Map Acorn Valley Map Acorn West Map Ada Lake Map Adam County Fairgrounds Map Adams City CG Map Adams County Regional Park Map Adams Fork Map Page 1 Location Map Adams Grove Map Adelaide Map Adirondack Gateway Campgroun Map Admiralty RV and Resort Map Adolph Thomae Jr. County Par Map Adrian City CG Map Aerie Crag Map Aeroplane Mesa Map Afton Canyon Map Afton Landing Map Agate Beach Map Agnew Meadows Map Agricenter RV Park Map Agua Caliente County Park Map Agua Piedra Map Aguirre Spring Map Ahart Map Ahtanum State Forest Map Aiken State Park Map Aikens Creek West Map Ainsworth State Park Map Airplane Flat Map Airport Flat Map Airport Lake Park Map Airport Park Map Aitkin Co Campground Map Ajax Country Livin' I-49 RV Map Ajo Arena Map Ajo Community Golf Course Map
  • Crystal Size Distribution of Saganaga Tonalite, MN

    Crystal Size Distribution of Saganaga Tonalite, MN

    Crystal Size Distribution of Saganaga Tonalite, MN ALEXANDER REIMERS PETROLOGY PROJECT 2018 Regional Setting Saganaga Tonalite is situated to the north plex of the Duluth com within the Archean Superior Craton Named aer Saganaga Lake Archean in Age: ~2700 ± 50 m.y.a ◦ Rb-­‐Sr, K-­‐Ar, and U-­‐Pb dang methods were used Originated from the Algoman Orogeny (Kenoran Orogeny in Canada) before the Mid-­‐conNnental ri Saganaga Tonalite Map of!8chean terranes of Minnesota Map: usgeologymorphology.com Saganaga Tonalite Extent (USA) Algoman Orogeny Repeate. episo.es of Late Archean conNnental collisions, compressions, an. sub.ucNons Saganaga Tonalite Homogenous, composite Intrusive bo.y Intru.es Greenstone an. Northern Light Gneiss an. overlain by metase.imentary rocks of Knife Lake Group PHanson,1962) Composion ◦ Felsic ◦ 20I60Y Zuartz ◦ 50I90Y Plagioclase POligoclase or An.esine) ◦ <10Y Alkali Fel.spar Mineral Approximation Sample Plagioclase PY) KIspar PY) Zuartz PY) Other PY) 55 5 35 5 ACR1_ I 1 Saganaga Tonalite 65 5 25 5 ACR1_ I 2 65 0 30 5 ACR1_ I 3 61.67 3.33 30.00 5.00 Average • Mineral Appro6imaons were made via petrographic microscope for three .iaerent thin secons. • Average mineral percentage for the bulk rock sample is shown. Guiding Question 2etermine if the cooling rate of the Saganaga Tonalite can be esNmate. base. on 2I2 crystal size .istribuNon of Plagioclase Methods Pro.uce. 3 thin secNons Analyze. general mineral composiNon an. i.enNbe. Plagioclase crystals Import image, taken on 2r. Tackecds microscope, of thin secNons into an image analysis so;ware PDigimizer) for crystal size .istribuNon analysis Photo courtesy of Eidukat 2r.
  • Pleistocene Geology of Eastern South Dakota

    Pleistocene Geology of Eastern South Dakota

    Pleistocene Geology of Eastern South Dakota GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 262 Pleistocene Geology of Eastern South Dakota By RICHARD FOSTER FLINT GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 262 Prepared as part of the program of the Department of the Interior *Jfor the development-L of*J the Missouri River basin UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1955 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Douglas McKay, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY W. E. Wrather, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. C. - Price $3 (paper cover) CONTENTS Page Page Abstract_ _ _____-_-_________________--_--____---__ 1 Pre- Wisconsin nonglacial deposits, ______________ 41 Scope and purpose of study._________________________ 2 Stratigraphic sequence in Nebraska and Iowa_ 42 Field work and acknowledgments._______-_____-_----_ 3 Stream deposits. _____________________ 42 Earlier studies____________________________________ 4 Loess sheets _ _ ______________________ 43 Geography.________________________________________ 5 Weathering profiles. __________________ 44 Topography and drainage______________________ 5 Stream deposits in South Dakota ___________ 45 Minnesota River-Red River lowland. _________ 5 Sand and gravel- _____________________ 45 Coteau des Prairies.________________________ 6 Distribution and thickness. ________ 45 Surface expression._____________________ 6 Physical character. _______________ 45 General geology._______________________ 7 Description by localities ___________ 46 Subdivisions. ________-___--_-_-_-______ 9 Conditions of deposition ___________ 50 James River lowland.__________-__-___-_--__ 9 Age and correlation_______________ 51 General features._________-____--_-__-__ 9 Clayey silt. __________________________ 52 Lake Dakota plain____________________ 10 Loveland loess in South Dakota. ___________ 52 James River highlands...-------.-.---.- 11 Weathering profiles and buried soils. ________ 53 Coteau du Missouri..___________--_-_-__-___ 12 Synthesis of pre- Wisconsin stratigraphy.
  • S`Jt≈J`§≈J`§ ¢`§Mnln”D: the EVERCHANGING PIPESTONE QUARRIES

    S`Jt≈J`§≈J`§ ¢`§Mnln”D: the EVERCHANGING PIPESTONE QUARRIES

    The Everchanging Pipestone Quarries Sioux Cultural Landscapes and Ethnobotany of Pipestone National Monument, Minnesota Item Type Report Authors Toupal, Rebecca; Stoffle, Richard, W.; O'Meara, Nathan; Dumbauld, Jill Publisher Bureau of Applied Research in Anthropology, University of Arizona Download date 05/10/2021 14:10:29 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292658 S`jt≈j`§≈j`§ ¢`§mnln”d: THE EVERCHANGING PIPESTONE QUARRIES SIOUX CULTURAL LANDSCAPES AND ETHNOBOTANY OF PIPESTONE NATIONAL MONUMENT, MINNESOTA Final Report June 30, 2004 Rebecca S. Toupal Richard W. Stoffle Nathan O’Meara Jill Dumbauld BUREAU OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN ANTHROPOLOGY THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA S`jt≈j`§≈j`§ ¢`§mnln”d: THE EVERCHANGING PIPESTONE QUARRIES SIOUX CULTURAL LANDSCAPES AND ETHNOBOTANY OF PIPESTONE NATIONAL MONUMENT, MINNESOTA Final Report Prepared by Rebecca S. Toupal Richard W. Stoffle Nathan O’Meara and Jill Dumbauld Prepared for National Park Service Midwest Region Under Task Agreement 27 of Cooperative Agreement H8601010007 R.W. Stoffle and M. N. Zedeño, Principal Investigators Bureau of Applied Research in Anthropology University of Arizona Tucson, AZ 86721 June 30, 2004 TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE................................................................................................................................ iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS..................................................................................................... vi STUDY OVERVIEW................................................................................................................1